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Sustainable Tire Materials Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented By Material (Rubber, Sustainable Carbon Black, Silica, Others), By Vehicle Type (Passenger Vehicles, Commercial Vehicles), By Region and Competition, 2019-2029F

July 2024 | 185 pages | ID: S5107D8BCFD7EN
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Global Sustainable Tire Materials Market was valued at USD 50.26 million in 2023 and is anticipated t%li%project robust growth in the forecast period with a CAGR of 4.36% through 2029. The utilization of sustainable tire materials marks a pivotal shift in tire manufacturing, offering eco-friendly alternatives sourced from renewable or recycled materials. These materials encompass bio-based rubbers, silica extracted from rice husks, and carbon black obtained from end-of-life tires, presenting a viable solution t%li%mitigate the environmental repercussions associated with conventional tire production. Heightened awareness surrounding the environmental ramifications of traditional tire manufacturing processes prompts the quest for sustainable alternatives. The heavy reliance on fossil fuels in conventional methods not only escalates CO2 emissions but als%li%depletes finite resources, necessitating a more eco-conscious approach.

The burgeoning issue of tire waste management amplifies the urgency for sustainable solutions. With an annual global output surpassing one billion end-of-life tires, effective recycling and repurposing methods are imperative. Sustainable tire materials facilitate the transformation of waste int%li%valuable resources, curbing landfill overflow and fostering a circular economy.

Also, regulatory pressures propel the shift towards sustainable practices, with governments enacting stringent environmental policies and incentivizing eco-friendly initiatives. This regulatory framework fosters an enabling environment for tire manufacturers t%li%invest in research and development of sustainable materials and technologies.

Despite the promising trajectory, the sustainable tire materials market encounters obstacles. Elevated production costs pose a challenge compared t%li%conventional materials. However, as companies ramp up investments in sustainable technologies and economies of scale are achieved, cost efficiencies are anticipated t%li%materialize. Furthermore, attaining comparable performance characteristics t%li%conventional materials presents technical hurdles. Nonetheless, ongoing research and technological advancements endeavor t%li%surmount these challenges, laying the groundwork for widespread adoption of sustainable tire materials.

The transition towards sustainable tire materials heralds a monumental stride in curtailing the environmental footprint of tire production and waste management. Bolstered by heightened awareness, regulatory support, and ongoing innovation, the industry embarks on a trajectory towards a more sustainable and circular paradigm in tire manufacturing.

Key Market Drivers

Growth in Automotive Industry

The automotive industry is in the midst of a monumental transformation, propelled by mounting pressures t%li%curb greenhouse gas emissions and the surging demand for electric vehicles (EVs) as a cleaner mode of transportation. This pivotal shift has spurred tire manufacturers t%li%pivot towards sustainable practices, catalyzing extensive research and development efforts t%li%engineer innovative and eco-friendly tires with reduced environmental footprints.

Central t%li%this sustainable tire revolution is the adoption of alternative materials that offer superior environmental credentials compared t%li%conventional tire constituents. Bio-based rubbers sourced from renewable reservoirs like plants emerge as a promising substitute for petroleum-based rubbers, harnessing nature's bounty t%li%propel tire sustainability. Likewise, silica extracted from rice husks, an abundant byproduct of rice cultivation, presents a greener alternative t%li%conventional silica sources, amplifying the eco-conscious ethos of tire manufacturing. The integration of carbon black derived from end-of-life tires int%li%new tire production exemplifies a commendable step towards a circular economy, minimizing waste generation and fostering resource efficiency.

These sustainable tire materials herald not only a reduction in the automotive industry's carbon footprint but als%li%resonate with the burgeoning consumer preference for environmentally responsible products. As consumers increasingly scrutinize the ecological ramifications of their choices, there's a discernible uptick in demand for products that seamlessly marry performance with sustainability. This burgeoning eco-awareness has precipitated a swift uptake of sustainable tire materials, compelling manufacturers t%li%channel substantial investments int%li%the development and commercialization of these groundbreaking solutions.

Moreover, the trajectory of the sustainable tire materials market is profoundly influenced by the evolving regulatory milieu. Governments worldwide are enacting stringent environmental mandates and rolling out incentives t%li%incentivize sustainable practices across industries, including automotive manufacturing. These regulatory imperatives furnish an enabling ecosystem for tire manufacturers t%li%pivot towards sustainable materials and technologies, ensuring compliance with environmental benchmarks while adeptly navigating shifting consumer preferences.

Fundamentally, the paradigmatic transition towards sustainable tire materials in the automotive sector represents a holistic response t%li%the imperatives of emission reduction, the ascendancy of EVs, and the burgeoning appetite for eco-conscious products among consumers. With tire manufacturers steadfastly committed t%li%pioneering research, innovation, and development endeavors, the future promises a kaleidoscope of opportunities for the continued advancement of sustainable tire materials. Through collective industry efforts, the automotive landscape stands poised for a greener, more sustainable trajectory, underpinning a resolute commitment t%li%environmental stewardship and a brighter future for generations t%li%come.

Surge in Technological Advancements

The burgeoning market for green tires is propelled by a confluence of factors, chiefly the ascendancy of sustainable practices in the automotive sector and remarkable technological strides in tire manufacturing. At the forefront of this transformation are 'green tires,' crafted from sustainable materials such as bio-based rubbers, silica derived from rice husks, and recovered carbon black. As the automotive industry pivots towards eco-conscious solutions, these green tires have emerged as a frontrunner, heralding a paradigm shift towards greener mobility.

The proliferation of green tires is underpinned by a slew of technological innovations that redefine tire performance and sustainability. Foremost among these is the advent of intelligent tires, imbued with sensors that monitor tire conditions in real-time, augmenting performance and safety metrics. Complementing this are eco-friendly tire designs engineered t%li%minimize rolling resistance, thereby maximizing fuel efficiency—a critical consideration amidst mounting concerns over carbon emissions and fuel consumption.

The integration of advanced tire technologies with sustainable materials constitutes a linchpin of green tire evolution, endowing these eco-friendly variants with superior performance attributes. Notably, green tires boast enhanced traction, durability, and a diminished carbon footprint, appealing t%li%environmentally conscious consumers and aligning with stringent regulatory mandates for sustainable practices.

The relentless pursuit of innovation in tire manufacturing is catalyzing breakthroughs in performance, safety, and sustainability. By harnessing cutting-edge materials and production techniques, tire manufacturers are spearheading initiatives t%li%curtail waste, optimize energy consumption, and mitigate emissions across the tire lifecycle. This holistic approach not only rebounds t%li%the benefit of the environment but als%li%augurs well for the long-term viability and profitability of the tire industry.

In sum, the ascendancy of green tires underscores a seismic shift towards sustainability in the automotive domain, fueled by the imperatives of environmental stewardship and technological innovation. As the automotive sector charts a course towards a greener future, green tires stand poised t%li%spearhead this transformative journey, embodying a harmonious fusion of performance, safety, and sustainability. Through concerted research, development, and adoption efforts, green tires are poised t%li%emerge as a linchpin of sustainable mobility, catalyzing a virtuous cycle of innovation and environmental responsibility.

Key Market Challenges

Disruptions in Supply Chain

The tire manufacturing supply chain, spanning from raw material sourcing t%li%distribution and consumption, has encountered profound disruptions with far-reaching consequences. Chief among these disruptions is the Covid-19 pandemic, which has not only reshaped the industry landscape but als%li%underscored vulnerabilities and uncertainties inherent in the business realm.

Border closures during the pandemic precipitated widespread supply chain disruptions, posing unprecedented challenges for industries worldwide, including tire manufacturing. These disruptions significantly impacted the sustainable tire materials market, leading t%li%constraints in the availability of bio-based rubbers and challenges in end-of-life tire recycling. The repercussions of supply chain disruptions directly affect tire manufacturers, potentially causing delays or stoppages in production due t%li%shortages of essential additives. This predicament compels commercial tire manufacturers t%li%navigate supply chain challenges while seeking viable solutions.

In addition, these disturbances jeopardize the integration of recycled and alternative bio-based materials in tire construction. As supply chains falter, the availability of these materials becomes uncertain, posing a substantial threat t%li%the sustainable tire materials market's growth trajectory. Disruptions in the tire manufacturing supply chain, exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic and other unforeseen events, have cascading effects across the industry. These disruptions underscore the importance of resilient supply chain management and highlight the imperative for sustainable and adaptive solutions in the face of uncertainty.

Key Market Trends

Growing Regulatory Initiatives and Standards

Environmental concerns and regulatory initiatives are pivotal in propelling the growth of the sustainable tire materials market, ushering in a transformative shift towards greener practices within the tire industry. Governments worldwide are enacting increasingly stringent environmental regulations, compelling tire manufacturers t%li%adopt sustainable materials and technologies t%li%mitigate their environmental impact.

The regulatory landscape exerts a significant influence on tire manufacturers, prompting them t%li%explore innovative and sustainable alternatives for tire production. This includes embracing bio-based rubbers, silica sourced from rice husks, and carbon black recovered from end-of-life tires as eco-friendly substitutes for conventional materials. These sustainable alternatives not only reduce reliance on fossil fuels but als%li%minimize waste and emissions throughout the tire lifecycle.

T%li%meet regulatory pressures and promote environmental sustainability, tire manufacturers are ramping up investments in tire recycling and reusing programs. Embracing the principles of a circular economy, tire manufacturers are striving t%li%recycle and reuse waste tires in their products, thereby reducing waste accumulation and conserving valuable resources. By implementing these initiatives, tire manufacturers not only fulfill regulatory requirements but als%li%demonstrate their commitment t%li%environmental stewardship and corporate social responsibility.

The growing demand for sustainable tire materials presents tire manufacturers with opportunities for innovation and competitive differentiation. By embracing sustainable practices, tire manufacturers can position themselves as industry leaders and cater t%li%the preferences of environmentally conscious consumers. Sustainable tires not only meet regulatory standards but als%li%align with consumer values, driving market demand and enhancing brand reputation.

Furthermore, the adoption of sustainable tire materials contributes t%li%broader environmental conservation efforts, promoting the preservation of ecosystems and natural resources. By reducing reliance on non-renewable resources and minimizing environmental degradation associated with tire production and disposal, sustainable tire materials play a crucial role in fostering a more sustainable future.

Environmental concerns and regulatory initiatives are driving tire manufacturers towards the adoption of sustainable tire materials and technologies. By embracing bio-based rubbers, recycled materials, and innovative production processes, tire manufacturers can mitigate their environmental impact and contribute t%li%a more sustainable and resilient tire industry. As consumer demand for eco-friendly products continues t%li%rise, tire manufacturers have a compelling incentive t%li%prioritize sustainability and seize the opportunities for growth and innovation in the sustainable tire materials market.

Segmental Insights

Material Insights

Based on the category of material, the sustainable carbon black segment emerged as the dominant segment in the global market for sustainable tire materials in 2023. Carbon black, a crucial component in tire manufacturing, has traditionally been used as a reinforcing filler t%li%enhance the durability and performance of tires. However, the conventional production of carbon black comes with significant environmental concerns, such as high carbon emissions and adverse effects on human health.

In response t%li%these pressing challenges, the tire industry is increasingly embracing sustainable carbon black, als%li%known as recovered carbon black (rCB). This innovative alternative is derived from end-of-life tires through a process called pyrolysis, which involves the decomposition of organic materials at high temperatures. By adopting this method, not only can the environmental impact be significantly reduced, but it als%li%presents a viable solution t%li%the mounting issue of tire waste.

With sustainable carbon black, tire manufacturers can address the demand for more environmentally friendly products while maintaining the desired performance characteristics. By utilizing rCB, the tire industry can contribute t%li%a circular economy, promoting resource efficiency and reducing dependency on finite resources. This shift towards sustainable practices represents a step forward in the pursuit of a greener and more sustainable future for the tire manufacturing industry.

Vehicle Type Insights

The passenger cars segment is projected t%li%experience rapid growth during the forecast period. The escalating demand for passenger cars is a prominent factor contributing t%li%their dominance in the sustainable tire materials market. As populations grow and economies strengthen, the need for personal transportation increases. This surge in demand directly impacts the need for sustainable tires, propelling growth in the market. Additionally, the increasing urbanization and expanding middle class in developing countries are fueling the demand for passenger cars, resulting in higher adoption of sustainable tire materials.

Another critical factor is the rising focus on fuel efficiency. Fuel-efficient vehicles require tires that offer low rolling resistance, which can be achieved through the use of sustainable tire materials. As consumers become more environmentally conscious and seek ways t%li%reduce their carbon footprint, the demand for these fuel-efficient tires is growing, further driving the need for sustainable tire materials in the passenger cars segment. Moreover, governments and regulatory bodies are implementing stricter emission standards, pushing automobile manufacturers t%li%prioritize fuel efficiency and sustainable practices, creating a favorable environment for sustainable tire materials t%li%thrive in the market.

Regional Insights

Asia Pacific emerged as the dominant region in the Global Sustainable Tire Materials Market in 2023, holding the largest market share in terms of value. Asia Pacific, a region known for its thriving automobile industry, boasts some of the world's largest and most renowned car manufacturers. Countries like Japan, South Korea, and India have established themselves as leaders in high vehicle production rates. As the demand for vehicles continues t%li%surge in this region, there is a corresponding increase in the need for tires, creating a significant growth opportunity in the sustainable tire materials market.

Recognizing the pressing need t%li%reduce carbon emissions and promote sustainability, governments in the Asia Pacific region have taken proactive measures by implementing stringent regulations. These policies are aimed at encouraging car manufacturers t%li%adopt more ec%li%practices, including the-friendly practices, including the use of sustainable materials in tire production. This shift towards greener alternatives not only aligns with global sustainability goals but als%li%presents a lucrative opportunity for the sustainable tire materials market t%li%flourish in this dynamic region.

Key Market Players
  • Evonik Industries AG
  • Solvay SA
  • PPG Industries, Inc.
  • LDC-KOREA CO., LTD.
  • Black Bear Carbon B.V.
  • GRP LTD.
  • SNR Reclamations Pvt. Ltd.
  • Genan Holding A/S
  • The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company
  • Bridgestone Corporation
Report Scope:

In this report, the Global Sustainable Tire Materials Market has been segmented int%li%the following categories, in addition t%li%the industry trends which have als%li%been detailed below:
  • Sustainable Tire Materials Market, By Material:
  • Rubber
  • Sustainable Carbon Black
  • Silica
  • Others
  • Sustainable Tire Materials Market, By Vehicle Type:
  • Passenger Vehicles
  • Commercial Vehicles
  • Sustainable Tire Materials Market, By Region:
  • North America
? United States

? Canada

? Mexico
  • Europe
? France

? United Kingdom

? Italy

? Germany

? Spain
  • Asia Pacific
? China

? India

? Japan

? Australia

? South Korea
  • South America
? Brazil

? Argentina

? Colombia
  • Middle East & Africa
? South Africa

? Saudi Arabia

? UAE

Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Sustainable Tire Materials Market.

Available Customizations:

Global Sustainable Tire Materials Market report with the given market data, Tech Sci Research offers customizations according t%li%a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:

Company Information
    • Detailed analysis and profiling of additional market players (up t%li%five).
1. PRODUCT OVERVIEW

1.1. Market Definition
1.2. Scope of the Market
  1.2.1. Markets Covered
  1.2.2. Years Considered for Study
  1.2.3. Key Market Segmentations

2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

2.1. Objective of the Study
2.2. Baseline Methodology
2.3. Key Industry Partners
2.4. Major Association and Secondary Sources
2.5. Forecasting Methodology
2.6. Data Triangulation & Validation
2.7. Assumptions and Limitations

3. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

3.1. Overview of the Market
3.2. Overview of Key Market Segmentations
3.3. Overview of Key Market Players
3.4. Overview of Key Regions/Countries
3.5. Overview of Market Drivers, Challenges, Trends

4. IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE TIRE MATERIALS MARKET


5. GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE TIRE MATERIALS MARKET OUTLOOK

5.1. Market Size & Forecast
  5.1.1. By Value
5.2. Market Share & Forecast
  5.2.1. By Material (Rubber, Sustainable Carbon Black, Silica, Others)
  5.2.2. By Vehicle Type (Passenger Vehicles, Commercial Vehicles)
  5.2.3. By Region
  5.2.4. By Company (2023)
5.3. Market Map

6. ASIA PACIFIC SUSTAINABLE TIRE MATERIALS MARKET OUTLOOK

6.1. Market Size & Forecast
  6.1.1. By Value
6.2. Market Share & Forecast
  6.2.1. By Material
  6.2.2. By Vehicle Type
  6.2.3. By Country
6.3. Asia Pacific: Country Analysis
  6.3.1. China Sustainable Tire Materials Market Outlook
    6.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      6.3.1.1.1. By Value
    6.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      6.3.1.2.1. By Material
      6.3.1.2.2. By Vehicle Type
  6.3.2. India Sustainable Tire Materials Market Outlook
    6.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      6.3.2.1.1. By Value
    6.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      6.3.2.2.1. By Material
      6.3.2.2.2. By Vehicle Type
  6.3.3. Australia Sustainable Tire Materials Market Outlook
    6.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      6.3.3.1.1. By Value
    6.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      6.3.3.2.1. By Material
      6.3.3.2.2. By Vehicle Type
  6.3.4. Japan Sustainable Tire Materials Market Outlook
    6.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
      6.3.4.1.1. By Value
    6.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
      6.3.4.2.1. By Material
      6.3.4.2.2. By Vehicle Type
  6.3.5. South Korea Sustainable Tire Materials Market Outlook
    6.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
      6.3.5.1.1. By Value
    6.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
      6.3.5.2.1. By Material
      6.3.5.2.2. By Vehicle Type

7. EUROPE SUSTAINABLE TIRE MATERIALS MARKET OUTLOOK

7.1. Market Size & Forecast
  7.1.1. By Value
7.2. Market Share & Forecast
  7.2.1. By Material
  7.2.2. By Vehicle Type
  7.2.3. By Country
7.3. Europe: Country Analysis
  7.3.1. France Sustainable Tire Materials Market Outlook
    7.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      7.3.1.1.1. By Value
    7.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      7.3.1.2.1. By Material
      7.3.1.2.2. By Vehicle Type
  7.3.2. Germany Sustainable Tire Materials Market Outlook
    7.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      7.3.2.1.1. By Value
    7.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      7.3.2.2.1. By Material
      7.3.2.2.2. By Vehicle Type
  7.3.3. Spain Sustainable Tire Materials Market Outlook
    7.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      7.3.3.1.1. By Value
    7.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      7.3.3.2.1. By Material
      7.3.3.2.2. By Vehicle Type
  7.3.4. Italy Sustainable Tire Materials Market Outlook
    7.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
      7.3.4.1.1. By Value
    7.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
      7.3.4.2.1. By Material
      7.3.4.2.2. By Vehicle Type
  7.3.5. United Kingdom Sustainable Tire Materials Market Outlook
    7.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
      7.3.5.1.1. By Value
    7.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
      7.3.5.2.1. By Material
      7.3.5.2.2. By Vehicle Type

8. NORTH AMERICA SUSTAINABLE TIRE MATERIALS MARKET OUTLOOK

8.1. Market Size & Forecast
  8.1.1. By Value
8.2. Market Share & Forecast
  8.2.1. By Material
  8.2.2. By Vehicle Type
  8.2.3. By Country
8.3. North America: Country Analysis
  8.3.1. United States Sustainable Tire Materials Market Outlook
    8.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      8.3.1.1.1. By Value
    8.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      8.3.1.2.1. By Material
      8.3.1.2.2. By Vehicle Type
  8.3.2. Mexico Sustainable Tire Materials Market Outlook
    8.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      8.3.2.1.1. By Value
    8.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      8.3.2.2.1. By Material
      8.3.2.2.2. By Vehicle Type
  8.3.3. Canada Sustainable Tire Materials Market Outlook
    8.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      8.3.3.1.1. By Value
    8.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      8.3.3.2.1. By Material
      8.3.3.2.2. By Vehicle Type

9. SOUTH AMERICA SUSTAINABLE TIRE MATERIALS MARKET OUTLOOK

9.1. Market Size & Forecast
  9.1.1. By Value
9.2. Market Share & Forecast
  9.2.1. By Material
  9.2.2. By Vehicle Type
  9.2.3. By Country
9.3. South America: Country Analysis
  9.3.1. Brazil Sustainable Tire Materials Market Outlook
    9.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      9.3.1.1.1. By Value
    9.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      9.3.1.2.1. By Material
      9.3.1.2.2. By Vehicle Type
  9.3.2. Argentina Sustainable Tire Materials Market Outlook
    9.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      9.3.2.1.1. By Value
    9.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      9.3.2.2.1. By Material
      9.3.2.2.2. By Vehicle Type
  9.3.3. Colombia Sustainable Tire Materials Market Outlook
    9.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      9.3.3.1.1. By Value
    9.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      9.3.3.2.1. By Material
      9.3.3.2.2. By Vehicle Type

10. MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA SUSTAINABLE TIRE MATERIALS MARKET OUTLOOK

10.1. Market Size & Forecast
  10.1.1. By Value
10.2. Market Share & Forecast
  10.2.1. By Material
  10.2.2. By Vehicle Type
  10.2.3. By Country
10.3. MEA: Country Analysis
  10.3.1. South Africa Sustainable Tire Materials Market Outlook
    10.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      10.3.1.1.1. By Value
    10.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      10.3.1.2.1. By Material
      10.3.1.2.2. By Vehicle Type
  10.3.2. Saudi Arabia Sustainable Tire Materials Market Outlook
    10.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      10.3.2.1.1. By Value
    10.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      10.3.2.2.1. By Material
      10.3.2.2.2. By Vehicle Type
  10.3.3. UAE Sustainable Tire Materials Market Outlook
    10.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      10.3.3.1.1. By Value
    10.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      10.3.3.2.1. By Material
      10.3.3.2.2. By Vehicle Type

11. MARKET DYNAMICS

11.1. Drivers
11.2. Challenges

12. MARKET TRENDS & DEVELOPMENTS

12.1. Recent Developments
12.2. Product Launches
12.3. Mergers & Acquisitions

13. GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE TIRE MATERIALS MARKET: SWOT ANALYSIS


14. PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS

14.1. Competition in the Industry
14.2. Potential of New Entrants
14.3. Power of Suppliers
14.4. Power of Customers
14.5. Threat of Substitute Product

15. PESTLE ANALYSIS


16. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

16.1. Evonik Industries AG
  16.1.1. Business Overview
  16.1.2. Company Snapshot
  16.1.3. Products & Services
  16.1.4. Financials (As Reported)
  16.1.5. Recent Developments
16.2. Solvay SA
16.3. PPG Industries, Inc.
16.4. LDC-KOREA CO., LTD.
16.5. Black Bear Carbon B.V.
16.6. GRP LTD.
16.7. SNR Reclamations Pvt. Ltd.
16.8. Genan Holding A/S
16.9. The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company
16.10. Bridgestone Corporation

17. STRATEGIC RECOMMENDATIONS


18. ABOUT US & DISCLAIMER


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