Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing-Global Market Status and Trend Report 2016-2026
Report Summary
Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing-Global Market Status and Trend Report 2016-2026 offers a comprehensive analysis on Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing industry, standing on the readers’ perspective, delivering detailed market data and penetrating insights. No matter the client is industry insider, potential entrant or investor, the report will provides useful data and information. Key questions answered by this report include:
Worldwide and Regional Market Size of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing 2016-2021, and development forecast 2022-2026
Main manufacturers/suppliers of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing worldwide, with company and product introduction, position in the Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing market
Market status and development trend of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by types and applications
Cost and profit status of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing, and marketing status
Market growth drivers and challengesSince the COVID-19 virus outbreak in December 2019, the disease has spread to almost 100 countries around the globe with the World Health Organization declaring it a public health emergency.The global impacts of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are already starting to be felt, and will significantly affect the Ammonium Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing market in 2020.COVID-19 can affect the global economy in three main ways: by directly affecting production and demand, by creating supply chain and market disruption, and by its financial impact on firms and financial markets.The outbreak of COVID-19 has brought effects on many aspects, like flight cancellations; travel bans and quarantines; restaurants closed; all indoor events restricted; over forty countries state of emergency declared; massive slowing of the supply chain; stock market volatility; falling business confidence, growing panic among the population, and uncertainty about future.This report also analyses the impact of Coronavirus COVID-19 on the Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing industry.
The report segments the global Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing market as:
Global Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Market: Regional Segment Analysis (Regional Production Volume, Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate 2016-2026):
North America
Europe
China
Japan
Rest APAC
Latin America
Global Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Market: Type Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume, Average Price, Revenue, Market Share and Trend 2016-2026):
OutsourcedSemiconductorTesting
OutsourcedSemiconductorAssembly
Global Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Market: Application Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume and Market Share 2016-2026; Downstream Customers and Market Analysis)
Automotive
ConsumerElectronics
Industrial
Telecommunication
Others
Global Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Market: Manufacturers Segment Analysis (Company and Product introduction, Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales Volume, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin):
ASETechnologyHolding
AmkorTechnology
JiangsuChangjiangElectronicsTechnology
PowertechTechnologyInc.
TianshuiHuatianTechnologyCo.,LTD.
TongFuMicroelectronicsCo.,LTD.
KingYuanElectronicsCo.,Ltd.
STATSChipPAC
SiliconwarePrecisionIndustries
UnisemGroup
UTACGroup
ChipbondTechnologyCorporation
ChipMOSTechnologies
In a word, the report provides detailed statistics and analysis on the state of the industry; and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market.
Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing-Global Market Status and Trend Report 2016-2026 offers a comprehensive analysis on Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing industry, standing on the readers’ perspective, delivering detailed market data and penetrating insights. No matter the client is industry insider, potential entrant or investor, the report will provides useful data and information. Key questions answered by this report include:
Worldwide and Regional Market Size of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing 2016-2021, and development forecast 2022-2026
Main manufacturers/suppliers of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing worldwide, with company and product introduction, position in the Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing market
Market status and development trend of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by types and applications
Cost and profit status of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing, and marketing status
Market growth drivers and challengesSince the COVID-19 virus outbreak in December 2019, the disease has spread to almost 100 countries around the globe with the World Health Organization declaring it a public health emergency.The global impacts of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are already starting to be felt, and will significantly affect the Ammonium Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing market in 2020.COVID-19 can affect the global economy in three main ways: by directly affecting production and demand, by creating supply chain and market disruption, and by its financial impact on firms and financial markets.The outbreak of COVID-19 has brought effects on many aspects, like flight cancellations; travel bans and quarantines; restaurants closed; all indoor events restricted; over forty countries state of emergency declared; massive slowing of the supply chain; stock market volatility; falling business confidence, growing panic among the population, and uncertainty about future.This report also analyses the impact of Coronavirus COVID-19 on the Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing industry.
The report segments the global Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing market as:
Global Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Market: Regional Segment Analysis (Regional Production Volume, Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate 2016-2026):
North America
Europe
China
Japan
Rest APAC
Latin America
Global Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Market: Type Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume, Average Price, Revenue, Market Share and Trend 2016-2026):
OutsourcedSemiconductorTesting
OutsourcedSemiconductorAssembly
Global Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Market: Application Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume and Market Share 2016-2026; Downstream Customers and Market Analysis)
Automotive
ConsumerElectronics
Industrial
Telecommunication
Others
Global Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Market: Manufacturers Segment Analysis (Company and Product introduction, Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales Volume, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin):
ASETechnologyHolding
AmkorTechnology
JiangsuChangjiangElectronicsTechnology
PowertechTechnologyInc.
TianshuiHuatianTechnologyCo.,LTD.
TongFuMicroelectronicsCo.,LTD.
KingYuanElectronicsCo.,Ltd.
STATSChipPAC
SiliconwarePrecisionIndustries
UnisemGroup
UTACGroup
ChipbondTechnologyCorporation
ChipMOSTechnologies
In a word, the report provides detailed statistics and analysis on the state of the industry; and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market.
CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW OF OUTSOURCED SEMICONDUCTOR ASSEMBLY AND TESTING
1.1 Definition of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing in This Report
1.2 Commercial Types of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing
1.2.1 OutsourcedSemiconductorTesting
1.2.2 OutsourcedSemiconductorAssembly
1.3 Downstream Application of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing
1.3.1 Automotive
1.3.2 ConsumerElectronics
1.3.3 Industrial
1.3.4 Telecommunication
1.3.5 Others
1.4 Development History of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing
1.5 Market Status and Trend of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing 2016-2026
1.5.1 Global Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Market Status and Trend 2016-2026
1.5.2 Regional Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Market Status and Trend 2016-2026
CHAPTER 2 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY REGIONS
2.1 Market Development of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing 2016-2021
2.2 Production Market of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Regions
2.2.1 Production Volume of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Regions
2.2.2 Production Value of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Regions
2.3 Demand Market of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Regions
2.4 Production and Demand Status of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Regions
2.4.1 Production and Demand Status of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Regions 2016-2021
2.4.2 Import and Export Status of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Regions 2016-2021
CHAPTER 3 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY TYPES
3.1 Production Volume of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Types
3.2 Production Value of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Types
3.3 Market Forecast of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Types
CHAPTER 4 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
4.1 Demand Volume of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Downstream Industry
4.2 Market Forecast of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Downstream Industry
CHAPTER 5 MARKET DRIVING FACTOR ANALYSIS OF OUTSOURCED SEMICONDUCTOR ASSEMBLY AND TESTING
5.1 Global Economy Situation and Trend Overview
5.2 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Downstream Industry Situation and Trend Overview
CHAPTER 6 OUTSOURCED SEMICONDUCTOR ASSEMBLY AND TESTING MARKET COMPETITION STATUS BY MAJOR MANUFACTURERS
6.1 Production Volume of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Major Manufacturers
6.2 Production Value of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Major Manufacturers
6.3 Basic Information of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Major Manufacturers
6.3.1 Headquarters Location and Established Time of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Major Manufacturer
6.3.2 Employees and Revenue Level of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Major Manufacturer
6.4 Market Competition News and Trend
6.4.1 Merger, Consolidation or Acquisition News
6.4.2 Investment or Disinvestment News
6.4.3 New Product Development and Launch
CHAPTER 7 OUTSOURCED SEMICONDUCTOR ASSEMBLY AND TESTING MAJOR MANUFACTURERS INTRODUCTION AND MARKET DATA
7.1 ASETechnologyHolding
7.1.1 Company profile
7.1.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.1.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of ASETechnologyHolding
7.2 AmkorTechnology
7.2.1 Company profile
7.2.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.2.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of AmkorTechnology
7.3 JiangsuChangjiangElectronicsTechnology
7.3.1 Company profile
7.3.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.3.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of JiangsuChangjiangElectronicsTechnology
7.4 PowertechTechnologyInc.
7.4.1 Company profile
7.4.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.4.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of PowertechTechnologyInc.
7.5 TianshuiHuatianTechnologyCo.,LTD.
7.5.1 Company profile
7.5.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.5.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of TianshuiHuatianTechnologyCo.,LTD.
7.6 TongFuMicroelectronicsCo.,LTD.
7.6.1 Company profile
7.6.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.6.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of TongFuMicroelectronicsCo.,LTD.
7.7 KingYuanElectronicsCo.,Ltd.
7.7.1 Company profile
7.7.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.7.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of KingYuanElectronicsCo.,Ltd.
7.8 STATSChipPAC
7.8.1 Company profile
7.8.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.8.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of STATSChipPAC
7.9 SiliconwarePrecisionIndustries
7.9.1 Company profile
7.9.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.9.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of SiliconwarePrecisionIndustries
7.10 UnisemGroup
7.10.1 Company profile
7.10.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.10.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of UnisemGroup
7.11 UTACGroup
7.11.1 Company profile
7.11.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.11.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of UTACGroup
7.12 ChipbondTechnologyCorporation
7.12.1 Company profile
7.12.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.12.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of ChipbondTechnologyCorporation
7.13 ChipMOSTechnologies
7.13.1 Company profile
7.13.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.13.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of ChipMOSTechnologies
CHAPTER 8 UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM MARKET ANALYSIS OF OUTSOURCED SEMICONDUCTOR ASSEMBLY AND TESTING
8.1 Industry Chain of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing
8.2 Upstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
8.3 Downstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
CHAPTER 9 COST AND GROSS MARGIN ANALYSIS OF OUTSOURCED SEMICONDUCTOR ASSEMBLY AND TESTING
9.1 Cost Structure Analysis of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing
9.2 Raw Materials Cost Analysis of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing
9.3 Labor Cost Analysis of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing
9.4 Manufacturing Expenses Analysis of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing
CHAPTER 10 MARKETING STATUS ANALYSIS OF OUTSOURCED SEMICONDUCTOR ASSEMBLY AND TESTING
10.1 Marketing Channel
10.1.1 Direct Marketing
10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
10.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
10.2 Market Positioning
10.2.1 Pricing Strategy
10.2.2 Brand Strategy
10.2.3 Target Client
10.3 Distributors/Traders List
CHAPTER 11 REPORT CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 12 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND REFERENCE
12.1 Methodology/Research Approach
12.1.1 Research Programs/Design
12.1.2 Market Size Estimation
12.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
12.2 Data Source
12.2.1 Secondary Sources
12.2.2 Primary Sources
12.3 Reference
1.1 Definition of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing in This Report
1.2 Commercial Types of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing
1.2.1 OutsourcedSemiconductorTesting
1.2.2 OutsourcedSemiconductorAssembly
1.3 Downstream Application of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing
1.3.1 Automotive
1.3.2 ConsumerElectronics
1.3.3 Industrial
1.3.4 Telecommunication
1.3.5 Others
1.4 Development History of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing
1.5 Market Status and Trend of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing 2016-2026
1.5.1 Global Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Market Status and Trend 2016-2026
1.5.2 Regional Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Market Status and Trend 2016-2026
CHAPTER 2 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY REGIONS
2.1 Market Development of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing 2016-2021
2.2 Production Market of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Regions
2.2.1 Production Volume of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Regions
2.2.2 Production Value of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Regions
2.3 Demand Market of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Regions
2.4 Production and Demand Status of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Regions
2.4.1 Production and Demand Status of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Regions 2016-2021
2.4.2 Import and Export Status of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Regions 2016-2021
CHAPTER 3 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY TYPES
3.1 Production Volume of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Types
3.2 Production Value of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Types
3.3 Market Forecast of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Types
CHAPTER 4 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
4.1 Demand Volume of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Downstream Industry
4.2 Market Forecast of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Downstream Industry
CHAPTER 5 MARKET DRIVING FACTOR ANALYSIS OF OUTSOURCED SEMICONDUCTOR ASSEMBLY AND TESTING
5.1 Global Economy Situation and Trend Overview
5.2 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Downstream Industry Situation and Trend Overview
CHAPTER 6 OUTSOURCED SEMICONDUCTOR ASSEMBLY AND TESTING MARKET COMPETITION STATUS BY MAJOR MANUFACTURERS
6.1 Production Volume of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Major Manufacturers
6.2 Production Value of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Major Manufacturers
6.3 Basic Information of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing by Major Manufacturers
6.3.1 Headquarters Location and Established Time of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Major Manufacturer
6.3.2 Employees and Revenue Level of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Major Manufacturer
6.4 Market Competition News and Trend
6.4.1 Merger, Consolidation or Acquisition News
6.4.2 Investment or Disinvestment News
6.4.3 New Product Development and Launch
CHAPTER 7 OUTSOURCED SEMICONDUCTOR ASSEMBLY AND TESTING MAJOR MANUFACTURERS INTRODUCTION AND MARKET DATA
7.1 ASETechnologyHolding
7.1.1 Company profile
7.1.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.1.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of ASETechnologyHolding
7.2 AmkorTechnology
7.2.1 Company profile
7.2.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.2.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of AmkorTechnology
7.3 JiangsuChangjiangElectronicsTechnology
7.3.1 Company profile
7.3.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.3.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of JiangsuChangjiangElectronicsTechnology
7.4 PowertechTechnologyInc.
7.4.1 Company profile
7.4.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.4.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of PowertechTechnologyInc.
7.5 TianshuiHuatianTechnologyCo.,LTD.
7.5.1 Company profile
7.5.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.5.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of TianshuiHuatianTechnologyCo.,LTD.
7.6 TongFuMicroelectronicsCo.,LTD.
7.6.1 Company profile
7.6.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.6.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of TongFuMicroelectronicsCo.,LTD.
7.7 KingYuanElectronicsCo.,Ltd.
7.7.1 Company profile
7.7.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.7.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of KingYuanElectronicsCo.,Ltd.
7.8 STATSChipPAC
7.8.1 Company profile
7.8.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.8.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of STATSChipPAC
7.9 SiliconwarePrecisionIndustries
7.9.1 Company profile
7.9.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.9.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of SiliconwarePrecisionIndustries
7.10 UnisemGroup
7.10.1 Company profile
7.10.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.10.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of UnisemGroup
7.11 UTACGroup
7.11.1 Company profile
7.11.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.11.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of UTACGroup
7.12 ChipbondTechnologyCorporation
7.12.1 Company profile
7.12.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.12.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of ChipbondTechnologyCorporation
7.13 ChipMOSTechnologies
7.13.1 Company profile
7.13.2 Representative Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Product
7.13.3 Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of ChipMOSTechnologies
CHAPTER 8 UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM MARKET ANALYSIS OF OUTSOURCED SEMICONDUCTOR ASSEMBLY AND TESTING
8.1 Industry Chain of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing
8.2 Upstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
8.3 Downstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
CHAPTER 9 COST AND GROSS MARGIN ANALYSIS OF OUTSOURCED SEMICONDUCTOR ASSEMBLY AND TESTING
9.1 Cost Structure Analysis of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing
9.2 Raw Materials Cost Analysis of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing
9.3 Labor Cost Analysis of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing
9.4 Manufacturing Expenses Analysis of Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing
CHAPTER 10 MARKETING STATUS ANALYSIS OF OUTSOURCED SEMICONDUCTOR ASSEMBLY AND TESTING
10.1 Marketing Channel
10.1.1 Direct Marketing
10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
10.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
10.2 Market Positioning
10.2.1 Pricing Strategy
10.2.2 Brand Strategy
10.2.3 Target Client
10.3 Distributors/Traders List
CHAPTER 11 REPORT CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 12 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND REFERENCE
12.1 Methodology/Research Approach
12.1.1 Research Programs/Design
12.1.2 Market Size Estimation
12.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
12.2 Data Source
12.2.1 Secondary Sources
12.2.2 Primary Sources
12.3 Reference
