The Information and Telecommunication Sector in Armenia
Prioritizing ICT as an important driver of economic growth in Armenia, we have conducted this research to present the current state of the sector, pinpoint challenges, discuss competitiveness, business environment, best practices of government support, current level and prospects for ICT implementation among Armenian small and medium businesses, as well as use of ICT by households. The research included among other things individual interviews with key personnel of major Armenian ICT players. Subjects discussed during interviews cover a variety of things from current state and expectations of the sector to technology changes, required investments, etc.
This report is unique for Armenia in terms of addressing these three aspects. The following key goals were outlined for the research:
This report is unique for Armenia in terms of addressing these three aspects. The following key goals were outlined for the research:
- Evaluate the role of ICT for Armenian economy to the fullest possible extent using internationally-accepted methods; conduct international peer review
- Identify opportunity costs of the government in ICT and their reasons
- Present the “anatomy” of ICT
- Present the developments (transformation) in telecom subsector
- Present the state of things in separate telecom markets
- Present the state of things in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) education
- Evaluate the government’s tax policy for ICT vs. international peersDiscuss the international practices of government support to IT sector
- Discuss the use of ICT by small and medium businesses from various aspects (security, prospective technologies, impact, etc.)
- Discuss the use of ICT by households (involvement, frequency, purposes, etc.)
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1. ICT SECTOR: MACROECONOMIC OVERVIEW
ICT Turnover and Structure
ICT Added Value and Share in GDP
Work Productivity in ICT Sector
Employment in ICT Sector
Wages in ICT Sector
Business Demographics in ICT Sector
Export of ICT Goods and Services
Import of ICT Goods and Services
ICT Taxes
Armenia: International Ranking
CHAPTER 2. DEVELOPMENTS IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS SUBSECTOR
Landline Phone Connections in Armenia
Mobile Networks in Armenia
Internet Access in Armenia
Transformation in Telecommunications Subsector
Subsector Development Outlook: Forecasts of Key Players
CHAPTER 3. IT SERVICES SUBSECTOR: CURRENT STATE
IT Services Subsector: Business Demographics & Key Players
Presence of IT Services Companies Overseas
STEM Education in Armenia
Tax Policy in IT Services: Peer Review
Government Support to IT Sector: Best Practices
CHAPTER 4. USE OF ICT BY SMES
Internet Access
Own Website
Use of Email in Business Social Media Presence
Use of Cloud Platforms
E-Commerce
Digital Security
IT Costs
Use of IT in Business
Most Promising Business Functions in Terms of IT Penetration
Communicating with Stakeholders Online
Impact of IT Implementation on SMEs
Inclination to Implement IT: Reasons and Obstacles
CHAPTER 5. USE OF ICT BY HOUSEHOLDS
Use of Internet
Electronic Communication
Access to Information
Political and Civil Activity on the Internet
Listening to Music Online
Internet and Job Seekers
Online Sales
Online Banking
Online Learning
P2P Accommodation
Ordering Rides Online
Using ID Cards in Online Transactions
E-Governance
Internet Security
E-Skills
ANNEXES
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1. ICT SECTOR: MACROECONOMIC OVERVIEW
ICT Turnover and Structure
ICT Added Value and Share in GDP
Work Productivity in ICT Sector
Employment in ICT Sector
Wages in ICT Sector
Business Demographics in ICT Sector
Export of ICT Goods and Services
Import of ICT Goods and Services
ICT Taxes
Armenia: International Ranking
CHAPTER 2. DEVELOPMENTS IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS SUBSECTOR
Landline Phone Connections in Armenia
Mobile Networks in Armenia
Internet Access in Armenia
Transformation in Telecommunications Subsector
Subsector Development Outlook: Forecasts of Key Players
CHAPTER 3. IT SERVICES SUBSECTOR: CURRENT STATE
IT Services Subsector: Business Demographics & Key Players
Presence of IT Services Companies Overseas
STEM Education in Armenia
Tax Policy in IT Services: Peer Review
Government Support to IT Sector: Best Practices
CHAPTER 4. USE OF ICT BY SMES
Internet Access
Own Website
Use of Email in Business Social Media Presence
Use of Cloud Platforms
E-Commerce
Digital Security
IT Costs
Use of IT in Business
Most Promising Business Functions in Terms of IT Penetration
Communicating with Stakeholders Online
Impact of IT Implementation on SMEs
Inclination to Implement IT: Reasons and Obstacles
CHAPTER 5. USE OF ICT BY HOUSEHOLDS
Use of Internet
Electronic Communication
Access to Information
Political and Civil Activity on the Internet
Listening to Music Online
Internet and Job Seekers
Online Sales
Online Banking
Online Learning
P2P Accommodation
Ordering Rides Online
Using ID Cards in Online Transactions
E-Governance
Internet Security
E-Skills
ANNEXES
LIST OF TABLES
Key Telecom Players
Classification of IT Services Companies
Major Employers in IT Services, End of November 2019
axation of Profit and Dividends in Armenia and U.S.*
apital Gain Taxes
Tax Policy in IT Services
Where to open an IT business? Ukraine, Belarus, Estonia, Russia and Armenia
Number of STEM Students by Curriculum Sub-Group and Degree
Number of STEM Graduates by Curriculum Sub-Group and Degree
Key Telecom Players
Classification of IT Services Companies
Major Employers in IT Services, End of November 2019
axation of Profit and Dividends in Armenia and U.S.*
apital Gain Taxes
Tax Policy in IT Services
Where to open an IT business? Ukraine, Belarus, Estonia, Russia and Armenia
Number of STEM Students by Curriculum Sub-Group and Degree
Number of STEM Graduates by Curriculum Sub-Group and Degree
LIST OF FIGURES
ICT Sector Turnover, 2014-Jan-Sep 2019, According to ArmStat
ICT Sector Turnover 2014-2018, According to EIF
ICT Turnover by Subsectors, 2017-2018 (SRC and ArmStat)
Structure of ICT Sector, 2018
ICT Added Value and Share in GDP, 2018
Share of ICT in GDP in Armenia and Europe (2018 or latest available data)
Dynamics of Average Quarterly Number of Hired Workers in ICT in Armenia, 2016-Q3 2019
Contribution of ICT subsectors to growth in number of hired employment during 2016-2019/IIIquarter
Structure of Hired Labor by Subsectors, September 2019
Number of Hired Workers and Share in Total Employed Workforce in Armenia and Elsewhere, 2018 or Earlier
Work Productivity in ICT in Armenia and Certain European Countries (2018 or latest available data)
Total Salaries in ICT Sector in Armenia, 2016-2018
Average Monthly Salary Per 1 Employee in ICT, 2016-Q3 2019
Distribution of Average Salaries in IT services, January-September 2019
Structure of ICT Businesses by Subsectors, 2018
ICT Services Exports from Armenia as per Balance of Payments, 2014-2018
Exports of ICT Goods from Armenia
Structure of ICT Goods Exports, 2018
Geography of ICT Goods Exports, 2018
ICT Services Exports From Armenia According to EIF, 2014-2018
Geography of ICT Services Exports, 2018
ICT Goods and Services Exports in Armenia and Other Countries (2017)
Imports of ICT Goods and Services, 2014-2018
Taxes Declared by ICT Businesses in 2016-2018, by Type of Tax
Declared Taxes of ICT Businesses By Subsector in 2016-2018
Declared Taxes of ICT Services Subsector (Without Telecommunications) by Type of Tax, 2016-2018
ICT Adoptation (GCI)
Human Capital and Research (GCI)
Business Sophistication (GCI)
Knowledge and Technology Outputs (GCI)
Creative Outputs (GCI)
Dynamics of the Number of Landline Phone Subscribers, 1995-2018
Dynamics of the Number of Mobile Subscribers, 1995-2018
Structure of Armenian Mobile Network
Number of Mobile Subscribers per 100 Population by Countries, 2018
Dynamics of the Number of Broadband Internet Subscribers,2001-2019
Penetration of Fixed Broadband Internet Access in Armenia, Q3 2019
Dynamics of the Number of Internet Subscribers via Smartphones in Armenia, 2012-Q3 2019
Dynamics of the Number of Subscribers Using USB Modems, Routers and Tablets, 2012-Q3 2019
Dynamics of the Number of Secure Internet Servers, 2010-2018
Number of Fixed Broadband Internet Subscribers per 100 Population, 2018
Share of Operators by Internet Subscribers, Q3 2019
Dynamics of Telecommunications Revenue, 2010-2019E
IT Services Businesses by the Number of Employees, Q4 2019
Number of STEM Students in Tertiary Educational Institutions, 2016-2018
Number of STEM Students by Degree, 2016-2018
Number of STEM Graduates, 2016-2018
Internet Access Among SMEs
Type and Speed of Internet Connection
Having Own Website Among SMEs
Website Content Among SMEs (3 Key Elements)
Use of Email for Business by SMEs
Email Use Frequency
Presence of SMEs on Social Media
Use of Social Media Platforms
Purposes of Using Social Media Platforms
Use of Cloud Platforms by SMEs
SMEs in E-Commerce, 2018
Share of E-Commerce in Total Sales
Most Common IT-Related Issues Among SMEs
Use of Unlicensed Software Among SMEs
Use of IT in Business
Satisfaction with Use of IT in Top 5 Business Processes
Top 10 Business Functions to Benefit from IT
Online Dealings with Stakeholders
IT and Duration of Work
Influence of IT on Work
Results of Use of SMEs in Business
Inclination to Adopt IT by Business Location, Sector and Years in Business
Reasons of Use of IT
Obstacles in Using IT in Business
Use of Internet in Armenia
Who are active internet users?
What devices do people use to access internet outside home and work?
Use of Electronic Communication Means Among Adult Population of Armenia
Use of Email by Residence, Gender, Age and Income
Use of VoIP Services by Residence, Gender, Age and Income
Use of Electronic Messaging by Residence, Gender, Age and Income
Use of Social Media by Residence, Gender, Age and Income
Use of Internet to Seek for Information Among Adult Population of Armenia
Share of People Reading News Online by Residence, Gender, Age and Income
Share of People Seeking for Online Information on Healthcare by Residence, Gender, Age and Income
Share of People Seeking for Online Information on Goods and Services by Residence, Gender, Age and Income
Who are the most likely to make posts on civil and political topics on the internet?
Listening to Music Online by Residence, Gender, Age and Income
Who are more likely to look for job online?
Who are more likely to sell goods and services online?
Who are more likely to use internet banking?
Share of Online Learners by Method, Residence, Gender and Age
Share of Users of P2P Accommodation by Residence
Online Ride Ordering by Residence
Online Ride Ordering by Age Groups
Most Common E-Governance Operations
Use of E-Governance Tools by Gender, Age, Residence and Income
Security concerns have limited or prevented from doing the following activities via the Internet
E-Skills Among Adult Population in Armenia
E-Skills by Residence
E-Skills Among Adult Population
ICT Sector Turnover, 2014-Jan-Sep 2019, According to ArmStat
ICT Sector Turnover 2014-2018, According to EIF
ICT Turnover by Subsectors, 2017-2018 (SRC and ArmStat)
Structure of ICT Sector, 2018
ICT Added Value and Share in GDP, 2018
Share of ICT in GDP in Armenia and Europe (2018 or latest available data)
Dynamics of Average Quarterly Number of Hired Workers in ICT in Armenia, 2016-Q3 2019
Contribution of ICT subsectors to growth in number of hired employment during 2016-2019/IIIquarter
Structure of Hired Labor by Subsectors, September 2019
Number of Hired Workers and Share in Total Employed Workforce in Armenia and Elsewhere, 2018 or Earlier
Work Productivity in ICT in Armenia and Certain European Countries (2018 or latest available data)
Total Salaries in ICT Sector in Armenia, 2016-2018
Average Monthly Salary Per 1 Employee in ICT, 2016-Q3 2019
Distribution of Average Salaries in IT services, January-September 2019
Structure of ICT Businesses by Subsectors, 2018
ICT Services Exports from Armenia as per Balance of Payments, 2014-2018
Exports of ICT Goods from Armenia
Structure of ICT Goods Exports, 2018
Geography of ICT Goods Exports, 2018
ICT Services Exports From Armenia According to EIF, 2014-2018
Geography of ICT Services Exports, 2018
ICT Goods and Services Exports in Armenia and Other Countries (2017)
Imports of ICT Goods and Services, 2014-2018
Taxes Declared by ICT Businesses in 2016-2018, by Type of Tax
Declared Taxes of ICT Businesses By Subsector in 2016-2018
Declared Taxes of ICT Services Subsector (Without Telecommunications) by Type of Tax, 2016-2018
ICT Adoptation (GCI)
Human Capital and Research (GCI)
Business Sophistication (GCI)
Knowledge and Technology Outputs (GCI)
Creative Outputs (GCI)
Dynamics of the Number of Landline Phone Subscribers, 1995-2018
Dynamics of the Number of Mobile Subscribers, 1995-2018
Structure of Armenian Mobile Network
Number of Mobile Subscribers per 100 Population by Countries, 2018
Dynamics of the Number of Broadband Internet Subscribers,2001-2019
Penetration of Fixed Broadband Internet Access in Armenia, Q3 2019
Dynamics of the Number of Internet Subscribers via Smartphones in Armenia, 2012-Q3 2019
Dynamics of the Number of Subscribers Using USB Modems, Routers and Tablets, 2012-Q3 2019
Dynamics of the Number of Secure Internet Servers, 2010-2018
Number of Fixed Broadband Internet Subscribers per 100 Population, 2018
Share of Operators by Internet Subscribers, Q3 2019
Dynamics of Telecommunications Revenue, 2010-2019E
IT Services Businesses by the Number of Employees, Q4 2019
Number of STEM Students in Tertiary Educational Institutions, 2016-2018
Number of STEM Students by Degree, 2016-2018
Number of STEM Graduates, 2016-2018
Internet Access Among SMEs
Type and Speed of Internet Connection
Having Own Website Among SMEs
Website Content Among SMEs (3 Key Elements)
Use of Email for Business by SMEs
Email Use Frequency
Presence of SMEs on Social Media
Use of Social Media Platforms
Purposes of Using Social Media Platforms
Use of Cloud Platforms by SMEs
SMEs in E-Commerce, 2018
Share of E-Commerce in Total Sales
Most Common IT-Related Issues Among SMEs
Use of Unlicensed Software Among SMEs
Use of IT in Business
Satisfaction with Use of IT in Top 5 Business Processes
Top 10 Business Functions to Benefit from IT
Online Dealings with Stakeholders
IT and Duration of Work
Influence of IT on Work
Results of Use of SMEs in Business
Inclination to Adopt IT by Business Location, Sector and Years in Business
Reasons of Use of IT
Obstacles in Using IT in Business
Use of Internet in Armenia
Who are active internet users?
What devices do people use to access internet outside home and work?
Use of Electronic Communication Means Among Adult Population of Armenia
Use of Email by Residence, Gender, Age and Income
Use of VoIP Services by Residence, Gender, Age and Income
Use of Electronic Messaging by Residence, Gender, Age and Income
Use of Social Media by Residence, Gender, Age and Income
Use of Internet to Seek for Information Among Adult Population of Armenia
Share of People Reading News Online by Residence, Gender, Age and Income
Share of People Seeking for Online Information on Healthcare by Residence, Gender, Age and Income
Share of People Seeking for Online Information on Goods and Services by Residence, Gender, Age and Income
Who are the most likely to make posts on civil and political topics on the internet?
Listening to Music Online by Residence, Gender, Age and Income
Who are more likely to look for job online?
Who are more likely to sell goods and services online?
Who are more likely to use internet banking?
Share of Online Learners by Method, Residence, Gender and Age
Share of Users of P2P Accommodation by Residence
Online Ride Ordering by Residence
Online Ride Ordering by Age Groups
Most Common E-Governance Operations
Use of E-Governance Tools by Gender, Age, Residence and Income
Security concerns have limited or prevented from doing the following activities via the Internet
E-Skills Among Adult Population in Armenia
E-Skills by Residence
E-Skills Among Adult Population
