The Global Market for Nanoelectronics (Nanotechnology in Electronics)
The electronics industry will witness significant change and growth in the next decade driven by:
Semiconducting inorganic nanowires (NWs), carbon nanotubes, nanofibers, nanofibers, quantum dots, graphene and other 2D materials have been extensively explored in recent years as potential building blocks for nanoscale electronics, optoelectronics and photonics components, coatings and devices.
The report covers nanotechnology and nanomaterials related to the following markets and applications:
- Scaling
- Growth of mobile wireless devices
- Huge growth in the Internet of Things (IoT)
- Data, logic and applications moving to the Cloud
- Ubiquitous electronics.
Semiconducting inorganic nanowires (NWs), carbon nanotubes, nanofibers, nanofibers, quantum dots, graphene and other 2D materials have been extensively explored in recent years as potential building blocks for nanoscale electronics, optoelectronics and photonics components, coatings and devices.
The report covers nanotechnology and nanomaterials related to the following markets and applications:
- Flexible, Stretchable and Printable Electronics
- Conductive Films and Inks
- Wearable health monitoring
- Electronic textiles
- HMI automotive displays
- Displays
- Transistors
- Integrated Circuits
- Other components
- Memory Devices
- Conductive and waterproof electronics coatings
- Photonics
1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1.1 Scaling
1.2 Growth of mobile wireless devices
1.3 Internet of things (IoT)
1.4 Data, logic and applications moving to the Cloud
1.5 Ubiquitous electronics
1.6 Growth in automotive interior electronics
1.7 Nanomaterials for new device design and architectures
1.8 Carbon and 2D nanomaterials
1.9 Industrial collaborations
1.10 Nanotechnology and smart textile & wearable technology
1.11 Growth in the wearable electronics market
1.11.1 Recent growth
1.11.2 Future growth
1.11.3 Nanotechnology as a market driver
1.12 Growth in remote health monitoring and diagnostics
1.13 From rigid to flexible and stretchable
2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
1.1 MARKET OPPORTUNITY ANALYSIS
2.1 MARKET CHALLENGES RATING SYSTEM
3 NANOMATERIALS
3.1 Properties of nanomaterials
3.2 Categorization
4 NANOMATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
4.1 SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES
4.1.1 Properties
4.1.1.1 Single-chirality
4.1.2 Applications in nanoelectronics
4.2 GRAPHENE
4.2.1 Properties
4.2.2 Applications in nanoelectronics
4.2.2.1 Electronic paper
4.2.2.2 Wearable electronics
4.2.2.3 Integrated circuits
4.2.2.4 Transistors
4.2.2.5 Graphene Radio Frequency (RF) circuits
4.2.2.6 Graphene spintronics
4.2.2.7 Memory devices
4.3 NANOCELLULOSE
4.3.1 Properties
4.3.2 Applications in nanoelectronics
4.3.3 Nanopaper
4.3.4 Flexible electronics
4.3.4.1 Paper memory
4.3.5 Wearable electronics
4.3.6 Flexible energy storage
4.3.7 Conductive inks
4.4 NANOFIBERS
4.4.1 Properties
4.4.2 Applications in nanoelectronics
4.5 QUANTUM DOTS
4.5.1 Properties
4.5.2 Applications in nanoelectronics
4.5.2.1 Cadmium Selenide, Cadmium Sulfide and other materials
4.5.2.2 Cadmium free quantum dots
4.6 SILVER NANOWIRES
4.6.1 Properties
4.6.2 Applications in nanoelectronics
4.7 OTHER NANOMATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
4.7.1 Metal oxide nanoparticles
4.7.1.1 Properties and applications
4.7.2 Graphene quantum dots
4.7.2.1 Applications
4.7.3 Black phosphorus/Phosphorene
4.7.3.1 Properties
4.7.3.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.4 C2N
4.7.4.1 Properties
4.7.4.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.5 Double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNT)
4.7.6 Fullerenes
4.7.6.1 Properties
4.7.6.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.7 Germanene
4.7.7.1 Properties
4.7.7.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.8 Graphdiyne
4.7.8.1 Properties
4.7.8.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.9 Graphane
4.7.9.1 Properties
4.7.9.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.10 Hexagonal boron-nitride
4.7.10.1 Properties
4.7.10.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.11 Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)
4.7.11.1 Properties
4.7.11.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.12 Nanodiamonds
4.7.12.1 Properties
4.7.12.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.13 Rhenium disulfide (ReS2) and diselenide (ReSe2)
4.7.13.1 Properties
4.7.13.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.14 Silicene
4.7.14.1 Properties
4.7.14.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.15 Stanene/tinene
4.7.15.1 Properties
4.7.15.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.16 Tungsten diselenide
4.7.16.1 Properties
4.7.16.2 Applications in electronics
5 TRANSPARENT CONDUCTIVE FILMS
5.1 MARKET DRIVERS
5.2 APPLICATIONS
5.2.1 Transparent electrodes in flexible electronics
5.2.1.1 Single-walled carbon nanotubes
5.2.1.2 Double-walled carbon nanotubes
5.2.1.3 Graphene
5.2.1.4 Silver nanowires
5.2.1.5 Copper nanowires
5.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
5.4 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
5.4.33 MARKET CHALLENGES
5.4.33.1 Competing materials
5.4.33.2 Cost in comparison to ITO
5.4.33.3 Fabricating SWNT devices
5.4.33.4 Fabricating graphene devices
5.4.33.5 Problems with transfer and growth
5.4.33.6 Improving sheet resistance
5.4.33.7 High surface roughness of silver nanowires
5.4.33.8 Electrical properties
5.4.33.9 Difficulties in display panel integration
6 DISPLAYS-HDTV & MONITORS
6.1 MARKET DRIVERS
6.1.1 Improved performance with less power
6.1.2 Lower cost compared to OLED
6.2 APPLICATIONS
6.2.1 LCDS vs. OLEDs vs. QD-LCDs
6.2.2 QD-LCD TVs
6.2.3 Integration into LCDs
6.2.3.1 On-edge (edge optic)
6.2.3.2 On-surface (film)
6.2.3.3 On-chip
6.2.4 Quantum rods
6.2.5 Quantum converters with red phosphors
6.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
6.4 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
7 WEARABLE SENSORS AND ELECTRONIC TEXTILES
7.1 MARKET DRIVERS
7.1.1 Growth in the wearable electronics market
7.1.2 ITO replacement for flexible electronics
7.1.3 Energy needs of wearable devices
7.1.4 Increased power and performance of sensors with reduced cost
7.1.5 Growth in the printed sensors market
7.1.6 Growth in the home diagnostics and point of care market
7.2 APPLICATIONS
7.2.1 Wearable electronics
7.2.1.1 Current state of the art
7.2.1.2 Nanotechnology solutions
7.2.1.3 Conductive inks
7.2.2 Wearable sensors
7.2.2.1 Current stage of the art
7.2.2.2 Nanotechnology solutions
7.2.2.3 Wearable gas sensors
7.2.2.4 Wearable strain sensors
7.2.2.5 Wearable tactile sensors
7.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
7.4 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
8 MEDICAL AND HEALTHCARE WEARABLES
8.1 MARKET DRIVERS
8.1.1 Universal to individualized medicine
8.1.2 Growth in the wearable monitoring market
8.1.3 Need for new materials for continuous health monitoring and adaptability
8.2 APPLICATIONS
8.2.1 Current state of the art
8.2.2 Nanotechnology solutions
8.2.2.1 Flexible/stretchable health monitors
8.2.2.2 Patch-type skin sensors
8.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
8.4 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
9 SMART CLOTHING AND APPAREL INCLUDING SPORTSWEAR
9.1 MARKET DRIVERS
9.1.1 Reduction in size, appearance and cost of sensors
9.1.2 Increasing demand for smart fitness clothing
9.1.3 Improved medical analysis
9.1.4 Smart workwear for improved worker safety
9.2 APPLICATIONS
9.2.1 Current state of the art
9.2.2 Nanotechnology solutions
9.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
9.4 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
10 WEARABLE ENERGY STORAGE AND HARVESTING DEVICES
10.1 MARKET DRIVERS
10.1.1 Inadequacies of current battery technology for wearables
10.1.2 Need for flexible power sources
10.1.3 Energy harvesting for “disappearables”
10.2 APPLICATIONS
10.2.1 Current state of the art
10.2.2 Nanotechnology solutions
10.2.2.1 Flexible and stretchable batteries
10.2.2.2 Flexible and stretchable supercapacitors
10.2.2.3 Solar energy harvesting textiles
10.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
10.4 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
11 CONDUCTIVE INKS
11.1 MARKET DRIVERS AND TRENDS
11.2 APPLICATIONS
11.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
11.4 MARKET CHALLENGES
11.5 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
12 TRANSISTORS, INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND OTHER COMPONENTS
12.1 MARKET DRIVERS AND TRENDS
12.2 APPLICATIONS
12.2.1 Nanowires
12.2.2 Carbon nanotubes
12.2.3 Graphene
12.2.3.1 Integrated circuits
12.2.3.2 Transistors
12.2.3.3 Graphene Radio Frequency (RF) circuits
12.2.3.4 Graphene spintronics
12.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
12.4 MARKET CHALLENGES
12.4.1 Device complexity
12.4.2 Competition from other materials
12.4.3 Lack of band gap
12.4.4 Transfer and integration
12.5 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
13 MEMORY DEVICES
13.1 MARKET DRIVERS
13.2 APPLICATIONS
13.2.1 Carbon nanotubes
13.2.2 Graphene and other 2D materials
13.2.2.1 Properties
13.2.2.2 ReRAM memory
13.2.2.3 Magnetic nanoparticles
13.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
13.4 MARKET CHALLENGES
13.5 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
14 ELECTRONICS COATINGS
14.1 MARKET DRIVERS
14.1.1 Demand for multi-functional, active coatings
14.1.2 Waterproofing and permeability
14.1.3 Improved aesthetics and reduced maintenance
14.1.4 Proliferation of touch panels
14.1.5 Need for efficient moisture and oxygen protection in flexible and organic electronics
14.1.6 Electronics packaging
14.1.7 Growth in the optical and optoelectronic devices market
14.1.8 Improved performance and cost over traditional AR coatings
14.1.9 Growth in the solar energy market
14.2 APPLICATIONS
14.2.1 Waterproof nanocoatings
14.2.1.1 Barrier films
14.2.1.2 Hydrophobic coatings
14.2.2 Anti-fingerprint nanocoatings
14.2.3 Anti-reflection nanocoatings
14.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
14.3.1 Anti-fingerprint nanocoatings
14.3.2 Anti-reflective nanocoatings
14.3.3 Waterproof nanocoatings
14.4 MARKET CHALLENGES
14.4.1 Durability
14.4.2 Dispersion
14.4.3 Cost
14.5 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
15 PHOTONICS
15.1 MARKET DRIVERS AND TRENDS
15.2 APPLICATIONS
15.2.1 Si photonics versus graphene
15.2.2 Optical modulators
15.2.3 Photodetectors
15.2.4 Saturable absorbers
15.2.5 Plasmonics
15.2.6 Fiber lasers
15.2.6.1 Graphene and 2D materials
15.2.6.2 Quantum dots
15.2.7 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
15.3 MARKET CHALLENGES
15.3.1 Need to design devices that harness graphene’s properties
15.3.2 Problems with transfer
15.3.3 THz absorbance and nonlinearity
15.3.4 Stability and sensitivity
15.4 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
16 REFERENCES
1.1 Scaling
1.2 Growth of mobile wireless devices
1.3 Internet of things (IoT)
1.4 Data, logic and applications moving to the Cloud
1.5 Ubiquitous electronics
1.6 Growth in automotive interior electronics
1.7 Nanomaterials for new device design and architectures
1.8 Carbon and 2D nanomaterials
1.9 Industrial collaborations
1.10 Nanotechnology and smart textile & wearable technology
1.11 Growth in the wearable electronics market
1.11.1 Recent growth
1.11.2 Future growth
1.11.3 Nanotechnology as a market driver
1.12 Growth in remote health monitoring and diagnostics
1.13 From rigid to flexible and stretchable
2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
1.1 MARKET OPPORTUNITY ANALYSIS
2.1 MARKET CHALLENGES RATING SYSTEM
3 NANOMATERIALS
3.1 Properties of nanomaterials
3.2 Categorization
4 NANOMATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
4.1 SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES
4.1.1 Properties
4.1.1.1 Single-chirality
4.1.2 Applications in nanoelectronics
4.2 GRAPHENE
4.2.1 Properties
4.2.2 Applications in nanoelectronics
4.2.2.1 Electronic paper
4.2.2.2 Wearable electronics
4.2.2.3 Integrated circuits
4.2.2.4 Transistors
4.2.2.5 Graphene Radio Frequency (RF) circuits
4.2.2.6 Graphene spintronics
4.2.2.7 Memory devices
4.3 NANOCELLULOSE
4.3.1 Properties
4.3.2 Applications in nanoelectronics
4.3.3 Nanopaper
4.3.4 Flexible electronics
4.3.4.1 Paper memory
4.3.5 Wearable electronics
4.3.6 Flexible energy storage
4.3.7 Conductive inks
4.4 NANOFIBERS
4.4.1 Properties
4.4.2 Applications in nanoelectronics
4.5 QUANTUM DOTS
4.5.1 Properties
4.5.2 Applications in nanoelectronics
4.5.2.1 Cadmium Selenide, Cadmium Sulfide and other materials
4.5.2.2 Cadmium free quantum dots
4.6 SILVER NANOWIRES
4.6.1 Properties
4.6.2 Applications in nanoelectronics
4.7 OTHER NANOMATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
4.7.1 Metal oxide nanoparticles
4.7.1.1 Properties and applications
4.7.2 Graphene quantum dots
4.7.2.1 Applications
4.7.3 Black phosphorus/Phosphorene
4.7.3.1 Properties
4.7.3.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.4 C2N
4.7.4.1 Properties
4.7.4.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.5 Double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNT)
4.7.6 Fullerenes
4.7.6.1 Properties
4.7.6.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.7 Germanene
4.7.7.1 Properties
4.7.7.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.8 Graphdiyne
4.7.8.1 Properties
4.7.8.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.9 Graphane
4.7.9.1 Properties
4.7.9.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.10 Hexagonal boron-nitride
4.7.10.1 Properties
4.7.10.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.11 Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)
4.7.11.1 Properties
4.7.11.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.12 Nanodiamonds
4.7.12.1 Properties
4.7.12.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.13 Rhenium disulfide (ReS2) and diselenide (ReSe2)
4.7.13.1 Properties
4.7.13.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.14 Silicene
4.7.14.1 Properties
4.7.14.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.15 Stanene/tinene
4.7.15.1 Properties
4.7.15.2 Applications in electronics
4.7.16 Tungsten diselenide
4.7.16.1 Properties
4.7.16.2 Applications in electronics
5 TRANSPARENT CONDUCTIVE FILMS
5.1 MARKET DRIVERS
5.2 APPLICATIONS
5.2.1 Transparent electrodes in flexible electronics
5.2.1.1 Single-walled carbon nanotubes
5.2.1.2 Double-walled carbon nanotubes
5.2.1.3 Graphene
5.2.1.4 Silver nanowires
5.2.1.5 Copper nanowires
5.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
5.4 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
5.4.33 MARKET CHALLENGES
5.4.33.1 Competing materials
5.4.33.2 Cost in comparison to ITO
5.4.33.3 Fabricating SWNT devices
5.4.33.4 Fabricating graphene devices
5.4.33.5 Problems with transfer and growth
5.4.33.6 Improving sheet resistance
5.4.33.7 High surface roughness of silver nanowires
5.4.33.8 Electrical properties
5.4.33.9 Difficulties in display panel integration
6 DISPLAYS-HDTV & MONITORS
6.1 MARKET DRIVERS
6.1.1 Improved performance with less power
6.1.2 Lower cost compared to OLED
6.2 APPLICATIONS
6.2.1 LCDS vs. OLEDs vs. QD-LCDs
6.2.2 QD-LCD TVs
6.2.3 Integration into LCDs
6.2.3.1 On-edge (edge optic)
6.2.3.2 On-surface (film)
6.2.3.3 On-chip
6.2.4 Quantum rods
6.2.5 Quantum converters with red phosphors
6.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
6.4 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
7 WEARABLE SENSORS AND ELECTRONIC TEXTILES
7.1 MARKET DRIVERS
7.1.1 Growth in the wearable electronics market
7.1.2 ITO replacement for flexible electronics
7.1.3 Energy needs of wearable devices
7.1.4 Increased power and performance of sensors with reduced cost
7.1.5 Growth in the printed sensors market
7.1.6 Growth in the home diagnostics and point of care market
7.2 APPLICATIONS
7.2.1 Wearable electronics
7.2.1.1 Current state of the art
7.2.1.2 Nanotechnology solutions
7.2.1.3 Conductive inks
7.2.2 Wearable sensors
7.2.2.1 Current stage of the art
7.2.2.2 Nanotechnology solutions
7.2.2.3 Wearable gas sensors
7.2.2.4 Wearable strain sensors
7.2.2.5 Wearable tactile sensors
7.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
7.4 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
8 MEDICAL AND HEALTHCARE WEARABLES
8.1 MARKET DRIVERS
8.1.1 Universal to individualized medicine
8.1.2 Growth in the wearable monitoring market
8.1.3 Need for new materials for continuous health monitoring and adaptability
8.2 APPLICATIONS
8.2.1 Current state of the art
8.2.2 Nanotechnology solutions
8.2.2.1 Flexible/stretchable health monitors
8.2.2.2 Patch-type skin sensors
8.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
8.4 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
9 SMART CLOTHING AND APPAREL INCLUDING SPORTSWEAR
9.1 MARKET DRIVERS
9.1.1 Reduction in size, appearance and cost of sensors
9.1.2 Increasing demand for smart fitness clothing
9.1.3 Improved medical analysis
9.1.4 Smart workwear for improved worker safety
9.2 APPLICATIONS
9.2.1 Current state of the art
9.2.2 Nanotechnology solutions
9.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
9.4 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
10 WEARABLE ENERGY STORAGE AND HARVESTING DEVICES
10.1 MARKET DRIVERS
10.1.1 Inadequacies of current battery technology for wearables
10.1.2 Need for flexible power sources
10.1.3 Energy harvesting for “disappearables”
10.2 APPLICATIONS
10.2.1 Current state of the art
10.2.2 Nanotechnology solutions
10.2.2.1 Flexible and stretchable batteries
10.2.2.2 Flexible and stretchable supercapacitors
10.2.2.3 Solar energy harvesting textiles
10.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
10.4 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
11 CONDUCTIVE INKS
11.1 MARKET DRIVERS AND TRENDS
11.2 APPLICATIONS
11.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
11.4 MARKET CHALLENGES
11.5 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
12 TRANSISTORS, INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND OTHER COMPONENTS
12.1 MARKET DRIVERS AND TRENDS
12.2 APPLICATIONS
12.2.1 Nanowires
12.2.2 Carbon nanotubes
12.2.3 Graphene
12.2.3.1 Integrated circuits
12.2.3.2 Transistors
12.2.3.3 Graphene Radio Frequency (RF) circuits
12.2.3.4 Graphene spintronics
12.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
12.4 MARKET CHALLENGES
12.4.1 Device complexity
12.4.2 Competition from other materials
12.4.3 Lack of band gap
12.4.4 Transfer and integration
12.5 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
13 MEMORY DEVICES
13.1 MARKET DRIVERS
13.2 APPLICATIONS
13.2.1 Carbon nanotubes
13.2.2 Graphene and other 2D materials
13.2.2.1 Properties
13.2.2.2 ReRAM memory
13.2.2.3 Magnetic nanoparticles
13.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
13.4 MARKET CHALLENGES
13.5 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
14 ELECTRONICS COATINGS
14.1 MARKET DRIVERS
14.1.1 Demand for multi-functional, active coatings
14.1.2 Waterproofing and permeability
14.1.3 Improved aesthetics and reduced maintenance
14.1.4 Proliferation of touch panels
14.1.5 Need for efficient moisture and oxygen protection in flexible and organic electronics
14.1.6 Electronics packaging
14.1.7 Growth in the optical and optoelectronic devices market
14.1.8 Improved performance and cost over traditional AR coatings
14.1.9 Growth in the solar energy market
14.2 APPLICATIONS
14.2.1 Waterproof nanocoatings
14.2.1.1 Barrier films
14.2.1.2 Hydrophobic coatings
14.2.2 Anti-fingerprint nanocoatings
14.2.3 Anti-reflection nanocoatings
14.3 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
14.3.1 Anti-fingerprint nanocoatings
14.3.2 Anti-reflective nanocoatings
14.3.3 Waterproof nanocoatings
14.4 MARKET CHALLENGES
14.4.1 Durability
14.4.2 Dispersion
14.4.3 Cost
14.5 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
15 PHOTONICS
15.1 MARKET DRIVERS AND TRENDS
15.2 APPLICATIONS
15.2.1 Si photonics versus graphene
15.2.2 Optical modulators
15.2.3 Photodetectors
15.2.4 Saturable absorbers
15.2.5 Plasmonics
15.2.6 Fiber lasers
15.2.6.1 Graphene and 2D materials
15.2.6.2 Quantum dots
15.2.7 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND OPPORTUNITY
15.3 MARKET CHALLENGES
15.3.1 Need to design devices that harness graphene’s properties
15.3.2 Problems with transfer
15.3.3 THz absorbance and nonlinearity
15.3.4 Stability and sensitivity
15.4 PRODUCT DEVELOPERS
16 REFERENCES
TABLES
Table 1: Semiconductor Components of IoT Devices
Table 2: Nanoelectronics in next generation information processing
Table 3: Nanoelectronics industrial collaborations and target markets
Table 4: Types of smart textiles
Table 5: Smart textile products
Table 6: Evolution of wearable devices, 2011-2016
Table 7: Categorization of nanomaterials
Table 8: Comparison between single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
Table 9: Properties of CNTs and comparable materials
Table 10: Electronics sub-markets, benefits and applications of Carbon Nanotubes
Table 11: Properties of graphene
Table 12: Electronics sub-markets, benefits and applications of graphene
Table 13: Comparison of ITO replacements
Table 14: Comparative properties of silicon and graphene transistors
Table 15: Properties of flexible electronics‐cellulose nanofiber film (nanopaper)
Table 16: Properties of flexible electronics cellulose nanofiber films
Table 17: Applications of nanowires in electronics
Table 18: Electronics markets and applications nanowires
Table 19: Metal oxide nanoparticles in electronics-properties and applications
Table 20: Comparison of graphene QDs and semiconductor QDs
Table 21: Electronic and mechanical properties of monolayer phosphorene, graphene and MoS2.
Table 22: Markets, benefits and applications of fullerenes in electronics
Table 23: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the transparent conductive films market.
Table 24: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in transparent conductive films
Table 25: Comparison of ITO replacements
Table 26: Properties of SWNTs and graphene relevant to flexible electronics
Table 27: Comparative cost of TCF materials
Table 28: Market size for nanotechnology in conductive films
Table 29: Market opportunity assessment for nanotechnology in conductive films
Table 30: Market challenges rating for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in transparent conductive films market.
Table 31: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the displays market
Table 32: Impact of market drivers for quantum dots in the LCD TVs/Displays market
Table 33: Advantages and disadvantages of LCDs, OLEDs and QDs
Table 34: Approaches for integrating QDs into displays
Table 35: Commercially available quantum dot display products
Table 36: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the wearable sensors and electronics textiles market.
Table 37: Wearable electronics devices and stage of development
Table 38: Applications in wearable electronics, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof
Table 39: Applications in conductive inks by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof
Table 40: Graphene properties relevant to application in sensors
Table 41: Global market for wearables, 2014-2021, units and US$
Table 42: Market opportunity assessment for nanotechnology in wearable sensors and electronic textiles.
Table 43: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the medical and healthcare wearables market.
Table 44: Wearable medical device products and stage of development
Table 45: Applications in flexible and stretchable health monitors, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof.
Table 46: Applications in patch-type skin sensors, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof.
Table 47: Potential addressable market for smart textiles and wearables in medical and healthcare.
Table 48: Market opportunity assessment for nanotechnology in medical wearables
Table 49: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the smart clothing and apparel market.
Table 50: Currently available technologies for smart textiles
Table 51: Smart clothing and apparel and stage of development
Table 52: Desirable functional properties for the textiles industry afforded by the use of nanomaterials.
Table 53: Global market for smart clothing and apparel, 2014-2021, units and revenues (US$).
Table 54: Market opportunity assessment for nanotechnology in smart clothing
Table 55: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the wearable energy storage (printed and flexible battery) market.
Table 56: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the wearable energy harvesting market.
Table 57: Wearable energy and energy harvesting devices and stage of development
Table 58: Applications in flexible and stretchable batteries, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof.
Table 59: Applications in flexible and stretchable supercapacitors, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof.
Table 60: Applications in energy harvesting textiles, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof.
Table 61: Potential addressable market for thin film, flexible and printed batteries
Table 62: Market challenges rating for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in the wearable energy storage and harvesting market
Table 63: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the conductive inks market
Table 64: Market drivers for use of nanotechnology in conductive inks
Table 65: Comparative properties of conductive inks
Table 66: Applications in conductive inks by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof
Table 67: Opportunities for nanomaterials in printed electronics
Table 68: Market opportunity assessment for nanotechnology in conductive inks
Table 69: Market challenges rating for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in the conductive inks market.
Table 70: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the transistors, integrated circuits and other components market.
Table 71: Market drivers for use of nanomaterials in transistors, integrated circuits and other components.
Table 72: Applications in transistors, integrated circuits and other components, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof.
Table 73: Types of nanowires in semiconductor devices
Table 74: Applications of semiconductor nanowires
Table 75: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in transistors, integrated circuits and other components.
Table 76: Comparative properties of silicon and graphene transistors
Table 77: Applications and benefits of graphene in transistors, integrated circuits and other components.
Table 78: Market size for nanotechnology in transistors, integrated circuits and other components.
Table 79: Market opportunity assessment for graphene in transistors, integrated circuits and other components.
Table 80: Market challenges rating for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in the transistors, integrated circuits and other components market
Table 81: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the memory devices market
Table 82: Market drivers for use of nanotechnology in memory devices
Table 83: Applications in memory devices, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof
Table 84: Market size for nanotechnology in memory devices
Table 85: Market opportunity assessment for nanotechnology in memory devices
Table 86: Applications and commercialization challenges for nanotechnology in the memory devices market.
Table 87: Market challenges rating for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in the memory devices market.
Table 88: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the electronics coatings market
Table 89: Properties of nanocoatings
Table 90: Nanocoatings applied in the consumer electronics industry
Table 91: Anti-reflective nanocoatings-Markets and applications
Table 92: Market opportunity for anti-reflection nanocoatings
Table 93: Market opportunity assessment for nanotechnology in electronics coatings
Table 94: Market challenges rating for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in the electronics coatings market.
Table 95: Market drivers for use of nanotechnology in photonics
Table 96: Applications in photonics, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof
Table 97: Graphene properties relevant to application in optical modulators
Table 98: Market size for nanotechnology in photonics
Table 99: Nanotechnology and nanomaterials in the photonics market-applications, stage of commercialization and estimated economic impact
Table 100: Market challenges rating for nanotechnology in the photonics market
Table 1: Semiconductor Components of IoT Devices
Table 2: Nanoelectronics in next generation information processing
Table 3: Nanoelectronics industrial collaborations and target markets
Table 4: Types of smart textiles
Table 5: Smart textile products
Table 6: Evolution of wearable devices, 2011-2016
Table 7: Categorization of nanomaterials
Table 8: Comparison between single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
Table 9: Properties of CNTs and comparable materials
Table 10: Electronics sub-markets, benefits and applications of Carbon Nanotubes
Table 11: Properties of graphene
Table 12: Electronics sub-markets, benefits and applications of graphene
Table 13: Comparison of ITO replacements
Table 14: Comparative properties of silicon and graphene transistors
Table 15: Properties of flexible electronics‐cellulose nanofiber film (nanopaper)
Table 16: Properties of flexible electronics cellulose nanofiber films
Table 17: Applications of nanowires in electronics
Table 18: Electronics markets and applications nanowires
Table 19: Metal oxide nanoparticles in electronics-properties and applications
Table 20: Comparison of graphene QDs and semiconductor QDs
Table 21: Electronic and mechanical properties of monolayer phosphorene, graphene and MoS2.
Table 22: Markets, benefits and applications of fullerenes in electronics
Table 23: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the transparent conductive films market.
Table 24: Market drivers for use of SWNTs in transparent conductive films
Table 25: Comparison of ITO replacements
Table 26: Properties of SWNTs and graphene relevant to flexible electronics
Table 27: Comparative cost of TCF materials
Table 28: Market size for nanotechnology in conductive films
Table 29: Market opportunity assessment for nanotechnology in conductive films
Table 30: Market challenges rating for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in transparent conductive films market.
Table 31: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the displays market
Table 32: Impact of market drivers for quantum dots in the LCD TVs/Displays market
Table 33: Advantages and disadvantages of LCDs, OLEDs and QDs
Table 34: Approaches for integrating QDs into displays
Table 35: Commercially available quantum dot display products
Table 36: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the wearable sensors and electronics textiles market.
Table 37: Wearable electronics devices and stage of development
Table 38: Applications in wearable electronics, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof
Table 39: Applications in conductive inks by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof
Table 40: Graphene properties relevant to application in sensors
Table 41: Global market for wearables, 2014-2021, units and US$
Table 42: Market opportunity assessment for nanotechnology in wearable sensors and electronic textiles.
Table 43: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the medical and healthcare wearables market.
Table 44: Wearable medical device products and stage of development
Table 45: Applications in flexible and stretchable health monitors, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof.
Table 46: Applications in patch-type skin sensors, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof.
Table 47: Potential addressable market for smart textiles and wearables in medical and healthcare.
Table 48: Market opportunity assessment for nanotechnology in medical wearables
Table 49: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the smart clothing and apparel market.
Table 50: Currently available technologies for smart textiles
Table 51: Smart clothing and apparel and stage of development
Table 52: Desirable functional properties for the textiles industry afforded by the use of nanomaterials.
Table 53: Global market for smart clothing and apparel, 2014-2021, units and revenues (US$).
Table 54: Market opportunity assessment for nanotechnology in smart clothing
Table 55: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the wearable energy storage (printed and flexible battery) market.
Table 56: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the wearable energy harvesting market.
Table 57: Wearable energy and energy harvesting devices and stage of development
Table 58: Applications in flexible and stretchable batteries, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof.
Table 59: Applications in flexible and stretchable supercapacitors, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof.
Table 60: Applications in energy harvesting textiles, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof.
Table 61: Potential addressable market for thin film, flexible and printed batteries
Table 62: Market challenges rating for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in the wearable energy storage and harvesting market
Table 63: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the conductive inks market
Table 64: Market drivers for use of nanotechnology in conductive inks
Table 65: Comparative properties of conductive inks
Table 66: Applications in conductive inks by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof
Table 67: Opportunities for nanomaterials in printed electronics
Table 68: Market opportunity assessment for nanotechnology in conductive inks
Table 69: Market challenges rating for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in the conductive inks market.
Table 70: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the transistors, integrated circuits and other components market.
Table 71: Market drivers for use of nanomaterials in transistors, integrated circuits and other components.
Table 72: Applications in transistors, integrated circuits and other components, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof.
Table 73: Types of nanowires in semiconductor devices
Table 74: Applications of semiconductor nanowires
Table 75: Applications and benefits of SWNTs in transistors, integrated circuits and other components.
Table 76: Comparative properties of silicon and graphene transistors
Table 77: Applications and benefits of graphene in transistors, integrated circuits and other components.
Table 78: Market size for nanotechnology in transistors, integrated circuits and other components.
Table 79: Market opportunity assessment for graphene in transistors, integrated circuits and other components.
Table 80: Market challenges rating for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in the transistors, integrated circuits and other components market
Table 81: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the memory devices market
Table 82: Market drivers for use of nanotechnology in memory devices
Table 83: Applications in memory devices, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof
Table 84: Market size for nanotechnology in memory devices
Table 85: Market opportunity assessment for nanotechnology in memory devices
Table 86: Applications and commercialization challenges for nanotechnology in the memory devices market.
Table 87: Market challenges rating for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in the memory devices market.
Table 88: Market assessment for the nanotechnology in the electronics coatings market
Table 89: Properties of nanocoatings
Table 90: Nanocoatings applied in the consumer electronics industry
Table 91: Anti-reflective nanocoatings-Markets and applications
Table 92: Market opportunity for anti-reflection nanocoatings
Table 93: Market opportunity assessment for nanotechnology in electronics coatings
Table 94: Market challenges rating for nanotechnology and nanomaterials in the electronics coatings market.
Table 95: Market drivers for use of nanotechnology in photonics
Table 96: Applications in photonics, by nanomaterials type and benefits thereof
Table 97: Graphene properties relevant to application in optical modulators
Table 98: Market size for nanotechnology in photonics
Table 99: Nanotechnology and nanomaterials in the photonics market-applications, stage of commercialization and estimated economic impact
Table 100: Market challenges rating for nanotechnology in the photonics market
FIGURES
Figure 1: Evolution of electronics
Figure 2: Wearable health monitor incorporating graphene photodetectors
Figure 3: Polyera Wove Band
Figure 4: Schematic of single-walled carbon nanotube
Figure 5: Graphene layer structure schematic
Figure 6: Flexible graphene touch screen
Figure 7: Flexible organic light emitting diode (OLED) using graphene electrode
Figure 8: Foldable graphene E-paper
Figure 9: Graphene IC in wafer tester
Figure 10: A monolayer WS2-based flexible transistor array
Figure 11: Schematic cross-section of a graphene based transistor (GBT, left) and a graphene field-effect transistor (GFET, right)
Figure 12: Graphene oxide-based RRAm device on a flexible substrate
Figure 13: Layered structure of tantalum oxide, multilayer graphene and platinum used for resistive random access memory (RRAM)
Figure 14: A schematic diagram for the mechanism of the resistive switching in metal/GO/Pt
Figure 15: Cellulose nanofiber films
Figure 16: Foldable nanopaper
Figure 17: Foldable nanopaper antenna
Figure 18: LEDs shining on circuitry imprinted on a 5x5cm sheet of CNF
Figure 19: NFC computer chip
Figure 20: NFC translucent diffuser schematic
Figure 21: Paper memory (ReRAM)
Figure 22: Nanocellulose photoluminescent paper
Figure 23: Quantum dot
Figure 24: The light-blue curve represents a typical spectrum from a conventional white-LED LCD TV. With quantum dots, the spectrum is tunable to any colours of red, green, and blue, and each Color is limited to a narrow band.
Figure 25: Schematic of (a) CQDs and (c) GQDs. HRTEM images of (b) C-dots and (d) GQDs showing combination of zigzag and armchair edges (positions marked as 1–4)
Figure 26: Green-fluorescing graphene quantum dots
Figure 27: Graphene quantum dots
Figure 28: Black phosphorus structure
Figure 29: Structural difference between graphene and C2N-h2D crystal: (a) graphene; (b) C2N-h2D crystal.
Figure 30: Double-walled carbon
Figure 31: Fullerene schematic
Figure 32: Schematic of germanene
Figure 33: Graphdiyne structure
Figure 34: Schematic of Graphane crystal
Figure 35: Structure of hexagonal boron nitride
Figure 36: Structure of 2D molybdenum disulfide
Figure 37: Atomic force microscopy image of a representative MoS2 thin-film transistor
Figure 38: Schematic of the molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) thin-film sensor with the deposited molecules that create additional charge
Figure 39: Schematic of a monolayer of rhenium disulphide
Figure 40: Silicene structure
Figure 41: Monolayer silicene on a silver (111) substrate
Figure 42: Silicene transistor
Figure 43: Crystal structure for stanene
Figure 44: Atomic structure model for the 2D stanene on Bi2Te3(111)
Figure 45: Schematic of tungsten diselenide
Figure 46: Graphene-enabled bendable smartphone
Figure 47: 3D printed carbon nanotube sensor
Figure 48: Graphene electrochromic devices. Top left: Exploded-view illustration of the graphene electrochromic device. The device is formed by attaching two graphene-coated PVC substrates face-to-face and filling the gap with a liquid ionic electrolyte
Figure 49: Flexible mobile phones with graphene transparent conductive film
Figure 50: Bending durability of Ag nanowires
Figure 51: Global touch panel market ($ million), 2011-2018
Figure 52: Capacitive touch panel market forecast by layer structure (Ksqm)
Figure 53: Global transparent conductive film market forecast by materials type, 2012-2020, millions $.
Figure 54: Global transparent conductive film market forecast for nanomaterials, 2015-2027 (million $).
Figure 55: Global transparent conductive film market forecast by materials type, 2015, %
Figure 56: Global transparent conductive film market forecast by materials type, 2020, %
Figure 57: Global transparent conductive film market forecast by materials type, 2027, %
Figure 58: Schematic of the wet roll-to-roll graphene transfer from copper foils to polymeric substrates.
Figure 59: The transmittance of glass/ITO, glass/ITO/four organic layers, and glass/ITO/four organic layers/4-layer graphene.
Figure 60: Samsung QD-LCD TVs, UHD range
Figure 61: Samsung QLED TV range
Figure 62: Quantum dot LED backlighting schematic
Figure 63: Methods for integrating QDs into LCD System. (a) On-chip (b) On-edge. (c) On-surface.
Figure 64: On-edge configuration
Figure 65: QD-film integration into a standard LCD display
Figure 66: QD display market by type 2016., %
Figure 67: QD display market by type 2027., %
Figure 68: LCD using Quantum rods (right) versus a standard LCD
Figure 69: Quantum phosphor schematic in LED TV backlight
Figure 70: Samsung CF791 QD monitor
Figure 71: Acer Z271UV Quantum Dot monitor
Figure 72: QD-TV unit sales, 2015-2027
Figure 73: QD Monitor Unit sales, 2015-2027
Figure 74: Covestro wearables
Figure 75: Panasonic CTN stretchable Resin Film
Figure 76: Bending durability of Ag nanowires
Figure 77: NFC computer chip
Figure 78: NFC translucent diffuser schematic
Figure 79: Graphene printed antenna
Figure 80: BGT Materials graphene ink product
Figure 81: Softceptor sensor
Figure 82: BeBop Media Arm Controller
Figure 83: LG Innotek flexible textile pressure sensor
Figure 84: nanofiber conductive shirt original design(top) and current design (bottom).
Figure 85: Garment-based printable electrodes
Figure 86: Wearable gas sensor
Figure 87: Global market revenues for smart wearable devices 2014-2021, in US$
Figure 88: Global market revenues for nanotech-enabled smart wearable devices 2014-2027 in US$, conservative estimate.
Figure 89: Global market revenues for nanotech-enabled smart wearable devices 2014-2027 in US$, optimistic estimate.
Figure 90: TempTraQ wearable wireless thermometer
Figure 91: Graphene-based E-skin patch
Figure 92: Flexible, lightweight temperature sensor
Figure 93: Smart e-skin system comprising health-monitoring sensors, displays, and ultra flexible PLEDs.
Figure 94: Graphene medical patch
Figure 95: Addressable market for nanotech-enabled medical wearables
Figure 96: Global market revenues for smart clothing and apparel 2014-2021, in US$
Figure 97: Global market revenues for nanotech-enabled smart clothing and apparel 2014-2027, in US$, conservative estimate
Figure 98: Global market revenues for nanotech-enabled smart clothing and apparel 2014-2027, in US$, optimistic estimate.
Figure 99: Energy harvesting textile
Figure 100: StretchSense Energy Harvesting Kit
Figure 101: LG Chem Heaxagonal battery
Figure 102: Energy densities and specific energy of rechargeable batteries
Figure 103: Stretchable graphene supercapacitor
Figure 104: Schematic illustration of the fabrication concept for textile-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) made by sewing textile electrodes onto cloth or paper
Figure 105: Demand for thin film, flexible and printed batteries 2015, by market
Figure 106: Demand for thin film, flexible and printed batteries 2027, by market
Figure 107: Potential addressable market for nanotech-enabled thin film, flexible or printed batteries.
Figure 108: Global market for conductive inks and pastes in printed electronics
Figure 109: Emerging logic devices
Figure 110: Emerging logic devices
Figure 111: Thin film transistor incorporating CNTs
Figure 112: Graphene IC in wafer tester
Figure 113: A monolayer WS2-based flexible transistor array
Figure 114: Schematic cross-section of a graphene based transistor (GBT, left) and a graphene field-effect transistor (GFET, right)
Figure 115: Potential addressable market for nanotechnology in transistors and integrated circuits.
Figure 116: Potential addressable market for nanotechnology in transistors and integrated circuits.
Figure 117: Carbon nanotubes NRAM chip
Figure 118: Stretchable SWCNT memory and logic devices for wearable electronics
Figure 119: Schematic of NRAM cell
Figure 120: A schematic diagram for the mechanism of the resistive switching in metal/GO/Pt.
Figure 121: Graphene oxide-based RRAm device on a flexible substrate
Figure 122: Layered structure of tantalum oxide, multilayer graphene and platinum used for resistive random access memory (RRAM)
Figure 123: Phone coated in WaterBlock submerged in water tank
Figure 124: Demo solar panels coated with nanocoatings
Figure 125: Schematic of barrier nanoparticles deposited on flexible substrates
Figure 126: Schematic of anti-fingerprint nanocoatings
Figure 127: Toray anti-fingerprint film (left) and an existing lipophilic film (right)
Figure 128: Schematic of AR coating utilizing nanoporous coating
Figure 129: Schematic of KhepriCoat®. Image credit: DSM
Figure 130: Nanocoating submerged in water
Figure 131: Potential addressable market for nanocoatings in electronics
Figure 132: Revenues for nanocoatings in electronics, 2010-2027, US$, conservative and optimistic estimates.
Figure 133: Hybrid graphene phototransistors
Figure 134: Wearable health monitor incorporating graphene photodetectors
Figure 135: Flexible PEN coated with graphene and a QD thin film (20nm) is highly visibly transparent and photosensitive.
Figure 136: Schematic of QD laser device
Figure 1: Evolution of electronics
Figure 2: Wearable health monitor incorporating graphene photodetectors
Figure 3: Polyera Wove Band
Figure 4: Schematic of single-walled carbon nanotube
Figure 5: Graphene layer structure schematic
Figure 6: Flexible graphene touch screen
Figure 7: Flexible organic light emitting diode (OLED) using graphene electrode
Figure 8: Foldable graphene E-paper
Figure 9: Graphene IC in wafer tester
Figure 10: A monolayer WS2-based flexible transistor array
Figure 11: Schematic cross-section of a graphene based transistor (GBT, left) and a graphene field-effect transistor (GFET, right)
Figure 12: Graphene oxide-based RRAm device on a flexible substrate
Figure 13: Layered structure of tantalum oxide, multilayer graphene and platinum used for resistive random access memory (RRAM)
Figure 14: A schematic diagram for the mechanism of the resistive switching in metal/GO/Pt
Figure 15: Cellulose nanofiber films
Figure 16: Foldable nanopaper
Figure 17: Foldable nanopaper antenna
Figure 18: LEDs shining on circuitry imprinted on a 5x5cm sheet of CNF
Figure 19: NFC computer chip
Figure 20: NFC translucent diffuser schematic
Figure 21: Paper memory (ReRAM)
Figure 22: Nanocellulose photoluminescent paper
Figure 23: Quantum dot
Figure 24: The light-blue curve represents a typical spectrum from a conventional white-LED LCD TV. With quantum dots, the spectrum is tunable to any colours of red, green, and blue, and each Color is limited to a narrow band.
Figure 25: Schematic of (a) CQDs and (c) GQDs. HRTEM images of (b) C-dots and (d) GQDs showing combination of zigzag and armchair edges (positions marked as 1–4)
Figure 26: Green-fluorescing graphene quantum dots
Figure 27: Graphene quantum dots
Figure 28: Black phosphorus structure
Figure 29: Structural difference between graphene and C2N-h2D crystal: (a) graphene; (b) C2N-h2D crystal.
Figure 30: Double-walled carbon
Figure 31: Fullerene schematic
Figure 32: Schematic of germanene
Figure 33: Graphdiyne structure
Figure 34: Schematic of Graphane crystal
Figure 35: Structure of hexagonal boron nitride
Figure 36: Structure of 2D molybdenum disulfide
Figure 37: Atomic force microscopy image of a representative MoS2 thin-film transistor
Figure 38: Schematic of the molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) thin-film sensor with the deposited molecules that create additional charge
Figure 39: Schematic of a monolayer of rhenium disulphide
Figure 40: Silicene structure
Figure 41: Monolayer silicene on a silver (111) substrate
Figure 42: Silicene transistor
Figure 43: Crystal structure for stanene
Figure 44: Atomic structure model for the 2D stanene on Bi2Te3(111)
Figure 45: Schematic of tungsten diselenide
Figure 46: Graphene-enabled bendable smartphone
Figure 47: 3D printed carbon nanotube sensor
Figure 48: Graphene electrochromic devices. Top left: Exploded-view illustration of the graphene electrochromic device. The device is formed by attaching two graphene-coated PVC substrates face-to-face and filling the gap with a liquid ionic electrolyte
Figure 49: Flexible mobile phones with graphene transparent conductive film
Figure 50: Bending durability of Ag nanowires
Figure 51: Global touch panel market ($ million), 2011-2018
Figure 52: Capacitive touch panel market forecast by layer structure (Ksqm)
Figure 53: Global transparent conductive film market forecast by materials type, 2012-2020, millions $.
Figure 54: Global transparent conductive film market forecast for nanomaterials, 2015-2027 (million $).
Figure 55: Global transparent conductive film market forecast by materials type, 2015, %
Figure 56: Global transparent conductive film market forecast by materials type, 2020, %
Figure 57: Global transparent conductive film market forecast by materials type, 2027, %
Figure 58: Schematic of the wet roll-to-roll graphene transfer from copper foils to polymeric substrates.
Figure 59: The transmittance of glass/ITO, glass/ITO/four organic layers, and glass/ITO/four organic layers/4-layer graphene.
Figure 60: Samsung QD-LCD TVs, UHD range
Figure 61: Samsung QLED TV range
Figure 62: Quantum dot LED backlighting schematic
Figure 63: Methods for integrating QDs into LCD System. (a) On-chip (b) On-edge. (c) On-surface.
Figure 64: On-edge configuration
Figure 65: QD-film integration into a standard LCD display
Figure 66: QD display market by type 2016., %
Figure 67: QD display market by type 2027., %
Figure 68: LCD using Quantum rods (right) versus a standard LCD
Figure 69: Quantum phosphor schematic in LED TV backlight
Figure 70: Samsung CF791 QD monitor
Figure 71: Acer Z271UV Quantum Dot monitor
Figure 72: QD-TV unit sales, 2015-2027
Figure 73: QD Monitor Unit sales, 2015-2027
Figure 74: Covestro wearables
Figure 75: Panasonic CTN stretchable Resin Film
Figure 76: Bending durability of Ag nanowires
Figure 77: NFC computer chip
Figure 78: NFC translucent diffuser schematic
Figure 79: Graphene printed antenna
Figure 80: BGT Materials graphene ink product
Figure 81: Softceptor sensor
Figure 82: BeBop Media Arm Controller
Figure 83: LG Innotek flexible textile pressure sensor
Figure 84: nanofiber conductive shirt original design(top) and current design (bottom).
Figure 85: Garment-based printable electrodes
Figure 86: Wearable gas sensor
Figure 87: Global market revenues for smart wearable devices 2014-2021, in US$
Figure 88: Global market revenues for nanotech-enabled smart wearable devices 2014-2027 in US$, conservative estimate.
Figure 89: Global market revenues for nanotech-enabled smart wearable devices 2014-2027 in US$, optimistic estimate.
Figure 90: TempTraQ wearable wireless thermometer
Figure 91: Graphene-based E-skin patch
Figure 92: Flexible, lightweight temperature sensor
Figure 93: Smart e-skin system comprising health-monitoring sensors, displays, and ultra flexible PLEDs.
Figure 94: Graphene medical patch
Figure 95: Addressable market for nanotech-enabled medical wearables
Figure 96: Global market revenues for smart clothing and apparel 2014-2021, in US$
Figure 97: Global market revenues for nanotech-enabled smart clothing and apparel 2014-2027, in US$, conservative estimate
Figure 98: Global market revenues for nanotech-enabled smart clothing and apparel 2014-2027, in US$, optimistic estimate.
Figure 99: Energy harvesting textile
Figure 100: StretchSense Energy Harvesting Kit
Figure 101: LG Chem Heaxagonal battery
Figure 102: Energy densities and specific energy of rechargeable batteries
Figure 103: Stretchable graphene supercapacitor
Figure 104: Schematic illustration of the fabrication concept for textile-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) made by sewing textile electrodes onto cloth or paper
Figure 105: Demand for thin film, flexible and printed batteries 2015, by market
Figure 106: Demand for thin film, flexible and printed batteries 2027, by market
Figure 107: Potential addressable market for nanotech-enabled thin film, flexible or printed batteries.
Figure 108: Global market for conductive inks and pastes in printed electronics
Figure 109: Emerging logic devices
Figure 110: Emerging logic devices
Figure 111: Thin film transistor incorporating CNTs
Figure 112: Graphene IC in wafer tester
Figure 113: A monolayer WS2-based flexible transistor array
Figure 114: Schematic cross-section of a graphene based transistor (GBT, left) and a graphene field-effect transistor (GFET, right)
Figure 115: Potential addressable market for nanotechnology in transistors and integrated circuits.
Figure 116: Potential addressable market for nanotechnology in transistors and integrated circuits.
Figure 117: Carbon nanotubes NRAM chip
Figure 118: Stretchable SWCNT memory and logic devices for wearable electronics
Figure 119: Schematic of NRAM cell
Figure 120: A schematic diagram for the mechanism of the resistive switching in metal/GO/Pt.
Figure 121: Graphene oxide-based RRAm device on a flexible substrate
Figure 122: Layered structure of tantalum oxide, multilayer graphene and platinum used for resistive random access memory (RRAM)
Figure 123: Phone coated in WaterBlock submerged in water tank
Figure 124: Demo solar panels coated with nanocoatings
Figure 125: Schematic of barrier nanoparticles deposited on flexible substrates
Figure 126: Schematic of anti-fingerprint nanocoatings
Figure 127: Toray anti-fingerprint film (left) and an existing lipophilic film (right)
Figure 128: Schematic of AR coating utilizing nanoporous coating
Figure 129: Schematic of KhepriCoat®. Image credit: DSM
Figure 130: Nanocoating submerged in water
Figure 131: Potential addressable market for nanocoatings in electronics
Figure 132: Revenues for nanocoatings in electronics, 2010-2027, US$, conservative and optimistic estimates.
Figure 133: Hybrid graphene phototransistors
Figure 134: Wearable health monitor incorporating graphene photodetectors
Figure 135: Flexible PEN coated with graphene and a QD thin film (20nm) is highly visibly transparent and photosensitive.
Figure 136: Schematic of QD laser device
