Covid-19 contact tracing applications: National strategies in technological terms (Bluetooth, QR Code, GPS) and geostrategic terms (sovereignty, use of data)

June 2020 | 59 pages | ID: C7C035D20F3EEN
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Abstracts

This study contains a survey of the digital contact tracing approaches deployed for COVID-19 all over the world via the benchmark of more than 50 countries (and more than 40 identified initiatives). It also analyses the choices made in the light of the underlying issues (technologies, data protection regulations, the role of private entities).

Contents

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

2. CONTACT TRACING

2.1. Traditional contact tracing
2.2. Digital contact tracing
2.3. Collective contact tracing
2.4. Contact tracing by QR Code
2.5. Contact tracing by GPS
2.6. Contact tracing by decentralised Bluetooth
2.7. Contact tracing by centralised Bluetooth
2.8. Comparison: centralised v. decentralised
2.9. The main Bluetooth protocols
2.10. Comparison: Bluetooth v GPS

3. INITIATIVES ALL OVER THE WORLD

3.1. Overview of digital contact tracing solutions worldwide
3.2. Overview of digital contact tracing solutions in Europe
3.3. Distribution of contact tracing solutions by technology worldwide
3.4. Distribution of contact tracing solutions by technology in Europe
3.5. Summary by technology

4. CASE STUDIES

4.1. Australia
4.2. Austria
4.3. China
4.4. France
4.5. Norway
4.6. Singapore

5. PROSPECTS

5.1. Social limitations of digital contact tracing applications
5.2. Technological and software limitations of digital contact tracing applications
5.3. Legal and security limits of digital contact tracing applications
5.4. European exception legal framework
5.5. Acceptability of contact tracing applications
5.6. Google & Apple API: Exposure Notification

APPENDICES

The European legal framework
Synthesis of contact tracing applications by country

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

2. Contact tracing
  Digital contact tracing solutions
  Entities behind the digital contact tracing initiative
  Operation of collective contact tracing
  Operation of contact tracing by QR Code
  Operation of contact tracing by GPS
  Operation of contact tracing by decentralised Bluetooth
  Operation of contact tracing by centralised Bluetooth
  Comparison of centralised and decentralised Bluetooth systems
  Comparison of the main Bluetooth protocols
  Comparison: Bluetooth versus GPS
3. Initiatives all over the world
  Technology used in the projects surveyed
  Distribution of Bluetooth technology
5. Prospects
  Contact tracing adoption rate in the main countries