Mechanized Cutting Equipment-China Market Status and Trend Report 2013-2023
Report Summary
Mechanized Cutting Equipment-China Market Status and Trend Report 2013-2023 offers a comprehensive analysis on Mechanized Cutting Equipment industry, standing on the readers? perspective, delivering detailed market data and penetrating insights. No matter the client is industry insider, potential entrant or investor, the report will provides useful data and information. Key questions answered by this report include:
Whole China and Regional Market Size of Mechanized Cutting Equipment 2013-2017, and development forecast 2018-2023
Main market players of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China, with company and product introduction, position in the Mechanized Cutting Equipment market
Market status and development trend of Mechanized Cutting Equipment by types and applications
Cost and profit status of Mechanized Cutting Equipment, and marketing status
Market growth drivers and challenges
The report segments the China Mechanized Cutting Equipment market as:
China Mechanized Cutting Equipment Market: Regional Segment Analysis (Regional Consumption Volume, Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate 2013-2023):
North China
Northeast China
East China
Central & South China
Southwest China
Northwest China
China Mechanized Cutting Equipment Market: Product Type Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume, Average Price, Revenue, Market Share and Trend 2013-2023):
Oxy-fuel equipment
Plasma cutting equipment
Cutting tables
Cutting machines
China Mechanized Cutting Equipment Market: Application Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume and Market Share 2013-2023; Downstream Customers and Market Analysis)
Automotive
Heavy Fabrication
Shipbuilding
Structural
Maintenance & Repair
Pipe Mill
Offshore
Pipeline
Power Industry
China Mechanized Cutting Equipment Market: Players Segment Analysis (Company and Product introduction, Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales Volume, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin):
Colfax Corporatoin
Illinois Tool Works Inc.
Lincoln Electric Holdings, Inc.
Air Liquide S.A.
The Linde Group
Messer Group
GCE Holding AB
Koike Aronson Inc.
Matheson TRI-Gas Inc.
Bug-O
Gentec (Shanghai) Corporation
British Oxygen Company
Muller Opladen
Cavagna Group
Rotarex
In a word, the report provides detailed statistics and analysis on the state of the industry; and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market.
Mechanized Cutting Equipment-China Market Status and Trend Report 2013-2023 offers a comprehensive analysis on Mechanized Cutting Equipment industry, standing on the readers? perspective, delivering detailed market data and penetrating insights. No matter the client is industry insider, potential entrant or investor, the report will provides useful data and information. Key questions answered by this report include:
Whole China and Regional Market Size of Mechanized Cutting Equipment 2013-2017, and development forecast 2018-2023
Main market players of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China, with company and product introduction, position in the Mechanized Cutting Equipment market
Market status and development trend of Mechanized Cutting Equipment by types and applications
Cost and profit status of Mechanized Cutting Equipment, and marketing status
Market growth drivers and challenges
The report segments the China Mechanized Cutting Equipment market as:
China Mechanized Cutting Equipment Market: Regional Segment Analysis (Regional Consumption Volume, Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate 2013-2023):
North China
Northeast China
East China
Central & South China
Southwest China
Northwest China
China Mechanized Cutting Equipment Market: Product Type Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume, Average Price, Revenue, Market Share and Trend 2013-2023):
Oxy-fuel equipment
Plasma cutting equipment
Cutting tables
Cutting machines
China Mechanized Cutting Equipment Market: Application Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume and Market Share 2013-2023; Downstream Customers and Market Analysis)
Automotive
Heavy Fabrication
Shipbuilding
Structural
Maintenance & Repair
Pipe Mill
Offshore
Pipeline
Power Industry
China Mechanized Cutting Equipment Market: Players Segment Analysis (Company and Product introduction, Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales Volume, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin):
Colfax Corporatoin
Illinois Tool Works Inc.
Lincoln Electric Holdings, Inc.
Air Liquide S.A.
The Linde Group
Messer Group
GCE Holding AB
Koike Aronson Inc.
Matheson TRI-Gas Inc.
Bug-O
Gentec (Shanghai) Corporation
British Oxygen Company
Muller Opladen
Cavagna Group
Rotarex
In a word, the report provides detailed statistics and analysis on the state of the industry; and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market.
CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW OF MECHANIZED CUTTING EQUIPMENT
1.1 Definition of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in This Report
1.2 Commercial Types of Mechanized Cutting Equipment
1.2.1 Oxy-fuel equipment
1.2.2 Plasma cutting equipment
1.2.3 Cutting tables
1.2.4 Cutting machines
1.3 Downstream Application of Mechanized Cutting Equipment
1.3.1 Automotive
1.3.2 Heavy Fabrication
1.3.3 Shipbuilding
1.3.4 Structural
1.3.5 Maintenance & Repair
1.3.6 Pipe Mill
1.3.7 Offshore
1.3.8 Pipeline
1.3.9 Power Industry
1.4 Development History of Mechanized Cutting Equipment
1.5 Market Status and Trend of Mechanized Cutting Equipment 2013-2023
1.5.1 China Mechanized Cutting Equipment Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
1.5.2 Regional Mechanized Cutting Equipment Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
CHAPTER 2 CHINA MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY REGIONS
2.1 Market Status of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China 2013-2017
2.2 Consumption Market of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Regions
2.2.1 Consumption Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Regions
2.2.2 Revenue of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Regions
2.3 Market Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Regions
2.3.1 Market Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in North China 2013-2017
2.3.2 Market Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in Northeast China 2013-2017
2.3.3 Market Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in East China 2013-2017
2.3.4 Market Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in Central & South China 2013-2017
2.3.5 Market Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in Southwest China 2013-2017
2.3.6 Market Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in Northwest China 2013-2017
2.4 Market Development Forecast of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China 2018-2023
2.4.1 Market Development Forecast of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China 2018-2023
2.4.2 Market Development Forecast of Mechanized Cutting Equipment by Regions 2018-2023
CHAPTER 3 CHINA MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY TYPES
3.1 Whole China Market Status by Types
3.1.1 Consumption Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Types
3.1.2 Revenue of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Types
3.2 China Market Status by Types in Major Countries
3.2.1 Market Status by Types in North China
3.2.2 Market Status by Types in Northeast China
3.2.3 Market Status by Types in East China
3.2.4 Market Status by Types in Central & South China
3.2.5 Market Status by Types in Southwest China
3.2.6 Market Status by Types in Northwest China
3.3 Market Forecast of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Types
CHAPTER 4 CHINA MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
4.1 Demand Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Downstream Industry
4.2 Demand Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment by Downstream Industry in Major Countries
4.2.1 Demand Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment by Downstream Industry in North China
4.2.2 Demand Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment by Downstream Industry in Northeast China
4.2.3 Demand Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment by Downstream Industry in East China
4.2.4 Demand Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment by Downstream Industry in Central & South China
4.2.5 Demand Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment by Downstream Industry in Southwest China
4.2.6 Demand Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment by Downstream Industry in Northwest China
4.3 Market Forecast of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Downstream Industry
CHAPTER 5 MARKET DRIVING FACTOR ANALYSIS OF MECHANIZED CUTTING EQUIPMENT
5.1 China Economy Situation and Trend Overview
5.2 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Downstream Industry Situation and Trend Overview
CHAPTER 6 MECHANIZED CUTTING EQUIPMENT MARKET COMPETITION STATUS BY MAJOR PLAYERS IN CHINA
6.1 Sales Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Major Players
6.2 Revenue of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Major Players
6.3 Basic Information of Mechanized Cutting Equipment by Major Players
6.3.1 Headquarters Location and Established Time of Mechanized Cutting Equipment Major Players
6.3.2 Employees and Revenue Level of Mechanized Cutting Equipment Major Players
6.4 Market Competition News and Trend
6.4.1 Merger, Consolidation or Acquisition News
6.4.2 Investment or Disinvestment News
6.4.3 New Product Development and Launch
CHAPTER 7 MECHANIZED CUTTING EQUIPMENT MAJOR MANUFACTURERS INTRODUCTION AND MARKET DATA
7.1 Colfax Corporatoin
7.1.1 Company profile
7.1.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.1.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Colfax Corporatoin
7.2 Illinois Tool Works Inc.
7.2.1 Company profile
7.2.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.2.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Illinois Tool Works Inc.
7.3 Lincoln Electric Holdings, Inc.
7.3.1 Company profile
7.3.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.3.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Lincoln Electric Holdings, Inc.
7.4 Air Liquide S.A.
7.4.1 Company profile
7.4.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.4.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Air Liquide S.A.
7.5 The Linde Group
7.5.1 Company profile
7.5.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.5.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of The Linde Group
7.6 Messer Group
7.6.1 Company profile
7.6.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.6.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Messer Group
7.7 GCE Holding AB
7.7.1 Company profile
7.7.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.7.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of GCE Holding AB
7.8 Koike Aronson Inc.
7.8.1 Company profile
7.8.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.8.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Koike Aronson Inc.
7.9 Matheson TRI-Gas Inc.
7.9.1 Company profile
7.9.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.9.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Matheson TRI-Gas Inc.
7.10 Bug-O
7.10.1 Company profile
7.10.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.10.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Bug-O
7.11 Gentec (Shanghai) Corporation
7.11.1 Company profile
7.11.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.11.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Gentec (Shanghai) Corporation
7.12 British Oxygen Company
7.12.1 Company profile
7.12.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.12.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of British Oxygen Company
7.13 Muller Opladen
7.13.1 Company profile
7.13.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.13.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Muller Opladen
7.14 Cavagna Group
7.14.1 Company profile
7.14.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.14.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Cavagna Group
7.15 Rotarex
7.15.1 Company profile
7.15.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.15.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Rotarex
CHAPTER 8 UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM MARKET ANALYSIS OF MECHANIZED CUTTING EQUIPMENT
8.1 Industry Chain of Mechanized Cutting Equipment
8.2 Upstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
8.3 Downstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
CHAPTER 9 COST AND GROSS MARGIN ANALYSIS OF MECHANIZED CUTTING EQUIPMENT
9.1 Cost Structure Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment
9.2 Raw Materials Cost Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment
9.3 Labor Cost Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment
9.4 Manufacturing Expenses Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment
CHAPTER 10 MARKETING STATUS ANALYSIS OF MECHANIZED CUTTING EQUIPMENT
10.1 Marketing Channel
10.1.1 Direct Marketing
10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
10.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
10.2 Market Positioning
10.2.1 Pricing Strategy
10.2.2 Brand Strategy
10.2.3 Target Client
10.3 Distributors/Traders List
CHAPTER 11 REPORT CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 12 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND REFERENCE
12.1 Methodology/Research Approach
12.1.1 Research Programs/Design
12.1.2 Market Size Estimation
12.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
12.2 Data Source
12.2.1 Secondary Sources
12.2.2 Primary Sources
12.3 Reference
1.1 Definition of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in This Report
1.2 Commercial Types of Mechanized Cutting Equipment
1.2.1 Oxy-fuel equipment
1.2.2 Plasma cutting equipment
1.2.3 Cutting tables
1.2.4 Cutting machines
1.3 Downstream Application of Mechanized Cutting Equipment
1.3.1 Automotive
1.3.2 Heavy Fabrication
1.3.3 Shipbuilding
1.3.4 Structural
1.3.5 Maintenance & Repair
1.3.6 Pipe Mill
1.3.7 Offshore
1.3.8 Pipeline
1.3.9 Power Industry
1.4 Development History of Mechanized Cutting Equipment
1.5 Market Status and Trend of Mechanized Cutting Equipment 2013-2023
1.5.1 China Mechanized Cutting Equipment Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
1.5.2 Regional Mechanized Cutting Equipment Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
CHAPTER 2 CHINA MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY REGIONS
2.1 Market Status of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China 2013-2017
2.2 Consumption Market of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Regions
2.2.1 Consumption Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Regions
2.2.2 Revenue of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Regions
2.3 Market Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Regions
2.3.1 Market Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in North China 2013-2017
2.3.2 Market Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in Northeast China 2013-2017
2.3.3 Market Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in East China 2013-2017
2.3.4 Market Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in Central & South China 2013-2017
2.3.5 Market Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in Southwest China 2013-2017
2.3.6 Market Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in Northwest China 2013-2017
2.4 Market Development Forecast of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China 2018-2023
2.4.1 Market Development Forecast of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China 2018-2023
2.4.2 Market Development Forecast of Mechanized Cutting Equipment by Regions 2018-2023
CHAPTER 3 CHINA MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY TYPES
3.1 Whole China Market Status by Types
3.1.1 Consumption Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Types
3.1.2 Revenue of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Types
3.2 China Market Status by Types in Major Countries
3.2.1 Market Status by Types in North China
3.2.2 Market Status by Types in Northeast China
3.2.3 Market Status by Types in East China
3.2.4 Market Status by Types in Central & South China
3.2.5 Market Status by Types in Southwest China
3.2.6 Market Status by Types in Northwest China
3.3 Market Forecast of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Types
CHAPTER 4 CHINA MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
4.1 Demand Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Downstream Industry
4.2 Demand Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment by Downstream Industry in Major Countries
4.2.1 Demand Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment by Downstream Industry in North China
4.2.2 Demand Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment by Downstream Industry in Northeast China
4.2.3 Demand Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment by Downstream Industry in East China
4.2.4 Demand Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment by Downstream Industry in Central & South China
4.2.5 Demand Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment by Downstream Industry in Southwest China
4.2.6 Demand Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment by Downstream Industry in Northwest China
4.3 Market Forecast of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Downstream Industry
CHAPTER 5 MARKET DRIVING FACTOR ANALYSIS OF MECHANIZED CUTTING EQUIPMENT
5.1 China Economy Situation and Trend Overview
5.2 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Downstream Industry Situation and Trend Overview
CHAPTER 6 MECHANIZED CUTTING EQUIPMENT MARKET COMPETITION STATUS BY MAJOR PLAYERS IN CHINA
6.1 Sales Volume of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Major Players
6.2 Revenue of Mechanized Cutting Equipment in China by Major Players
6.3 Basic Information of Mechanized Cutting Equipment by Major Players
6.3.1 Headquarters Location and Established Time of Mechanized Cutting Equipment Major Players
6.3.2 Employees and Revenue Level of Mechanized Cutting Equipment Major Players
6.4 Market Competition News and Trend
6.4.1 Merger, Consolidation or Acquisition News
6.4.2 Investment or Disinvestment News
6.4.3 New Product Development and Launch
CHAPTER 7 MECHANIZED CUTTING EQUIPMENT MAJOR MANUFACTURERS INTRODUCTION AND MARKET DATA
7.1 Colfax Corporatoin
7.1.1 Company profile
7.1.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.1.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Colfax Corporatoin
7.2 Illinois Tool Works Inc.
7.2.1 Company profile
7.2.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.2.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Illinois Tool Works Inc.
7.3 Lincoln Electric Holdings, Inc.
7.3.1 Company profile
7.3.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.3.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Lincoln Electric Holdings, Inc.
7.4 Air Liquide S.A.
7.4.1 Company profile
7.4.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.4.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Air Liquide S.A.
7.5 The Linde Group
7.5.1 Company profile
7.5.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.5.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of The Linde Group
7.6 Messer Group
7.6.1 Company profile
7.6.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.6.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Messer Group
7.7 GCE Holding AB
7.7.1 Company profile
7.7.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.7.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of GCE Holding AB
7.8 Koike Aronson Inc.
7.8.1 Company profile
7.8.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.8.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Koike Aronson Inc.
7.9 Matheson TRI-Gas Inc.
7.9.1 Company profile
7.9.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.9.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Matheson TRI-Gas Inc.
7.10 Bug-O
7.10.1 Company profile
7.10.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.10.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Bug-O
7.11 Gentec (Shanghai) Corporation
7.11.1 Company profile
7.11.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.11.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Gentec (Shanghai) Corporation
7.12 British Oxygen Company
7.12.1 Company profile
7.12.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.12.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of British Oxygen Company
7.13 Muller Opladen
7.13.1 Company profile
7.13.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.13.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Muller Opladen
7.14 Cavagna Group
7.14.1 Company profile
7.14.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.14.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Cavagna Group
7.15 Rotarex
7.15.1 Company profile
7.15.2 Representative Mechanized Cutting Equipment Product
7.15.3 Mechanized Cutting Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Rotarex
CHAPTER 8 UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM MARKET ANALYSIS OF MECHANIZED CUTTING EQUIPMENT
8.1 Industry Chain of Mechanized Cutting Equipment
8.2 Upstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
8.3 Downstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
CHAPTER 9 COST AND GROSS MARGIN ANALYSIS OF MECHANIZED CUTTING EQUIPMENT
9.1 Cost Structure Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment
9.2 Raw Materials Cost Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment
9.3 Labor Cost Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment
9.4 Manufacturing Expenses Analysis of Mechanized Cutting Equipment
CHAPTER 10 MARKETING STATUS ANALYSIS OF MECHANIZED CUTTING EQUIPMENT
10.1 Marketing Channel
10.1.1 Direct Marketing
10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
10.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
10.2 Market Positioning
10.2.1 Pricing Strategy
10.2.2 Brand Strategy
10.2.3 Target Client
10.3 Distributors/Traders List
CHAPTER 11 REPORT CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 12 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND REFERENCE
12.1 Methodology/Research Approach
12.1.1 Research Programs/Design
12.1.2 Market Size Estimation
12.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
12.2 Data Source
12.2.1 Secondary Sources
12.2.2 Primary Sources
12.3 Reference
