The Global Market for 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing 2024-2035
Additive manufacturing (AM, also known as 3D printing) is an advanced manufacturing technique that has enabled progress in the design and fabrication of complex structures with tuneable properties. The Global Market for 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing 2024-2035 examines the global market for 3D printing hardware, materials, and services - forecasting growth from 2018 to 2035. It assesses hardware unit sales and revenues by technology including vat photopolymerization, material jetting, binder jetting, material extrusion, powder bed fusion, and directed energy deposition.
Global demand is analyzed for polymers, metals, ceramics, and composite materials in both volume and revenue terms. Regional splits are provided for North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and Rest of World. The report profiles over 250 companies involved in 3D printer manufacturing, materials production, software, and service provision.
Key end-user markets analyzed include aerospace, medical and dental devices, architecture, automotive, consumer products, industrial machinery, electronics, energy, oil and gas, marine sectors, and food printing. Dozens of product examples showcase applications across these industries.
Trends assessed in 3D printing hardware encompass throughput, multi-material printing, quality, large format, and desktop systems. The latest developments in polymers, metals, ceramics, nanocomposites, and smart materials are reviewed as well.
The report examines the role of additive manufacturing in prototyping, tooling production, and certified end-part manufacturing. Other aspects include design software, process simulation, automation, quality assurance, post-processing, and sustainability impacts.
Report contents include:
Global demand is analyzed for polymers, metals, ceramics, and composite materials in both volume and revenue terms. Regional splits are provided for North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and Rest of World. The report profiles over 250 companies involved in 3D printer manufacturing, materials production, software, and service provision.
Key end-user markets analyzed include aerospace, medical and dental devices, architecture, automotive, consumer products, industrial machinery, electronics, energy, oil and gas, marine sectors, and food printing. Dozens of product examples showcase applications across these industries.
Trends assessed in 3D printing hardware encompass throughput, multi-material printing, quality, large format, and desktop systems. The latest developments in polymers, metals, ceramics, nanocomposites, and smart materials are reviewed as well.
The report examines the role of additive manufacturing in prototyping, tooling production, and certified end-part manufacturing. Other aspects include design software, process simulation, automation, quality assurance, post-processing, and sustainability impacts.
Report contents include:
- Global market forecasts for AM hardware, materials, and services from 2018-2035
- Analysis of AM hardware by technology type - unit sales and revenues
- Assessment of polymer, metal, ceramic, composite material demand
- Profiles of 250+ leading and emerging companies across the AM value chain. Companies profiled include 3DCERAM, Additive Industries, Admatec Europe, Arris Composites, Bright Laser Technologies, Colibrium Additive, Desktop Metal, Eplus3D, Fabric8Labs, Freeform, GE Additive, Magnus Metal, MADDE, Quantica, SLM Solutions, Seurat Technologies, Stratasys Direct, Tethon3D, TRUMPF, UltiMaker, Velo3D, Xjet and Ziknes.
- AM market growth drivers and latest industry trends
- Role of AM in prototyping, tooling, and end-part production
- AM applications in aerospace, medical, architecture, automotive, consumer, electronics and energy sectors
- Impact of AM on manufacturing, supply chains, sustainability
- Post-processing, quality assurance, simulation, automation in AM
- Latest progress with polymers, metals, ceramics and nanocomposites for AM
- Regional market demand analysis across North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, RoW
1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
2.1 Additive Manufacturing (AM) and 3D printing
2.1.1 Processes and feedstock
2.1.2 Comparison of AM and Conventional Manufacturing
2.1.3 Benefits of additive manufacturing (AM)
2.2 Market growth drivers
2.3 Trends in additive manufacturing
2.3.1 3D printing hardware
2.3.2 3D printing materials
2.4 Market players
2.4.1 Market map
2.4.2 Printer Manufacturers
2.4.3 Materials Companies
2.4.4 Software Firms
2.4.5 Service Bureaus
2.5 Market Outlook
2.5.1 Printer Hardware Advancements
2.5.2 Software and Design Advancements
2.5.3 Manufacturing and Supply Chain Impact
2.5.4 Sustainability Impact
2.6 Challenges and Limitations
2.7 Recent market news and investments
2.8 Global market 2018-2035
2.8.1 Hardware
2.8.1.1 Units
2.8.1.2 Revenues
2.8.2 Materials
2.8.2.1 Tonnes
2.8.2.2 Revenues
2.8.3 Services
2.8.3.1 Revenues
2.8.4 By region
3 INTRODUCTION
3.1 Overview of Additive Manufacturing
3.1.1 Prototyping
3.1.2 Tooling
3.1.3 Final part production
3.2 History of Additive Manufacturing
3.3 Markets
3.4 Additive Manufacturing Processes
3.4.1 Vat Photopolymerization
3.4.2 Material Jetting
3.4.3 Binder Jetting
3.4.4 Material Extrusion
3.4.5 Powder Bed Fusion
3.4.6 Sheet Lamination
3.4.7 Directed Energy Deposition
3.5 Materials
3.5.1 Polymers
3.5.2 Metals
3.5.3 Composites materials
3.5.4 Ceramics and other materials
3.6 Desktop 3D printers
4 POLYMERS
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 Plastics
4.1.1.1 Sustainable materials
4.2 Trends
4.3 Hardware
4.3.1 Material Jetting
4.3.1.1 Material Extrusion
4.3.1.1.1 Filament Extrusion
4.3.1.1.1.1 Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)
4.3.1.1.1.2 Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)
4.3.1.1.1.3 Pellet Material Extrusion
4.3.1.1.2 Large-Format Additive Manufacturing (LFAM)
4.3.1.1.2.1 FGF (Fused Granular Fabrication)
4.3.1.1.2.2 Robotic Extrusion
4.3.1.1.3 Pneumatic Extrusion
4.3.1.1.3.1 Silicone
4.3.1.1.3.2 Polyurethane
4.3.1.2 Vat Photopolymerization
4.3.1.2.1 Laser Stereolithography (SLA)
4.3.1.2.2 Digital Light Processing (DLP) Stereolithography
4.3.1.2.3 LED/LCD-based DLP Stereolithography
4.3.1.2.4 Continuous DLP Stereolithography
4.3.1.2.5 2PP and other micro 3D printing processes
4.3.1.3 Powder Bed Fusion
4.3.1.3.1 Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)
4.3.1.3.2 Multi Jet Fusion (MJF)
4.3.1.3.3 Thermal Powder Bed Fusion Processes
4.3.1.4 Material Jetting
4.3.1.4.1 PolyJet Technology
4.3.1.4.2 MultiJet Modeling (MJM)
4.4 Materials
4.4.1 Photopolymers
4.4.1.1 Photosensitive Resins
4.4.1.2 Photopolymer Resins
4.4.1.3 Resin types
4.4.1.4 Vat photopolymers
4.4.1.5 High-speed vat photopolymerization materials
4.4.1.5.1 Polyurethane-Based High-Speed Resins
4.4.1.5.2 Epoxy-Based Rapid Vat Photopolymerization
4.4.1.5.3 Silicone-Based High-Speed 3D Printing
4.4.2 Thermoplastics
4.4.2.1 General purpose filaments
4.4.2.2 Engineering Filaments
4.4.2.3 Flexible Filaments
4.4.2.4 Reinforced Filaments
4.4.2.5 High Temperature Filaments
4.4.2.6 Support Filaments
4.4.2.7 Fillers for Thermoplastic Filaments
4.4.2.8 Thermoplastic Filament Suppliers
4.4.2.9 Extrusion 3D printing (filaments and pellets)
4.4.2.9.1 ABS
4.4.2.9.2 PLA
4.4.2.9.3 Nylon (Polyamides)
4.4.2.9.4 PAEKs (PEEK and PEKK)
4.4.2.9.5 PEI (ULTEM)
4.4.2.9.6 Polyester and Co-polyester
4.4.2.9.7 Polypropylene (PP)
4.4.2.9.8 TPU/TPE and other elastomers
4.4.2.9.9 Polycarbonate
4.4.2.9.10 Polysulphones (PPS, PESU, PPSU)
4.4.2.9.11 Other materials
4.4.2.9.11.1 ABS
4.4.2.9.11.2 PLA
4.4.2.9.11.3 Nylon (Polyamides)
4.4.2.9.11.4 PAEKs (PEEK and PEKK)
4.4.2.9.11.5 PEI (ULTEM)
4.4.2.9.11.6 Polyester and Co-polyesters
4.4.2.9.11.7 Polypropylene (PP)
4.4.2.9.11.8 TPU/TPE and Elastomers
4.4.2.9.11.9 Polycarbonate
4.4.2.9.11.10 Polysulfones (PPS, PESU, PPSU)
4.4.2.9.11.11 ASA
4.4.2.9.11.12 Polystyrene and HIPS
4.4.2.9.11.13 PVDF
4.4.2.9.11.14 PVA and Water-Soluble Materials
4.4.2.9.11.15 Other Water-Soluble Options
4.4.2.10 Powders
4.4.2.10.1 Flexible Powders
4.4.2.10.2 Composite Powders
4.4.2.10.3 High Temperature Powders
4.4.2.10.4 Engineering (Other) Powders
4.4.2.10.5 Thermoplastic Powders: Post-Processing
4.4.2.10.6 Nylon
4.4.2.10.7 TPU/TPE
4.4.2.10.8 Polypropylene
4.4.2.10.9 PEEK and PEKK
4.4.3 Thermosets
4.4.3.1 Silicone
4.4.3.2 Thermoset Polyurethane
4.4.4 Hydrogels
4.4.5 Functional Polymers
4.4.5.1 Piezopolymers/Ferroelectrics
4.4.5.2 Self-Healing Polymers
4.4.5.3 Shape Memory Polymers
4.4.5.4 Blends and Alloys
4.4.5.5 Interpenetrating Networks
4.4.6 Composites
4.4.7 Biological Systems
4.4.7.1 Polysaccharides
4.4.7.2 Proteins
4.4.7.3 Bioderived Polymers
4.4.8 Smart polymers and 4D printing (shape-morphing system)
4.5 Market players
4.6 Historical and forecasted markets
4.6.1 Hardware unit sales 2018-2035
4.6.2 Hardware revenues 2018-2035
4.6.3 Regional hardware revenues, 2018-2035
4.6.4 Material volumes, 2018-2035
4.6.5 Material revenues, 2018-2035
4.6.6 Regional materials revenues, 2018-2035
5 METALS
5.1 Overview
5.2 Trends
5.3 Hardware
5.3.1 Powder Bed Fusion: Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS)
5.3.2 Powder Bed Fusion: Electron Beam Melting (EBM)
5.3.3 Directed Energy Deposition
5.3.4 Directed Energy Deposition: Wire
5.3.5 Binder Jetting: Metal Binder Jetting
5.3.6 Sand Binder Jetting
5.3.7 Sheet Lamination: Ultrasonic Additive Manufacturing (UAM)
5.3.8 Extrusion: Metal-Polymer Filament (MPFE)
5.3.9 Extrusion: Metal-Polymer Pellet
5.3.10 Extrusion: Metal Paste
5.3.11 Vat Photopolymerization: Digital Light Processing (DLP)
5.3.12 Material Jetting: Nanoparticle Jetting (NPJ)
5.3.13 Material Jetting: Magnetohydrodynamic Deposition
5.3.14 Material Jetting: Electrochemical Deposition
5.3.15 Material Jetting: Cold Spray
5.3.16 Slurry Feedstock Processes
5.3.17 Metal PBF technologies
5.3.17.1 Laser metal PBF (L-PBF or SLM)
5.3.18 Metal DED technologies
5.3.18.1 Powder metal laser DED (L-DED)
5.3.18.2 Wire metal DED (WAAM, EBAM, RPD)
5.3.19 Sinter-based technologies
5.3.19.1 Metal binder jetting (MBJ)
5.3.19.2 Metal Material Jetting (MMJ)
5.3.19.3 Bound metal material extrusion (MEX – bound)
5.3.19.4 Bound metal stereolithography (VPP – bound)
5.3.19.5 Bound metal SLS (SLS – bound)
5.3.20 Consolidation technologies
5.3.20.1 Kinetic consolidation (cold spray)
5.3.20.2 Friction consolidation (friction stir welding)
5.3.20.3 Ultrasound consolidation
5.3.20.4 EBM metal PBF (EB-PBF)
5.4 Materials
5.4.1 Metal + Polymer Filaments
5.4.2 Metal + Photopolymer Resins
5.4.3 High Entropy Alloys for AM
5.4.4 Amorphous Alloys for AM
5.4.5 Emerging Aluminum Alloys and MMCs
5.4.6 Multi-Metal AM Solutions
5.4.7 Materials Informatics for AM
5.4.8 Metal powders
5.4.8.1 Atomization processes
5.4.8.1.1 Water Atomization
5.4.8.1.2 Gas Atomization
5.4.8.1.3 Plasma Atomization
5.4.8.1.4 Electrochemical Atomization
5.4.8.2 Steel powders
5.4.8.3 Titanium and titanium alloy powders
5.4.8.4 Aluminum Alloy Powders for AM
5.4.8.4.1 Binder Jetting of Aluminum Alloys
5.4.8.4.2 Kinetic Consolidation of Aluminum and Alloys
5.4.8.5 Nickel alloy powders
5.4.8.6 Cobalt-Chromium Alloy Powders
5.4.8.7 Copper alloy powders
5.4.8.8 Refractory metal alloy powders for AM
5.4.8.9 Precious metal powders
5.4.8.10 Amorphous metal powders for AM
5.4.9 Metal wire
5.4.9.1 Steel wires
5.4.9.2 Titanium and titanium alloys wire
5.4.9.3 Aluminum and aluminum alloys wire
5.4.9.4 Nickel superalloys wire
5.4.9.5 Other metal alloys wire
5.4.10 Bound metal feedstock
5.4.10.1 Metal/Polymer Pellets
5.4.10.2 Metal/Polymer Filaments
5.4.10.3 Bound Paste Metal
5.4.10.3.1 Metal Pastes
5.4.10.3.2 Metal Inks/Gels
5.4.10.4 Bound Metal Slurries for Stereolithography
5.4.10.5 Bound Metal AM Powders for Cold Fusion
5.4.10.6 Other Bound Metal AM Feedstocks
5.5 Market players
5.6 Historical and forecasted markets
5.6.1 Hardware unit sales, 2018-2035
5.6.2 Hardware revenues, 2018-2035
5.6.3 Regional hardware revenues, 2018-2035
5.6.4 Materials volumes, 2018-2035
5.6.5 Materials revenues, 2018-2035
5.6.6 Regional materials revenues, 2018-2035
6 CERAMICS
6.1 Overview
6.1.1 Traditional ceramics in additive manufacturing
6.1.1.1 Trends
6.1.2 Technical ceramics in additive manufacturing
6.1.2.1 Trends
6.2 Hardware
6.2.1 Extrusion
6.2.1.1 Extrusion: Ceramic Paste
6.2.1.2 Extrusion: Ceramic-Polymer Filament
6.2.1.3 Extrusion: Ceramic-Polymer Pellet
6.2.2 Vat photopolymerisation
6.2.2.1 Vat photopolymerisation: stereolithography (SLA)
6.2.2.2 Vat Photopolymerization: Digital Light Processing (DLP)
6.2.3 Material jetting: nanoparticle jetting (NPJ)
6.2.4 Binder jetting: ceramic binder jetting
6.2.5 Ceramic Printers Benchmarking
6.2.6 Traditional ceramics
6.2.2.1 Binder jetting technology
6.2.2.2 Paste deposition/extrusion technologies
6.2.7 Technical ceramics
6.2.7.1 Stereolithography
6.2.7.1.1 SLA Stereolithography
6.2.7.1.2 DLP Stereolithography
6.2.7.2 Binder jetting
6.2.7.3 Material extrusion
6.2.7.3.1.1 Bound Filament Extrusion Technologies
6.2.7.3.1.2 Paste Deposition/Extrusion Technologies
6.2.3.4 Material jetting
6.3 Materials
6.3.1 Commercial Ceramic 3D Printing Materials
6.3.2 Properties of 3D Printed Ceramic Materials
6.3.3 Traditional ceramics
6.3.3.1 Binder jetting
6.3.3.2 Clays
6.3.3.3 Concrete
6.3.3.4 Glass
6.3.4 Technical ceramics
6.3.4.1 Technical ceramic slurries
6.3.4.2 Technical ceramic powders
6.3.4.3 Oxide ceramics
6.3.4.3.1 Alumina
6.3.4.3.2 Zirconia
6.3.4.3.3 Silicates and technical silica
6.3.4.4 Non-oxide ceramics
6.3.4.4.1 Silicon carbide
6.3.4.4.2 Silicon nitride
6.3.4.4.3 Boron carbide and other ceramics
6.3.4.4.4 Other Non-Oxide Ceramics
6.3.4.5 Calcium-based bioceramics
6.3.4.5.1 Tricalcium phosphate
6.3.4.5.2 Hydroxyapatite
6.4 Market players
6.5 Historical and forecasted markets
6.5.1 Hardware unit sales, 2018-2035
6.5.2 Hardware revenues, 2018-2035
6.5.3 Regional hardware revenues, 2018-2035
6.5.4 Materials volumes, 2018-2035
6.5.5 Materials revenues, 2018-2035
6.5.6 Regional materials revenues, 2018-2035
7 COMPOSITES
7.1 Overview
7.2 Trends
7.3 Hardware
7.3.1 Chopped fiber
7.3.1.1 Cartesian filament extrusion systems and OEMs
7.3.1.2 Cartesian pellet extrusion (LFAM)
7.3.1.3 Powder bed fusion (PBF)
7.3.2 Continuous fiber AM technologies and markets
7.3.2.1 Cartesian extrusion systems and OEMs
7.3.2.2 Robotic extrusion
7.3.2.3 Other hybrid technologies and processes
7.3.2.3.1 3D composite tape laying
7.3.2.3.2 Composite injection molding
7.3.2.3.3 Composite 3D lamination
7.3.2.3.4 3D printed composite tooling
7.4 Materials
7.4.1 Filament Extrusion 3D Printed Composite Parts
7.4.2 Powder Bed Fusion 3D Printed Composite Parts
7.4.3 Continuous Fiber 3D Printed Composite Parts
7.4.4 Matrix Considerations
7.4.5 Mechanical Properties
7.4.6 Recycled Carbon Fiber as Feedstock Material
7.4.7 Nanomaterials
7.4.8 Composite filament materials
7.4.8.1 Graphene
7.4.9 Composite pellet materials
7.4.10 Composite powder materials
7.4.11 Continuous fiber materials
7.5 Market players
7.6 Historical and forecasted markets
7.6.1 Hardware unit sales, 2018-2035
7.6.2 Hardware revenues, 2018-2035
7.6.3 Regional hardware revenues, 2018-2035
7.6.4 Materials volumes, 2018-2035
7.6.5 Materials revenues, 2018-2035
7.6.6 Regional materials revenues, 2018-2035
8 POST-PROCESSING
8.1 Process monitoring
8.1.1 Introduction
8.1.1.1 Material removal
8.1.1.2 Process-Inherent Treatments
8.1.1.3 Surface Finishing Techniques
8.1.1.4 Other Post-Processing Treatments
8.1.2 Process Monitoring of Metal Powder Bed Fusion
8.2 Metal vs. Polymer in Post-processing
8.3 Post-processing Approaches
8.3.1 Metal vs. Polymer in Post-processing
8.3.1.1 Metal AM Post-processing
8.3.1.2 Polymer AM Post-processing
8.3.1.3 Post-processing in the Context of 3D Printing Production
8.4 Polymer post-processing
8.5 Metal post-processing
8.6 Sustainability in Post-processing
8.7 Market players
9 SOFTWARE AND SERVICES
9.1 Software for 3D printing
9.1.1 Hobbyist 3D printing software
9.1.2 Professional 3D printing software
9.1.3 3D scanning software
9.1.4 Computer aided design (CAD)
9.1.5 Market players
9.2 3D scanning
9.2.1 Types of 3D Scanning Technologies
9.2.1.1 Laser Triangulation
9.2.1.2 Structured Light
9.2.1.3 3D Computed Tomography (CT)
9.2.1.4 Price Segmentation of 3D Scanners
9.2.1.5 Applications
9.3 Production services
9.3.1 Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM)
9.3.2 Challenges
9.3.3 Market outlook
9.3.4 Market players
9.3.5 Global revenues
10 MARKETS FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
10.1 Prototypes
10.1.1 Functional prototypes
10.1.2 Multi-iteration prototyping
10.1.3 Prototype to production
10.2 Tools
10.2.1 Molds for die casting
10.2.2 Mechanical tools
10.2.3 End of arm tools (EOAT)
10.3 Final parts
10.4 Aerospace
10.4.1 Overview
10.4.2 Materials and applications
10.4.3 Market players
10.4.4 Product examples
10.5 Medical and Dental
10.5.1 Overview
10.5.1.1 Bio-Printing
10.5.2 Materials and applications
10.5.2.1 Polymers
10.5.2.2 Metals
10.5.2.3 Ceramics
10.5.2.4 Composites
10.5.2.5 Medical devices
10.5.2.5.1 3D Printing as a Surgical Tool
10.5.2.5.2 3D Printing Custom Plates, Implants, Valves, and Stents
10.5.2.5.3 3D Printing External Medical Devices
10.5.2.5.4 High-Temperature Thermoplastic Filaments and Powders
10.5.2.5.5 Photosensitive Resins
10.5.2.5.6 Titanium Alloy Powders
10.5.2.5.7 Bioactive Ceramic Filaments and Resins
10.5.2.6 Pharmaceuticals
10.5.2.6.1 Novel Dissolution Profiles
10.5.2.6.2 Personalized Medication
10.5.2.6.3 Novel Drugs and Drug Testing
10.5.2.6.4 Commercial Status and Regulatory Overview
10.5.2.7 Dental
10.5.2.7.1 Polymer Materials
10.5.2.7.2 Metal Materials
10.5.2.7.3 Ceramic Materials
10.5.2.7.4 Composite Materials
10.5.2.7.5 Digital Dentistry and 3D Printing
10.5.2.7.6 Photopolymer Resins for Dentistry
10.5.2.7.7 3D Printed Orthodontics
10.5.3 Market players
10.5.4 Product examples
10.6 Architecture & Construction
10.6.1 Overview
10.6.1.1 Market Drivers
10.6.2 Materials and applications
10.6.2.1 Key materials
10.6.2.2 Clay 3D Printing
10.6.2.3 Thermoset 3D Printing
10.6.2.4 Barriers to Adoption of Concrete 3D Printing
10.6.3 Market players
10.6.4 Product examples
10.7 Automotive
10.7.1 Overview
10.7.2 Materials and applications
10.7.2.1 Electric vehicles (EVs)
10.7.2.1.1 Prototyping
10.7.2.1.2 Tools, Jigs, and Fixtures
10.7.2.1.3 Electric Motors
10.7.2.1.4 Electric Motor Components
10.7.2.1.5 3D Printed Sand Casting
10.7.2.1.6 Lithium-Ion Batteries (LIBs)
10.7.2.1.7 Solid-State Batteries (SSBs)
10.7.2.1.8 Thermal Management
10.7.2.1.9 Interior and Body Parts
10.7.2.1.10 Luxury EVs
10.7.2.1.11 Market opportunities in EVs
10.7.2.1.12 Market barriers
10.7.3 Market players
10.7.4 Product examples
10.8 Consumer Products
10.8.1 Overview
10.8.2 Materials and applications
10.8.3 Challenges
10.8.4 Market players
10.8.5 Product examples
10.9 Energy
10.9.1 Overview
10.9.1.1 Energy Generation
10.9.1.2 Energy Storage
10.9.1.3 Energy Distribution and Infrastructure
10.9.1.4 Energy Efficiency and Sustainability
10.9.2 Materials and applications
10.10 Industrial machinery and tooling
10.10.1 Overview
10.10.2 Materials and applications
10.11 Electronics
10.11.1 Overview
10.11.2 Materials and applications
10.11.3 Market players
10.12 Oil and Gas
10.12.1 Overview
10.12.2 Materials and applications
10.13 Marine
10.13.1 Overview
10.13.2 Materials and applications
10.14 3D-printed food
10.14.1 Overview
10.14.2 Materials and applications
10.14.3 Market players
11 COMPANY PROFILES
12 ACRONYMS
13 REFERENCES
2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
2.1 Additive Manufacturing (AM) and 3D printing
2.1.1 Processes and feedstock
2.1.2 Comparison of AM and Conventional Manufacturing
2.1.3 Benefits of additive manufacturing (AM)
2.2 Market growth drivers
2.3 Trends in additive manufacturing
2.3.1 3D printing hardware
2.3.2 3D printing materials
2.4 Market players
2.4.1 Market map
2.4.2 Printer Manufacturers
2.4.3 Materials Companies
2.4.4 Software Firms
2.4.5 Service Bureaus
2.5 Market Outlook
2.5.1 Printer Hardware Advancements
2.5.2 Software and Design Advancements
2.5.3 Manufacturing and Supply Chain Impact
2.5.4 Sustainability Impact
2.6 Challenges and Limitations
2.7 Recent market news and investments
2.8 Global market 2018-2035
2.8.1 Hardware
2.8.1.1 Units
2.8.1.2 Revenues
2.8.2 Materials
2.8.2.1 Tonnes
2.8.2.2 Revenues
2.8.3 Services
2.8.3.1 Revenues
2.8.4 By region
3 INTRODUCTION
3.1 Overview of Additive Manufacturing
3.1.1 Prototyping
3.1.2 Tooling
3.1.3 Final part production
3.2 History of Additive Manufacturing
3.3 Markets
3.4 Additive Manufacturing Processes
3.4.1 Vat Photopolymerization
3.4.2 Material Jetting
3.4.3 Binder Jetting
3.4.4 Material Extrusion
3.4.5 Powder Bed Fusion
3.4.6 Sheet Lamination
3.4.7 Directed Energy Deposition
3.5 Materials
3.5.1 Polymers
3.5.2 Metals
3.5.3 Composites materials
3.5.4 Ceramics and other materials
3.6 Desktop 3D printers
4 POLYMERS
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 Plastics
4.1.1.1 Sustainable materials
4.2 Trends
4.3 Hardware
4.3.1 Material Jetting
4.3.1.1 Material Extrusion
4.3.1.1.1 Filament Extrusion
4.3.1.1.1.1 Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)
4.3.1.1.1.2 Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)
4.3.1.1.1.3 Pellet Material Extrusion
4.3.1.1.2 Large-Format Additive Manufacturing (LFAM)
4.3.1.1.2.1 FGF (Fused Granular Fabrication)
4.3.1.1.2.2 Robotic Extrusion
4.3.1.1.3 Pneumatic Extrusion
4.3.1.1.3.1 Silicone
4.3.1.1.3.2 Polyurethane
4.3.1.2 Vat Photopolymerization
4.3.1.2.1 Laser Stereolithography (SLA)
4.3.1.2.2 Digital Light Processing (DLP) Stereolithography
4.3.1.2.3 LED/LCD-based DLP Stereolithography
4.3.1.2.4 Continuous DLP Stereolithography
4.3.1.2.5 2PP and other micro 3D printing processes
4.3.1.3 Powder Bed Fusion
4.3.1.3.1 Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)
4.3.1.3.2 Multi Jet Fusion (MJF)
4.3.1.3.3 Thermal Powder Bed Fusion Processes
4.3.1.4 Material Jetting
4.3.1.4.1 PolyJet Technology
4.3.1.4.2 MultiJet Modeling (MJM)
4.4 Materials
4.4.1 Photopolymers
4.4.1.1 Photosensitive Resins
4.4.1.2 Photopolymer Resins
4.4.1.3 Resin types
4.4.1.4 Vat photopolymers
4.4.1.5 High-speed vat photopolymerization materials
4.4.1.5.1 Polyurethane-Based High-Speed Resins
4.4.1.5.2 Epoxy-Based Rapid Vat Photopolymerization
4.4.1.5.3 Silicone-Based High-Speed 3D Printing
4.4.2 Thermoplastics
4.4.2.1 General purpose filaments
4.4.2.2 Engineering Filaments
4.4.2.3 Flexible Filaments
4.4.2.4 Reinforced Filaments
4.4.2.5 High Temperature Filaments
4.4.2.6 Support Filaments
4.4.2.7 Fillers for Thermoplastic Filaments
4.4.2.8 Thermoplastic Filament Suppliers
4.4.2.9 Extrusion 3D printing (filaments and pellets)
4.4.2.9.1 ABS
4.4.2.9.2 PLA
4.4.2.9.3 Nylon (Polyamides)
4.4.2.9.4 PAEKs (PEEK and PEKK)
4.4.2.9.5 PEI (ULTEM)
4.4.2.9.6 Polyester and Co-polyester
4.4.2.9.7 Polypropylene (PP)
4.4.2.9.8 TPU/TPE and other elastomers
4.4.2.9.9 Polycarbonate
4.4.2.9.10 Polysulphones (PPS, PESU, PPSU)
4.4.2.9.11 Other materials
4.4.2.9.11.1 ABS
4.4.2.9.11.2 PLA
4.4.2.9.11.3 Nylon (Polyamides)
4.4.2.9.11.4 PAEKs (PEEK and PEKK)
4.4.2.9.11.5 PEI (ULTEM)
4.4.2.9.11.6 Polyester and Co-polyesters
4.4.2.9.11.7 Polypropylene (PP)
4.4.2.9.11.8 TPU/TPE and Elastomers
4.4.2.9.11.9 Polycarbonate
4.4.2.9.11.10 Polysulfones (PPS, PESU, PPSU)
4.4.2.9.11.11 ASA
4.4.2.9.11.12 Polystyrene and HIPS
4.4.2.9.11.13 PVDF
4.4.2.9.11.14 PVA and Water-Soluble Materials
4.4.2.9.11.15 Other Water-Soluble Options
4.4.2.10 Powders
4.4.2.10.1 Flexible Powders
4.4.2.10.2 Composite Powders
4.4.2.10.3 High Temperature Powders
4.4.2.10.4 Engineering (Other) Powders
4.4.2.10.5 Thermoplastic Powders: Post-Processing
4.4.2.10.6 Nylon
4.4.2.10.7 TPU/TPE
4.4.2.10.8 Polypropylene
4.4.2.10.9 PEEK and PEKK
4.4.3 Thermosets
4.4.3.1 Silicone
4.4.3.2 Thermoset Polyurethane
4.4.4 Hydrogels
4.4.5 Functional Polymers
4.4.5.1 Piezopolymers/Ferroelectrics
4.4.5.2 Self-Healing Polymers
4.4.5.3 Shape Memory Polymers
4.4.5.4 Blends and Alloys
4.4.5.5 Interpenetrating Networks
4.4.6 Composites
4.4.7 Biological Systems
4.4.7.1 Polysaccharides
4.4.7.2 Proteins
4.4.7.3 Bioderived Polymers
4.4.8 Smart polymers and 4D printing (shape-morphing system)
4.5 Market players
4.6 Historical and forecasted markets
4.6.1 Hardware unit sales 2018-2035
4.6.2 Hardware revenues 2018-2035
4.6.3 Regional hardware revenues, 2018-2035
4.6.4 Material volumes, 2018-2035
4.6.5 Material revenues, 2018-2035
4.6.6 Regional materials revenues, 2018-2035
5 METALS
5.1 Overview
5.2 Trends
5.3 Hardware
5.3.1 Powder Bed Fusion: Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS)
5.3.2 Powder Bed Fusion: Electron Beam Melting (EBM)
5.3.3 Directed Energy Deposition
5.3.4 Directed Energy Deposition: Wire
5.3.5 Binder Jetting: Metal Binder Jetting
5.3.6 Sand Binder Jetting
5.3.7 Sheet Lamination: Ultrasonic Additive Manufacturing (UAM)
5.3.8 Extrusion: Metal-Polymer Filament (MPFE)
5.3.9 Extrusion: Metal-Polymer Pellet
5.3.10 Extrusion: Metal Paste
5.3.11 Vat Photopolymerization: Digital Light Processing (DLP)
5.3.12 Material Jetting: Nanoparticle Jetting (NPJ)
5.3.13 Material Jetting: Magnetohydrodynamic Deposition
5.3.14 Material Jetting: Electrochemical Deposition
5.3.15 Material Jetting: Cold Spray
5.3.16 Slurry Feedstock Processes
5.3.17 Metal PBF technologies
5.3.17.1 Laser metal PBF (L-PBF or SLM)
5.3.18 Metal DED technologies
5.3.18.1 Powder metal laser DED (L-DED)
5.3.18.2 Wire metal DED (WAAM, EBAM, RPD)
5.3.19 Sinter-based technologies
5.3.19.1 Metal binder jetting (MBJ)
5.3.19.2 Metal Material Jetting (MMJ)
5.3.19.3 Bound metal material extrusion (MEX – bound)
5.3.19.4 Bound metal stereolithography (VPP – bound)
5.3.19.5 Bound metal SLS (SLS – bound)
5.3.20 Consolidation technologies
5.3.20.1 Kinetic consolidation (cold spray)
5.3.20.2 Friction consolidation (friction stir welding)
5.3.20.3 Ultrasound consolidation
5.3.20.4 EBM metal PBF (EB-PBF)
5.4 Materials
5.4.1 Metal + Polymer Filaments
5.4.2 Metal + Photopolymer Resins
5.4.3 High Entropy Alloys for AM
5.4.4 Amorphous Alloys for AM
5.4.5 Emerging Aluminum Alloys and MMCs
5.4.6 Multi-Metal AM Solutions
5.4.7 Materials Informatics for AM
5.4.8 Metal powders
5.4.8.1 Atomization processes
5.4.8.1.1 Water Atomization
5.4.8.1.2 Gas Atomization
5.4.8.1.3 Plasma Atomization
5.4.8.1.4 Electrochemical Atomization
5.4.8.2 Steel powders
5.4.8.3 Titanium and titanium alloy powders
5.4.8.4 Aluminum Alloy Powders for AM
5.4.8.4.1 Binder Jetting of Aluminum Alloys
5.4.8.4.2 Kinetic Consolidation of Aluminum and Alloys
5.4.8.5 Nickel alloy powders
5.4.8.6 Cobalt-Chromium Alloy Powders
5.4.8.7 Copper alloy powders
5.4.8.8 Refractory metal alloy powders for AM
5.4.8.9 Precious metal powders
5.4.8.10 Amorphous metal powders for AM
5.4.9 Metal wire
5.4.9.1 Steel wires
5.4.9.2 Titanium and titanium alloys wire
5.4.9.3 Aluminum and aluminum alloys wire
5.4.9.4 Nickel superalloys wire
5.4.9.5 Other metal alloys wire
5.4.10 Bound metal feedstock
5.4.10.1 Metal/Polymer Pellets
5.4.10.2 Metal/Polymer Filaments
5.4.10.3 Bound Paste Metal
5.4.10.3.1 Metal Pastes
5.4.10.3.2 Metal Inks/Gels
5.4.10.4 Bound Metal Slurries for Stereolithography
5.4.10.5 Bound Metal AM Powders for Cold Fusion
5.4.10.6 Other Bound Metal AM Feedstocks
5.5 Market players
5.6 Historical and forecasted markets
5.6.1 Hardware unit sales, 2018-2035
5.6.2 Hardware revenues, 2018-2035
5.6.3 Regional hardware revenues, 2018-2035
5.6.4 Materials volumes, 2018-2035
5.6.5 Materials revenues, 2018-2035
5.6.6 Regional materials revenues, 2018-2035
6 CERAMICS
6.1 Overview
6.1.1 Traditional ceramics in additive manufacturing
6.1.1.1 Trends
6.1.2 Technical ceramics in additive manufacturing
6.1.2.1 Trends
6.2 Hardware
6.2.1 Extrusion
6.2.1.1 Extrusion: Ceramic Paste
6.2.1.2 Extrusion: Ceramic-Polymer Filament
6.2.1.3 Extrusion: Ceramic-Polymer Pellet
6.2.2 Vat photopolymerisation
6.2.2.1 Vat photopolymerisation: stereolithography (SLA)
6.2.2.2 Vat Photopolymerization: Digital Light Processing (DLP)
6.2.3 Material jetting: nanoparticle jetting (NPJ)
6.2.4 Binder jetting: ceramic binder jetting
6.2.5 Ceramic Printers Benchmarking
6.2.6 Traditional ceramics
6.2.2.1 Binder jetting technology
6.2.2.2 Paste deposition/extrusion technologies
6.2.7 Technical ceramics
6.2.7.1 Stereolithography
6.2.7.1.1 SLA Stereolithography
6.2.7.1.2 DLP Stereolithography
6.2.7.2 Binder jetting
6.2.7.3 Material extrusion
6.2.7.3.1.1 Bound Filament Extrusion Technologies
6.2.7.3.1.2 Paste Deposition/Extrusion Technologies
6.2.3.4 Material jetting
6.3 Materials
6.3.1 Commercial Ceramic 3D Printing Materials
6.3.2 Properties of 3D Printed Ceramic Materials
6.3.3 Traditional ceramics
6.3.3.1 Binder jetting
6.3.3.2 Clays
6.3.3.3 Concrete
6.3.3.4 Glass
6.3.4 Technical ceramics
6.3.4.1 Technical ceramic slurries
6.3.4.2 Technical ceramic powders
6.3.4.3 Oxide ceramics
6.3.4.3.1 Alumina
6.3.4.3.2 Zirconia
6.3.4.3.3 Silicates and technical silica
6.3.4.4 Non-oxide ceramics
6.3.4.4.1 Silicon carbide
6.3.4.4.2 Silicon nitride
6.3.4.4.3 Boron carbide and other ceramics
6.3.4.4.4 Other Non-Oxide Ceramics
6.3.4.5 Calcium-based bioceramics
6.3.4.5.1 Tricalcium phosphate
6.3.4.5.2 Hydroxyapatite
6.4 Market players
6.5 Historical and forecasted markets
6.5.1 Hardware unit sales, 2018-2035
6.5.2 Hardware revenues, 2018-2035
6.5.3 Regional hardware revenues, 2018-2035
6.5.4 Materials volumes, 2018-2035
6.5.5 Materials revenues, 2018-2035
6.5.6 Regional materials revenues, 2018-2035
7 COMPOSITES
7.1 Overview
7.2 Trends
7.3 Hardware
7.3.1 Chopped fiber
7.3.1.1 Cartesian filament extrusion systems and OEMs
7.3.1.2 Cartesian pellet extrusion (LFAM)
7.3.1.3 Powder bed fusion (PBF)
7.3.2 Continuous fiber AM technologies and markets
7.3.2.1 Cartesian extrusion systems and OEMs
7.3.2.2 Robotic extrusion
7.3.2.3 Other hybrid technologies and processes
7.3.2.3.1 3D composite tape laying
7.3.2.3.2 Composite injection molding
7.3.2.3.3 Composite 3D lamination
7.3.2.3.4 3D printed composite tooling
7.4 Materials
7.4.1 Filament Extrusion 3D Printed Composite Parts
7.4.2 Powder Bed Fusion 3D Printed Composite Parts
7.4.3 Continuous Fiber 3D Printed Composite Parts
7.4.4 Matrix Considerations
7.4.5 Mechanical Properties
7.4.6 Recycled Carbon Fiber as Feedstock Material
7.4.7 Nanomaterials
7.4.8 Composite filament materials
7.4.8.1 Graphene
7.4.9 Composite pellet materials
7.4.10 Composite powder materials
7.4.11 Continuous fiber materials
7.5 Market players
7.6 Historical and forecasted markets
7.6.1 Hardware unit sales, 2018-2035
7.6.2 Hardware revenues, 2018-2035
7.6.3 Regional hardware revenues, 2018-2035
7.6.4 Materials volumes, 2018-2035
7.6.5 Materials revenues, 2018-2035
7.6.6 Regional materials revenues, 2018-2035
8 POST-PROCESSING
8.1 Process monitoring
8.1.1 Introduction
8.1.1.1 Material removal
8.1.1.2 Process-Inherent Treatments
8.1.1.3 Surface Finishing Techniques
8.1.1.4 Other Post-Processing Treatments
8.1.2 Process Monitoring of Metal Powder Bed Fusion
8.2 Metal vs. Polymer in Post-processing
8.3 Post-processing Approaches
8.3.1 Metal vs. Polymer in Post-processing
8.3.1.1 Metal AM Post-processing
8.3.1.2 Polymer AM Post-processing
8.3.1.3 Post-processing in the Context of 3D Printing Production
8.4 Polymer post-processing
8.5 Metal post-processing
8.6 Sustainability in Post-processing
8.7 Market players
9 SOFTWARE AND SERVICES
9.1 Software for 3D printing
9.1.1 Hobbyist 3D printing software
9.1.2 Professional 3D printing software
9.1.3 3D scanning software
9.1.4 Computer aided design (CAD)
9.1.5 Market players
9.2 3D scanning
9.2.1 Types of 3D Scanning Technologies
9.2.1.1 Laser Triangulation
9.2.1.2 Structured Light
9.2.1.3 3D Computed Tomography (CT)
9.2.1.4 Price Segmentation of 3D Scanners
9.2.1.5 Applications
9.3 Production services
9.3.1 Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM)
9.3.2 Challenges
9.3.3 Market outlook
9.3.4 Market players
9.3.5 Global revenues
10 MARKETS FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
10.1 Prototypes
10.1.1 Functional prototypes
10.1.2 Multi-iteration prototyping
10.1.3 Prototype to production
10.2 Tools
10.2.1 Molds for die casting
10.2.2 Mechanical tools
10.2.3 End of arm tools (EOAT)
10.3 Final parts
10.4 Aerospace
10.4.1 Overview
10.4.2 Materials and applications
10.4.3 Market players
10.4.4 Product examples
10.5 Medical and Dental
10.5.1 Overview
10.5.1.1 Bio-Printing
10.5.2 Materials and applications
10.5.2.1 Polymers
10.5.2.2 Metals
10.5.2.3 Ceramics
10.5.2.4 Composites
10.5.2.5 Medical devices
10.5.2.5.1 3D Printing as a Surgical Tool
10.5.2.5.2 3D Printing Custom Plates, Implants, Valves, and Stents
10.5.2.5.3 3D Printing External Medical Devices
10.5.2.5.4 High-Temperature Thermoplastic Filaments and Powders
10.5.2.5.5 Photosensitive Resins
10.5.2.5.6 Titanium Alloy Powders
10.5.2.5.7 Bioactive Ceramic Filaments and Resins
10.5.2.6 Pharmaceuticals
10.5.2.6.1 Novel Dissolution Profiles
10.5.2.6.2 Personalized Medication
10.5.2.6.3 Novel Drugs and Drug Testing
10.5.2.6.4 Commercial Status and Regulatory Overview
10.5.2.7 Dental
10.5.2.7.1 Polymer Materials
10.5.2.7.2 Metal Materials
10.5.2.7.3 Ceramic Materials
10.5.2.7.4 Composite Materials
10.5.2.7.5 Digital Dentistry and 3D Printing
10.5.2.7.6 Photopolymer Resins for Dentistry
10.5.2.7.7 3D Printed Orthodontics
10.5.3 Market players
10.5.4 Product examples
10.6 Architecture & Construction
10.6.1 Overview
10.6.1.1 Market Drivers
10.6.2 Materials and applications
10.6.2.1 Key materials
10.6.2.2 Clay 3D Printing
10.6.2.3 Thermoset 3D Printing
10.6.2.4 Barriers to Adoption of Concrete 3D Printing
10.6.3 Market players
10.6.4 Product examples
10.7 Automotive
10.7.1 Overview
10.7.2 Materials and applications
10.7.2.1 Electric vehicles (EVs)
10.7.2.1.1 Prototyping
10.7.2.1.2 Tools, Jigs, and Fixtures
10.7.2.1.3 Electric Motors
10.7.2.1.4 Electric Motor Components
10.7.2.1.5 3D Printed Sand Casting
10.7.2.1.6 Lithium-Ion Batteries (LIBs)
10.7.2.1.7 Solid-State Batteries (SSBs)
10.7.2.1.8 Thermal Management
10.7.2.1.9 Interior and Body Parts
10.7.2.1.10 Luxury EVs
10.7.2.1.11 Market opportunities in EVs
10.7.2.1.12 Market barriers
10.7.3 Market players
10.7.4 Product examples
10.8 Consumer Products
10.8.1 Overview
10.8.2 Materials and applications
10.8.3 Challenges
10.8.4 Market players
10.8.5 Product examples
10.9 Energy
10.9.1 Overview
10.9.1.1 Energy Generation
10.9.1.2 Energy Storage
10.9.1.3 Energy Distribution and Infrastructure
10.9.1.4 Energy Efficiency and Sustainability
10.9.2 Materials and applications
10.10 Industrial machinery and tooling
10.10.1 Overview
10.10.2 Materials and applications
10.11 Electronics
10.11.1 Overview
10.11.2 Materials and applications
10.11.3 Market players
10.12 Oil and Gas
10.12.1 Overview
10.12.2 Materials and applications
10.13 Marine
10.13.1 Overview
10.13.2 Materials and applications
10.14 3D-printed food
10.14.1 Overview
10.14.2 Materials and applications
10.14.3 Market players
11 COMPANY PROFILES
12 ACRONYMS
13 REFERENCES
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Additive Manufacturing (AM) and 3D printing processes and feedstock.
Table 2. Comparison of AM and Conventional Manufacturing.
Table 3. AM techniques, useable materials, and pros and cons.
Table 4. Market growth drivers for 3D printing and additive manufacturing.
Table 5. Market Players-Printer Manufacturers.
Table 6. Market players-3D printing materials.
Table 7. Market Players-3D Printing Software and Services.
Table 8. Market Players-3D Printing Service Bureaus.
Table 9. Challenges and limitations in additive manufacturing.
Table 10. Recent market news and investments in 3D printing and additive manufacturing.
Table 11. Global market for 3D printing hardware, by technology, 2018-2035 (1,000 Units).
Table 12. Global market for 3D printing hardware, by technology, 2018-2035 (Millions USD).
Table 13. Global market for 3D printing, by material, 2018-2035 (1,000 tonnes).
Table 14. Polymer 3D Printing Materials Forecast by Feedstock (1,000 Tonnes), 2018-2035.
Table 15. Metal 3D Printing Materials Forecast by Feedstock (1,000 Tonnes), 2018-2035.
Table 16. Global market for 3D printing hardware, by material, 2018-2035 (millions USD).
Table 17. Polymer 3D Printing Materials Forecast by Feedstock (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Table 18. Metal 3D Printing Materials Forecast by Feedstock (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Table 19. Global market for 3D printing AM services, 2018-2035 (Millions USD).
Table 20. Global Market for 3D Printing Hardware by Region (1,000 Units), 2018-2035.
Table 21. Global Market for 3D Printing Hardware by Region (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Table 22. Global Market for 3D Printing Materials by Region (1,000 Tonnes), 2018-2035.
Table 23. Global Market for 3D Printing Materials by Region (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Table 24. Markets and applications in 3D printing.
Table 25. Types of 3D printing processes.
Table 26. Comparison of AM processes.
Table 27. Desktop 3D Printer Products
Table 28. Overview of polymer 3D printing technologies.
Table 29. Types of polymer materials for 3D printing.
Table 30. Trends in polymer additive manufacturing.
Table 31. 3D polymer printing technologies.
Table 32. Material Jetting Vendors/Systems.
Table 33. Polymer Printer Benchmarking.
Table 34. Photosensitive Resin Suppliers.
Table 35. Photosensitive Resin Advantages and Disadvantages.
Table 36. Resin types.
Table 37. Castable Resins properties.
Table 38. Tough and Rigid Digital Materials.
Table 39. High Temperature Resins properties.
Table 40. Transparent Resins properties.
Table 41. Flexible Elastomeric Resins.
Table 42. General Purpose Filaments.
Table 43. Engineering thermoplastic filaments.
Table 44. Reinforced Filaments.
Table 45. High Temperature Filaments.
Table 46. Fillers for Thermoplastic Filaments.
Table 47. Thermoplastic Filament Suppliers.
Table 48. Thermoplastic materials for extrusion 3D printing.
Table 49. Engineering (Nylon) Powders.
Table 50. Composite powder types and benefits.
Table 51. High temperature powders and properties.
Table 52. Thermoplastic Powder Suppliers.
Table 53. 4D printed hydrogels.
Table 54. Market players in polymer additive manufacturing.
Table 55. Polymer 3D Printing/Additive Manufacturing Hardware Unit Sales (1,000 Units), 2018-2035.
Table 56. Polymer 3D Printing/Additive Manufacturing Hardware Revenues (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Table 57. Polymer 3D Printing/Additive Manufacturing Hardware Revenues, 2018-2035 (Millions USD), by Region.
Table 58. Polymer 3D Printing/Additive Manufacturing Material Volumes, 2018-2035 (Tonnes).
Table 59. Polymer AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD).
Table 60. Polymer AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD), by region.
Table 61. Overview of metal 3D printing technologies.
Table 62. Trends in metal additive manufacturing.
Table 63. 3D Metal Printing Technologies.
Table 64. Metal Printers: Benchmarking
Table 65. Metal AM feedstocks.
Table 66. Compatibility of metal alloys with AM technologies.
Table 67. Suppliers of metal powders for AM applications.
Table 68. Steel powder applications for AM.
Table 69. Aluminum alloy powder applications in AM.
Table 70. Nickel superalloy powder applications in AM.
Table 71. Cobalt-chromium alloy powder applications in AM.
Table 72.Copper alloy powder applications in AM in a table.
Table 73. Refractory metal alloy powder applications for AM.
Table 74. Precious metal powder applications in AM.
Table 75. Amorphous metal powder applications in AM.
Table 76. Metal wire vs metal AM powder costs.
Table 77. Steel Wires for AM.
Table 78. Other Metal Alloy Wires for AM.
Table 79. Bound Metal AM Feedstocks.
Table 80. Market players in metal AM manufacturing.
Table 81. Metal AM hardware unit sales 2018-2035.
Table 82. Metal AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD).
Table 83. Metal AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD), by region.
Table 84. Metal AM material volumes, 2018-2035 (tonnes).
Table 85. Metal AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD).
Table 86. Metal AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD), by region.
Table 87. Overview of 3D printing ceramics.
Table 88. Trends in traditional ceramic additive manufacturing.
Table 89. Trends in technical ceramic additive manufacturing.
Table 90. Build Volumes by Printer Manufacturer.
Table 91. Minimum Z Resolution by Printer Manufacturer.
Table 92. Minimum XY Resolution by Printer Manufacturer.
Table 93. Build Speed by Technology Type.
Table 94. Evaluation of Ceramic 3D Printing Technologies.
Table 95. Commercial Ceramic 3D Printing Materials.
Table 96. Classification by feedstock type.
Table 97. Classification by application.
Table 98. Classification by Chemistry
Table 99. Properties of 3D Printed Ceramic Materials.
Table 100. Concrete applications in AM
Table 101. Technical Ceramic Slurry Products and Suppliers.
Table 102. Technical Ceramic Powder Products and Suppliers.
Table 103. Technical Ceramic Bound Filament Products and Suppliers.
Table 104. Market players in ceramics additive manufacturing.
Table 105. Ceramic AM hardware unit sales 2018-2035.
Table 106. Ceramic AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD).
Table 107. Ceramic AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD), by region.
Table 108. Ceramic AM material volumes, 2018-2035 (tonnes).
Table 109. Ceramic AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD).
Table 110. Ceramic AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD), by region.
Table 111. Trends in composites additive manufacturing.
Table 112. Composite Material Feedstock.
Table 113.Types of composite materials used in AM
Table 114. Composite Filament Materials Types
Table 115. Composite Pellet Materials Types
Table 116. Composite Powder Materials Types.
Table 117. Continuous Fiber Materials Types.
Table 118. Continuous fiber 3D printing producers.
Table 119. Market players in composites additive manufacturing.
Table 120. Composites AM hardware unit sales 2018-2035.
Table 121. Composites AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD).
Table 122. Composites AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD), by region.
Table 123. Composites AM material volumes, 2018-2035 (tonnes).
Table 124. Composites AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD).
Table 125. Composites AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD), by region.
Table 126. Overview of Post-Processing Techniques for Metal Additive Manufacturing
Table 127. Overview of Post-Processing Techniques for Polymer Additive Manufacturing.
Table 128. Common post-processing techniques for various polymer materials.
Table 129. Post-processing Approaches.
Table 130. AM post-processing companies
Table 131. Market players in AM software.
Table 132. Price segmentation for different types of 3D scanners:
Table 133. Key industries for 3D scanning and their applications.
Table 134. 3D Printing Service Bureaus
Table 135. Global AM Software Revenues by Tool Type, (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Table 136. Global AM Software Revenues by Market, (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Table 137. Global AM Service Revenues, (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Table 138. Markets and applications for additive manufacturing.
Table 139. 3D printing applications in aerospace.
Table 140. Market players in 3D printing for aerospace.
Table 141. 3D printed product examples in Aerospace.
Table 142. 3D printing technologies in medical and dental.
Table 143. Applications of polymer 3D printing in medical and dental.
Table 144. Polymers used in medical 3D printing.
Table 145. Metals Used in Medical 3D Printing.
Table 146. Ceramics Used in Medical 3D Printing.
Table 147. Composites Used in Medical 3D Printing.
Table 148. Applications of 3D printing in medical devices.
Table 149. Applications of 3D Printing in Pharmaceuticals.
Table 150. Applications of 3D printing in dentistry.
Table 151. Market players in 3D printing in Medical and Dental.
Table 152. 3D printed product examples in Medical and Dental.
Table 153. Main categories of concrete AM technology.
Table 154. Key materials used in concrete 3D printing.
Table 155. Concrete 3D Printing Projects.
Table 156. 3D printing construction companies.
Table 157. 3D printed product examples in Architecture and Construction.
Table 158. 3D printed cars.
Table 159. 3D printing applications in automotive.
Table 160. Market players in automotive additive manufacturing.
Table 161. 3D printed product examples in Automotive.
Table 162. 3D printing applications in consumer goods.
Table 163. Market players in 3D printed consumer products.
Table 164. 3D printed product examples in Consumer Products.
Table 165. 3D printing applications in energy.
Table 166. 3D printing applications in industrial machinery and tooling.
Table 167. 3D printing applications in electronics.
Table 168. Market Players in 3D Printing for Electronics.
Table 169. 3D printing applications in oil and gas.
Table 170. 3D printing applications in the marine industry.
Table 171. 3D printing applications in 3d printed food.
Table 172. Companies developing 3D printed food.
Table 173. Additive manufacturing acronyms.
Table 1. Additive Manufacturing (AM) and 3D printing processes and feedstock.
Table 2. Comparison of AM and Conventional Manufacturing.
Table 3. AM techniques, useable materials, and pros and cons.
Table 4. Market growth drivers for 3D printing and additive manufacturing.
Table 5. Market Players-Printer Manufacturers.
Table 6. Market players-3D printing materials.
Table 7. Market Players-3D Printing Software and Services.
Table 8. Market Players-3D Printing Service Bureaus.
Table 9. Challenges and limitations in additive manufacturing.
Table 10. Recent market news and investments in 3D printing and additive manufacturing.
Table 11. Global market for 3D printing hardware, by technology, 2018-2035 (1,000 Units).
Table 12. Global market for 3D printing hardware, by technology, 2018-2035 (Millions USD).
Table 13. Global market for 3D printing, by material, 2018-2035 (1,000 tonnes).
Table 14. Polymer 3D Printing Materials Forecast by Feedstock (1,000 Tonnes), 2018-2035.
Table 15. Metal 3D Printing Materials Forecast by Feedstock (1,000 Tonnes), 2018-2035.
Table 16. Global market for 3D printing hardware, by material, 2018-2035 (millions USD).
Table 17. Polymer 3D Printing Materials Forecast by Feedstock (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Table 18. Metal 3D Printing Materials Forecast by Feedstock (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Table 19. Global market for 3D printing AM services, 2018-2035 (Millions USD).
Table 20. Global Market for 3D Printing Hardware by Region (1,000 Units), 2018-2035.
Table 21. Global Market for 3D Printing Hardware by Region (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Table 22. Global Market for 3D Printing Materials by Region (1,000 Tonnes), 2018-2035.
Table 23. Global Market for 3D Printing Materials by Region (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Table 24. Markets and applications in 3D printing.
Table 25. Types of 3D printing processes.
Table 26. Comparison of AM processes.
Table 27. Desktop 3D Printer Products
Table 28. Overview of polymer 3D printing technologies.
Table 29. Types of polymer materials for 3D printing.
Table 30. Trends in polymer additive manufacturing.
Table 31. 3D polymer printing technologies.
Table 32. Material Jetting Vendors/Systems.
Table 33. Polymer Printer Benchmarking.
Table 34. Photosensitive Resin Suppliers.
Table 35. Photosensitive Resin Advantages and Disadvantages.
Table 36. Resin types.
Table 37. Castable Resins properties.
Table 38. Tough and Rigid Digital Materials.
Table 39. High Temperature Resins properties.
Table 40. Transparent Resins properties.
Table 41. Flexible Elastomeric Resins.
Table 42. General Purpose Filaments.
Table 43. Engineering thermoplastic filaments.
Table 44. Reinforced Filaments.
Table 45. High Temperature Filaments.
Table 46. Fillers for Thermoplastic Filaments.
Table 47. Thermoplastic Filament Suppliers.
Table 48. Thermoplastic materials for extrusion 3D printing.
Table 49. Engineering (Nylon) Powders.
Table 50. Composite powder types and benefits.
Table 51. High temperature powders and properties.
Table 52. Thermoplastic Powder Suppliers.
Table 53. 4D printed hydrogels.
Table 54. Market players in polymer additive manufacturing.
Table 55. Polymer 3D Printing/Additive Manufacturing Hardware Unit Sales (1,000 Units), 2018-2035.
Table 56. Polymer 3D Printing/Additive Manufacturing Hardware Revenues (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Table 57. Polymer 3D Printing/Additive Manufacturing Hardware Revenues, 2018-2035 (Millions USD), by Region.
Table 58. Polymer 3D Printing/Additive Manufacturing Material Volumes, 2018-2035 (Tonnes).
Table 59. Polymer AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD).
Table 60. Polymer AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD), by region.
Table 61. Overview of metal 3D printing technologies.
Table 62. Trends in metal additive manufacturing.
Table 63. 3D Metal Printing Technologies.
Table 64. Metal Printers: Benchmarking
Table 65. Metal AM feedstocks.
Table 66. Compatibility of metal alloys with AM technologies.
Table 67. Suppliers of metal powders for AM applications.
Table 68. Steel powder applications for AM.
Table 69. Aluminum alloy powder applications in AM.
Table 70. Nickel superalloy powder applications in AM.
Table 71. Cobalt-chromium alloy powder applications in AM.
Table 72.Copper alloy powder applications in AM in a table.
Table 73. Refractory metal alloy powder applications for AM.
Table 74. Precious metal powder applications in AM.
Table 75. Amorphous metal powder applications in AM.
Table 76. Metal wire vs metal AM powder costs.
Table 77. Steel Wires for AM.
Table 78. Other Metal Alloy Wires for AM.
Table 79. Bound Metal AM Feedstocks.
Table 80. Market players in metal AM manufacturing.
Table 81. Metal AM hardware unit sales 2018-2035.
Table 82. Metal AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD).
Table 83. Metal AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD), by region.
Table 84. Metal AM material volumes, 2018-2035 (tonnes).
Table 85. Metal AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD).
Table 86. Metal AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD), by region.
Table 87. Overview of 3D printing ceramics.
Table 88. Trends in traditional ceramic additive manufacturing.
Table 89. Trends in technical ceramic additive manufacturing.
Table 90. Build Volumes by Printer Manufacturer.
Table 91. Minimum Z Resolution by Printer Manufacturer.
Table 92. Minimum XY Resolution by Printer Manufacturer.
Table 93. Build Speed by Technology Type.
Table 94. Evaluation of Ceramic 3D Printing Technologies.
Table 95. Commercial Ceramic 3D Printing Materials.
Table 96. Classification by feedstock type.
Table 97. Classification by application.
Table 98. Classification by Chemistry
Table 99. Properties of 3D Printed Ceramic Materials.
Table 100. Concrete applications in AM
Table 101. Technical Ceramic Slurry Products and Suppliers.
Table 102. Technical Ceramic Powder Products and Suppliers.
Table 103. Technical Ceramic Bound Filament Products and Suppliers.
Table 104. Market players in ceramics additive manufacturing.
Table 105. Ceramic AM hardware unit sales 2018-2035.
Table 106. Ceramic AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD).
Table 107. Ceramic AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD), by region.
Table 108. Ceramic AM material volumes, 2018-2035 (tonnes).
Table 109. Ceramic AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD).
Table 110. Ceramic AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD), by region.
Table 111. Trends in composites additive manufacturing.
Table 112. Composite Material Feedstock.
Table 113.Types of composite materials used in AM
Table 114. Composite Filament Materials Types
Table 115. Composite Pellet Materials Types
Table 116. Composite Powder Materials Types.
Table 117. Continuous Fiber Materials Types.
Table 118. Continuous fiber 3D printing producers.
Table 119. Market players in composites additive manufacturing.
Table 120. Composites AM hardware unit sales 2018-2035.
Table 121. Composites AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD).
Table 122. Composites AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD), by region.
Table 123. Composites AM material volumes, 2018-2035 (tonnes).
Table 124. Composites AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD).
Table 125. Composites AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD), by region.
Table 126. Overview of Post-Processing Techniques for Metal Additive Manufacturing
Table 127. Overview of Post-Processing Techniques for Polymer Additive Manufacturing.
Table 128. Common post-processing techniques for various polymer materials.
Table 129. Post-processing Approaches.
Table 130. AM post-processing companies
Table 131. Market players in AM software.
Table 132. Price segmentation for different types of 3D scanners:
Table 133. Key industries for 3D scanning and their applications.
Table 134. 3D Printing Service Bureaus
Table 135. Global AM Software Revenues by Tool Type, (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Table 136. Global AM Software Revenues by Market, (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Table 137. Global AM Service Revenues, (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Table 138. Markets and applications for additive manufacturing.
Table 139. 3D printing applications in aerospace.
Table 140. Market players in 3D printing for aerospace.
Table 141. 3D printed product examples in Aerospace.
Table 142. 3D printing technologies in medical and dental.
Table 143. Applications of polymer 3D printing in medical and dental.
Table 144. Polymers used in medical 3D printing.
Table 145. Metals Used in Medical 3D Printing.
Table 146. Ceramics Used in Medical 3D Printing.
Table 147. Composites Used in Medical 3D Printing.
Table 148. Applications of 3D printing in medical devices.
Table 149. Applications of 3D Printing in Pharmaceuticals.
Table 150. Applications of 3D printing in dentistry.
Table 151. Market players in 3D printing in Medical and Dental.
Table 152. 3D printed product examples in Medical and Dental.
Table 153. Main categories of concrete AM technology.
Table 154. Key materials used in concrete 3D printing.
Table 155. Concrete 3D Printing Projects.
Table 156. 3D printing construction companies.
Table 157. 3D printed product examples in Architecture and Construction.
Table 158. 3D printed cars.
Table 159. 3D printing applications in automotive.
Table 160. Market players in automotive additive manufacturing.
Table 161. 3D printed product examples in Automotive.
Table 162. 3D printing applications in consumer goods.
Table 163. Market players in 3D printed consumer products.
Table 164. 3D printed product examples in Consumer Products.
Table 165. 3D printing applications in energy.
Table 166. 3D printing applications in industrial machinery and tooling.
Table 167. 3D printing applications in electronics.
Table 168. Market Players in 3D Printing for Electronics.
Table 169. 3D printing applications in oil and gas.
Table 170. 3D printing applications in the marine industry.
Table 171. 3D printing applications in 3d printed food.
Table 172. Companies developing 3D printed food.
Table 173. Additive manufacturing acronyms.
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Market map for additive manufacturing.
Figure 2. Global market for 3D printing hardware, by technology, 2018-2035 (1,000 Units).
Figure 3. Global market for 3D printing hardware, by technology, 2018-2035 (Millions USD).
Figure 4. Global market for 3D printing, by material, 2018-2035 (1,000 tonnes).
Figure 5. Polymer 3D Printing Materials Forecast by Feedstock (1,000 Tonnes), 2018-2035.
Figure 6. Metal 3D Printing Materials Forecast by Feedstock (1,000 Tonnes), 2018-2035.
Figure 7. Global market for 3D printing hardware, by material, 2018-2035 (Millions US).
Figure 8. Polymer 3D Printing Materials Forecast by Feedstock (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Figure 9. Metal 3D Printing Materials Forecast by Feedstock (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Figure 10. Global market for 3D printing AM services, 2018-2035 (Millions USD).
Figure 11. Global Market for 3D Printing Hardware by Region (1,000 Units), 2018-2035.
Figure 12. Global Market for 3D Printing Hardware by Region (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Figure 13. Global Market for 3D Printing Materials by Region (1,000 Tonnes), 2018-2035.
Figure 14. Global Market for 3D Printing Materials by Region (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Figure 15. Schematics of 3D printing techniques.
Figure 16. Timeline of 3D printing development.
Figure 17. VAT Photopolymerisation Process.
Figure 18. Material Jetting Process.
Figure 19. Binder Jetting Process.
Figure 20. Material Extrusion Process.
Figure 21. Powder Bed Fusion.
Figure 22. Directed Energy Deposition Process.
Figure 23. Metal AM hardware unit sales 2018-2035.
Figure 24. Metal AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD).
Figure 25. Metal AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD), by region.
Figure 26. Metal AM material volumes, 2018-2035 (tonnes).
Figure 27. Metal AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD).
Figure 28. Metal AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD), by region.
Figure 29. AM produced ceramic functional parts from Lithoz GmbH.
Figure 30. Ceramic AM hardware unit sales 2018-2035.
Figure 31. Ceramic AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD).
Figure 32. Ceramic AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD), by region.
Figure 33. Ceramic AM material volumes, 2018-2035 (tonnes).
Figure 34. Ceramic AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD).
Figure 35. Ceramic AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD), by region.
Figure 36. Applications roadmap to 2035 for graphene in additive manufacturing.
Figure 37. Composites AM hardware unit sales 2018-2035.
Figure 38. Composites AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD).
Figure 39. Composites AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD), by region.
Figure 40. Composites AM material volumes, 2018-2035 (tonnes).
Figure 41. Composites AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD).
Figure 42. Composites AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD), by region.
Figure 43. Global AM Software Revenues by Tool Type, (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Figure 44. Global AM Software Revenues by Market, (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Figure 45. Global AM Service Revenues, (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Figure 46. NASA logo printed in GRX-810 material.
Figure 47. Custom-Jet Oral Health System with 3D printed mouthpiece.
Figure 48. Czinger Vehicles’ 21c.
Figure 49. Cadillac Celestiq.
Figure 50. Massivit 3d Printing David Bowie Car.
Figure 51. Bugatti Bolide.
Figure 52. NERA e-motorcycle.
Figure 53. XEV Yoyo.
Figure 54. 3D printed footwear.
Figure 55. Brooks Running’s Hyperion Elite 4 which uses an ARRIS carbon fiber plate in the midsole.
Figure 56. A 3D printed titanium carrier tray.
Figure 57. byFlow 3D printed food.
Figure 58. Optical micrograph of Exaddon’s 128 probe array, 3D printed directly on contact pads.
Figure 59. The Continuous Kinetic Mixing system.
Figure 60. Foundry Lab Gen 2 3D printer.
Figure 61. A schematic representation of Cold Metal Fusion.
Figure 62. A 3D printed bicycle saddle designed in Hyperganic Core 2.
Figure 63. 3D printed aerospike rocket engine designed using Hyperganic Core.
Figure 64. RenAM 500.
Figure 65. Seurat Alpha Machine.
Figure 1. Market map for additive manufacturing.
Figure 2. Global market for 3D printing hardware, by technology, 2018-2035 (1,000 Units).
Figure 3. Global market for 3D printing hardware, by technology, 2018-2035 (Millions USD).
Figure 4. Global market for 3D printing, by material, 2018-2035 (1,000 tonnes).
Figure 5. Polymer 3D Printing Materials Forecast by Feedstock (1,000 Tonnes), 2018-2035.
Figure 6. Metal 3D Printing Materials Forecast by Feedstock (1,000 Tonnes), 2018-2035.
Figure 7. Global market for 3D printing hardware, by material, 2018-2035 (Millions US).
Figure 8. Polymer 3D Printing Materials Forecast by Feedstock (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Figure 9. Metal 3D Printing Materials Forecast by Feedstock (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Figure 10. Global market for 3D printing AM services, 2018-2035 (Millions USD).
Figure 11. Global Market for 3D Printing Hardware by Region (1,000 Units), 2018-2035.
Figure 12. Global Market for 3D Printing Hardware by Region (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Figure 13. Global Market for 3D Printing Materials by Region (1,000 Tonnes), 2018-2035.
Figure 14. Global Market for 3D Printing Materials by Region (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Figure 15. Schematics of 3D printing techniques.
Figure 16. Timeline of 3D printing development.
Figure 17. VAT Photopolymerisation Process.
Figure 18. Material Jetting Process.
Figure 19. Binder Jetting Process.
Figure 20. Material Extrusion Process.
Figure 21. Powder Bed Fusion.
Figure 22. Directed Energy Deposition Process.
Figure 23. Metal AM hardware unit sales 2018-2035.
Figure 24. Metal AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD).
Figure 25. Metal AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD), by region.
Figure 26. Metal AM material volumes, 2018-2035 (tonnes).
Figure 27. Metal AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD).
Figure 28. Metal AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD), by region.
Figure 29. AM produced ceramic functional parts from Lithoz GmbH.
Figure 30. Ceramic AM hardware unit sales 2018-2035.
Figure 31. Ceramic AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD).
Figure 32. Ceramic AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD), by region.
Figure 33. Ceramic AM material volumes, 2018-2035 (tonnes).
Figure 34. Ceramic AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD).
Figure 35. Ceramic AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD), by region.
Figure 36. Applications roadmap to 2035 for graphene in additive manufacturing.
Figure 37. Composites AM hardware unit sales 2018-2035.
Figure 38. Composites AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD).
Figure 39. Composites AM hardware revenues 2018-2035 (Millions USD), by region.
Figure 40. Composites AM material volumes, 2018-2035 (tonnes).
Figure 41. Composites AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD).
Figure 42. Composites AM material revenues, 2018-2035 (millions USD), by region.
Figure 43. Global AM Software Revenues by Tool Type, (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Figure 44. Global AM Software Revenues by Market, (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Figure 45. Global AM Service Revenues, (Millions USD), 2018-2035.
Figure 46. NASA logo printed in GRX-810 material.
Figure 47. Custom-Jet Oral Health System with 3D printed mouthpiece.
Figure 48. Czinger Vehicles’ 21c.
Figure 49. Cadillac Celestiq.
Figure 50. Massivit 3d Printing David Bowie Car.
Figure 51. Bugatti Bolide.
Figure 52. NERA e-motorcycle.
Figure 53. XEV Yoyo.
Figure 54. 3D printed footwear.
Figure 55. Brooks Running’s Hyperion Elite 4 which uses an ARRIS carbon fiber plate in the midsole.
Figure 56. A 3D printed titanium carrier tray.
Figure 57. byFlow 3D printed food.
Figure 58. Optical micrograph of Exaddon’s 128 probe array, 3D printed directly on contact pads.
Figure 59. The Continuous Kinetic Mixing system.
Figure 60. Foundry Lab Gen 2 3D printer.
Figure 61. A schematic representation of Cold Metal Fusion.
Figure 62. A 3D printed bicycle saddle designed in Hyperganic Core 2.
Figure 63. 3D printed aerospike rocket engine designed using Hyperganic Core.
Figure 64. RenAM 500.
Figure 65. Seurat Alpha Machine.
