Quantum Technologies: Investment Landscape and Global Market 2025-2045
The quantum technology sector is experiencing unprecedented growth, propelled by substantial venture capital investments and robust government support. In 2024, global deal value in quantum computing surpassed $1 billion for the first time. Quantum Technologies: Investment Landscape and Global Market 2025-2045 provides an in-depth analysis of the rapidly evolving quantum technology sector, covering revolutionary developments across quantum computing, communications, sensing, and materials. As the world transitions from the first quantum revolution to the second, this report delivers crucial insights into market dynamics, investment trends, and technological roadmaps that will shape the next two decades of quantum innovation.
The quantum technology market is experiencing unprecedented growth, with global investments reaching record levels between 2020-2025. This detailed analysis tracks funding patterns across different technology segments, companies, and regions, highlighting North America's dominant position while noting significant developments in Asia and Europe's quantum ecosystems. Government initiatives worldwide are catalyzing market expansion through strategic funding programs that aim to secure technological sovereignty in this critical domain. Quantum computing stands at the forefront of this revolution, with competing architectures including superconducting qubits, trapped ions, silicon spin qubits, topological approaches, photonic systems, and neutral atom designs. The report provides comprehensive technical evaluations of each approach, including SWOT analyses, coherence times, and key market players developing these technologies. Beyond hardware, the thriving quantum software ecosystem is analyzed, including cloud-based Quantum Computing as a Service (QCaaS) platforms that are making quantum capabilities accessible to enterprises.
The market applications section explores how quantum technologies are transforming industries, from pharmaceutical drug discovery and chemical simulation to transportation optimization and financial modeling. The report identifies early adopters and potential breakthrough use cases, providing strategic intelligence for businesses looking to gain competitive advantages through quantum technologies.
Quantum communications represent another critical segment, with detailed coverage of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), Quantum Random Number Generators (QRNG), and post-quantum cryptography solutions addressing the growing threat to current encryption methods. The development of quantum networks and the quantum internet receives special attention, examining infrastructure requirements, technical approaches, and global deployment initiatives. The quantum sensing market shows particular near-term promise, with the report analyzing advances in atomic clocks, quantum magnetometers, gravimeters, gyroscopes, and emerging applications in imaging, radar, and RF sensing. Each technology is evaluated for its disruptive potential across sectors including healthcare, defense, navigation, and resource exploration.
Looking further ahead, the report examines emerging technologies like quantum batteries and the specialized materials underpinning quantum systems, including superconductors, nanomaterials, and advanced photonics. The comprehensive global market analysis provides revenue forecasts from 2025 to 2045, segmented by technology type and geographic region, with particular attention to high-growth segments.
With nearly 300 detailed company profiles covering the entire quantum ecosystem from established tech giants to innovative startups, this report serves as an essential resource for investors, corporate strategists, government agencies, and technology developers navigating the quantum revolution. The analysis identifies key challenges to market adoption, including technical hurdles, standardization needs, and talent shortages, while providing a clear roadmap of opportunities as quantum technologies mature from research to commercial deployment.
Report Contents include:
Investment Landscape Analysis:
Total market investments from 2012-2025
Breakdown by technology, company, and region
Detailed analysis of North American, Asian, and European quantum markets
Global government initiatives and funding programs
Quantum Computing:
Comprehensive technology description and operating principles
Comparison between classical and quantum computing approaches
Detailed analysis of competing qubit technologies (superconducting, trapped ion, silicon spin, topological, photonic, neutral atom, diamond-defect)
Quantum software stack, algorithms, and cloud services
Industry applications in pharmaceuticals, chemicals, transportation, and financial services
Quantum Chemistry and AI:
Technology description and applications
Market challenges and opportunities
Key players and technology roadmap
Quantum Communications:
Quantum Random Number Generators (QRNG) - principles, applications, market players
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) - protocols, security advantages, challenges
Post-quantum cryptography standardization and transition
Quantum networks infrastructure, trusted nodes, and global deployment initiatives
Quantum memory and internet development roadmap
Quantum Sensors:
Detailed analysis of atomic clocks, magnetic field sensors, gravimeters, gyroscopes
Quantum imaging, radar, chemical sensors, and RF field sensors
Application-specific adoption timelines across industries
Technology transition milestones and market opportunities
Quantum Batteries:
Technology principles, types, and potential applications
Market challenges and development roadmap
Materials for Quantum Technologies:
Superconductors, photonics, silicon photonics, and nanomaterials
Opportunities and technical requirements
Global Market Analysis:
Market map and ecosystem overview
Detailed investment funding analysis (VC, M&A, corporate, government)
Revenue forecasts from 2018-2045 for quantum computing, sensors, and QKD systems
Company Profiles:
Detailed profiles of nearly 300 companies across the quantum technology landscape
Analysis of startups, tech giants, and public-private partnerships. Companies profiled include A* Quantum, AbaQus, Absolut System, Adaptive Finance Technologies, Aegiq, Agnostiq GmbH, Algorithmiq Oy, Airbus, Alea Quantum, Alpine Quantum Technologies GmbH (AQT), Alice&Bob, Aliro Quantum, Anametric Inc., Anyon Systems Inc., Aqarios GmbH, Aquark Technologies, Archer Materials, Arclight Quantum, Arctic Instruments, Arqit Quantum Inc., ARQUE Systems GmbH, Artificial Brain, Artilux, Atlantic Quantum, Atom Computing, Atom Quantum Labs, Atomionics, Atos Quantum, Baidu Inc., BEIT, Bleximo, BlueQubit, Bohr Quantum Technology, Bosch Quantum Sensing, BosonQ Ps, C12 Quantum Electronics, Cambridge Quantum Computing (CQC), CAS Cold Atom, Cerca Magnetics, CEW Systems Canada Inc., Chipiron, Chiral Nano AG, Classiq Technologies, ColibriTD, Covesion, Crypta Labs Ltd., CryptoNext Security, Crystal Quantum Computing, D-Wave Systems, Dirac, Diraq, Delft Circuits, Delta g, Duality Quantum Photonics, EeroQ, eleQtron, Element Six, Elyah, Entropica Labs, Ephos, Equal1.labs, EuQlid, Groove Quantum, EvolutionQ, Exail Quantum Sensors, EYL, First Quantum Inc., Fujitsu, Genesis Quantum Technology, Good Chemistry, Google Quantum AI, g2-Zero, Haiqu, Hefei Wanzheng Quantum Technology Co. Ltd., High Q Technologies Inc., Horizon Quantum Computing, HQS Quantum Simulations, HRL, Huayi Quantum, IBM, Icarus Quantum, Icosa Computing, ID Quantique, InfinityQ, Infineon Technologies AG, Infleqtion, Intel, IonQ, ISARA Corporation, IQM Quantum Computers, JiJ, JoS QUANTUM GmbH, KEEQuant GmbH, KETS Quantum Security, Ki3 Photonics, Kipu Quantum, Kiutra GmbH, Kuano Limited, Kvantify, levelQuantum, Ligentec, LQUOM, Lux Quanta, M Squared Lasers, Mag4Health, Materials Nexus, Maybell Quantum Industries, memQ, Menlo Systems GmbH, Menten AI, Mesa Quantum, Microsoft, Miraex, Molecular Quantum Solutions, Montana Instruments, Multiverse Computing, Mycryofirm, Nanofiber Quantum Technologies, NEC Corporation, Neuranics, Next Generation Quantum, Nomad Atomics, Nord Quantique, Nordic Quantum Computing Group AS, NTT, Nu Quantum, NVision, 1Qbit, ORCA Computing, Orange Quantum Systems and many others representing the complete ecosystem from hardware manufacturers to software developers, component suppliers, and quantum service providers.
The quantum technology market is experiencing unprecedented growth, with global investments reaching record levels between 2020-2025. This detailed analysis tracks funding patterns across different technology segments, companies, and regions, highlighting North America's dominant position while noting significant developments in Asia and Europe's quantum ecosystems. Government initiatives worldwide are catalyzing market expansion through strategic funding programs that aim to secure technological sovereignty in this critical domain. Quantum computing stands at the forefront of this revolution, with competing architectures including superconducting qubits, trapped ions, silicon spin qubits, topological approaches, photonic systems, and neutral atom designs. The report provides comprehensive technical evaluations of each approach, including SWOT analyses, coherence times, and key market players developing these technologies. Beyond hardware, the thriving quantum software ecosystem is analyzed, including cloud-based Quantum Computing as a Service (QCaaS) platforms that are making quantum capabilities accessible to enterprises.
The market applications section explores how quantum technologies are transforming industries, from pharmaceutical drug discovery and chemical simulation to transportation optimization and financial modeling. The report identifies early adopters and potential breakthrough use cases, providing strategic intelligence for businesses looking to gain competitive advantages through quantum technologies.
Quantum communications represent another critical segment, with detailed coverage of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), Quantum Random Number Generators (QRNG), and post-quantum cryptography solutions addressing the growing threat to current encryption methods. The development of quantum networks and the quantum internet receives special attention, examining infrastructure requirements, technical approaches, and global deployment initiatives. The quantum sensing market shows particular near-term promise, with the report analyzing advances in atomic clocks, quantum magnetometers, gravimeters, gyroscopes, and emerging applications in imaging, radar, and RF sensing. Each technology is evaluated for its disruptive potential across sectors including healthcare, defense, navigation, and resource exploration.
Looking further ahead, the report examines emerging technologies like quantum batteries and the specialized materials underpinning quantum systems, including superconductors, nanomaterials, and advanced photonics. The comprehensive global market analysis provides revenue forecasts from 2025 to 2045, segmented by technology type and geographic region, with particular attention to high-growth segments.
With nearly 300 detailed company profiles covering the entire quantum ecosystem from established tech giants to innovative startups, this report serves as an essential resource for investors, corporate strategists, government agencies, and technology developers navigating the quantum revolution. The analysis identifies key challenges to market adoption, including technical hurdles, standardization needs, and talent shortages, while providing a clear roadmap of opportunities as quantum technologies mature from research to commercial deployment.
Report Contents include:
Investment Landscape Analysis:
Total market investments from 2012-2025
Breakdown by technology, company, and region
Detailed analysis of North American, Asian, and European quantum markets
Global government initiatives and funding programs
Quantum Computing:
Comprehensive technology description and operating principles
Comparison between classical and quantum computing approaches
Detailed analysis of competing qubit technologies (superconducting, trapped ion, silicon spin, topological, photonic, neutral atom, diamond-defect)
Quantum software stack, algorithms, and cloud services
Industry applications in pharmaceuticals, chemicals, transportation, and financial services
Quantum Chemistry and AI:
Technology description and applications
Market challenges and opportunities
Key players and technology roadmap
Quantum Communications:
Quantum Random Number Generators (QRNG) - principles, applications, market players
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) - protocols, security advantages, challenges
Post-quantum cryptography standardization and transition
Quantum networks infrastructure, trusted nodes, and global deployment initiatives
Quantum memory and internet development roadmap
Quantum Sensors:
Detailed analysis of atomic clocks, magnetic field sensors, gravimeters, gyroscopes
Quantum imaging, radar, chemical sensors, and RF field sensors
Application-specific adoption timelines across industries
Technology transition milestones and market opportunities
Quantum Batteries:
Technology principles, types, and potential applications
Market challenges and development roadmap
Materials for Quantum Technologies:
Superconductors, photonics, silicon photonics, and nanomaterials
Opportunities and technical requirements
Global Market Analysis:
Market map and ecosystem overview
Detailed investment funding analysis (VC, M&A, corporate, government)
Revenue forecasts from 2018-2045 for quantum computing, sensors, and QKD systems
Company Profiles:
Detailed profiles of nearly 300 companies across the quantum technology landscape
Analysis of startups, tech giants, and public-private partnerships. Companies profiled include A* Quantum, AbaQus, Absolut System, Adaptive Finance Technologies, Aegiq, Agnostiq GmbH, Algorithmiq Oy, Airbus, Alea Quantum, Alpine Quantum Technologies GmbH (AQT), Alice&Bob, Aliro Quantum, Anametric Inc., Anyon Systems Inc., Aqarios GmbH, Aquark Technologies, Archer Materials, Arclight Quantum, Arctic Instruments, Arqit Quantum Inc., ARQUE Systems GmbH, Artificial Brain, Artilux, Atlantic Quantum, Atom Computing, Atom Quantum Labs, Atomionics, Atos Quantum, Baidu Inc., BEIT, Bleximo, BlueQubit, Bohr Quantum Technology, Bosch Quantum Sensing, BosonQ Ps, C12 Quantum Electronics, Cambridge Quantum Computing (CQC), CAS Cold Atom, Cerca Magnetics, CEW Systems Canada Inc., Chipiron, Chiral Nano AG, Classiq Technologies, ColibriTD, Covesion, Crypta Labs Ltd., CryptoNext Security, Crystal Quantum Computing, D-Wave Systems, Dirac, Diraq, Delft Circuits, Delta g, Duality Quantum Photonics, EeroQ, eleQtron, Element Six, Elyah, Entropica Labs, Ephos, Equal1.labs, EuQlid, Groove Quantum, EvolutionQ, Exail Quantum Sensors, EYL, First Quantum Inc., Fujitsu, Genesis Quantum Technology, Good Chemistry, Google Quantum AI, g2-Zero, Haiqu, Hefei Wanzheng Quantum Technology Co. Ltd., High Q Technologies Inc., Horizon Quantum Computing, HQS Quantum Simulations, HRL, Huayi Quantum, IBM, Icarus Quantum, Icosa Computing, ID Quantique, InfinityQ, Infineon Technologies AG, Infleqtion, Intel, IonQ, ISARA Corporation, IQM Quantum Computers, JiJ, JoS QUANTUM GmbH, KEEQuant GmbH, KETS Quantum Security, Ki3 Photonics, Kipu Quantum, Kiutra GmbH, Kuano Limited, Kvantify, levelQuantum, Ligentec, LQUOM, Lux Quanta, M Squared Lasers, Mag4Health, Materials Nexus, Maybell Quantum Industries, memQ, Menlo Systems GmbH, Menten AI, Mesa Quantum, Microsoft, Miraex, Molecular Quantum Solutions, Montana Instruments, Multiverse Computing, Mycryofirm, Nanofiber Quantum Technologies, NEC Corporation, Neuranics, Next Generation Quantum, Nomad Atomics, Nord Quantique, Nordic Quantum Computing Group AS, NTT, Nu Quantum, NVision, 1Qbit, ORCA Computing, Orange Quantum Systems and many others representing the complete ecosystem from hardware manufacturers to software developers, component suppliers, and quantum service providers.
1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1.1 First and second quantum revolutions
1.2 Current quantum technology market landscape
1.2.1 Key developments
1.3 Quantum Technologies Investment Landscape
1.3.1 Total market investments 2012-2025
1.3.2 By technology
1.3.3 By company
1.3.4 By region
1.3.4.1 The Quantum Market in North America
1.3.4.2 The Quantum Market in Asia
1.3.4.3 The Quantum Market in Europe
1.4 Global government initiatives and funding
1.5 Market developments 2020-2025
1.6 Challenges for quantum technologies adoption
2 QUANTUM COMPUTING
2.1 What is quantum computing?
2.1.1 Operating principle
2.1.2 Classical vs quantum computing
2.1.3 Quantum computing technology
2.1.3.1 Quantum emulators
2.1.3.2 Quantum inspired computing
2.1.3.3 Quantum annealing computers
2.1.3.4 Quantum simulators
2.1.3.5 Digital quantum computers
2.1.3.6 Continuous variables quantum computers
2.1.3.7 Measurement Based Quantum Computing (MBQC)
2.1.3.8 Topological quantum computing
2.1.3.9 Quantum Accelerator
2.1.4 Competition from other technologies
2.1.5 Quantum algorithms
2.1.5.1 Quantum Software Stack
2.1.5.2 Quantum Machine Learning
2.1.5.3 Quantum Simulation
2.1.5.4 Quantum Optimization
2.1.5.5 Quantum Cryptography
2.1.5.5.1 Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)
2.1.5.5.2 Post-Quantum Cryptography
2.1.6 Hardware
2.1.6.1 Qubit Technologies
2.1.6.1.1 Superconducting Qubits
2.1.6.1.1.1 Technology description
2.1.6.1.1.2 Materials
2.1.6.1.1.3 Market players
2.1.6.1.1.4 Swot analysis
2.1.6.1.2 Trapped Ion Qubits
2.1.6.1.2.1 Technology description
2.1.6.1.2.2 Materials
2.1.6.1.2.2.1 Integrating optical components
2.1.6.1.2.2.2 Incorporating high-quality mirrors and optical cavities
2.1.6.1.2.2.3 Engineering the vacuum packaging and encapsulation
2.1.6.1.2.2.4 Removal of waste heat
2.1.6.1.2.3 Market players
2.1.6.1.2.4 Swot analysis
2.1.6.1.3 Silicon Spin Qubits
2.1.6.1.3.1 Technology description
2.1.6.1.3.2 Quantum dots
2.1.6.1.3.3 Market players
2.1.6.1.3.4 SWOT analysis
2.1.6.1.4 Topological Qubits
2.1.6.1.4.1 Technology description
2.1.6.1.4.1.1 Cryogenic cooling
2.1.6.1.4.2 Market players
2.1.6.1.4.3 SWOT analysis
2.1.6.1.5 Photonic Qubits
2.1.6.1.5.1 Technology description
2.1.6.1.5.2 Market players
2.1.6.1.5.3 Swot analysis
2.1.6.1.6 Neutral atom (cold atom) qubits
2.1.6.1.6.1 Technology description
2.1.6.1.6.2 Market players
2.1.6.1.6.3 Swot analysis
2.1.6.1.7 Diamond-defect qubits
2.1.6.1.7.1 Technology description
2.1.6.1.7.2 SWOT analysis
2.1.6.1.7.3 Market players
2.1.6.1.8 Quantum annealers
2.1.6.1.8.1 Technology description
2.1.6.1.8.2 SWOT analysis
2.1.6.1.8.3 Market players
2.1.6.2 Architectural Approaches
2.1.7 Software
2.1.7.1 Technology description
2.1.7.2 Cloud-based services- QCaaS (Quantum Computing as a Service).
2.1.7.3 Market players
2.2 Market challenges
2.3 SWOT analysis
2.4 Quantum computing value chain
2.5 Markets and applications for quantum computing
2.5.1 Pharmaceuticals
2.5.1.1 Market overview
2.5.1.1.1 Drug discovery
2.5.1.1.2 Diagnostics
2.5.1.1.3 Molecular simulations
2.5.1.1.4 Genomics
2.5.1.1.5 Proteins and RNA folding
2.5.1.2 Market players
2.5.2 Chemicals
2.5.2.1 Market overview
2.5.2.2 Market players
2.5.3 Transportation
2.5.3.1 Market overview
2.5.3.2 Market players
2.5.4 Financial services
2.5.4.1 Market overview
2.5.4.2 Market players
2.6 Opportunity analysis
2.7 Technology roadmap
3 QUANTUM CHEMISTRY AND ARTIFICAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)
3.1 Technology description
3.2 Applications
3.3 SWOT analysis
3.4 Market challenges
3.5 Market players
3.6 Opportunity analysis
3.7 Technology roadmap
4 QUANTUM COMMUNICATIONS
4.1 Technology description
4.2 Types
4.3 Applications
4.4 Quantum Random Numbers Generators (QRNG)
4.4.1 Overview
4.4.2 Applications
4.4.2.1 Encryption for Data Centers
4.4.2.2 Consumer Electronics
4.4.2.3 Automotive/Connected Vehicle
4.4.2.4 Gambling and Gaming
4.4.2.5 Monte Carlo Simulations
4.4.3 Advantages
4.4.4 Principle of Operation of Optical QRNG Technology
4.4.5 Non-optical approaches to QRNG technology
4.4.6 SWOT Analysis
4.5 Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)
4.5.1 Overview
4.5.2 Asymmetric and Symmetric Keys
4.5.3 Principle behind QKD
4.5.4 Why is QKD More Secure Than Other Key Exchange Mechanisms?
4.5.5 Discrete Variable vs. Continuous Variable QKD Protocols
4.5.6 Key Players
4.5.7 Challenges
4.5.8 SWOT Analysis
4.6 Post-quantum cryptography (PQC)
4.6.1 Overview
4.6.2 Security systems integration
4.6.3 PQC standardization
4.6.4 Transitioning cryptographic systems to PQC
4.6.5 Market players
4.6.6 SWOT Analysis
4.7 Quantum homomorphic cryptography
4.8 Quantum Teleportation
4.9 Quantum Networks
4.9.1 Overview
4.9.2 Advantages
4.9.3 Role of Trusted Nodes and Trusted Relays
4.9.4 Entanglement Swapping and Optical Switches
4.9.5 Multiplexing quantum signals with classical channels in the O-band
4.9.5.1 Wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) and time-division multiplexing (TDM)
4.9.6 Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution (TF-QKD)
4.9.7 Enabling global-scale quantum communication
4.9.8 Advanced optical fibers and interconnects
4.9.9 Photodetectors in quantum networks
4.9.9.1 Avalanche photodetectors (APDs)
4.9.9.2 Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs)
4.9.9.3 Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs)
4.9.10 Cryostats
4.9.10.1 Cryostat architectures
4.9.11 Infrastructure requirements
4.9.12 Global activity
4.9.12.1 China
4.9.12.2 Europe
4.9.12.3 The Netherlands
4.9.12.4 The United Kingdom
4.9.12.5 US
4.9.12.6 Japan
4.9.13 SWOT analysis
4.10 Quantum Memory
4.11 Quantum Internet
4.12 Market challenges
4.13 Market players
4.14 Opportunity analysis
4.15 Technology roadmap
5 QUANTUM SENSORS
5.1 Technology description
5.1.1 Quantum Sensing Principles
5.1.2 SWOT analysis
5.1.3 Atomic Clocks
5.1.3.1 High frequency oscillators
5.1.3.1.1 Emerging oscillators
5.1.3.2 Caesium atoms
5.1.3.3 Self-calibration
5.1.3.4 Optical atomic clocks
5.1.3.4.1 Chip-scale optical clocks
5.1.3.5 Companies
5.1.3.6 SWOT analysis
5.1.4 Quantum Magnetic Field Sensors
5.1.4.1 Introduction
5.1.4.2 Motivation for use
5.1.4.3 Market opportunity
5.1.4.4 Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (Squids)
5.1.4.4.1 Applications
5.1.4.4.2 Key players
5.1.4.4.3 SWOT analysis
5.1.4.5 Optically Pumped Magnetometers (OPMs)
5.1.4.5.1 Applications
5.1.4.5.2 Key players
5.1.4.5.3 SWOT analysis
5.1.4.6 Tunneling Magneto Resistance Sensors (TMRs)
5.1.4.6.1 Applications
5.1.4.6.2 Key players
5.1.4.6.3 SWOT analysis
5.1.4.7 Nitrogen Vacancy Centers (N-V Centers)
5.1.4.7.1 Applications
5.1.4.7.2 Key players
5.1.4.7.3 SWOT analysis
5.1.5 Quantum Gravimeters
5.1.5.1 Technology description
5.1.5.2 Applications
5.1.5.3 Key players
5.1.5.4 SWOT analysis
5.1.6 Quantum Gyroscopes
5.1.6.1 Technology description
5.1.6.1.1 Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs)
5.1.6.1.2 Atomic quantum gyroscopes
5.1.6.2 Applications
5.1.6.3 Key players
5.1.6.4 SWOT analysis
5.1.7 Quantum Image Sensors
5.1.7.1 Technology description
5.1.7.2 Applications
5.1.7.3 SWOT analysis
5.1.7.4 Key players
5.1.8 Quantum Radar
5.1.8.1 Technology description
5.1.8.2 Applications
5.1.9 Quantum Chemical Sensors
5.1.9.1 Technology overview
5.1.9.2 Commercial activities
5.1.10 Quantum Radio Frequency Field Sensors
5.1.10.1 Overview
5.1.10.2 Rydberg Atom Based Electric Field Sensors and Radio Receivers
5.1.10.2.1 Principles
5.1.10.2.2 Commercialization
5.1.10.3 Nitrogen-Vacancy Centre Diamond Electric Field Sensors and Radio Receivers
5.1.10.3.1 Principles
5.1.10.3.2 Applications
5.1.10.4 Market
5.1.11 Quantum NEM and MEMs
5.1.11.1 Technology description
5.2 Market and technology challenges
5.3 Opportunity analysis
5.4 Technology roadmap
6 QUANTUM BATTERIES
6.1 Technology description
6.2 Types
6.3 Applications
6.4 SWOT analysis
6.5 Market challenges
6.6 Market players
6.7 Opportunity analysis
6.8 Technology roadmap
7 MATERIALS FOR QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES
7.1 Superconductors
7.1.1 Overview
7.1.2 Types and Properties
7.1.3 Opportunities
7.2 Photonics, Silicon Photonics and Optical Components
7.2.1 Overview
7.2.2 Types and Properties
7.2.3 Opportunities
7.3 Nanomaterials
7.3.1 Overview
7.3.2 Types and Properties
7.3.3 Opportunities
8 GLOBAL MARKET ANALYSIS
8.1 Market map
8.2 Key industry players
8.2.1 Start-ups
8.2.2 Tech Giants
8.2.3 National Initiatives
8.3 Investment funding
8.3.1 Venture Capital
8.3.2 M&A
8.3.3 Corporate Investment
8.3.4 Government Funding
8.4 Global market revenues 2018-2045
8.4.1 Quantum computing
8.4.2 Quantum Sensors
8.4.3 QKD systems
9 COMPANY PROFILES 274 (289 COMPANY PROFILES)
10 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
11 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
12 REFERENCES
1.1 First and second quantum revolutions
1.2 Current quantum technology market landscape
1.2.1 Key developments
1.3 Quantum Technologies Investment Landscape
1.3.1 Total market investments 2012-2025
1.3.2 By technology
1.3.3 By company
1.3.4 By region
1.3.4.1 The Quantum Market in North America
1.3.4.2 The Quantum Market in Asia
1.3.4.3 The Quantum Market in Europe
1.4 Global government initiatives and funding
1.5 Market developments 2020-2025
1.6 Challenges for quantum technologies adoption
2 QUANTUM COMPUTING
2.1 What is quantum computing?
2.1.1 Operating principle
2.1.2 Classical vs quantum computing
2.1.3 Quantum computing technology
2.1.3.1 Quantum emulators
2.1.3.2 Quantum inspired computing
2.1.3.3 Quantum annealing computers
2.1.3.4 Quantum simulators
2.1.3.5 Digital quantum computers
2.1.3.6 Continuous variables quantum computers
2.1.3.7 Measurement Based Quantum Computing (MBQC)
2.1.3.8 Topological quantum computing
2.1.3.9 Quantum Accelerator
2.1.4 Competition from other technologies
2.1.5 Quantum algorithms
2.1.5.1 Quantum Software Stack
2.1.5.2 Quantum Machine Learning
2.1.5.3 Quantum Simulation
2.1.5.4 Quantum Optimization
2.1.5.5 Quantum Cryptography
2.1.5.5.1 Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)
2.1.5.5.2 Post-Quantum Cryptography
2.1.6 Hardware
2.1.6.1 Qubit Technologies
2.1.6.1.1 Superconducting Qubits
2.1.6.1.1.1 Technology description
2.1.6.1.1.2 Materials
2.1.6.1.1.3 Market players
2.1.6.1.1.4 Swot analysis
2.1.6.1.2 Trapped Ion Qubits
2.1.6.1.2.1 Technology description
2.1.6.1.2.2 Materials
2.1.6.1.2.2.1 Integrating optical components
2.1.6.1.2.2.2 Incorporating high-quality mirrors and optical cavities
2.1.6.1.2.2.3 Engineering the vacuum packaging and encapsulation
2.1.6.1.2.2.4 Removal of waste heat
2.1.6.1.2.3 Market players
2.1.6.1.2.4 Swot analysis
2.1.6.1.3 Silicon Spin Qubits
2.1.6.1.3.1 Technology description
2.1.6.1.3.2 Quantum dots
2.1.6.1.3.3 Market players
2.1.6.1.3.4 SWOT analysis
2.1.6.1.4 Topological Qubits
2.1.6.1.4.1 Technology description
2.1.6.1.4.1.1 Cryogenic cooling
2.1.6.1.4.2 Market players
2.1.6.1.4.3 SWOT analysis
2.1.6.1.5 Photonic Qubits
2.1.6.1.5.1 Technology description
2.1.6.1.5.2 Market players
2.1.6.1.5.3 Swot analysis
2.1.6.1.6 Neutral atom (cold atom) qubits
2.1.6.1.6.1 Technology description
2.1.6.1.6.2 Market players
2.1.6.1.6.3 Swot analysis
2.1.6.1.7 Diamond-defect qubits
2.1.6.1.7.1 Technology description
2.1.6.1.7.2 SWOT analysis
2.1.6.1.7.3 Market players
2.1.6.1.8 Quantum annealers
2.1.6.1.8.1 Technology description
2.1.6.1.8.2 SWOT analysis
2.1.6.1.8.3 Market players
2.1.6.2 Architectural Approaches
2.1.7 Software
2.1.7.1 Technology description
2.1.7.2 Cloud-based services- QCaaS (Quantum Computing as a Service).
2.1.7.3 Market players
2.2 Market challenges
2.3 SWOT analysis
2.4 Quantum computing value chain
2.5 Markets and applications for quantum computing
2.5.1 Pharmaceuticals
2.5.1.1 Market overview
2.5.1.1.1 Drug discovery
2.5.1.1.2 Diagnostics
2.5.1.1.3 Molecular simulations
2.5.1.1.4 Genomics
2.5.1.1.5 Proteins and RNA folding
2.5.1.2 Market players
2.5.2 Chemicals
2.5.2.1 Market overview
2.5.2.2 Market players
2.5.3 Transportation
2.5.3.1 Market overview
2.5.3.2 Market players
2.5.4 Financial services
2.5.4.1 Market overview
2.5.4.2 Market players
2.6 Opportunity analysis
2.7 Technology roadmap
3 QUANTUM CHEMISTRY AND ARTIFICAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)
3.1 Technology description
3.2 Applications
3.3 SWOT analysis
3.4 Market challenges
3.5 Market players
3.6 Opportunity analysis
3.7 Technology roadmap
4 QUANTUM COMMUNICATIONS
4.1 Technology description
4.2 Types
4.3 Applications
4.4 Quantum Random Numbers Generators (QRNG)
4.4.1 Overview
4.4.2 Applications
4.4.2.1 Encryption for Data Centers
4.4.2.2 Consumer Electronics
4.4.2.3 Automotive/Connected Vehicle
4.4.2.4 Gambling and Gaming
4.4.2.5 Monte Carlo Simulations
4.4.3 Advantages
4.4.4 Principle of Operation of Optical QRNG Technology
4.4.5 Non-optical approaches to QRNG technology
4.4.6 SWOT Analysis
4.5 Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)
4.5.1 Overview
4.5.2 Asymmetric and Symmetric Keys
4.5.3 Principle behind QKD
4.5.4 Why is QKD More Secure Than Other Key Exchange Mechanisms?
4.5.5 Discrete Variable vs. Continuous Variable QKD Protocols
4.5.6 Key Players
4.5.7 Challenges
4.5.8 SWOT Analysis
4.6 Post-quantum cryptography (PQC)
4.6.1 Overview
4.6.2 Security systems integration
4.6.3 PQC standardization
4.6.4 Transitioning cryptographic systems to PQC
4.6.5 Market players
4.6.6 SWOT Analysis
4.7 Quantum homomorphic cryptography
4.8 Quantum Teleportation
4.9 Quantum Networks
4.9.1 Overview
4.9.2 Advantages
4.9.3 Role of Trusted Nodes and Trusted Relays
4.9.4 Entanglement Swapping and Optical Switches
4.9.5 Multiplexing quantum signals with classical channels in the O-band
4.9.5.1 Wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) and time-division multiplexing (TDM)
4.9.6 Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution (TF-QKD)
4.9.7 Enabling global-scale quantum communication
4.9.8 Advanced optical fibers and interconnects
4.9.9 Photodetectors in quantum networks
4.9.9.1 Avalanche photodetectors (APDs)
4.9.9.2 Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs)
4.9.9.3 Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs)
4.9.10 Cryostats
4.9.10.1 Cryostat architectures
4.9.11 Infrastructure requirements
4.9.12 Global activity
4.9.12.1 China
4.9.12.2 Europe
4.9.12.3 The Netherlands
4.9.12.4 The United Kingdom
4.9.12.5 US
4.9.12.6 Japan
4.9.13 SWOT analysis
4.10 Quantum Memory
4.11 Quantum Internet
4.12 Market challenges
4.13 Market players
4.14 Opportunity analysis
4.15 Technology roadmap
5 QUANTUM SENSORS
5.1 Technology description
5.1.1 Quantum Sensing Principles
5.1.2 SWOT analysis
5.1.3 Atomic Clocks
5.1.3.1 High frequency oscillators
5.1.3.1.1 Emerging oscillators
5.1.3.2 Caesium atoms
5.1.3.3 Self-calibration
5.1.3.4 Optical atomic clocks
5.1.3.4.1 Chip-scale optical clocks
5.1.3.5 Companies
5.1.3.6 SWOT analysis
5.1.4 Quantum Magnetic Field Sensors
5.1.4.1 Introduction
5.1.4.2 Motivation for use
5.1.4.3 Market opportunity
5.1.4.4 Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (Squids)
5.1.4.4.1 Applications
5.1.4.4.2 Key players
5.1.4.4.3 SWOT analysis
5.1.4.5 Optically Pumped Magnetometers (OPMs)
5.1.4.5.1 Applications
5.1.4.5.2 Key players
5.1.4.5.3 SWOT analysis
5.1.4.6 Tunneling Magneto Resistance Sensors (TMRs)
5.1.4.6.1 Applications
5.1.4.6.2 Key players
5.1.4.6.3 SWOT analysis
5.1.4.7 Nitrogen Vacancy Centers (N-V Centers)
5.1.4.7.1 Applications
5.1.4.7.2 Key players
5.1.4.7.3 SWOT analysis
5.1.5 Quantum Gravimeters
5.1.5.1 Technology description
5.1.5.2 Applications
5.1.5.3 Key players
5.1.5.4 SWOT analysis
5.1.6 Quantum Gyroscopes
5.1.6.1 Technology description
5.1.6.1.1 Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs)
5.1.6.1.2 Atomic quantum gyroscopes
5.1.6.2 Applications
5.1.6.3 Key players
5.1.6.4 SWOT analysis
5.1.7 Quantum Image Sensors
5.1.7.1 Technology description
5.1.7.2 Applications
5.1.7.3 SWOT analysis
5.1.7.4 Key players
5.1.8 Quantum Radar
5.1.8.1 Technology description
5.1.8.2 Applications
5.1.9 Quantum Chemical Sensors
5.1.9.1 Technology overview
5.1.9.2 Commercial activities
5.1.10 Quantum Radio Frequency Field Sensors
5.1.10.1 Overview
5.1.10.2 Rydberg Atom Based Electric Field Sensors and Radio Receivers
5.1.10.2.1 Principles
5.1.10.2.2 Commercialization
5.1.10.3 Nitrogen-Vacancy Centre Diamond Electric Field Sensors and Radio Receivers
5.1.10.3.1 Principles
5.1.10.3.2 Applications
5.1.10.4 Market
5.1.11 Quantum NEM and MEMs
5.1.11.1 Technology description
5.2 Market and technology challenges
5.3 Opportunity analysis
5.4 Technology roadmap
6 QUANTUM BATTERIES
6.1 Technology description
6.2 Types
6.3 Applications
6.4 SWOT analysis
6.5 Market challenges
6.6 Market players
6.7 Opportunity analysis
6.8 Technology roadmap
7 MATERIALS FOR QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES
7.1 Superconductors
7.1.1 Overview
7.1.2 Types and Properties
7.1.3 Opportunities
7.2 Photonics, Silicon Photonics and Optical Components
7.2.1 Overview
7.2.2 Types and Properties
7.2.3 Opportunities
7.3 Nanomaterials
7.3.1 Overview
7.3.2 Types and Properties
7.3.3 Opportunities
8 GLOBAL MARKET ANALYSIS
8.1 Market map
8.2 Key industry players
8.2.1 Start-ups
8.2.2 Tech Giants
8.2.3 National Initiatives
8.3 Investment funding
8.3.1 Venture Capital
8.3.2 M&A
8.3.3 Corporate Investment
8.3.4 Government Funding
8.4 Global market revenues 2018-2045
8.4.1 Quantum computing
8.4.2 Quantum Sensors
8.4.3 QKD systems
9 COMPANY PROFILES 274 (289 COMPANY PROFILES)
10 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
11 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
12 REFERENCES
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. First and second quantum revolutions.
Table 2. Quantum Technology Funding 2022-2025, by company.
Table 3. Global government initiatives in quantum technologies.
Table 4. Quantum technologies market developments 2020-2025.
Table 5. Challenges for quantum technologies adoption.
Table 6. Applications for quantum computing
Table 7. Comparison of classical versus quantum computing.
Table 8. Key quantum mechanical phenomena utilized in quantum computing.
Table 9. Types of quantum computers.
Table 10. Comparative analysis of quantum computing with classical computing, quantum-inspired computing, and neuromorphic computing.
Table 11. Different computing paradigms beyond conventional CMOS.
Table 12. Applications of quantum algorithms.
Table 13. QML approaches.
Table 14. Coherence times for different qubit implementations.
Table 15. Superconducting qubit market players.
Table 16. Initialization, manipulation and readout for trapped ion quantum computers.
Table 17. Ion trap market players.
Table 18. Initialization, manipulation, and readout methods for silicon-spin qubits.
Table 19. Silicon spin qubits market players.
Table 20. Initialization, manipulation and readout of topological qubits.
Table 21. Topological qubits market players.
Table 22. Pros and cons of photon qubits.
Table 23. Comparison of photon polarization and squeezed states.
Table 24. Initialization, manipulation and readout of photonic platform quantum computers.
Table 25. Photonic qubit market players.
Table 26. Initialization, manipulation and readout for neutral-atom quantum computers.
Table 27. Pros and cons of cold atoms quantum computers and simulators
Table 28. Neural atom qubit market players.
Table 29. Initialization, manipulation and readout of Diamond-Defect Spin-Based Computing.
Table 30. Key materials for developing diamond-defect spin-based quantum computers.
Table 31. Diamond-defect qubits market players.
Table 32. Pros and cons of quantum annealers.
Table 33. Quantum annealers market players.
Table 34. Quantum computing software market players.
Table 35. Market challenges in quantum computing.
Table 36. Quantum computing value chain.
Table 37. Markets and applications for quantum computing.
Table 38. Market players in quantum technologies for pharmaceuticals.
Table 39. Market players in quantum computing for chemicals.
Table 40. Automotive applications of quantum computing,
Table 41. Market players in quantum computing for transportation.
Table 42. Market players in quantum computing for financial services
Table 43. Market opportunities in quantum computing.
Table 44. Applications in quantum chemistry and artificial intelligence (AI).
Table 45. Market challenges in quantum chemistry and Artificial Intelligence (AI).
Table 46. Market players in quantum chemistry and AI.
Table 43. Market opportunities in quantum chemistry and AI.
Table 47. Main types of quantum communications.
Table 48. Applications in quantum communications.
Table 49. QRNG applications.
Table 50. Key Players Developing QRNG Products.
Table 51. Optical QRNG by company.
Table 52. Market players in post-quantum cryptography.
Table 53. Market challenges in quantum communications.
Table 54. Market players in quantum communications.
Table 43. Market opportunities in quantum communications.
Table 55. Comparison between classical and quantum sensors.
Table 56. Applications in quantum sensors.
Table 57. Technology approaches for enabling quantum sensing
Table 58. Value proposition for quantum sensors.
Table 59. Key challenges and limitations of quartz crystal clocks vs. atomic clocks.
Table 60. New modalities being researched to improve the fractional uncertainty of atomic clocks.
Table 61. Companies developing high-precision quantum time measurement
Table 62. Key players in atomic clocks.
Table 63. Comparative analysis of key performance parameters and metrics of magnetic field sensors.
Table 64. Types of magnetic field sensors.
Table 65. Market opportunity for different types of quantum magnetic field sensors.
Table 66. Applications of SQUIDs.
Table 67. Market opportunities for SQUIDs (Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices).
Table 68. Key players in SQUIDs.
Table 69. Applications of optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs).
Table 70. Key players in Optically Pumped Magnetometers (OPMs).
Table 71. Applications for TMR (Tunneling Magnetoresistance) sensors.
Table 72. Market players in TMR (Tunneling Magnetoresistance) sensors.
Table 73. Applications of N-V center magnetic field centers
Table 74. Key players in N-V center magnetic field sensors.
Table 75. Applications of quantum gravimeters
Table 76. Comparative table between quantum gravity sensing and some other technologies commonly used for underground mapping.
Table 77. Key players in quantum gravimeters.
Table 78. Comparison of quantum gyroscopes with MEMs gyroscopes and optical gyroscopes.
Table 79. Markets and applications for quantum gyroscopes.
Table 80. Key players in quantum gyroscopes.
Table 81. Types of quantum image sensors and their key features/.
Table 82. Applications of quantum image sensors.
Table 83. Key players in quantum image sensors.
Table 84. Comparison of quantum radar versus conventional radar and lidar technologies.
Table 85. Applications of quantum radar.
Table 86. Value Proposition of Quantum RF Sensors
Table 87. Types of Quantum RF Sensors
Table 88. Markets for Quantum RF Sensors
Table 89. Technology Transition Milestones.
Table 90. Application-Specific Adoption Timeline
Table 91. Market and technology challenges in quantum sensing.
Table 43. Market opportunities in quantum sensors.
Table 92. Comparison between quantum batteries and other conventional battery types.
Table 93. Types of quantum batteries.
Table 94. Applications of quantum batteries.
Table 95. Market challenges in quantum batteries.
Table 96. Market players in quantum batteries.
Table 43. Market opportunities in quantum batteries.
Table 97. Materials in Quantum Technology.
Table 98. Superconductors in quantum technology.
Table 99. Photonics, silicon photonics and optics in quantum technology.
Table 100. Nanomaterials in quantum technology.
Table 101. Quantum technologies investment funding.
Table 102. Top funded quantum technology companies.
Table 103. Global market for quantum computing-Hardware, Software & Services, 2023-2045 (billions USD).
Table 104. Markets for quantum sensors, by types, 2018-2045 (Millions USD).
Table 105. Markets for QKD systems, 2018-2045 (Millions USD).
Table 1. First and second quantum revolutions.
Table 2. Quantum Technology Funding 2022-2025, by company.
Table 3. Global government initiatives in quantum technologies.
Table 4. Quantum technologies market developments 2020-2025.
Table 5. Challenges for quantum technologies adoption.
Table 6. Applications for quantum computing
Table 7. Comparison of classical versus quantum computing.
Table 8. Key quantum mechanical phenomena utilized in quantum computing.
Table 9. Types of quantum computers.
Table 10. Comparative analysis of quantum computing with classical computing, quantum-inspired computing, and neuromorphic computing.
Table 11. Different computing paradigms beyond conventional CMOS.
Table 12. Applications of quantum algorithms.
Table 13. QML approaches.
Table 14. Coherence times for different qubit implementations.
Table 15. Superconducting qubit market players.
Table 16. Initialization, manipulation and readout for trapped ion quantum computers.
Table 17. Ion trap market players.
Table 18. Initialization, manipulation, and readout methods for silicon-spin qubits.
Table 19. Silicon spin qubits market players.
Table 20. Initialization, manipulation and readout of topological qubits.
Table 21. Topological qubits market players.
Table 22. Pros and cons of photon qubits.
Table 23. Comparison of photon polarization and squeezed states.
Table 24. Initialization, manipulation and readout of photonic platform quantum computers.
Table 25. Photonic qubit market players.
Table 26. Initialization, manipulation and readout for neutral-atom quantum computers.
Table 27. Pros and cons of cold atoms quantum computers and simulators
Table 28. Neural atom qubit market players.
Table 29. Initialization, manipulation and readout of Diamond-Defect Spin-Based Computing.
Table 30. Key materials for developing diamond-defect spin-based quantum computers.
Table 31. Diamond-defect qubits market players.
Table 32. Pros and cons of quantum annealers.
Table 33. Quantum annealers market players.
Table 34. Quantum computing software market players.
Table 35. Market challenges in quantum computing.
Table 36. Quantum computing value chain.
Table 37. Markets and applications for quantum computing.
Table 38. Market players in quantum technologies for pharmaceuticals.
Table 39. Market players in quantum computing for chemicals.
Table 40. Automotive applications of quantum computing,
Table 41. Market players in quantum computing for transportation.
Table 42. Market players in quantum computing for financial services
Table 43. Market opportunities in quantum computing.
Table 44. Applications in quantum chemistry and artificial intelligence (AI).
Table 45. Market challenges in quantum chemistry and Artificial Intelligence (AI).
Table 46. Market players in quantum chemistry and AI.
Table 43. Market opportunities in quantum chemistry and AI.
Table 47. Main types of quantum communications.
Table 48. Applications in quantum communications.
Table 49. QRNG applications.
Table 50. Key Players Developing QRNG Products.
Table 51. Optical QRNG by company.
Table 52. Market players in post-quantum cryptography.
Table 53. Market challenges in quantum communications.
Table 54. Market players in quantum communications.
Table 43. Market opportunities in quantum communications.
Table 55. Comparison between classical and quantum sensors.
Table 56. Applications in quantum sensors.
Table 57. Technology approaches for enabling quantum sensing
Table 58. Value proposition for quantum sensors.
Table 59. Key challenges and limitations of quartz crystal clocks vs. atomic clocks.
Table 60. New modalities being researched to improve the fractional uncertainty of atomic clocks.
Table 61. Companies developing high-precision quantum time measurement
Table 62. Key players in atomic clocks.
Table 63. Comparative analysis of key performance parameters and metrics of magnetic field sensors.
Table 64. Types of magnetic field sensors.
Table 65. Market opportunity for different types of quantum magnetic field sensors.
Table 66. Applications of SQUIDs.
Table 67. Market opportunities for SQUIDs (Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices).
Table 68. Key players in SQUIDs.
Table 69. Applications of optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs).
Table 70. Key players in Optically Pumped Magnetometers (OPMs).
Table 71. Applications for TMR (Tunneling Magnetoresistance) sensors.
Table 72. Market players in TMR (Tunneling Magnetoresistance) sensors.
Table 73. Applications of N-V center magnetic field centers
Table 74. Key players in N-V center magnetic field sensors.
Table 75. Applications of quantum gravimeters
Table 76. Comparative table between quantum gravity sensing and some other technologies commonly used for underground mapping.
Table 77. Key players in quantum gravimeters.
Table 78. Comparison of quantum gyroscopes with MEMs gyroscopes and optical gyroscopes.
Table 79. Markets and applications for quantum gyroscopes.
Table 80. Key players in quantum gyroscopes.
Table 81. Types of quantum image sensors and their key features/.
Table 82. Applications of quantum image sensors.
Table 83. Key players in quantum image sensors.
Table 84. Comparison of quantum radar versus conventional radar and lidar technologies.
Table 85. Applications of quantum radar.
Table 86. Value Proposition of Quantum RF Sensors
Table 87. Types of Quantum RF Sensors
Table 88. Markets for Quantum RF Sensors
Table 89. Technology Transition Milestones.
Table 90. Application-Specific Adoption Timeline
Table 91. Market and technology challenges in quantum sensing.
Table 43. Market opportunities in quantum sensors.
Table 92. Comparison between quantum batteries and other conventional battery types.
Table 93. Types of quantum batteries.
Table 94. Applications of quantum batteries.
Table 95. Market challenges in quantum batteries.
Table 96. Market players in quantum batteries.
Table 43. Market opportunities in quantum batteries.
Table 97. Materials in Quantum Technology.
Table 98. Superconductors in quantum technology.
Table 99. Photonics, silicon photonics and optics in quantum technology.
Table 100. Nanomaterials in quantum technology.
Table 101. Quantum technologies investment funding.
Table 102. Top funded quantum technology companies.
Table 103. Global market for quantum computing-Hardware, Software & Services, 2023-2045 (billions USD).
Table 104. Markets for quantum sensors, by types, 2018-2045 (Millions USD).
Table 105. Markets for QKD systems, 2018-2045 (Millions USD).
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Quantum computing development timeline.
Figure 2.Quantum Technology investments 2012-2025 (millions USD), total.
Figure 3. Quantum Technology investments 2012-2025 (millions USD), by technology.
Figure 4. Quantum Technology investments 2012-2025 (millions USD), by region.
Figure 5. National quantum initiatives and funding.
Figure 6. Quantum computing architectures.
Figure 7. An early design of an IBM 7-qubit chip based on superconducting technology.
Figure 8. Various 2D to 3D chips integration techniques into chiplets.
Figure 9. IBM Q System One quantum computer.
Figure 10. Unconventional computing approaches.
Figure 11. 53-qubit Sycamore processor.
Figure 12. Interior of IBM quantum computing system. The quantum chip is located in the small dark square at center bottom.
Figure 13. Superconducting quantum computer.
Figure 14. Superconducting quantum computer schematic.
Figure 15. Components and materials used in a superconducting qubit.
Figure 16. SWOT analysis for superconducting quantum computers:.
Figure 17. Ion-trap quantum computer.
Figure 18. Various ways to trap ions
Figure 19. Universal Quantum’s shuttling ion architecture in their Penning traps.
Figure 20. SWOT analysis for trapped-ion quantum computing.
Figure 21. CMOS silicon spin qubit.
Figure 22. Silicon quantum dot qubits.
Figure 23. SWOT analysis for silicon spin quantum computers.
Figure 24. SWOT analysis for topological qubits
Figure 25 . SWOT analysis for photonic quantum computers.
Figure 26. Neutral atoms (green dots) arranged in various configurations
Figure 27. SWOT analysis for neutral-atom quantum computers.
Figure 28. NV center components.
Figure 29. SWOT analysis for diamond-defect quantum computers.
Figure 30. D-Wave quantum annealer.
Figure 31. SWOT analysis for quantum annealers.
Figure 32. Quantum software development platforms.
Figure 33. SWOT analysis for quantum computing.
Figure 34. Technology roadmap for quantum computing 2025-2045.
Figure 35. SWOT analysis for quantum chemistry and AI.
Figure 34. Technology roadmap for quantum chemistry and AI 2025-2045.
Figure 36. IDQ quantum number generators.
Figure 37. SWOT Analysis of Quantum Random Number Generator Technology.
Figure 38. SWOT Analysis of Quantum Key Distribution Technology.
Figure 39. SWOT Analysis: Post Quantum Cryptography (PQC).
Figure 40. SWOT analysis for networks.
Figure 34. Technology roadmap for quantum communications 2025-2045.
Figure 41. Q.ANT quantum particle sensor.
Figure 42. SWOT analysis for quantum sensors market.
Figure 43. NIST's compact optical clock.
Figure 44. SWOT analysis for atomic clocks.
Figure 45.Principle of SQUID magnetometer.
Figure 46. SWOT analysis for SQUIDS.
Figure 47. SWOT analysis for OPMs
Figure 48. Tunneling magnetoresistance mechanism and TMR ratio formats.
Figure 49. SWOT analysis for TMR (Tunneling Magnetoresistance) sensors.
Figure 50. SWOT analysis for N-V Center Magnetic Field Sensors.
Figure 51. Quantum Gravimeter.
Figure 52. SWOT analysis for Quantum Gravimeters.
Figure 53. SWOT analysis for Quantum Gyroscopes.
Figure 54. SWOT analysis for Quantum image sensing.
Figure 55. Principle of quantum radar.
Figure 56. Illustration of a quantum radar prototype.
Figure 57. Quantum RF Sensors Market Roadmap (2023-2045).
Figure 34. Technology roadmap for quantum sensors 2025-2045.
Figure 58. Schematic of the flow of energy (blue) from a source to a battery made up of multiple cells. (left)
Figure 59. SWOT analysis for quantum batteries.
Figure 34. Technology roadmap for quantum batteries 2025-2045.
Figure 60. Market map for quantum technologies industry.
Figure 61. Tech Giants quantum technologies activities.
Figure 62. Quantum Technology investment by sector, 2023.
Figure 63. Quantum computing public and industry funding to mid-2023, millions USD.
Figure 64. Global market for quantum computing-Hardware, Software & Services, 2023-2045 (billions USD).
Figure 65. Markets for quantum sensors, by types, 2018-2045 (Millions USD).
Figure 66. Markets for QKD systems, 2018-2045 (Millions USD).
Figure 67. Archer-EPFL spin-resonance circuit.
Figure 68. IBM Q System One quantum computer.
Figure 69. ColdQuanta Quantum Core (left), Physics Station (middle) and the atoms control chip (right).
Figure 70. Intel Tunnel Falls 12-qubit chip.
Figure 71. IonQ's ion trap
Figure 72. 20-qubit quantum computer.
Figure 73. Maybell Big Fridge.
Figure 74. PsiQuantum’s modularized quantum computing system networks.
Figure 75. SemiQ first chip prototype.
Figure 76. SpinMagIC quantum sensor.
Figure 77. Toshiba QKD Development Timeline.
Figure 78. Toshiba Quantum Key Distribution technology.
Figure 1. Quantum computing development timeline.
Figure 2.Quantum Technology investments 2012-2025 (millions USD), total.
Figure 3. Quantum Technology investments 2012-2025 (millions USD), by technology.
Figure 4. Quantum Technology investments 2012-2025 (millions USD), by region.
Figure 5. National quantum initiatives and funding.
Figure 6. Quantum computing architectures.
Figure 7. An early design of an IBM 7-qubit chip based on superconducting technology.
Figure 8. Various 2D to 3D chips integration techniques into chiplets.
Figure 9. IBM Q System One quantum computer.
Figure 10. Unconventional computing approaches.
Figure 11. 53-qubit Sycamore processor.
Figure 12. Interior of IBM quantum computing system. The quantum chip is located in the small dark square at center bottom.
Figure 13. Superconducting quantum computer.
Figure 14. Superconducting quantum computer schematic.
Figure 15. Components and materials used in a superconducting qubit.
Figure 16. SWOT analysis for superconducting quantum computers:.
Figure 17. Ion-trap quantum computer.
Figure 18. Various ways to trap ions
Figure 19. Universal Quantum’s shuttling ion architecture in their Penning traps.
Figure 20. SWOT analysis for trapped-ion quantum computing.
Figure 21. CMOS silicon spin qubit.
Figure 22. Silicon quantum dot qubits.
Figure 23. SWOT analysis for silicon spin quantum computers.
Figure 24. SWOT analysis for topological qubits
Figure 25 . SWOT analysis for photonic quantum computers.
Figure 26. Neutral atoms (green dots) arranged in various configurations
Figure 27. SWOT analysis for neutral-atom quantum computers.
Figure 28. NV center components.
Figure 29. SWOT analysis for diamond-defect quantum computers.
Figure 30. D-Wave quantum annealer.
Figure 31. SWOT analysis for quantum annealers.
Figure 32. Quantum software development platforms.
Figure 33. SWOT analysis for quantum computing.
Figure 34. Technology roadmap for quantum computing 2025-2045.
Figure 35. SWOT analysis for quantum chemistry and AI.
Figure 34. Technology roadmap for quantum chemistry and AI 2025-2045.
Figure 36. IDQ quantum number generators.
Figure 37. SWOT Analysis of Quantum Random Number Generator Technology.
Figure 38. SWOT Analysis of Quantum Key Distribution Technology.
Figure 39. SWOT Analysis: Post Quantum Cryptography (PQC).
Figure 40. SWOT analysis for networks.
Figure 34. Technology roadmap for quantum communications 2025-2045.
Figure 41. Q.ANT quantum particle sensor.
Figure 42. SWOT analysis for quantum sensors market.
Figure 43. NIST's compact optical clock.
Figure 44. SWOT analysis for atomic clocks.
Figure 45.Principle of SQUID magnetometer.
Figure 46. SWOT analysis for SQUIDS.
Figure 47. SWOT analysis for OPMs
Figure 48. Tunneling magnetoresistance mechanism and TMR ratio formats.
Figure 49. SWOT analysis for TMR (Tunneling Magnetoresistance) sensors.
Figure 50. SWOT analysis for N-V Center Magnetic Field Sensors.
Figure 51. Quantum Gravimeter.
Figure 52. SWOT analysis for Quantum Gravimeters.
Figure 53. SWOT analysis for Quantum Gyroscopes.
Figure 54. SWOT analysis for Quantum image sensing.
Figure 55. Principle of quantum radar.
Figure 56. Illustration of a quantum radar prototype.
Figure 57. Quantum RF Sensors Market Roadmap (2023-2045).
Figure 34. Technology roadmap for quantum sensors 2025-2045.
Figure 58. Schematic of the flow of energy (blue) from a source to a battery made up of multiple cells. (left)
Figure 59. SWOT analysis for quantum batteries.
Figure 34. Technology roadmap for quantum batteries 2025-2045.
Figure 60. Market map for quantum technologies industry.
Figure 61. Tech Giants quantum technologies activities.
Figure 62. Quantum Technology investment by sector, 2023.
Figure 63. Quantum computing public and industry funding to mid-2023, millions USD.
Figure 64. Global market for quantum computing-Hardware, Software & Services, 2023-2045 (billions USD).
Figure 65. Markets for quantum sensors, by types, 2018-2045 (Millions USD).
Figure 66. Markets for QKD systems, 2018-2045 (Millions USD).
Figure 67. Archer-EPFL spin-resonance circuit.
Figure 68. IBM Q System One quantum computer.
Figure 69. ColdQuanta Quantum Core (left), Physics Station (middle) and the atoms control chip (right).
Figure 70. Intel Tunnel Falls 12-qubit chip.
Figure 71. IonQ's ion trap
Figure 72. 20-qubit quantum computer.
Figure 73. Maybell Big Fridge.
Figure 74. PsiQuantum’s modularized quantum computing system networks.
Figure 75. SemiQ first chip prototype.
Figure 76. SpinMagIC quantum sensor.
Figure 77. Toshiba QKD Development Timeline.
Figure 78. Toshiba Quantum Key Distribution technology.
