Trach Tube -Global Market Status & Trend Report 2013-2023 Top 20 Countries Data
Report Summary
Trach Tube -Global Market Status & Trend Report 2013-2023 Top 20 Countries Data offers a comprehensive analysis on Trach Tube industry, standing on the readers’ perspective, delivering detailed market data in Global major 20 countries and penetrating insights. No matter the client is industry insider, potential entrant or investor, the report will provides useful data and information. Key questions answered by this report include:
Worldwide and Top 20 Countries Market Size of Trach Tube 2013-2017, and development forecast 2018-2023
Main manufacturers/suppliers of Trach Tube worldwide and market share by regions, with company and product introduction, position in the Trach Tube market
Market status and development trend of Trach Tube by types and applications
Cost and profit status of Trach Tube , and marketing status
Market growth drivers and challenges
The report segments the global Trach Tube market as:
Global Trach Tube Market: Regional Segment Analysis (Regional Production Volume, Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate 2013-2023):
North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)
Europe (Germany, UK, France, Italy, Russia, Spain and Benelux)
Asia Pacific (China, Japan, India, Southeast Asia and Australia)
Latin America (Brazil, Argentina and Colombia)
Middle East and Africa
Global Trach Tube Market: Type Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume, Average Price, Revenue, Market Share and Trend 2013-2023):
PVC Tracheostomy Tube
Silicone Rubber Tracheostomy Tube
Other
Global Trach Tube Market: Application Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume and Market Share 2013-2023; Downstream Customers and Market Analysis)
Emergency Treatment
Therapy
Global Trach Tube Market: Manufacturers Segment Analysis (Company and Product introduction, Trach Tube Sales Volume, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin):
Medtronic
Medis Medical
Well Lead
Teleflex Medical
Koken
Smith’s Medical
Sewoon Medical
TRACOE Medical
TuoRen
In a word, the report provides detailed statistics and analysis on the state of the industry; and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market.
Trach Tube -Global Market Status & Trend Report 2013-2023 Top 20 Countries Data offers a comprehensive analysis on Trach Tube industry, standing on the readers’ perspective, delivering detailed market data in Global major 20 countries and penetrating insights. No matter the client is industry insider, potential entrant or investor, the report will provides useful data and information. Key questions answered by this report include:
Worldwide and Top 20 Countries Market Size of Trach Tube 2013-2017, and development forecast 2018-2023
Main manufacturers/suppliers of Trach Tube worldwide and market share by regions, with company and product introduction, position in the Trach Tube market
Market status and development trend of Trach Tube by types and applications
Cost and profit status of Trach Tube , and marketing status
Market growth drivers and challenges
The report segments the global Trach Tube market as:
Global Trach Tube Market: Regional Segment Analysis (Regional Production Volume, Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate 2013-2023):
North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)
Europe (Germany, UK, France, Italy, Russia, Spain and Benelux)
Asia Pacific (China, Japan, India, Southeast Asia and Australia)
Latin America (Brazil, Argentina and Colombia)
Middle East and Africa
Global Trach Tube Market: Type Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume, Average Price, Revenue, Market Share and Trend 2013-2023):
PVC Tracheostomy Tube
Silicone Rubber Tracheostomy Tube
Other
Global Trach Tube Market: Application Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume and Market Share 2013-2023; Downstream Customers and Market Analysis)
Emergency Treatment
Therapy
Global Trach Tube Market: Manufacturers Segment Analysis (Company and Product introduction, Trach Tube Sales Volume, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin):
Medtronic
Medis Medical
Well Lead
Teleflex Medical
Koken
Smith’s Medical
Sewoon Medical
TRACOE Medical
TuoRen
In a word, the report provides detailed statistics and analysis on the state of the industry; and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market.
CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW OF TRACH TUBE
1.1 Definition of Trach Tube in This Report
1.2 Commercial Types of Trach Tube
1.2.1 PVC Tracheostomy Tube
1.2.2 Silicone Rubber Tracheostomy Tube
1.2.3 Other
1.3 Downstream Application of Trach Tube
1.3.1 Emergency Treatment
1.3.2 Therapy
1.4 Development History of Trach Tube
1.5 Market Status and Trend of Trach Tube 2013-2023
1.5.1 Global Trach Tube Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
1.5.2 Regional Trach Tube Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
CHAPTER 2 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY REGIONS
2.1 Market Development of Trach Tube 2013-2017
2.2 Sales Market of Trach Tube by Regions
2.2.1 Sales Volume of Trach Tube by Regions
2.2.2 Sales Value of Trach Tube by Regions
2.3 Production Market of Trach Tube by Regions
2.4 Global Market Forecast of Trach Tube 2018-2023
2.4.1 Global Market Forecast of Trach Tube 2018-2023
2.4.2 Market Forecast of Trach Tube by Regions 2018-2023
CHAPTER 3 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY TYPES
3.1 Sales Volume of Trach Tube by Types
3.2 Sales Value of Trach Tube by Types
3.3 Market Forecast of Trach Tube by Types
CHAPTER 4 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
4.1 Global Sales Volume of Trach Tube by Downstream Industry
4.2 Global Market Forecast of Trach Tube by Downstream Industry
CHAPTER 5 NORTH AMERICA MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
5.1 North America Trach Tube Market Status by Countries
5.1.1 North America Trach Tube Sales by Countries (2013-2017)
5.1.2 North America Trach Tube Revenue by Countries (2013-2017)
5.1.3 United States Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
5.1.4 Canada Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
5.1.5 Mexico Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
5.2 North America Trach Tube Market Status by Manufacturers
5.3 North America Trach Tube Market Status by Type (2013-2017)
5.3.1 North America Trach Tube Sales by Type (2013-2017)
5.3.2 North America Trach Tube Revenue by Type (2013-2017)
5.4 North America Trach Tube Market Status by Downstream Industry (2013-2017)
CHAPTER 6 EUROPE MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
6.1 Europe Trach Tube Market Status by Countries
6.1.1 Europe Trach Tube Sales by Countries (2013-2017)
6.1.2 Europe Trach Tube Revenue by Countries (2013-2017)
6.1.3 Germany Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.4 UK Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.5 France Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.6 Italy Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.7 Russia Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.8 Spain Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.9 Benelux Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
6.2 Europe Trach Tube Market Status by Manufacturers
6.3 Europe Trach Tube Market Status by Type (2013-2017)
6.3.1 Europe Trach Tube Sales by Type (2013-2017)
6.3.2 Europe Trach Tube Revenue by Type (2013-2017)
6.4 Europe Trach Tube Market Status by Downstream Industry (2013-2017)
CHAPTER 7 ASIA PACIFIC MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
7.1 Asia Pacific Trach Tube Market Status by Countries
7.1.1 Asia Pacific Trach Tube Sales by Countries (2013-2017)
7.1.2 Asia Pacific Trach Tube Revenue by Countries (2013-2017)
7.1.3 China Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
7.1.4 Japan Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
7.1.5 India Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
7.1.6 Southeast Asia Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
7.1.7 Australia Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
7.2 Asia Pacific Trach Tube Market Status by Manufacturers
7.3 Asia Pacific Trach Tube Market Status by Type (2013-2017)
7.3.1 Asia Pacific Trach Tube Sales by Type (2013-2017)
7.3.2 Asia Pacific Trach Tube Revenue by Type (2013-2017)
7.4 Asia Pacific Trach Tube Market Status by Downstream Industry (2013-2017)
CHAPTER 8 LATIN AMERICA MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
8.1 Latin America Trach Tube Market Status by Countries
8.1.1 Latin America Trach Tube Sales by Countries (2013-2017)
8.1.2 Latin America Trach Tube Revenue by Countries (2013-2017)
8.1.3 Brazil Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
8.1.4 Argentina Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
8.1.5 Colombia Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
8.2 Latin America Trach Tube Market Status by Manufacturers
8.3 Latin America Trach Tube Market Status by Type (2013-2017)
8.3.1 Latin America Trach Tube Sales by Type (2013-2017)
8.3.2 Latin America Trach Tube Revenue by Type (2013-2017)
8.4 Latin America Trach Tube Market Status by Downstream Industry (2013-2017)
CHAPTER 9 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
9.1 Middle East and Africa Trach Tube Market Status by Countries
9.1.1 Middle East and Africa Trach Tube Sales by Countries (2013-2017)
9.1.2 Middle East and Africa Trach Tube Revenue by Countries (2013-2017)
9.1.3 Middle East Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
9.1.4 Africa Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
9.2 Middle East and Africa Trach Tube Market Status by Manufacturers
9.3 Middle East and Africa Trach Tube Market Status by Type (2013-2017)
9.3.1 Middle East and Africa Trach Tube Sales by Type (2013-2017)
9.3.2 Middle East and Africa Trach Tube Revenue by Type (2013-2017)
9.4 Middle East and Africa Trach Tube Market Status by Downstream Industry (2013-2017)
CHAPTER 10 MARKET DRIVING FACTOR ANALYSIS OF TRACH TUBE
10.1 Global Economy Situation and Trend Overview
10.2 Trach Tube Downstream Industry Situation and Trend Overview
CHAPTER 11 TRACH TUBE MARKET COMPETITION STATUS BY MAJOR MANUFACTURERS
11.1 Production Volume of Trach Tube by Major Manufacturers
11.2 Production Value of Trach Tube by Major Manufacturers
11.3 Basic Information of Trach Tube by Major Manufacturers
11.3.1 Headquarters Location and Established Time of Trach Tube Major Manufacturer
11.3.2 Employees and Revenue Level of Trach Tube Major Manufacturer
11.4 Market Competition News and Trend
11.4.1 Merger, Consolidation or Acquisition News
11.4.2 Investment or Disinvestment News
11.4.3 New Product Development and Launch
CHAPTER 12 TRACH TUBE MAJOR MANUFACTURERS INTRODUCTION AND MARKET DATA
12.1 Medtronic
12.1.1 Company profile
12.1.2 Representative Trach Tube Product
12.1.3 Trach Tube Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Medtronic
12.2 Medis Medical
12.2.1 Company profile
12.2.2 Representative Trach Tube Product
12.2.3 Trach Tube Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Medis Medical
12.3 Well Lead
12.3.1 Company profile
12.3.2 Representative Trach Tube Product
12.3.3 Trach Tube Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Well Lead
12.4 Teleflex Medical
12.4.1 Company profile
12.4.2 Representative Trach Tube Product
12.4.3 Trach Tube Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Teleflex Medical
12.5 Koken
12.5.1 Company profile
12.5.2 Representative Trach Tube Product
12.5.3 Trach Tube Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Koken
12.6 Smith’s Medical
12.6.1 Company profile
12.6.2 Representative Trach Tube Product
12.6.3 Trach Tube Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Smith’s Medical
12.7 Sewoon Medical
12.7.1 Company profile
12.7.2 Representative Trach Tube Product
12.7.3 Trach Tube Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Sewoon Medical
12.8 TRACOE Medical
12.8.1 Company profile
12.8.2 Representative Trach Tube Product
12.8.3 Trach Tube Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of TRACOE Medical
12.9 TuoRen
12.9.1 Company profile
12.9.2 Representative Trach Tube Product
12.9.3 Trach Tube Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of TuoRen
CHAPTER 13 UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM MARKET ANALYSIS OF TRACH TUBE
13.1 Industry Chain of Trach Tube
13.2 Upstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
13.3 Downstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
CHAPTER 14 COST AND GROSS MARGIN ANALYSIS OF TRACH TUBE
14.1 Cost Structure Analysis of Trach Tube
14.2 Raw Materials Cost Analysis of Trach Tube
14.3 Labor Cost Analysis of Trach Tube
14.4 Manufacturing Expenses Analysis of Trach Tube
CHAPTER 15 REPORT CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 16 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND REFERENCE
16.1 Methodology/Research Approach
16.1.1 Research Programs/Design
16.1.2 Market Size Estimation
16.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
16.2 Data Source
16.2.1 Secondary Sources
16.2.2 Primary Sources
16.3 Reference
1.1 Definition of Trach Tube in This Report
1.2 Commercial Types of Trach Tube
1.2.1 PVC Tracheostomy Tube
1.2.2 Silicone Rubber Tracheostomy Tube
1.2.3 Other
1.3 Downstream Application of Trach Tube
1.3.1 Emergency Treatment
1.3.2 Therapy
1.4 Development History of Trach Tube
1.5 Market Status and Trend of Trach Tube 2013-2023
1.5.1 Global Trach Tube Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
1.5.2 Regional Trach Tube Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
CHAPTER 2 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY REGIONS
2.1 Market Development of Trach Tube 2013-2017
2.2 Sales Market of Trach Tube by Regions
2.2.1 Sales Volume of Trach Tube by Regions
2.2.2 Sales Value of Trach Tube by Regions
2.3 Production Market of Trach Tube by Regions
2.4 Global Market Forecast of Trach Tube 2018-2023
2.4.1 Global Market Forecast of Trach Tube 2018-2023
2.4.2 Market Forecast of Trach Tube by Regions 2018-2023
CHAPTER 3 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY TYPES
3.1 Sales Volume of Trach Tube by Types
3.2 Sales Value of Trach Tube by Types
3.3 Market Forecast of Trach Tube by Types
CHAPTER 4 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
4.1 Global Sales Volume of Trach Tube by Downstream Industry
4.2 Global Market Forecast of Trach Tube by Downstream Industry
CHAPTER 5 NORTH AMERICA MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
5.1 North America Trach Tube Market Status by Countries
5.1.1 North America Trach Tube Sales by Countries (2013-2017)
5.1.2 North America Trach Tube Revenue by Countries (2013-2017)
5.1.3 United States Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
5.1.4 Canada Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
5.1.5 Mexico Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
5.2 North America Trach Tube Market Status by Manufacturers
5.3 North America Trach Tube Market Status by Type (2013-2017)
5.3.1 North America Trach Tube Sales by Type (2013-2017)
5.3.2 North America Trach Tube Revenue by Type (2013-2017)
5.4 North America Trach Tube Market Status by Downstream Industry (2013-2017)
CHAPTER 6 EUROPE MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
6.1 Europe Trach Tube Market Status by Countries
6.1.1 Europe Trach Tube Sales by Countries (2013-2017)
6.1.2 Europe Trach Tube Revenue by Countries (2013-2017)
6.1.3 Germany Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.4 UK Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.5 France Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.6 Italy Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.7 Russia Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.8 Spain Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.9 Benelux Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
6.2 Europe Trach Tube Market Status by Manufacturers
6.3 Europe Trach Tube Market Status by Type (2013-2017)
6.3.1 Europe Trach Tube Sales by Type (2013-2017)
6.3.2 Europe Trach Tube Revenue by Type (2013-2017)
6.4 Europe Trach Tube Market Status by Downstream Industry (2013-2017)
CHAPTER 7 ASIA PACIFIC MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
7.1 Asia Pacific Trach Tube Market Status by Countries
7.1.1 Asia Pacific Trach Tube Sales by Countries (2013-2017)
7.1.2 Asia Pacific Trach Tube Revenue by Countries (2013-2017)
7.1.3 China Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
7.1.4 Japan Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
7.1.5 India Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
7.1.6 Southeast Asia Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
7.1.7 Australia Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
7.2 Asia Pacific Trach Tube Market Status by Manufacturers
7.3 Asia Pacific Trach Tube Market Status by Type (2013-2017)
7.3.1 Asia Pacific Trach Tube Sales by Type (2013-2017)
7.3.2 Asia Pacific Trach Tube Revenue by Type (2013-2017)
7.4 Asia Pacific Trach Tube Market Status by Downstream Industry (2013-2017)
CHAPTER 8 LATIN AMERICA MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
8.1 Latin America Trach Tube Market Status by Countries
8.1.1 Latin America Trach Tube Sales by Countries (2013-2017)
8.1.2 Latin America Trach Tube Revenue by Countries (2013-2017)
8.1.3 Brazil Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
8.1.4 Argentina Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
8.1.5 Colombia Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
8.2 Latin America Trach Tube Market Status by Manufacturers
8.3 Latin America Trach Tube Market Status by Type (2013-2017)
8.3.1 Latin America Trach Tube Sales by Type (2013-2017)
8.3.2 Latin America Trach Tube Revenue by Type (2013-2017)
8.4 Latin America Trach Tube Market Status by Downstream Industry (2013-2017)
CHAPTER 9 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
9.1 Middle East and Africa Trach Tube Market Status by Countries
9.1.1 Middle East and Africa Trach Tube Sales by Countries (2013-2017)
9.1.2 Middle East and Africa Trach Tube Revenue by Countries (2013-2017)
9.1.3 Middle East Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
9.1.4 Africa Trach Tube Market Status (2013-2017)
9.2 Middle East and Africa Trach Tube Market Status by Manufacturers
9.3 Middle East and Africa Trach Tube Market Status by Type (2013-2017)
9.3.1 Middle East and Africa Trach Tube Sales by Type (2013-2017)
9.3.2 Middle East and Africa Trach Tube Revenue by Type (2013-2017)
9.4 Middle East and Africa Trach Tube Market Status by Downstream Industry (2013-2017)
CHAPTER 10 MARKET DRIVING FACTOR ANALYSIS OF TRACH TUBE
10.1 Global Economy Situation and Trend Overview
10.2 Trach Tube Downstream Industry Situation and Trend Overview
CHAPTER 11 TRACH TUBE MARKET COMPETITION STATUS BY MAJOR MANUFACTURERS
11.1 Production Volume of Trach Tube by Major Manufacturers
11.2 Production Value of Trach Tube by Major Manufacturers
11.3 Basic Information of Trach Tube by Major Manufacturers
11.3.1 Headquarters Location and Established Time of Trach Tube Major Manufacturer
11.3.2 Employees and Revenue Level of Trach Tube Major Manufacturer
11.4 Market Competition News and Trend
11.4.1 Merger, Consolidation or Acquisition News
11.4.2 Investment or Disinvestment News
11.4.3 New Product Development and Launch
CHAPTER 12 TRACH TUBE MAJOR MANUFACTURERS INTRODUCTION AND MARKET DATA
12.1 Medtronic
12.1.1 Company profile
12.1.2 Representative Trach Tube Product
12.1.3 Trach Tube Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Medtronic
12.2 Medis Medical
12.2.1 Company profile
12.2.2 Representative Trach Tube Product
12.2.3 Trach Tube Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Medis Medical
12.3 Well Lead
12.3.1 Company profile
12.3.2 Representative Trach Tube Product
12.3.3 Trach Tube Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Well Lead
12.4 Teleflex Medical
12.4.1 Company profile
12.4.2 Representative Trach Tube Product
12.4.3 Trach Tube Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Teleflex Medical
12.5 Koken
12.5.1 Company profile
12.5.2 Representative Trach Tube Product
12.5.3 Trach Tube Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Koken
12.6 Smith’s Medical
12.6.1 Company profile
12.6.2 Representative Trach Tube Product
12.6.3 Trach Tube Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Smith’s Medical
12.7 Sewoon Medical
12.7.1 Company profile
12.7.2 Representative Trach Tube Product
12.7.3 Trach Tube Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Sewoon Medical
12.8 TRACOE Medical
12.8.1 Company profile
12.8.2 Representative Trach Tube Product
12.8.3 Trach Tube Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of TRACOE Medical
12.9 TuoRen
12.9.1 Company profile
12.9.2 Representative Trach Tube Product
12.9.3 Trach Tube Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of TuoRen
CHAPTER 13 UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM MARKET ANALYSIS OF TRACH TUBE
13.1 Industry Chain of Trach Tube
13.2 Upstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
13.3 Downstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
CHAPTER 14 COST AND GROSS MARGIN ANALYSIS OF TRACH TUBE
14.1 Cost Structure Analysis of Trach Tube
14.2 Raw Materials Cost Analysis of Trach Tube
14.3 Labor Cost Analysis of Trach Tube
14.4 Manufacturing Expenses Analysis of Trach Tube
CHAPTER 15 REPORT CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 16 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND REFERENCE
16.1 Methodology/Research Approach
16.1.1 Research Programs/Design
16.1.2 Market Size Estimation
16.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
16.2 Data Source
16.2.1 Secondary Sources
16.2.2 Primary Sources
16.3 Reference
