Europe Beta Carotene Powder Industry Market Analysis & Forecast 2018-2023

June 2018 | 106 pages | ID: E99A51044ECEN
S&P Consulting

Abstracts

In the Europe Beta Carotene Powder Industry Market Analysis & Forecast 2018-2023, the revenue is valued at USD XX million in 2017 and is expected to reach USD XX million by the end of 2023, growing at a CAGR of XX% between 2018 and 2023. The production is estimated at XX million in 2017 and is forecasted to reach XX million by the end of 2023, growing at a CAGR of XX% between 2018 and 2023.

It covers Regional Segment Analysis, Type, Appliction, Major Manufactures, Industry Chain Analysis, Competitive Insights and Macroeconomic Analysis.

Europe Beta Carotene Powder Market Analysis by Countries:

• Germany
• France
• UK
• Russia
• Italy
• Spain
• Benelux

The Major players reported in the market include:

• company 1
• company 2
• company 3
• company 4
• company 5
• company 6
• company 7
• company 8
• company 9

Europe Beta Carotene Powder Market Analysis by Product:

• Type 1
• Type 2
• Type 3

Europe Beta Carotene Powder Market Analysis by Application:

• Application 1
• Application 2
• Application 3

Reasons for Buying this Report

• This report provides pin-point analysis for changing competitive dynamics
• It provides a forward looking perspective on different factors driving or restraining market growth
• It provides a six-year forecast assessed on the basis of how the market is predicted to grow
• It helps in understanding the key product segments and their future
• It provides pin point analysis of changing competition dynamics and keeps you ahead of competitors
• It helps in making informed business decisions by having complete insights of market and by making in-depth analysis of market segments

Contents

1 BETA CAROTENE POWDER MARKET OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Beta Carotene Powder
1.2 Classification of Beta Carotene Powder
  1.2.1 Type
  1.2.2 Type
  1.2.3 Type
1.3 Application of Beta Carotene Powder
  1.3.2 Application
  1.3.3 Application
  1.3.4 Application
1.4 Beta Carotene Powder Market States Status and Prospect (2013-2023) by Countries
  1.4.1 Germany
  1.4.2 France
  1.4.3 UK
  1.4.4 Russia
  1.4.5 Italy
  1.4.6 Spain
  1.4.7 Benelux
1.5 Europe Market Size (Value and Volume) of Beta Carotene Powder (2013-2023)
  1.5.1 Europe Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
  1.5.2 Europe Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2023)

2 EUROPE ECONOMIC IMPACT ON BETA CAROTENE POWDER INDUSTRY

2.1 Europe Macroeconomic Analysis
2.2 Europe Macroeconomic Environment Development Trend

3 BETA CAROTENE POWDER MANUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

3.1 Beta Carotene Powder Key Raw Materials Analysis
  3.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  3.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  3.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  3.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
3.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  3.2.1 Raw Materials
  3.2.2 Labor Cost
  3.2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Beta Carotene Powder

4 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

4.1 Beta Carotene Powder Industrial Chain Analysis
4.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
4.3 Raw Materials Sources of Beta Carotene Powder Major Manufacturers in 2016
4.4 Downstream Buyers

5 EUROPE BETA CAROTENE POWDER MARKET ANALYSIS BY MANUFACTURERS, TYPE AND APPLICATION

5.1 Europe Beta Carotene Powder Market Competition by Manufacturers
  5.1.1 Europe Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share of Key Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
  5.1.2 Europe Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
5.2 Europe Beta Carotene Powder (Volume and Value) by Type
  5.2.1 Europe Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
  5.2.2 Europe Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
5.3 Europe Beta Carotene Powder (Volume and Value) by Countries
  5.3.1 Europe Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Countries (2013-2018)
  5.3.2 Europe Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2013-2018)
5.4 Europe Beta Carotene Powder (Volume) by Application

6 GERMANY BETA CAROTENE POWDER (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

6.1 Germany Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Value (2013-2018)
  6.1.1 Germany Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  6.1.2 Germany Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  6.1.3 Germany Beta Carotene Powder Sales Price Trend (2013-2018)
6.2 Germany Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
6.3 Germany Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Type
6.4 Germany Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Application

7 FRANCE BETA CAROTENE POWDER (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

7.1 France Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Value (2013-2018)
  7.1.1 France Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  7.1.2 France Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  7.1.3 France Beta Carotene Powder Sales Price Trend (2013-2018)
7.2 France Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
7.3 France Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Type
7.4 France Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Application

8 UK BETA CAROTENE POWDER (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

8.1 UK Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Value (2013-2018)
  8.1.1 UK Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  8.1.2 UK Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  8.1.3 UK Beta Carotene Powder Sales Price Trend (2013-2018)
8.2 UK Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
8.3 UK Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Type
8.4 UK Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Application

9 RUSSIA BETA CAROTENE POWDER (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

9.1 Russia Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Value (2013-2018)
  9.1.1 Russia Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  9.1.2 Russia Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  9.1.3 Russia Beta Carotene Powder Sales Price Trend (2013-2018)
9.2 Russia Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
9.3 Russia Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Type
9.4 Russia Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Application

10 ITALY BETA CAROTENE POWDER (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

10.1 Italy Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Value (2013-2018)
  10.1.1 Italy Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  10.1.2 Italy Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  10.1.3 Italy Beta Carotene Powder Sales Price Trend (2013-2018)
10.2 Italy Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
10.3 Italy Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Type
10.4 Italy Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Application

11 SPAIN BETA CAROTENE POWDER (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

11.1 Spain Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Value (2013-2018)
  11.1.1 Spain Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  11.1.2 Spain Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  11.1.3 Spain Beta Carotene Powder Sales Price Trend (2013-2018)
11.2 Spain Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
11.3 Spain Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Type
11.4 Spain Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Application

12 BENELUX BETA CAROTENE POWDER (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

12.1 Benelux Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Value (2013-2018)
  12.1.1 Benelux Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  12.1.2 Benelux Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  12.1.3 Benelux Beta Carotene Powder Sales Price Trend (2013-2018)
12.2 Benelux Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
12.3 Benelux Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Type
12.4 Benelux Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Application

13 EUROPE BETA CAROTENE POWDER MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS

13.1 company
  13.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.1.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.1.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  13.1.4 Business Overview
13.2 company
  13.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.2.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.2.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  13.2.4 Business Overview
13.3 company
  13.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.3.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.3.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  13.3.4 Business Overview
13.4 company
  13.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.4.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.4.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  13.4.4 Business Overview
13.5 company
  13.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.5.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.5.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  13.5.4 Business Overview
13.6 company
  13.6.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.6.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.6.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  13.6.4 Business Overview
13.7 company
  13.7.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.7.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.7.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  13.7.4 Business Overview
13.8 company
  13.8.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.8.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.8.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  13.8.4 Business Overview
13.9 company
  13.9.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.9.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.9.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  13.9.4 Business Overview

13 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

13.1 Marketing Channel
  13.1.1 Direct Marketing
  13.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  13.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
13.2 Market Positioning
  13.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  13.2.2 Brand Strategy
  13.2.3 Target Client
13.3 Distributors/Traders List

14 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

14.1 Technology Progress/Risk
  14.1.1 Substitutes Threat
  14.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
14.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
14.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

15 EUROPE BETA CAROTENE POWDER MARKET FORECAST (2018-2023)

15.1 Germany Market Forecast (2018-2023)
15.2 France Market Forecast (2018-2023)
15.3 UK Market Forecast (2018-2023)
15.4 Russia Market Forecast (2018-2023)
15.5 Italy Market Forecast (2018-2023)
15.6 Spain Market Forecast (2018-2023)
15.7 Benelux Market Forecast (2018-2023)
15.8 Europe Beta Carotene Powder Market Forecast by Type (2018-2023)
15.9 Europe Beta Carotene Powder Market Forecast by Application (2018-2023)

16 APPENDIX

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Picture of Beta Carotene Powder
Table Classification of Beta Carotene Powder
Figure Europe Sales Market Share of Beta Carotene Powder by Type in 2016
Table Application of Beta Carotene Powder
Figure Europe Sales Market Share of Beta Carotene Powder by Application in 2016
Figure Germany Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Figure France Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Figure UK Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Figure Russia Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Figure Italy Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Figure Spain Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Figure Benelux Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Figure Europe Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Figure Europe Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Table Europe Beta Carotene Powder Sales of Key Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table Europe Beta Carotene Powder Sales Share by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Figure 2015 Beta Carotene Powder Sales Share by Manufacturers
Figure 2016 Beta Carotene Powder Sales Share by Manufacturers
Table Europe Beta Carotene Powder Revenue by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table Europe Beta Carotene Powder Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table 2015 Europe Beta Carotene Powder Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table 2016 Europe Beta Carotene Powder Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table Europe Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
Table Europe Beta Carotene Powder Sales Share by Type (2013-2018)
Figure Sales Market Share of Beta Carotene Powder by Type (2013-2018)
Figure Europe Beta Carotene Powder Sales Growth Rate by Type (2013-2018)
Table Europe Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
Table Europe Beta Carotene Powder Revenue Share by Type (2013-2018)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Beta Carotene Powder by Type (2013-2018)
Figure Europe Beta Carotene Powder Revenue Growth Rate by Type (2013-2018)
Table Europe Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Countries (2013-2018)
Table Europe Beta Carotene Powder Sales Share by Countries (2013-2018)
Figure Sales Market Share of Beta Carotene Powder by Countries (2013-2018)
Table Europe Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2013-2018)
Table Europe Beta Carotene Powder Revenue Share by Countries (2013-2018)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Beta Carotene Powder by Countries (2013-2018)
Table Europe Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Market Share by Application (2013-2018)
Table Europe Beta Carotene Powder Sales Share by Application (2013-2018)
Figure Sales Market Share of Beta Carotene Powder by Application (2013-2018)
Figure Germany Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Germany Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Germany Beta Carotene Powder Sales Price Trend (2013-2018)
Table Germany Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table Germany Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table Germany Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Type (2016 and 2017)
Table Germany Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Type (2016 and 2017)
Table Germany Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Application (2016 and 2017)
Table Germany Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Application (2016 and 2017)
Figure France Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure France Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure France Beta Carotene Powder Sales Price Trend (2013-2018)
Table France Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table France Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table France Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Type (2016 and 2017)
Table France Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Type (2016 and 2017)
Table France Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Application (2016 and 2017)
Table France Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Application (2016 and 2017)
Figure UK Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure UK Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure UK Beta Carotene Powder Sales Price Trend (2013-2018)
Table UK Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table UK Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table UK Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Type (2016 and 2017)
Table UK Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Type (2016 and 2017)
Table UK Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Application (2016 and 2017)
Table UK Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Application (2016 and 2017)
Figure Russia Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Russia Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Russia Beta Carotene Powder Sales Price Trend (2013-2018)
Table Russia Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table Russia Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table Russia Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Type (2016 and 2017)
Table Russia Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Type (2016 and 2017)
Table Russia Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Application (2016 and 2017)
Table Russia Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Application (2016 and 2017)
Figure Italy Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Italy Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Italy Beta Carotene Powder Sales Price Trend (2013-2018)
Table Italy Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table Italy Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table Italy Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Type (2016 and 2017)
Table Italy Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Type (2016 and 2017)
Table Italy Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Application (2016 and 2017)
Table Italy Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Application (2016 and 2017)
Figure Spain Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Spain Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Spain Beta Carotene Powder Sales Price Trend (2013-2018)
Table Spain Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table Spain Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table Spain Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Type (2016 and 2017)
Table Spain Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Type (2016 and 2017)
Table Spain Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Application (2016 and 2017)
Table Spain Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Application (2016 and 2017)
Figure Benelux Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Benelux Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Benelux Beta Carotene Powder Sales Price Trend (2013-2018)
Table Benelux Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table Benelux Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table Benelux Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Type (2016 and 2017)
Table Benelux Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Type (2016 and 2017)
Table Benelux Beta Carotene Powder Sales by Application (2016 and 2017)
Table Benelux Beta Carotene Powder Market Share by Application (2016 and 2017)
Table company 1 Basic Information List
Table company 1 Beta Carotene Powder Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Figure company 1 Beta Carotene Powder Sales Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 2 Basic Information List
Table company 2 Beta Carotene Powder Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 2 Beta Carotene Powder Sales Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 3 Basic Information List
Table company 3 Beta Carotene Powder Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Figure company 3 Beta Carotene Powder Sales Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 4 Basic Information List
Table company 4 Beta Carotene Powder Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 4 Beta Carotene Powder Sales Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 5 Basic Information List
Table company 5 Beta Carotene Powder Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Figure company 5 Beta Carotene Powder Sales Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 6 Basic Information List
Table company 6 Beta Carotene Powder Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 6 Beta Carotene Powder Sales Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 7 Basic Information List
Table company 7 Beta Carotene Powder Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Figure company 7 Beta Carotene Powder Sales Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 8 Basic Information List
Table company 8 Beta Carotene Powder Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 8 Beta Carotene Powder Sales Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 9 Basic Information List
Table company 9 Beta Carotene Powder Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Figure company 9 Beta Carotene Powder Sales Market Share (2013-2018).
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Beta Carotene Powder
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Beta Carotene Powder
Figure Beta Carotene Powder Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Beta Carotene Powder Major Manufacturers in 2016
Table Major Buyers of Beta Carotene Powder
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure Germany Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2023)
Figure Germany Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2023)
Figure France Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2023)
Figure France Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2023)
Figure UK Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2023)
Figure UK Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2023)
Figure Russia Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2023)
Figure Russia Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2023)
Figure Italy Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2023)
Figure Italy Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2023)
Figure Spain Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2023)
Figure Spain Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2023)
Figure Benelux Beta Carotene Powder Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2023)
Figure Benelux Beta Carotene Powder Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2023)
Table Europe Beta Carotene Powder Sales Forecast by Type (2018-2023)
Table Europe Beta Carotene Powder Sales Forecast by Application (2018-2023)