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Insect repellent apparel: a novel approach to pest control

June 2014 | 23 pages | ID: I52A384A0F8EN
Textiles Intelligence Ltd

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The incidence of diseases caused by insects which bite humans, such as mosquitoes, flies and ticks, is widespread. Worryingly, insect-borne diseases which are endemic in tropical and sub-tropical parts of the world are spreading to temperate regions such as Western Europe and the USA. The causes of this spread include globalisation, an increase in international trade and travel, and climate change. Insect repellent apparel provides consumers with a safe, convenient and cost-effective method for preventing the discomfort and major health risks associated with biting insects. As yet, the market for insect repellent apparel is still in its infancy. However, the prospects for growth are strong -- particularly in the light of increasing participation in activities such as camping and trekking which are pursued in environments where insect activity is rife. The need for insect repellent apparel has been highlighted by an alarming increase in the number of cases of some insect-borne diseases, such as dengue. As a result, scientists are stepping up their efforts to develop insect repellents which provide protection against dangerous insects and satisfy growing demand from consumers for insect repellent products which are safe and pleasant to use and are environmentally sustainable. This report provides a wealth of information, insight and analysis on the effects of insects on humans, the demand for insect repellent products, and the market for insect repellent apparel. Furthermore, the report provides insight into the advantages, applications and types of insect repellent apparel, insect repellents used to treat apparel, methods of imparting insect repellent properties to garments, efficacy testing and regulations, and an outlook for the future.
SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION

EFFECTS OF INSECTS ON HUMANS

Serious insect-borne diseases
Chikungunya
Dengue
Leishmaniasis
Lyme disease
Malaria
Yellow fever
West Nile virus

DEMAND FOR INSECT REPELLENT PRODUCTS

MARKET FOR INSECT REPELLENT APPAREL

Suppliers of insect repellent apparel

ADVANTAGES, APPLICATIONS AND TYPES OF INSECT

REPELLENT APPAREL

Advantages of insect repellent apparel
Applications of insect repellent apparel
Types of insect repellent apparel

INSECT REPELLENTS USED TO TREAT APPAREL

N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET)
Synthetic pyrethroids
Permethrin
Picaridin
IR3535
Plant-based repellents
Oils extracted from citronella
Oils extracted from eucalyptus

METHODS OF IMPARTING INSECT REPELLENT PROPERTIES TO GARMENTS

Treatment during fabric manufacture
Post-manufacture treatment
Permethrin treatments

EFFICACY TESTING AND REGULATIONS

Efficacy testing
Field tests
Indoor tests
Regulations

OUTLOOK

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Symptoms and illnesses caused to humans by insects
Table 2: Potential effects of climate change on disease carrying insects
Table 3: Market for insect repellent textiles in Europe: percentage of total units sold by end use, 2003-13
Table 4: Market for insect repellent textiles in Europe: percentage of total revenues by product category, 2003-13
Table 5: Participation in outdoor recreation in the USA, 2006-12
Table 6: Suppliers of insect repellent apparel or technology, 2014
Table 7: Duration of protection of commonly used insect repellents

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: Reasons for purchasing insect repellent products
Figure 2: Frequency of insect repellent use while in the presence of biting insects
Figure 3: Anti-insect mesh jacket
Figure 4: Shirt made from insecticide treated fabric


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