Global Tracheal Tube System Market Research Report 2021-2025
Tracheostomy (tray-key-OS-tuh-me) is a surgically created hole through the front of your neck and into your windpipe (trachea). In the context of China-US trade war and COVID-19 epidemic, it will have a big influence on this market. Tracheal Tube System Report by Material, Application, and Geography – Global Forecast to 2025 is a professional and comprehensive research report on the world’s major regional market conditions, focusing on the main regions (North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific) and the main countries (United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Japan, South Korea and China).
In this report, the global Tracheal Tube System market is valued at USD XX million in 2021 and is projected to reach USD XX million by the end of 2025, growing at a CAGR of XX% during the period 2021 to 2025.
The report firstly introduced the Tracheal Tube System basics: definitions, classifications, applications and market overview; product specifications; manufacturing processes; cost structures, raw materials and so on. Then it analyzed the world’s main region market conditions, including the product price, profit, capacity, production, supply, demand and market growth rate and forecast etc. In the end, the report introduced new project SWOT analysis, investment feasibility analysis, and investment return analysis.
The major players profiled in this report include:
Company A
The end users/applications and product categories analysis:
On the basis of product, this report displays the sales volume, revenue (Million USD), product price, market share and growth rate of each type, primarily split into-
General Type
On the basis on the end users/applications, this report focuses on the status and outlook for major applications/end users, sales volume, market share and growth rate of Tracheal Tube System for each application, including-
Hospitals
In this report, the global Tracheal Tube System market is valued at USD XX million in 2021 and is projected to reach USD XX million by the end of 2025, growing at a CAGR of XX% during the period 2021 to 2025.
The report firstly introduced the Tracheal Tube System basics: definitions, classifications, applications and market overview; product specifications; manufacturing processes; cost structures, raw materials and so on. Then it analyzed the world’s main region market conditions, including the product price, profit, capacity, production, supply, demand and market growth rate and forecast etc. In the end, the report introduced new project SWOT analysis, investment feasibility analysis, and investment return analysis.
The major players profiled in this report include:
Company A
The end users/applications and product categories analysis:
On the basis of product, this report displays the sales volume, revenue (Million USD), product price, market share and growth rate of each type, primarily split into-
General Type
On the basis on the end users/applications, this report focuses on the status and outlook for major applications/end users, sales volume, market share and growth rate of Tracheal Tube System for each application, including-
Hospitals
PART I TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
CHAPTER ONE TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
1.1 Tracheal Tube System Definition
1.2 Tracheal Tube System Classification Analysis
1.2.1 Tracheal Tube System Main Classification Analysis
1.2.2 Tracheal Tube System Main Classification Share Analysis
1.3 Tracheal Tube System Application Analysis
1.3.1 Tracheal Tube System Main Application Analysis
1.3.2 Tracheal Tube System Main Application Share Analysis
1.4 Tracheal Tube System Industry Chain Structure Analysis
1.5 Tracheal Tube System Industry Development Overview
1.5.1 Tracheal Tube System Product History Development Overview
1.5.1 Tracheal Tube System Product Market Development Overview
1.6 Tracheal Tube System Global Market Comparison Analysis
1.6.1 Tracheal Tube System Global Import Market Analysis
1.6.2 Tracheal Tube System Global Export Market Analysis
1.6.3 Tracheal Tube System Global Main Region Market Analysis
1.6.4 Tracheal Tube System Global Market Comparison Analysis
1.6.5 Tracheal Tube System Global Market Development Trend Analysis
CHAPTER TWO TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM UP AND DOWN STREAM INDUSTRY ANALYSIS
2.1 Upstream Raw Materials Analysis
2.1.1 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost
2.1.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure of Tracheal Tube System Analysis
2.2 Down Stream Market Analysis
2.2.1 Down Stream Market Analysis
2.2.2 Down Stream Demand Analysis
2.2.3 Down Stream Market Trend Analysis
PART II ASIA TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY (THE REPORT COMPANY INCLUDING THE BELOW LISTED BUT NOT ALL)
CHAPTER THREE ASIA TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM MARKET ANALYSIS
3.1 Asia Tracheal Tube System Product Development History
3.2 Asia Tracheal Tube System Competitive Landscape Analysis
3.3 Asia Tracheal Tube System Market Development Trend
CHAPTER FOUR 2016-2021 ASIA TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
4.1 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Production Overview
4.2 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Production Market Share Analysis
4.3 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Demand Overview
4.4 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Supply Demand and Shortage
4.5 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Import Export Consumption
4.6 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER FIVE ASIA TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM KEY MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS
5.1 Company A
5.1.1 Company Profile
5.1.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.1.3 Product Application Analysis
5.1.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.1.5 Contact Information
5.2 Company B
5.2.1 Company Profile
5.2.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.2.3 Product Application Analysis
5.2.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.2.5 Contact Information
5.3 Company C
5.3.1 Company Profile
5.3.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.3.3 Product Application Analysis
5.3.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.3.5 Contact Information
5.4 Company D
5.4.1 Company Profile
5.4.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.4.3 Product Application Analysis
5.4.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.4.5 Contact Information
CHAPTER SIX ASIA TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
6.1 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Production Overview
6.2 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Production Market Share Analysis
6.3 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Demand Overview
6.4 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Supply Demand and Shortage
6.5 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Import Export Consumption
6.6 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
PART III NORTH AMERICAN TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY (THE REPORT COMPANY INCLUDING THE BELOW LISTED BUT NOT ALL)
CHAPTER SEVEN NORTH AMERICAN TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM MARKET ANALYSIS
7.1 North American Tracheal Tube System Product Development History
7.2 North American Tracheal Tube System Competitive Landscape Analysis
7.3 North American Tracheal Tube System Market Development Trend
CHAPTER EIGHT 2016-2021 NORTH AMERICAN TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
8.1 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Production Overview
8.2 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Production Market Share Analysis
8.3 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Demand Overview
8.4 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Supply Demand and Shortage
8.5 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Import Export Consumption
8.6 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER NINE NORTH AMERICAN TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM KEY MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS
9.1 Company A
9.1.1 Company Profile
9.1.2 Product Picture and Specification
9.1.3 Product Application Analysis
9.1.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
9.1.5 Contact Information
9.2 Company B
9.2.1 Company Profile
9.2.2 Product Picture and Specification
9.2.3 Product Application Analysis
9.2.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
9.2.5 Contact Information
CHAPTER TEN NORTH AMERICAN TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
10.1 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Production Overview
10.2 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Production Market Share Analysis
10.3 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Demand Overview
10.4 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Supply Demand and Shortage
10.5 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Import Export Consumption
10.6 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
PART IV EUROPE TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY ANALYSIS (THE REPORT COMPANY INCLUDING THE BELOW LISTED BUT NOT ALL)
CHAPTER ELEVEN EUROPE TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM MARKET ANALYSIS
11.1 Europe Tracheal Tube System Product Development History
11.2 Europe Tracheal Tube System Competitive Landscape Analysis
11.3 Europe Tracheal Tube System Market Development Trend
CHAPTER TWELVE 2016-2021 EUROPE TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
12.1 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Production Overview
12.2 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Production Market Share Analysis
12.3 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Demand Overview
12.4 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Supply Demand and Shortage
12.5 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Import Export Consumption
12.6 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER THIRTEEN EUROPE TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM KEY MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS
13.1 Company A
13.1.1 Company Profile
13.1.2 Product Picture and Specification
13.1.3 Product Application Analysis
13.1.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
13.1.5 Contact Information
13.2 Company B
13.2.1 Company Profile
13.2.2 Product Picture and Specification
13.2.3 Product Application Analysis
13.2.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
13.2.5 Contact Information
CHAPTER FOURTEEN EUROPE TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
14.1 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Production Overview
14.2 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Production Market Share Analysis
14.3 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Demand Overview
14.4 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Supply Demand and Shortage
14.5 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Import Export Consumption
14.6 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
PART V TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM MARKETING CHANNELS AND INVESTMENT FEASIBILITY
CHAPTER FIFTEEN TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM MARKETING CHANNELS DEVELOPMENT PROPOSALS ANALYSIS
15.1 Tracheal Tube System Marketing Channels Status
15.2 Tracheal Tube System Marketing Channels Characteristic
15.3 Tracheal Tube System Marketing Channels Development Trend
15.2 New Firms Enter Market Strategy
15.3 New Project Investment Proposals
CHAPTER SIXTEEN DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
16.1 China Macroeconomic Environment Analysis
16.2 European Economic Environmental Analysis
16.3 United States Economic Environmental Analysis
16.4 Japan Economic Environmental Analysis
16.5 Global Economic Environmental Analysis
CHAPTER SEVENTEEN TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM NEW PROJECT INVESTMENT FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS
17.1 Tracheal Tube System Market Analysis
17.2 Tracheal Tube System Project SWOT Analysis
17.3 Tracheal Tube System New Project Investment Feasibility Analysis
PART VI GLOBAL TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER EIGHTEEN 2016-2021 GLOBAL TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
18.1 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Production Overview
18.2 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Production Market Share Analysis
18.3 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Demand Overview
18.4 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Supply Demand and Shortage
18.5 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Import Export Consumption
18.6 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER NINETEEN GLOBAL TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
19.1 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Production Overview
19.2 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Production Market Share Analysis
19.3 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Demand Overview
19.4 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Supply Demand and Shortage
19.5 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Import Export Consumption
19.6 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER TWENTY GLOBAL TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY RESEARCH CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER ONE TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
1.1 Tracheal Tube System Definition
1.2 Tracheal Tube System Classification Analysis
1.2.1 Tracheal Tube System Main Classification Analysis
1.2.2 Tracheal Tube System Main Classification Share Analysis
1.3 Tracheal Tube System Application Analysis
1.3.1 Tracheal Tube System Main Application Analysis
1.3.2 Tracheal Tube System Main Application Share Analysis
1.4 Tracheal Tube System Industry Chain Structure Analysis
1.5 Tracheal Tube System Industry Development Overview
1.5.1 Tracheal Tube System Product History Development Overview
1.5.1 Tracheal Tube System Product Market Development Overview
1.6 Tracheal Tube System Global Market Comparison Analysis
1.6.1 Tracheal Tube System Global Import Market Analysis
1.6.2 Tracheal Tube System Global Export Market Analysis
1.6.3 Tracheal Tube System Global Main Region Market Analysis
1.6.4 Tracheal Tube System Global Market Comparison Analysis
1.6.5 Tracheal Tube System Global Market Development Trend Analysis
CHAPTER TWO TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM UP AND DOWN STREAM INDUSTRY ANALYSIS
2.1 Upstream Raw Materials Analysis
2.1.1 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost
2.1.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure of Tracheal Tube System Analysis
2.2 Down Stream Market Analysis
2.2.1 Down Stream Market Analysis
2.2.2 Down Stream Demand Analysis
2.2.3 Down Stream Market Trend Analysis
PART II ASIA TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY (THE REPORT COMPANY INCLUDING THE BELOW LISTED BUT NOT ALL)
CHAPTER THREE ASIA TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM MARKET ANALYSIS
3.1 Asia Tracheal Tube System Product Development History
3.2 Asia Tracheal Tube System Competitive Landscape Analysis
3.3 Asia Tracheal Tube System Market Development Trend
CHAPTER FOUR 2016-2021 ASIA TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
4.1 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Production Overview
4.2 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Production Market Share Analysis
4.3 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Demand Overview
4.4 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Supply Demand and Shortage
4.5 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Import Export Consumption
4.6 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER FIVE ASIA TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM KEY MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS
5.1 Company A
5.1.1 Company Profile
5.1.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.1.3 Product Application Analysis
5.1.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.1.5 Contact Information
5.2 Company B
5.2.1 Company Profile
5.2.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.2.3 Product Application Analysis
5.2.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.2.5 Contact Information
5.3 Company C
5.3.1 Company Profile
5.3.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.3.3 Product Application Analysis
5.3.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.3.5 Contact Information
5.4 Company D
5.4.1 Company Profile
5.4.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.4.3 Product Application Analysis
5.4.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.4.5 Contact Information
CHAPTER SIX ASIA TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
6.1 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Production Overview
6.2 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Production Market Share Analysis
6.3 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Demand Overview
6.4 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Supply Demand and Shortage
6.5 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Import Export Consumption
6.6 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
PART III NORTH AMERICAN TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY (THE REPORT COMPANY INCLUDING THE BELOW LISTED BUT NOT ALL)
CHAPTER SEVEN NORTH AMERICAN TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM MARKET ANALYSIS
7.1 North American Tracheal Tube System Product Development History
7.2 North American Tracheal Tube System Competitive Landscape Analysis
7.3 North American Tracheal Tube System Market Development Trend
CHAPTER EIGHT 2016-2021 NORTH AMERICAN TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
8.1 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Production Overview
8.2 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Production Market Share Analysis
8.3 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Demand Overview
8.4 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Supply Demand and Shortage
8.5 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Import Export Consumption
8.6 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER NINE NORTH AMERICAN TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM KEY MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS
9.1 Company A
9.1.1 Company Profile
9.1.2 Product Picture and Specification
9.1.3 Product Application Analysis
9.1.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
9.1.5 Contact Information
9.2 Company B
9.2.1 Company Profile
9.2.2 Product Picture and Specification
9.2.3 Product Application Analysis
9.2.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
9.2.5 Contact Information
CHAPTER TEN NORTH AMERICAN TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
10.1 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Production Overview
10.2 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Production Market Share Analysis
10.3 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Demand Overview
10.4 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Supply Demand and Shortage
10.5 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Import Export Consumption
10.6 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
PART IV EUROPE TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY ANALYSIS (THE REPORT COMPANY INCLUDING THE BELOW LISTED BUT NOT ALL)
CHAPTER ELEVEN EUROPE TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM MARKET ANALYSIS
11.1 Europe Tracheal Tube System Product Development History
11.2 Europe Tracheal Tube System Competitive Landscape Analysis
11.3 Europe Tracheal Tube System Market Development Trend
CHAPTER TWELVE 2016-2021 EUROPE TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
12.1 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Production Overview
12.2 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Production Market Share Analysis
12.3 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Demand Overview
12.4 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Supply Demand and Shortage
12.5 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Import Export Consumption
12.6 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER THIRTEEN EUROPE TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM KEY MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS
13.1 Company A
13.1.1 Company Profile
13.1.2 Product Picture and Specification
13.1.3 Product Application Analysis
13.1.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
13.1.5 Contact Information
13.2 Company B
13.2.1 Company Profile
13.2.2 Product Picture and Specification
13.2.3 Product Application Analysis
13.2.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
13.2.5 Contact Information
CHAPTER FOURTEEN EUROPE TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
14.1 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Production Overview
14.2 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Production Market Share Analysis
14.3 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Demand Overview
14.4 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Supply Demand and Shortage
14.5 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Import Export Consumption
14.6 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
PART V TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM MARKETING CHANNELS AND INVESTMENT FEASIBILITY
CHAPTER FIFTEEN TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM MARKETING CHANNELS DEVELOPMENT PROPOSALS ANALYSIS
15.1 Tracheal Tube System Marketing Channels Status
15.2 Tracheal Tube System Marketing Channels Characteristic
15.3 Tracheal Tube System Marketing Channels Development Trend
15.2 New Firms Enter Market Strategy
15.3 New Project Investment Proposals
CHAPTER SIXTEEN DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
16.1 China Macroeconomic Environment Analysis
16.2 European Economic Environmental Analysis
16.3 United States Economic Environmental Analysis
16.4 Japan Economic Environmental Analysis
16.5 Global Economic Environmental Analysis
CHAPTER SEVENTEEN TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM NEW PROJECT INVESTMENT FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS
17.1 Tracheal Tube System Market Analysis
17.2 Tracheal Tube System Project SWOT Analysis
17.3 Tracheal Tube System New Project Investment Feasibility Analysis
PART VI GLOBAL TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER EIGHTEEN 2016-2021 GLOBAL TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
18.1 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Production Overview
18.2 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Production Market Share Analysis
18.3 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Demand Overview
18.4 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Supply Demand and Shortage
18.5 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Import Export Consumption
18.6 2016-2021 Tracheal Tube System Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER NINETEEN GLOBAL TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
19.1 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Production Overview
19.2 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Production Market Share Analysis
19.3 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Demand Overview
19.4 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Supply Demand and Shortage
19.5 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Import Export Consumption
19.6 2021-2025 Tracheal Tube System Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER TWENTY GLOBAL TRACHEAL TUBE SYSTEM INDUSTRY RESEARCH CONCLUSIONS
