Carbide Tipped Needle Holders-Europe Market Status and Trend Report 2013-2023
Report Summary
Carbide Tipped Needle Holders-Europe Market Status and Trend Report 2013-2023 offers a comprehensive analysis on Carbide Tipped Needle Holders industry, standing on the readers? perspective, delivering detailed market data and penetrating insights. No matter the client is industry insider, potential entrant or investor, the report will provides useful data and information. Key questions answered by this report include:
Whole Europe and Regional Market Size of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders 2013-2017, and development forecast 2018-2023
Main market players of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe, with company and product introduction, position in the Carbide Tipped Needle Holders market
Market status and development trend of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by types and applications
Cost and profit status of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders, and marketing status
Market growth drivers and challenges
The report segments the Europe Carbide Tipped Needle Holders market as:
Europe Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Market: Regional Segment Analysis (Regional Consumption Volume, Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate 2013-2023):
Germany
United Kingdom
France
Italy
Spain
Benelux
Russia
Europe Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Market: Product Type Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume, Average Price, Revenue, Market Share and Trend 2013-2023):
<5'
5-7'
>7'
Europe Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Market: Application Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume and Market Share 2013-2023; Downstream Customers and Market Analysis)
Dental
Surgical
Veterinary
Other
Europe Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Market: Players Segment Analysis (Company and Product introduction, Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales Volume, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin):
B.Braun
LAWTON
August Reuchlen GmbH
J&J Instruments
Hu-Friedy
Towne Brothers
Serrations
Stille
MEDICON EG
Baxter
Marina Medical
Beck Instruments
Instrumed International
QSA Surgical
Shanghai Medical Devices Group
Changsha Tiantian Dental Equipemnt
In a word, the report provides detailed statistics and analysis on the state of the industry; and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market.
Carbide Tipped Needle Holders-Europe Market Status and Trend Report 2013-2023 offers a comprehensive analysis on Carbide Tipped Needle Holders industry, standing on the readers? perspective, delivering detailed market data and penetrating insights. No matter the client is industry insider, potential entrant or investor, the report will provides useful data and information. Key questions answered by this report include:
Whole Europe and Regional Market Size of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders 2013-2017, and development forecast 2018-2023
Main market players of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe, with company and product introduction, position in the Carbide Tipped Needle Holders market
Market status and development trend of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by types and applications
Cost and profit status of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders, and marketing status
Market growth drivers and challenges
The report segments the Europe Carbide Tipped Needle Holders market as:
Europe Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Market: Regional Segment Analysis (Regional Consumption Volume, Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate 2013-2023):
Germany
United Kingdom
France
Italy
Spain
Benelux
Russia
Europe Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Market: Product Type Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume, Average Price, Revenue, Market Share and Trend 2013-2023):
<5'
5-7'
>7'
Europe Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Market: Application Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume and Market Share 2013-2023; Downstream Customers and Market Analysis)
Dental
Surgical
Veterinary
Other
Europe Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Market: Players Segment Analysis (Company and Product introduction, Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales Volume, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin):
B.Braun
LAWTON
August Reuchlen GmbH
J&J Instruments
Hu-Friedy
Towne Brothers
Serrations
Stille
MEDICON EG
Baxter
Marina Medical
Beck Instruments
Instrumed International
QSA Surgical
Shanghai Medical Devices Group
Changsha Tiantian Dental Equipemnt
In a word, the report provides detailed statistics and analysis on the state of the industry; and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market.
CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW OF CARBIDE TIPPED NEEDLE HOLDERS
1.1 Definition of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in This Report
1.2 Commercial Types of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders
1.2.1 <5'
1.2.2 5-7'
1.2.3 >7'
1.3 Downstream Application of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders
1.3.1 Dental
1.3.2 Surgical
1.3.3 Veterinary
1.3.4 Other
1.4 Development History of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders
1.5 Market Status and Trend of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders 2013-2023
1.5.1 Europe Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
1.5.2 Regional Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
CHAPTER 2 EUROPE MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY REGIONS
2.1 Market Status of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe 2013-2017
2.2 Consumption Market of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Regions
2.2.1 Consumption Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Regions
2.2.2 Revenue of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Regions
2.3 Market Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Regions
2.3.1 Market Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Germany 2013-2017
2.3.2 Market Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in United Kingdom 2013-2017
2.3.3 Market Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in France 2013-2017
2.3.4 Market Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Italy 2013-2017
2.3.5 Market Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Spain 2013-2017
2.3.6 Market Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Benelux 2013-2017
2.3.7 Market Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Russia 2013-2017
2.4 Market Development Forecast of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe 2018-2023
2.4.1 Market Development Forecast of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe 2018-2023
2.4.2 Market Development Forecast of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by Regions 2018-2023
CHAPTER 3 EUROPE MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY TYPES
3.1 Whole Europe Market Status by Types
3.1.1 Consumption Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Types
3.1.2 Revenue of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Types
3.2 Europe Market Status by Types in Major Countries
3.2.1 Market Status by Types in Germany
3.2.2 Market Status by Types in United Kingdom
3.2.3 Market Status by Types in France
3.2.4 Market Status by Types in Italy
3.2.5 Market Status by Types in Spain
3.2.6 Market Status by Types in Benelux
3.2.7 Market Status by Types in Russia
3.3 Market Forecast of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Types
CHAPTER 4 EUROPE MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
4.1 Demand Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Downstream Industry
4.2 Demand Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by Downstream Industry in Major Countries
4.2.1 Demand Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by Downstream Industry in Germany
4.2.2 Demand Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by Downstream Industry in United Kingdom
4.2.3 Demand Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by Downstream Industry in France
4.2.4 Demand Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by Downstream Industry in Italy
4.2.5 Demand Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by Downstream Industry in Spain
4.2.6 Demand Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by Downstream Industry in Benelux
4.2.7 Demand Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by Downstream Industry in Russia
4.3 Market Forecast of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Downstream Industry
CHAPTER 5 MARKET DRIVING FACTOR ANALYSIS OF CARBIDE TIPPED NEEDLE HOLDERS
5.1 Europe Economy Situation and Trend Overview
5.2 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Downstream Industry Situation and Trend Overview
CHAPTER 6 CARBIDE TIPPED NEEDLE HOLDERS MARKET COMPETITION STATUS BY MAJOR PLAYERS IN EUROPE
6.1 Sales Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Major Players
6.2 Revenue of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Major Players
6.3 Basic Information of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by Major Players
6.3.1 Headquarters Location and Established Time of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Major Players
6.3.2 Employees and Revenue Level of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Major Players
6.4 Market Competition News and Trend
6.4.1 Merger, Consolidation or Acquisition News
6.4.2 Investment or Disinvestment News
6.4.3 New Product Development and Launch
CHAPTER 7 CARBIDE TIPPED NEEDLE HOLDERS MAJOR MANUFACTURERS INTRODUCTION AND MARKET DATA
7.1 B.Braun
7.1.1 Company profile
7.1.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.1.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of B.Braun
7.2 LAWTON
7.2.1 Company profile
7.2.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.2.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of LAWTON
7.3 August Reuchlen GmbH
7.3.1 Company profile
7.3.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.3.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of August Reuchlen GmbH
7.4 J&J Instruments
7.4.1 Company profile
7.4.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.4.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of J&J Instruments
7.5 Hu-Friedy
7.5.1 Company profile
7.5.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.5.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Hu-Friedy
7.6 Towne Brothers
7.6.1 Company profile
7.6.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.6.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Towne Brothers
7.7 Serrations
7.7.1 Company profile
7.7.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.7.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Serrations
7.8 Stille
7.8.1 Company profile
7.8.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.8.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Stille
7.9 MEDICON EG
7.9.1 Company profile
7.9.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.9.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of MEDICON EG
7.10 Baxter
7.10.1 Company profile
7.10.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.10.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Baxter
7.11 Marina Medical
7.11.1 Company profile
7.11.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.11.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Marina Medical
7.12 Beck Instruments
7.12.1 Company profile
7.12.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.12.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Beck Instruments
7.13 Instrumed International
7.13.1 Company profile
7.13.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.13.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Instrumed International
7.14 QSA Surgical
7.14.1 Company profile
7.14.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.14.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of QSA Surgical
7.15 Shanghai Medical Devices Group
7.15.1 Company profile
7.15.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.15.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Shanghai Medical Devices Group
7.16 Changsha Tiantian Dental Equipemnt
CHAPTER 8 UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM MARKET ANALYSIS OF CARBIDE TIPPED NEEDLE HOLDERS
8.1 Industry Chain of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders
8.2 Upstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
8.3 Downstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
CHAPTER 9 COST AND GROSS MARGIN ANALYSIS OF CARBIDE TIPPED NEEDLE HOLDERS
9.1 Cost Structure Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders
9.2 Raw Materials Cost Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders
9.3 Labor Cost Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders
9.4 Manufacturing Expenses Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders
CHAPTER 10 MARKETING STATUS ANALYSIS OF CARBIDE TIPPED NEEDLE HOLDERS
10.1 Marketing Channel
10.1.1 Direct Marketing
10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
10.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
10.2 Market Positioning
10.2.1 Pricing Strategy
10.2.2 Brand Strategy
10.2.3 Target Client
10.3 Distributors/Traders List
CHAPTER 11 REPORT CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 12 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND REFERENCE
12.1 Methodology/Research Approach
12.1.1 Research Programs/Design
12.1.2 Market Size Estimation
12.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
12.2 Data Source
12.2.1 Secondary Sources
12.2.2 Primary Sources
12.3 Reference
1.1 Definition of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in This Report
1.2 Commercial Types of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders
1.2.1 <5'
1.2.2 5-7'
1.2.3 >7'
1.3 Downstream Application of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders
1.3.1 Dental
1.3.2 Surgical
1.3.3 Veterinary
1.3.4 Other
1.4 Development History of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders
1.5 Market Status and Trend of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders 2013-2023
1.5.1 Europe Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
1.5.2 Regional Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
CHAPTER 2 EUROPE MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY REGIONS
2.1 Market Status of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe 2013-2017
2.2 Consumption Market of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Regions
2.2.1 Consumption Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Regions
2.2.2 Revenue of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Regions
2.3 Market Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Regions
2.3.1 Market Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Germany 2013-2017
2.3.2 Market Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in United Kingdom 2013-2017
2.3.3 Market Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in France 2013-2017
2.3.4 Market Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Italy 2013-2017
2.3.5 Market Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Spain 2013-2017
2.3.6 Market Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Benelux 2013-2017
2.3.7 Market Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Russia 2013-2017
2.4 Market Development Forecast of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe 2018-2023
2.4.1 Market Development Forecast of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe 2018-2023
2.4.2 Market Development Forecast of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by Regions 2018-2023
CHAPTER 3 EUROPE MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY TYPES
3.1 Whole Europe Market Status by Types
3.1.1 Consumption Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Types
3.1.2 Revenue of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Types
3.2 Europe Market Status by Types in Major Countries
3.2.1 Market Status by Types in Germany
3.2.2 Market Status by Types in United Kingdom
3.2.3 Market Status by Types in France
3.2.4 Market Status by Types in Italy
3.2.5 Market Status by Types in Spain
3.2.6 Market Status by Types in Benelux
3.2.7 Market Status by Types in Russia
3.3 Market Forecast of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Types
CHAPTER 4 EUROPE MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
4.1 Demand Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Downstream Industry
4.2 Demand Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by Downstream Industry in Major Countries
4.2.1 Demand Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by Downstream Industry in Germany
4.2.2 Demand Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by Downstream Industry in United Kingdom
4.2.3 Demand Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by Downstream Industry in France
4.2.4 Demand Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by Downstream Industry in Italy
4.2.5 Demand Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by Downstream Industry in Spain
4.2.6 Demand Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by Downstream Industry in Benelux
4.2.7 Demand Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by Downstream Industry in Russia
4.3 Market Forecast of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Downstream Industry
CHAPTER 5 MARKET DRIVING FACTOR ANALYSIS OF CARBIDE TIPPED NEEDLE HOLDERS
5.1 Europe Economy Situation and Trend Overview
5.2 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Downstream Industry Situation and Trend Overview
CHAPTER 6 CARBIDE TIPPED NEEDLE HOLDERS MARKET COMPETITION STATUS BY MAJOR PLAYERS IN EUROPE
6.1 Sales Volume of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Major Players
6.2 Revenue of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders in Europe by Major Players
6.3 Basic Information of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders by Major Players
6.3.1 Headquarters Location and Established Time of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Major Players
6.3.2 Employees and Revenue Level of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Major Players
6.4 Market Competition News and Trend
6.4.1 Merger, Consolidation or Acquisition News
6.4.2 Investment or Disinvestment News
6.4.3 New Product Development and Launch
CHAPTER 7 CARBIDE TIPPED NEEDLE HOLDERS MAJOR MANUFACTURERS INTRODUCTION AND MARKET DATA
7.1 B.Braun
7.1.1 Company profile
7.1.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.1.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of B.Braun
7.2 LAWTON
7.2.1 Company profile
7.2.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.2.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of LAWTON
7.3 August Reuchlen GmbH
7.3.1 Company profile
7.3.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.3.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of August Reuchlen GmbH
7.4 J&J Instruments
7.4.1 Company profile
7.4.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.4.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of J&J Instruments
7.5 Hu-Friedy
7.5.1 Company profile
7.5.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.5.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Hu-Friedy
7.6 Towne Brothers
7.6.1 Company profile
7.6.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.6.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Towne Brothers
7.7 Serrations
7.7.1 Company profile
7.7.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.7.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Serrations
7.8 Stille
7.8.1 Company profile
7.8.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.8.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Stille
7.9 MEDICON EG
7.9.1 Company profile
7.9.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.9.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of MEDICON EG
7.10 Baxter
7.10.1 Company profile
7.10.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.10.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Baxter
7.11 Marina Medical
7.11.1 Company profile
7.11.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.11.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Marina Medical
7.12 Beck Instruments
7.12.1 Company profile
7.12.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.12.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Beck Instruments
7.13 Instrumed International
7.13.1 Company profile
7.13.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.13.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Instrumed International
7.14 QSA Surgical
7.14.1 Company profile
7.14.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.14.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of QSA Surgical
7.15 Shanghai Medical Devices Group
7.15.1 Company profile
7.15.2 Representative Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Product
7.15.3 Carbide Tipped Needle Holders Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Shanghai Medical Devices Group
7.16 Changsha Tiantian Dental Equipemnt
CHAPTER 8 UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM MARKET ANALYSIS OF CARBIDE TIPPED NEEDLE HOLDERS
8.1 Industry Chain of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders
8.2 Upstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
8.3 Downstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
CHAPTER 9 COST AND GROSS MARGIN ANALYSIS OF CARBIDE TIPPED NEEDLE HOLDERS
9.1 Cost Structure Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders
9.2 Raw Materials Cost Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders
9.3 Labor Cost Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders
9.4 Manufacturing Expenses Analysis of Carbide Tipped Needle Holders
CHAPTER 10 MARKETING STATUS ANALYSIS OF CARBIDE TIPPED NEEDLE HOLDERS
10.1 Marketing Channel
10.1.1 Direct Marketing
10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
10.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
10.2 Market Positioning
10.2.1 Pricing Strategy
10.2.2 Brand Strategy
10.2.3 Target Client
10.3 Distributors/Traders List
CHAPTER 11 REPORT CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 12 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND REFERENCE
12.1 Methodology/Research Approach
12.1.1 Research Programs/Design
12.1.2 Market Size Estimation
12.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
12.2 Data Source
12.2.1 Secondary Sources
12.2.2 Primary Sources
12.3 Reference
