External ODD-Global Market Status & Trend Report 2013-2023 Top 20 Countries Data
![](/report_cover/10724/external-odd-global-market-status-trend-report-2013-2023-top-20-countries-data_en.gif)
Report Summary
External ODD-Global Market Status & Trend Report 2013-2023 Top 20 Countries Data offers a comprehensive analysis on External ODD industry, standing on the readers’ perspective, delivering detailed market data in Global major 20 countries and penetrating insights. No matter the client is industry insider, potential entrant or investor, the report will provides useful data and information. Key questions answered by this report include:
Worldwide and Top 20 Countries Market Size of External ODD 2013-2017, and development forecast 2018-2023
Main manufacturers/suppliers of External ODD worldwide and market share by regions, with company and product introduction, position in the External ODD market
Market status and development trend of External ODD by types and applications
Cost and profit status of External ODD, and marketing status
Market growth drivers and challenges
The report segments the global External ODD market as:
Global External ODD Market: Regional Segment Analysis (Regional Production Volume, Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate 2013-2023):
North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)
Europe (Germany, UK, France, Italy, Russia, Spain and Benelux)
Asia Pacific (China, Japan, India, Southeast Asia and Australia)
Latin America (Brazil, Argentina and Colombia)
Middle East and Africa
Global External ODD Market: Type Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume, Average Price, Revenue, Market Share and Trend 2013-2023):
2.0 Interface Connection
3.0 Interface Connection
Global External ODD Market: Application Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume and Market Share 2013-2023; Downstream Customers and Market Analysis)
Portable
Desktop
Other
Global External ODD Market: Manufacturers Segment Analysis (Company and Product introduction, External ODD Sales Volume, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin):
Hitachi-LG Data Storage
Liteon ODD
Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology Corporation
STW
Pioneer
Lenovo
Dell
Sony
ASUS
e-elei
HP
Buffalo
In a word, the report provides detailed statistics and analysis on the state of the industry; and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market.
External ODD-Global Market Status & Trend Report 2013-2023 Top 20 Countries Data offers a comprehensive analysis on External ODD industry, standing on the readers’ perspective, delivering detailed market data in Global major 20 countries and penetrating insights. No matter the client is industry insider, potential entrant or investor, the report will provides useful data and information. Key questions answered by this report include:
Worldwide and Top 20 Countries Market Size of External ODD 2013-2017, and development forecast 2018-2023
Main manufacturers/suppliers of External ODD worldwide and market share by regions, with company and product introduction, position in the External ODD market
Market status and development trend of External ODD by types and applications
Cost and profit status of External ODD, and marketing status
Market growth drivers and challenges
The report segments the global External ODD market as:
Global External ODD Market: Regional Segment Analysis (Regional Production Volume, Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate 2013-2023):
North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)
Europe (Germany, UK, France, Italy, Russia, Spain and Benelux)
Asia Pacific (China, Japan, India, Southeast Asia and Australia)
Latin America (Brazil, Argentina and Colombia)
Middle East and Africa
Global External ODD Market: Type Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume, Average Price, Revenue, Market Share and Trend 2013-2023):
2.0 Interface Connection
3.0 Interface Connection
Global External ODD Market: Application Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume and Market Share 2013-2023; Downstream Customers and Market Analysis)
Portable
Desktop
Other
Global External ODD Market: Manufacturers Segment Analysis (Company and Product introduction, External ODD Sales Volume, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin):
Hitachi-LG Data Storage
Liteon ODD
Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology Corporation
STW
Pioneer
Lenovo
Dell
Sony
ASUS
e-elei
HP
Buffalo
In a word, the report provides detailed statistics and analysis on the state of the industry; and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market.
CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW OF EXTERNAL ODD
1.1 Definition of External ODD in This Report
1.2 Commercial Types of External ODD
1.2.1 2.0 Interface Connection
1.2.2 3.0 Interface Connection
1.3 Downstream Application of External ODD
1.3.1 Portable
1.3.2 Desktop
1.3.3 Other
1.4 Development History of External ODD
1.5 Market Status and Trend of External ODD 2013-2023
1.5.1 Global External ODD Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
1.5.2 Regional External ODD Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
CHAPTER 2 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY REGIONS
2.1 Market Development of External ODD 2013-2017
2.2 Sales Market of External ODD by Regions
2.2.1 Sales Volume of External ODD by Regions
2.2.2 Sales Value of External ODD by Regions
2.3 Production Market of External ODD by Regions
2.4 Global Market Forecast of External ODD 2018-2023
2.4.1 Global Market Forecast of External ODD 2018-2023
2.4.2 Market Forecast of External ODD by Regions 2018-2023
CHAPTER 3 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY TYPES
3.1 Sales Volume of External ODD by Types
3.2 Sales Value of External ODD by Types
3.3 Market Forecast of External ODD by Types
CHAPTER 4 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
4.1 Global Sales Volume of External ODD by Downstream Industry
4.2 Global Market Forecast of External ODD by Downstream Industry
CHAPTER 5 NORTH AMERICA MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
5.1 North America External ODD Market Status by Countries
5.1.1 North America External ODD Sales by Countries (2013-2017)
5.1.2 North America External ODD Revenue by Countries (2013-2017)
5.1.3 United States External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
5.1.4 Canada External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
5.1.5 Mexico External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
5.2 North America External ODD Market Status by Manufacturers
5.3 North America External ODD Market Status by Type (2013-2017)
5.3.1 North America External ODD Sales by Type (2013-2017)
5.3.2 North America External ODD Revenue by Type (2013-2017)
5.4 North America External ODD Market Status by Downstream Industry (2013-2017)
CHAPTER 6 EUROPE MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
6.1 Europe External ODD Market Status by Countries
6.1.1 Europe External ODD Sales by Countries (2013-2017)
6.1.2 Europe External ODD Revenue by Countries (2013-2017)
6.1.3 Germany External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.4 UK External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.5 France External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.6 Italy External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.7 Russia External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.8 Spain External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.9 Benelux External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
6.2 Europe External ODD Market Status by Manufacturers
6.3 Europe External ODD Market Status by Type (2013-2017)
6.3.1 Europe External ODD Sales by Type (2013-2017)
6.3.2 Europe External ODD Revenue by Type (2013-2017)
6.4 Europe External ODD Market Status by Downstream Industry (2013-2017)
CHAPTER 7 ASIA PACIFIC MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
7.1 Asia Pacific External ODD Market Status by Countries
7.1.1 Asia Pacific External ODD Sales by Countries (2013-2017)
7.1.2 Asia Pacific External ODD Revenue by Countries (2013-2017)
7.1.3 China External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
7.1.4 Japan External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
7.1.5 India External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
7.1.6 Southeast Asia External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
7.1.7 Australia External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
7.2 Asia Pacific External ODD Market Status by Manufacturers
7.3 Asia Pacific External ODD Market Status by Type (2013-2017)
7.3.1 Asia Pacific External ODD Sales by Type (2013-2017)
7.3.2 Asia Pacific External ODD Revenue by Type (2013-2017)
7.4 Asia Pacific External ODD Market Status by Downstream Industry (2013-2017)
CHAPTER 8 LATIN AMERICA MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
8.1 Latin America External ODD Market Status by Countries
8.1.1 Latin America External ODD Sales by Countries (2013-2017)
8.1.2 Latin America External ODD Revenue by Countries (2013-2017)
8.1.3 Brazil External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
8.1.4 Argentina External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
8.1.5 Colombia External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
8.2 Latin America External ODD Market Status by Manufacturers
8.3 Latin America External ODD Market Status by Type (2013-2017)
8.3.1 Latin America External ODD Sales by Type (2013-2017)
8.3.2 Latin America External ODD Revenue by Type (2013-2017)
8.4 Latin America External ODD Market Status by Downstream Industry (2013-2017)
CHAPTER 9 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
9.1 Middle East and Africa External ODD Market Status by Countries
9.1.1 Middle East and Africa External ODD Sales by Countries (2013-2017)
9.1.2 Middle East and Africa External ODD Revenue by Countries (2013-2017)
9.1.3 Middle East External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
9.1.4 Africa External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
9.2 Middle East and Africa External ODD Market Status by Manufacturers
9.3 Middle East and Africa External ODD Market Status by Type (2013-2017)
9.3.1 Middle East and Africa External ODD Sales by Type (2013-2017)
9.3.2 Middle East and Africa External ODD Revenue by Type (2013-2017)
9.4 Middle East and Africa External ODD Market Status by Downstream Industry (2013-2017)
CHAPTER 10 MARKET DRIVING FACTOR ANALYSIS OF EXTERNAL ODD
10.1 Global Economy Situation and Trend Overview
10.2 External ODD Downstream Industry Situation and Trend Overview
CHAPTER 11 EXTERNAL ODD MARKET COMPETITION STATUS BY MAJOR MANUFACTURERS
11.1 Production Volume of External ODD by Major Manufacturers
11.2 Production Value of External ODD by Major Manufacturers
11.3 Basic Information of External ODD by Major Manufacturers
11.3.1 Headquarters Location and Established Time of External ODD Major Manufacturer
11.3.2 Employees and Revenue Level of External ODD Major Manufacturer
11.4 Market Competition News and Trend
11.4.1 Merger, Consolidation or Acquisition News
11.4.2 Investment or Disinvestment News
11.4.3 New Product Development and Launch
CHAPTER 12 EXTERNAL ODD MAJOR MANUFACTURERS INTRODUCTION AND MARKET DATA
12.1 Hitachi-LG Data Storage
12.1.1 Company profile
12.1.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.1.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Hitachi-LG Data Storage
12.2 Liteon ODD
12.2.1 Company profile
12.2.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.2.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Liteon ODD
12.3 Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology Corporation
12.3.1 Company profile
12.3.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.3.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology Corporation
12.4 STW
12.4.1 Company profile
12.4.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.4.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of STW
12.5 Pioneer
12.5.1 Company profile
12.5.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.5.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Pioneer
12.6 Lenovo
12.6.1 Company profile
12.6.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.6.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Lenovo
12.7 Dell
12.7.1 Company profile
12.7.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.7.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Dell
12.8 Sony
12.8.1 Company profile
12.8.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.8.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Sony
12.9 ASUS
12.9.1 Company profile
12.9.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.9.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of ASUS
12.10 e-elei
12.10.1 Company profile
12.10.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.10.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of e-elei
12.11 HP
12.11.1 Company profile
12.11.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.11.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of HP
12.12 Buffalo
12.12.1 Company profile
12.12.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.12.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Buffalo
CHAPTER 13 UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM MARKET ANALYSIS OF EXTERNAL ODD
13.1 Industry Chain of External ODD
13.2 Upstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
13.3 Downstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
CHAPTER 14 COST AND GROSS MARGIN ANALYSIS OF EXTERNAL ODD
14.1 Cost Structure Analysis of External ODD
14.2 Raw Materials Cost Analysis of External ODD
14.3 Labor Cost Analysis of External ODD
14.4 Manufacturing Expenses Analysis of External ODD
CHAPTER 15 REPORT CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 16 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND REFERENCE
16.1 Methodology/Research Approach
16.1.1 Research Programs/Design
16.1.2 Market Size Estimation
16.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
16.2 Data Source
16.2.1 Secondary Sources
16.2.2 Primary Sources
16.3 Reference
1.1 Definition of External ODD in This Report
1.2 Commercial Types of External ODD
1.2.1 2.0 Interface Connection
1.2.2 3.0 Interface Connection
1.3 Downstream Application of External ODD
1.3.1 Portable
1.3.2 Desktop
1.3.3 Other
1.4 Development History of External ODD
1.5 Market Status and Trend of External ODD 2013-2023
1.5.1 Global External ODD Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
1.5.2 Regional External ODD Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
CHAPTER 2 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY REGIONS
2.1 Market Development of External ODD 2013-2017
2.2 Sales Market of External ODD by Regions
2.2.1 Sales Volume of External ODD by Regions
2.2.2 Sales Value of External ODD by Regions
2.3 Production Market of External ODD by Regions
2.4 Global Market Forecast of External ODD 2018-2023
2.4.1 Global Market Forecast of External ODD 2018-2023
2.4.2 Market Forecast of External ODD by Regions 2018-2023
CHAPTER 3 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY TYPES
3.1 Sales Volume of External ODD by Types
3.2 Sales Value of External ODD by Types
3.3 Market Forecast of External ODD by Types
CHAPTER 4 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
4.1 Global Sales Volume of External ODD by Downstream Industry
4.2 Global Market Forecast of External ODD by Downstream Industry
CHAPTER 5 NORTH AMERICA MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
5.1 North America External ODD Market Status by Countries
5.1.1 North America External ODD Sales by Countries (2013-2017)
5.1.2 North America External ODD Revenue by Countries (2013-2017)
5.1.3 United States External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
5.1.4 Canada External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
5.1.5 Mexico External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
5.2 North America External ODD Market Status by Manufacturers
5.3 North America External ODD Market Status by Type (2013-2017)
5.3.1 North America External ODD Sales by Type (2013-2017)
5.3.2 North America External ODD Revenue by Type (2013-2017)
5.4 North America External ODD Market Status by Downstream Industry (2013-2017)
CHAPTER 6 EUROPE MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
6.1 Europe External ODD Market Status by Countries
6.1.1 Europe External ODD Sales by Countries (2013-2017)
6.1.2 Europe External ODD Revenue by Countries (2013-2017)
6.1.3 Germany External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.4 UK External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.5 France External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.6 Italy External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.7 Russia External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.8 Spain External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
6.1.9 Benelux External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
6.2 Europe External ODD Market Status by Manufacturers
6.3 Europe External ODD Market Status by Type (2013-2017)
6.3.1 Europe External ODD Sales by Type (2013-2017)
6.3.2 Europe External ODD Revenue by Type (2013-2017)
6.4 Europe External ODD Market Status by Downstream Industry (2013-2017)
CHAPTER 7 ASIA PACIFIC MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
7.1 Asia Pacific External ODD Market Status by Countries
7.1.1 Asia Pacific External ODD Sales by Countries (2013-2017)
7.1.2 Asia Pacific External ODD Revenue by Countries (2013-2017)
7.1.3 China External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
7.1.4 Japan External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
7.1.5 India External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
7.1.6 Southeast Asia External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
7.1.7 Australia External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
7.2 Asia Pacific External ODD Market Status by Manufacturers
7.3 Asia Pacific External ODD Market Status by Type (2013-2017)
7.3.1 Asia Pacific External ODD Sales by Type (2013-2017)
7.3.2 Asia Pacific External ODD Revenue by Type (2013-2017)
7.4 Asia Pacific External ODD Market Status by Downstream Industry (2013-2017)
CHAPTER 8 LATIN AMERICA MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
8.1 Latin America External ODD Market Status by Countries
8.1.1 Latin America External ODD Sales by Countries (2013-2017)
8.1.2 Latin America External ODD Revenue by Countries (2013-2017)
8.1.3 Brazil External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
8.1.4 Argentina External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
8.1.5 Colombia External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
8.2 Latin America External ODD Market Status by Manufacturers
8.3 Latin America External ODD Market Status by Type (2013-2017)
8.3.1 Latin America External ODD Sales by Type (2013-2017)
8.3.2 Latin America External ODD Revenue by Type (2013-2017)
8.4 Latin America External ODD Market Status by Downstream Industry (2013-2017)
CHAPTER 9 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
9.1 Middle East and Africa External ODD Market Status by Countries
9.1.1 Middle East and Africa External ODD Sales by Countries (2013-2017)
9.1.2 Middle East and Africa External ODD Revenue by Countries (2013-2017)
9.1.3 Middle East External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
9.1.4 Africa External ODD Market Status (2013-2017)
9.2 Middle East and Africa External ODD Market Status by Manufacturers
9.3 Middle East and Africa External ODD Market Status by Type (2013-2017)
9.3.1 Middle East and Africa External ODD Sales by Type (2013-2017)
9.3.2 Middle East and Africa External ODD Revenue by Type (2013-2017)
9.4 Middle East and Africa External ODD Market Status by Downstream Industry (2013-2017)
CHAPTER 10 MARKET DRIVING FACTOR ANALYSIS OF EXTERNAL ODD
10.1 Global Economy Situation and Trend Overview
10.2 External ODD Downstream Industry Situation and Trend Overview
CHAPTER 11 EXTERNAL ODD MARKET COMPETITION STATUS BY MAJOR MANUFACTURERS
11.1 Production Volume of External ODD by Major Manufacturers
11.2 Production Value of External ODD by Major Manufacturers
11.3 Basic Information of External ODD by Major Manufacturers
11.3.1 Headquarters Location and Established Time of External ODD Major Manufacturer
11.3.2 Employees and Revenue Level of External ODD Major Manufacturer
11.4 Market Competition News and Trend
11.4.1 Merger, Consolidation or Acquisition News
11.4.2 Investment or Disinvestment News
11.4.3 New Product Development and Launch
CHAPTER 12 EXTERNAL ODD MAJOR MANUFACTURERS INTRODUCTION AND MARKET DATA
12.1 Hitachi-LG Data Storage
12.1.1 Company profile
12.1.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.1.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Hitachi-LG Data Storage
12.2 Liteon ODD
12.2.1 Company profile
12.2.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.2.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Liteon ODD
12.3 Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology Corporation
12.3.1 Company profile
12.3.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.3.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology Corporation
12.4 STW
12.4.1 Company profile
12.4.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.4.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of STW
12.5 Pioneer
12.5.1 Company profile
12.5.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.5.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Pioneer
12.6 Lenovo
12.6.1 Company profile
12.6.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.6.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Lenovo
12.7 Dell
12.7.1 Company profile
12.7.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.7.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Dell
12.8 Sony
12.8.1 Company profile
12.8.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.8.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Sony
12.9 ASUS
12.9.1 Company profile
12.9.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.9.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of ASUS
12.10 e-elei
12.10.1 Company profile
12.10.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.10.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of e-elei
12.11 HP
12.11.1 Company profile
12.11.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.11.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of HP
12.12 Buffalo
12.12.1 Company profile
12.12.2 Representative External ODD Product
12.12.3 External ODD Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Buffalo
CHAPTER 13 UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM MARKET ANALYSIS OF EXTERNAL ODD
13.1 Industry Chain of External ODD
13.2 Upstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
13.3 Downstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
CHAPTER 14 COST AND GROSS MARGIN ANALYSIS OF EXTERNAL ODD
14.1 Cost Structure Analysis of External ODD
14.2 Raw Materials Cost Analysis of External ODD
14.3 Labor Cost Analysis of External ODD
14.4 Manufacturing Expenses Analysis of External ODD
CHAPTER 15 REPORT CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 16 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND REFERENCE
16.1 Methodology/Research Approach
16.1.1 Research Programs/Design
16.1.2 Market Size Estimation
16.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
16.2 Data Source
16.2.1 Secondary Sources
16.2.2 Primary Sources
16.3 Reference