Aero-Engine-Global Market Status & Trend Report 2016-2026 Top 20 Countries Data
Report Summary
Aero-Engine-Global Market Status & Trend Report 2016-2026 Top 20 Countries Data offers a comprehensive analysis on Aero-Engine industry, standing on the readers’ perspective, delivering detailed market data in Global major 20 countries and penetrating insights. No matter the client is industry insider, potential entrant or investor, the report will provides useful data and information. Key questions answered by this report include:
Worldwide and Top 20 Countries Market Size of Aero-Engine 2016-2021, and development forecast 2022-2026
Main manufacturers/suppliers of Aero-Engine worldwide and market share by regions, with company and product introduction, position in the Aero-Engine market
Market status and development trend of Aero-Engine by types and applications
Cost and profit status of Aero-Engine, and marketing status
Market growth drivers and challengesSince the COVID-19 virus outbreak in December 2019, the disease has spread to almost 100 countries around the globe with the World Health Organization declaring it a public health emergency.The global impacts of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are already starting to be felt, and will significantly affect the Ammonium Aero-Engine market in 2020.COVID-19 can affect the global economy in three main ways: by directly affecting production and demand, by creating supply chain and market disruption, and by its financial impact on firms and financial markets.The outbreak of COVID-19 has brought effects on many aspects, like flight cancellations; travel bans and quarantines; restaurants closed; all indoor events restricted; over forty countries state of emergency declared; massive slowing of the supply chain; stock market volatility; falling business confidence, growing panic among the population, and uncertainty about future.This report also analyses the impact of Coronavirus COVID-19 on the Aero-Engine industry.
The report segments the global Aero-Engine market as:
Global Aero-Engine Market: Regional Segment Analysis (Regional Production Volume, Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate 2016-2026):
North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)
Europe (Germany, UK, France, Italy, Russia, Spain and Benelux)
Asia Pacific (China, Japan, India, Southeast Asia and Australia)
Latin America (Brazil, Argentina and Colombia)
Middle East and Africa
Global Aero-Engine Market: Type Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume, Average Price, Revenue, Market Share and Trend 2016-2026):
PistonEngine
GasTurbineEngine
OtherEngine
Global Aero-Engine Market: Application Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume and Market Share 206-2026; Downstream Customers and Market Analysis)
CommercialAircrafts
MilitaryAircrafts
Global Aero-Engine Market: Manufacturers Segment Analysis (Company and Product introduction, Aero-Engine Sales Volume, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin):
GE
Pratt&Whitney
Rolls-Royce
Safran
In a word, the report provides detailed statistics and analysis on the state of the industry; and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market.
Aero-Engine-Global Market Status & Trend Report 2016-2026 Top 20 Countries Data offers a comprehensive analysis on Aero-Engine industry, standing on the readers’ perspective, delivering detailed market data in Global major 20 countries and penetrating insights. No matter the client is industry insider, potential entrant or investor, the report will provides useful data and information. Key questions answered by this report include:
Worldwide and Top 20 Countries Market Size of Aero-Engine 2016-2021, and development forecast 2022-2026
Main manufacturers/suppliers of Aero-Engine worldwide and market share by regions, with company and product introduction, position in the Aero-Engine market
Market status and development trend of Aero-Engine by types and applications
Cost and profit status of Aero-Engine, and marketing status
Market growth drivers and challengesSince the COVID-19 virus outbreak in December 2019, the disease has spread to almost 100 countries around the globe with the World Health Organization declaring it a public health emergency.The global impacts of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are already starting to be felt, and will significantly affect the Ammonium Aero-Engine market in 2020.COVID-19 can affect the global economy in three main ways: by directly affecting production and demand, by creating supply chain and market disruption, and by its financial impact on firms and financial markets.The outbreak of COVID-19 has brought effects on many aspects, like flight cancellations; travel bans and quarantines; restaurants closed; all indoor events restricted; over forty countries state of emergency declared; massive slowing of the supply chain; stock market volatility; falling business confidence, growing panic among the population, and uncertainty about future.This report also analyses the impact of Coronavirus COVID-19 on the Aero-Engine industry.
The report segments the global Aero-Engine market as:
Global Aero-Engine Market: Regional Segment Analysis (Regional Production Volume, Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate 2016-2026):
North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)
Europe (Germany, UK, France, Italy, Russia, Spain and Benelux)
Asia Pacific (China, Japan, India, Southeast Asia and Australia)
Latin America (Brazil, Argentina and Colombia)
Middle East and Africa
Global Aero-Engine Market: Type Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume, Average Price, Revenue, Market Share and Trend 2016-2026):
PistonEngine
GasTurbineEngine
OtherEngine
Global Aero-Engine Market: Application Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume and Market Share 206-2026; Downstream Customers and Market Analysis)
CommercialAircrafts
MilitaryAircrafts
Global Aero-Engine Market: Manufacturers Segment Analysis (Company and Product introduction, Aero-Engine Sales Volume, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin):
GE
Pratt&Whitney
Rolls-Royce
Safran
In a word, the report provides detailed statistics and analysis on the state of the industry; and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market.
CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW OF AERO-ENGINE
1.1 Definition of Aero-Engine in This Report
1.2 Commercial Types of Aero-Engine
1.2.1 PistonEngine
1.2.2 GasTurbineEngine
1.2.3 OtherEngine
1.3 Downstream Application of Aero-Engine
1.3.1 CommercialAircrafts
1.3.2 MilitaryAircrafts
1.4 Development History of Aero-Engine
1.5 Market Status and Trend of Aero-Engine 2016-2026
1.5.1 Global Aero-Engine Market Status and Trend 2016-2026
1.5.2 Regional Aero-Engine Market Status and Trend 2016-2026
CHAPTER 2 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY REGIONS
2.1 Market Development of Aero-Engine 2016-2021
2.2 Sales Market of Aero-Engine by Regions
2.2.1 Sales Volume of Aero-Engine by Regions
2.2.2 Sales Value of Aero-Engine by Regions
2.3 Production Market of Aero-Engine by Regions
2.4 Global Market Forecast of Aero-Engine 2022-2026
2.4.1 Global Market Forecast of Aero-Engine 2022-2026
2.4.2 Market Forecast of Aero-Engine by Regions 2022-2026
CHAPTER 3 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY TYPES
3.1 Sales Volume of Aero-Engine by Types
3.2 Sales Value of Aero-Engine by Types
3.3 Market Forecast of Aero-Engine by Types
CHAPTER 4 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
4.1 Global Sales Volume of Aero-Engine by Downstream Industry
4.2 Global Market Forecast of Aero-Engine by Downstream Industry
CHAPTER 5 NORTH AMERICA MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
5.1 North America Aero-Engine Market Status by Countries
5.1.1 North America Aero-Engine Sales by Countries (2016-2021)
5.1.2 North America Aero-Engine Revenue by Countries (2016-2021)
5.1.3 United States Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
5.1.4 Canada Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
5.1.5 Mexico Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
5.2 North America Aero-Engine Market Status by Manufacturers
5.3 North America Aero-Engine Market Status by Type (2016-2021)
5.3.1 North America Aero-Engine Sales by Type (2016-2021)
5.3.2 North America Aero-Engine Revenue by Type (2016-2021)
5.4 North America Aero-Engine Market Status by Downstream Industry (2016-2021)
CHAPTER 6 EUROPE MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
6.1 Europe Aero-Engine Market Status by Countries
6.1.1 Europe Aero-Engine Sales by Countries (2016-2021)
6.1.2 Europe Aero-Engine Revenue by Countries (2016-2021)
6.1.3 Germany Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
6.1.4 UK Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
6.1.5 France Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
6.1.6 Italy Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
6.1.7 Russia Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
6.1.8 Spain Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
6.1.9 Benelux Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
6.2 Europe Aero-Engine Market Status by Manufacturers
6.3 Europe Aero-Engine Market Status by Type (2016-2021)
6.3.1 Europe Aero-Engine Sales by Type (2016-2021)
6.3.2 Europe Aero-Engine Revenue by Type (2016-2021)
6.4 Europe Aero-Engine Market Status by Downstream Industry (2016-2021)
CHAPTER 7 ASIA PACIFIC MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
7.1 Asia Pacific Aero-Engine Market Status by Countries
7.1.1 Asia Pacific Aero-Engine Sales by Countries (2016-2021)
7.1.2 Asia Pacific Aero-Engine Revenue by Countries (2016-2021)
7.1.3 China Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
7.1.4 Japan Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
7.1.5 India Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
7.1.6 Southeast Asia Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
7.1.7 Australia Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
7.2 Asia Pacific Aero-Engine Market Status by Manufacturers
7.3 Asia Pacific Aero-Engine Market Status by Type (2016-2021)
7.3.1 Asia Pacific Aero-Engine Sales by Type (2016-2021)
7.3.2 Asia Pacific Aero-Engine Revenue by Type (2016-2021)
7.4 Asia Pacific Aero-Engine Market Status by Downstream Industry (2016-2021)
CHAPTER 8 LATIN AMERICA MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
8.1 Latin America Aero-Engine Market Status by Countries
8.1.1 Latin America Aero-Engine Sales by Countries (2016-2021)
8.1.2 Latin America Aero-Engine Revenue by Countries (2016-2021)
8.1.3 Brazil Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
8.1.4 Argentina Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
8.1.5 Colombia Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
8.2 Latin America Aero-Engine Market Status by Manufacturers
8.3 Latin America Aero-Engine Market Status by Type (2016-2021)
8.3.1 Latin America Aero-Engine Sales by Type (2016-2021)
8.3.2 Latin America Aero-Engine Revenue by Type (2016-2021)
8.4 Latin America Aero-Engine Market Status by Downstream Industry (2016-2021)
CHAPTER 9 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
9.1 Middle East and Africa Aero-Engine Market Status by Countries
9.1.1 Middle East and Africa Aero-Engine Sales by Countries (2016-2021)
9.1.2 Middle East and Africa Aero-Engine Revenue by Countries (2016-2021)
9.1.3 Middle East Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
9.1.4 Africa Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
9.2 Middle East and Africa Aero-Engine Market Status by Manufacturers
9.3 Middle East and Africa Aero-Engine Market Status by Type (2016-2021)
9.3.1 Middle East and Africa Aero-Engine Sales by Type (2016-2021)
9.3.2 Middle East and Africa Aero-Engine Revenue by Type (2016-2021)
9.4 Middle East and Africa Aero-Engine Market Status by Downstream Industry (2016-2021)
CHAPTER 10 MARKET DRIVING FACTOR ANALYSIS OF AERO-ENGINE
10.1 Global Economy Situation and Trend Overview
10.2 Aero-Engine Downstream Industry Situation and Trend Overview
CHAPTER 11 AERO-ENGINE MARKET COMPETITION STATUS BY MAJOR MANUFACTURERS
11.1 Production Volume of Aero-Engine by Major Manufacturers
11.2 Production Value of Aero-Engine by Major Manufacturers
11.3 Basic Information of Aero-Engine by Major Manufacturers
11.3.1 Headquarters Location and Established Time of Aero-Engine Major Manufacturer
11.3.2 Employees and Revenue Level of Aero-Engine Major Manufacturer
11.4 Market Competition News and Trend
11.4.1 Merger, Consolidation or Acquisition News
11.4.2 Investment or Disinvestment News
11.4.3 New Product Development and Launch
CHAPTER 12 AERO-ENGINE MAJOR MANUFACTURERS INTRODUCTION AND MARKET DATA
12.1 GE
12.1.1 Company profile
12.1.2 Representative Aero-Engine Product
12.1.3 Aero-Engine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of GE
12.2 Pratt&Whitney
12.2.1 Company profile
12.2.2 Representative Aero-Engine Product
12.2.3 Aero-Engine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Pratt&Whitney
12.3 Rolls-Royce
12.3.1 Company profile
12.3.2 Representative Aero-Engine Product
12.3.3 Aero-Engine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Rolls-Royce
12.4 Safran
12.4.1 Company profile
12.4.2 Representative Aero-Engine Product
12.4.3 Aero-Engine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Safran
CHAPTER 13 UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM MARKET ANALYSIS OF AERO-ENGINE
13.1 Industry Chain of Aero-Engine
13.2 Upstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
13.3 Downstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
CHAPTER 14 COST AND GROSS MARGIN ANALYSIS OF AERO-ENGINE
14.1 Cost Structure Analysis of Aero-Engine
14.2 Raw Materials Cost Analysis of Aero-Engine
14.3 Labor Cost Analysis of Aero-Engine
14.4 Manufacturing Expenses Analysis of Aero-Engine
CHAPTER 15 REPORT CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 16 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND REFERENCE
16.1 Methodology/Research Approach
16.1.1 Research Programs/Design
16.1.2 Market Size Estimation
16.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
16.2 Data Source
16.2.1 Secondary Sources
16.2.2 Primary Sources
16.3 Reference
1.1 Definition of Aero-Engine in This Report
1.2 Commercial Types of Aero-Engine
1.2.1 PistonEngine
1.2.2 GasTurbineEngine
1.2.3 OtherEngine
1.3 Downstream Application of Aero-Engine
1.3.1 CommercialAircrafts
1.3.2 MilitaryAircrafts
1.4 Development History of Aero-Engine
1.5 Market Status and Trend of Aero-Engine 2016-2026
1.5.1 Global Aero-Engine Market Status and Trend 2016-2026
1.5.2 Regional Aero-Engine Market Status and Trend 2016-2026
CHAPTER 2 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY REGIONS
2.1 Market Development of Aero-Engine 2016-2021
2.2 Sales Market of Aero-Engine by Regions
2.2.1 Sales Volume of Aero-Engine by Regions
2.2.2 Sales Value of Aero-Engine by Regions
2.3 Production Market of Aero-Engine by Regions
2.4 Global Market Forecast of Aero-Engine 2022-2026
2.4.1 Global Market Forecast of Aero-Engine 2022-2026
2.4.2 Market Forecast of Aero-Engine by Regions 2022-2026
CHAPTER 3 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY TYPES
3.1 Sales Volume of Aero-Engine by Types
3.2 Sales Value of Aero-Engine by Types
3.3 Market Forecast of Aero-Engine by Types
CHAPTER 4 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
4.1 Global Sales Volume of Aero-Engine by Downstream Industry
4.2 Global Market Forecast of Aero-Engine by Downstream Industry
CHAPTER 5 NORTH AMERICA MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
5.1 North America Aero-Engine Market Status by Countries
5.1.1 North America Aero-Engine Sales by Countries (2016-2021)
5.1.2 North America Aero-Engine Revenue by Countries (2016-2021)
5.1.3 United States Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
5.1.4 Canada Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
5.1.5 Mexico Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
5.2 North America Aero-Engine Market Status by Manufacturers
5.3 North America Aero-Engine Market Status by Type (2016-2021)
5.3.1 North America Aero-Engine Sales by Type (2016-2021)
5.3.2 North America Aero-Engine Revenue by Type (2016-2021)
5.4 North America Aero-Engine Market Status by Downstream Industry (2016-2021)
CHAPTER 6 EUROPE MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
6.1 Europe Aero-Engine Market Status by Countries
6.1.1 Europe Aero-Engine Sales by Countries (2016-2021)
6.1.2 Europe Aero-Engine Revenue by Countries (2016-2021)
6.1.3 Germany Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
6.1.4 UK Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
6.1.5 France Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
6.1.6 Italy Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
6.1.7 Russia Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
6.1.8 Spain Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
6.1.9 Benelux Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
6.2 Europe Aero-Engine Market Status by Manufacturers
6.3 Europe Aero-Engine Market Status by Type (2016-2021)
6.3.1 Europe Aero-Engine Sales by Type (2016-2021)
6.3.2 Europe Aero-Engine Revenue by Type (2016-2021)
6.4 Europe Aero-Engine Market Status by Downstream Industry (2016-2021)
CHAPTER 7 ASIA PACIFIC MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
7.1 Asia Pacific Aero-Engine Market Status by Countries
7.1.1 Asia Pacific Aero-Engine Sales by Countries (2016-2021)
7.1.2 Asia Pacific Aero-Engine Revenue by Countries (2016-2021)
7.1.3 China Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
7.1.4 Japan Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
7.1.5 India Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
7.1.6 Southeast Asia Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
7.1.7 Australia Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
7.2 Asia Pacific Aero-Engine Market Status by Manufacturers
7.3 Asia Pacific Aero-Engine Market Status by Type (2016-2021)
7.3.1 Asia Pacific Aero-Engine Sales by Type (2016-2021)
7.3.2 Asia Pacific Aero-Engine Revenue by Type (2016-2021)
7.4 Asia Pacific Aero-Engine Market Status by Downstream Industry (2016-2021)
CHAPTER 8 LATIN AMERICA MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
8.1 Latin America Aero-Engine Market Status by Countries
8.1.1 Latin America Aero-Engine Sales by Countries (2016-2021)
8.1.2 Latin America Aero-Engine Revenue by Countries (2016-2021)
8.1.3 Brazil Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
8.1.4 Argentina Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
8.1.5 Colombia Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
8.2 Latin America Aero-Engine Market Status by Manufacturers
8.3 Latin America Aero-Engine Market Status by Type (2016-2021)
8.3.1 Latin America Aero-Engine Sales by Type (2016-2021)
8.3.2 Latin America Aero-Engine Revenue by Type (2016-2021)
8.4 Latin America Aero-Engine Market Status by Downstream Industry (2016-2021)
CHAPTER 9 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA MARKET STATUS BY COUNTRIES, TYPE, MANUFACTURERS AND DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
9.1 Middle East and Africa Aero-Engine Market Status by Countries
9.1.1 Middle East and Africa Aero-Engine Sales by Countries (2016-2021)
9.1.2 Middle East and Africa Aero-Engine Revenue by Countries (2016-2021)
9.1.3 Middle East Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
9.1.4 Africa Aero-Engine Market Status (2016-2021)
9.2 Middle East and Africa Aero-Engine Market Status by Manufacturers
9.3 Middle East and Africa Aero-Engine Market Status by Type (2016-2021)
9.3.1 Middle East and Africa Aero-Engine Sales by Type (2016-2021)
9.3.2 Middle East and Africa Aero-Engine Revenue by Type (2016-2021)
9.4 Middle East and Africa Aero-Engine Market Status by Downstream Industry (2016-2021)
CHAPTER 10 MARKET DRIVING FACTOR ANALYSIS OF AERO-ENGINE
10.1 Global Economy Situation and Trend Overview
10.2 Aero-Engine Downstream Industry Situation and Trend Overview
CHAPTER 11 AERO-ENGINE MARKET COMPETITION STATUS BY MAJOR MANUFACTURERS
11.1 Production Volume of Aero-Engine by Major Manufacturers
11.2 Production Value of Aero-Engine by Major Manufacturers
11.3 Basic Information of Aero-Engine by Major Manufacturers
11.3.1 Headquarters Location and Established Time of Aero-Engine Major Manufacturer
11.3.2 Employees and Revenue Level of Aero-Engine Major Manufacturer
11.4 Market Competition News and Trend
11.4.1 Merger, Consolidation or Acquisition News
11.4.2 Investment or Disinvestment News
11.4.3 New Product Development and Launch
CHAPTER 12 AERO-ENGINE MAJOR MANUFACTURERS INTRODUCTION AND MARKET DATA
12.1 GE
12.1.1 Company profile
12.1.2 Representative Aero-Engine Product
12.1.3 Aero-Engine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of GE
12.2 Pratt&Whitney
12.2.1 Company profile
12.2.2 Representative Aero-Engine Product
12.2.3 Aero-Engine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Pratt&Whitney
12.3 Rolls-Royce
12.3.1 Company profile
12.3.2 Representative Aero-Engine Product
12.3.3 Aero-Engine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Rolls-Royce
12.4 Safran
12.4.1 Company profile
12.4.2 Representative Aero-Engine Product
12.4.3 Aero-Engine Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Safran
CHAPTER 13 UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM MARKET ANALYSIS OF AERO-ENGINE
13.1 Industry Chain of Aero-Engine
13.2 Upstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
13.3 Downstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
CHAPTER 14 COST AND GROSS MARGIN ANALYSIS OF AERO-ENGINE
14.1 Cost Structure Analysis of Aero-Engine
14.2 Raw Materials Cost Analysis of Aero-Engine
14.3 Labor Cost Analysis of Aero-Engine
14.4 Manufacturing Expenses Analysis of Aero-Engine
CHAPTER 15 REPORT CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 16 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND REFERENCE
16.1 Methodology/Research Approach
16.1.1 Research Programs/Design
16.1.2 Market Size Estimation
16.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
16.2 Data Source
16.2.1 Secondary Sources
16.2.2 Primary Sources
16.3 Reference
