Oil-based Metalworking Fluids-Asia Pacific Market Status and Trend Report 2013-2023
Report Summary
Oil-based Metalworking Fluids-Asia Pacific Market Status and Trend Report 2013-2023 offers a comprehensive analysis on Oil-based Metalworking Fluids industry, standing on the readers? perspective, delivering detailed market data and penetrating insights. No matter the client is industry insider, potential entrant or investor, the report will provides useful data and information. Key questions answered by this report include:
Whole Asia Pacific and Regional Market Size of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids 2013-2017, and development forecast 2018-2023
Main market players of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific, with company and product introduction, position in the Oil-based Metalworking Fluids market
Market status and development trend of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids by types and applications
Cost and profit status of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids, and marketing status
Market growth drivers and challenges
The report segments the Asia Pacific Oil-based Metalworking Fluids market as:
Asia Pacific Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Market: Regional Segment Analysis (Regional Consumption Volume, Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate 2013-2023):
China
Japan
Korea
India
Southeast Asia
Australia
Asia Pacific Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Market: Product Type Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume, Average Price, Revenue, Market Share and Trend 2013-2023):
Metal Cutting Fluids
Metal Forming Fluids
Metal Griding Fluids
Metal Treating Fluids
Asia Pacific Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Market: Application Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume and Market Share 2013-2023; Downstream Customers and Market Analysis)
Automotive
General Industry
Other
Asia Pacific Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Market: Players Segment Analysis (Company and Product introduction, Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales Volume, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin):
Basf
BP
FUCHS
ExxonMobil
Chevron
Dow
Blaser
Master Chemical
Henkel
Quaker
Houghton
PETROFER
Oemeta
Milacron
JX
CPC
Peisun
Buhmwoo Chemical
Sinopec
Francool
Amer
Talent
Boer
In a word, the report provides detailed statistics and analysis on the state of the industry; and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market.
Oil-based Metalworking Fluids-Asia Pacific Market Status and Trend Report 2013-2023 offers a comprehensive analysis on Oil-based Metalworking Fluids industry, standing on the readers? perspective, delivering detailed market data and penetrating insights. No matter the client is industry insider, potential entrant or investor, the report will provides useful data and information. Key questions answered by this report include:
Whole Asia Pacific and Regional Market Size of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids 2013-2017, and development forecast 2018-2023
Main market players of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific, with company and product introduction, position in the Oil-based Metalworking Fluids market
Market status and development trend of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids by types and applications
Cost and profit status of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids, and marketing status
Market growth drivers and challenges
The report segments the Asia Pacific Oil-based Metalworking Fluids market as:
Asia Pacific Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Market: Regional Segment Analysis (Regional Consumption Volume, Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate 2013-2023):
China
Japan
Korea
India
Southeast Asia
Australia
Asia Pacific Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Market: Product Type Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume, Average Price, Revenue, Market Share and Trend 2013-2023):
Metal Cutting Fluids
Metal Forming Fluids
Metal Griding Fluids
Metal Treating Fluids
Asia Pacific Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Market: Application Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume and Market Share 2013-2023; Downstream Customers and Market Analysis)
Automotive
General Industry
Other
Asia Pacific Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Market: Players Segment Analysis (Company and Product introduction, Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales Volume, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin):
Basf
BP
FUCHS
ExxonMobil
Chevron
Dow
Blaser
Master Chemical
Henkel
Quaker
Houghton
PETROFER
Oemeta
Milacron
JX
CPC
Peisun
Buhmwoo Chemical
Sinopec
Francool
Amer
Talent
Boer
In a word, the report provides detailed statistics and analysis on the state of the industry; and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market.
CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW OF OIL-BASED METALWORKING FLUIDS
1.1 Definition of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in This Report
1.2 Commercial Types of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids
1.2.1 Metal Cutting Fluids
1.2.2 Metal Forming Fluids
1.2.3 Metal Griding Fluids
1.2.4 Metal Treating Fluids
1.3 Downstream Application of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids
1.3.1 Automotive
1.3.2 General Industry
1.3.3 Other
1.4 Development History of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids
1.5 Market Status and Trend of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids 2013-2023
1.5.1 Asia Pacific Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
1.5.2 Regional Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
CHAPTER 2 ASIA PACIFIC MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY REGIONS
2.1 Market Status of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific 2013-2017
2.2 Consumption Market of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Regions
2.2.1 Consumption Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Regions
2.2.2 Revenue of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Regions
2.3 Market Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Regions
2.3.1 Market Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in China 2013-2017
2.3.2 Market Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Japan 2013-2017
2.3.3 Market Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Korea 2013-2017
2.3.4 Market Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in India 2013-2017
2.3.5 Market Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Southeast Asia 2013-2017
2.3.6 Market Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Australia 2013-2017
2.4 Market Development Forecast of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific 2018-2023
2.4.1 Market Development Forecast of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific 2018-2023
2.4.2 Market Development Forecast of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids by Regions 2018-2023
CHAPTER 3 ASIA PACIFIC MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY TYPES
3.1 Whole Asia Pacific Market Status by Types
3.1.1 Consumption Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Types
3.1.2 Revenue of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Types
3.2 Asia Pacific Market Status by Types in Major Countries
3.2.1 Market Status by Types in China
3.2.2 Market Status by Types in Japan
3.2.3 Market Status by Types in Korea
3.2.4 Market Status by Types in India
3.2.5 Market Status by Types in Southeast Asia
3.2.6 Market Status by Types in Australia
3.3 Market Forecast of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Types
CHAPTER 4 ASIA PACIFIC MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
4.1 Demand Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Downstream Industry
4.2 Demand Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids by Downstream Industry in Major Countries
4.2.1 Demand Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids by Downstream Industry in China
4.2.2 Demand Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids by Downstream Industry in Japan
4.2.3 Demand Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids by Downstream Industry in Korea
4.2.4 Demand Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids by Downstream Industry in India
4.2.5 Demand Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids by Downstream Industry in Southeast Asia
4.2.6 Demand Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids by Downstream Industry in Australia
4.3 Market Forecast of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Downstream Industry
CHAPTER 5 MARKET DRIVING FACTOR ANALYSIS OF OIL-BASED METALWORKING FLUIDS
5.1 Asia Pacific Economy Situation and Trend Overview
5.2 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Downstream Industry Situation and Trend Overview
CHAPTER 6 OIL-BASED METALWORKING FLUIDS MARKET COMPETITION STATUS BY MAJOR PLAYERS IN ASIA PACIFIC
6.1 Sales Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Major Players
6.2 Revenue of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Major Players
6.3 Basic Information of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids by Major Players
6.3.1 Headquarters Location and Established Time of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Major Players
6.3.2 Employees and Revenue Level of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Major Players
6.4 Market Competition News and Trend
6.4.1 Merger, Consolidation or Acquisition News
6.4.2 Investment or Disinvestment News
6.4.3 New Product Development and Launch
CHAPTER 7 OIL-BASED METALWORKING FLUIDS MAJOR MANUFACTURERS INTRODUCTION AND MARKET DATA
7.1 Basf
7.1.1 Company profile
7.1.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.1.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Basf
7.2 BP
7.2.1 Company profile
7.2.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.2.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of BP
7.3 FUCHS
7.3.1 Company profile
7.3.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.3.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of FUCHS
7.4 ExxonMobil
7.4.1 Company profile
7.4.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.4.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of ExxonMobil
7.5 Chevron
7.5.1 Company profile
7.5.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.5.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Chevron
7.6 Dow
7.6.1 Company profile
7.6.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.6.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Dow
7.7 Blaser
7.7.1 Company profile
7.7.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.7.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Blaser
7.8 Master Chemical
7.8.1 Company profile
7.8.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.8.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Master Chemical
7.9 Henkel
7.9.1 Company profile
7.9.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.9.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Henkel
7.10 Quaker
7.10.1 Company profile
7.10.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.10.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Quaker
7.11 Houghton
7.11.1 Company profile
7.11.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.11.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Houghton
7.12 PETROFER
7.12.1 Company profile
7.12.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.12.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of PETROFER
7.13 Oemeta
7.13.1 Company profile
7.13.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.13.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Oemeta
7.14 Milacron
7.14.1 Company profile
7.14.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.14.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Milacron
7.15 JX
7.15.1 Company profile
7.15.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.15.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of JX
7.16 CPC
7.17 Peisun
7.18 Buhmwoo Chemical
7.19 Sinopec
7.20 Francool
7.21 Amer
7.22 Talent
7.23 Boer
CHAPTER 8 UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM MARKET ANALYSIS OF OIL-BASED METALWORKING FLUIDS
8.1 Industry Chain of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids
8.2 Upstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
8.3 Downstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
CHAPTER 9 COST AND GROSS MARGIN ANALYSIS OF OIL-BASED METALWORKING FLUIDS
9.1 Cost Structure Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids
9.2 Raw Materials Cost Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids
9.3 Labor Cost Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids
9.4 Manufacturing Expenses Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids
CHAPTER 10 MARKETING STATUS ANALYSIS OF OIL-BASED METALWORKING FLUIDS
10.1 Marketing Channel
10.1.1 Direct Marketing
10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
10.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
10.2 Market Positioning
10.2.1 Pricing Strategy
10.2.2 Brand Strategy
10.2.3 Target Client
10.3 Distributors/Traders List
CHAPTER 11 REPORT CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 12 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND REFERENCE
12.1 Methodology/Research Approach
12.1.1 Research Programs/Design
12.1.2 Market Size Estimation
12.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
12.2 Data Source
12.2.1 Secondary Sources
12.2.2 Primary Sources
12.3 Reference
1.1 Definition of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in This Report
1.2 Commercial Types of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids
1.2.1 Metal Cutting Fluids
1.2.2 Metal Forming Fluids
1.2.3 Metal Griding Fluids
1.2.4 Metal Treating Fluids
1.3 Downstream Application of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids
1.3.1 Automotive
1.3.2 General Industry
1.3.3 Other
1.4 Development History of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids
1.5 Market Status and Trend of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids 2013-2023
1.5.1 Asia Pacific Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
1.5.2 Regional Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
CHAPTER 2 ASIA PACIFIC MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY REGIONS
2.1 Market Status of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific 2013-2017
2.2 Consumption Market of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Regions
2.2.1 Consumption Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Regions
2.2.2 Revenue of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Regions
2.3 Market Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Regions
2.3.1 Market Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in China 2013-2017
2.3.2 Market Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Japan 2013-2017
2.3.3 Market Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Korea 2013-2017
2.3.4 Market Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in India 2013-2017
2.3.5 Market Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Southeast Asia 2013-2017
2.3.6 Market Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Australia 2013-2017
2.4 Market Development Forecast of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific 2018-2023
2.4.1 Market Development Forecast of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific 2018-2023
2.4.2 Market Development Forecast of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids by Regions 2018-2023
CHAPTER 3 ASIA PACIFIC MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY TYPES
3.1 Whole Asia Pacific Market Status by Types
3.1.1 Consumption Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Types
3.1.2 Revenue of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Types
3.2 Asia Pacific Market Status by Types in Major Countries
3.2.1 Market Status by Types in China
3.2.2 Market Status by Types in Japan
3.2.3 Market Status by Types in Korea
3.2.4 Market Status by Types in India
3.2.5 Market Status by Types in Southeast Asia
3.2.6 Market Status by Types in Australia
3.3 Market Forecast of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Types
CHAPTER 4 ASIA PACIFIC MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
4.1 Demand Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Downstream Industry
4.2 Demand Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids by Downstream Industry in Major Countries
4.2.1 Demand Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids by Downstream Industry in China
4.2.2 Demand Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids by Downstream Industry in Japan
4.2.3 Demand Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids by Downstream Industry in Korea
4.2.4 Demand Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids by Downstream Industry in India
4.2.5 Demand Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids by Downstream Industry in Southeast Asia
4.2.6 Demand Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids by Downstream Industry in Australia
4.3 Market Forecast of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Downstream Industry
CHAPTER 5 MARKET DRIVING FACTOR ANALYSIS OF OIL-BASED METALWORKING FLUIDS
5.1 Asia Pacific Economy Situation and Trend Overview
5.2 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Downstream Industry Situation and Trend Overview
CHAPTER 6 OIL-BASED METALWORKING FLUIDS MARKET COMPETITION STATUS BY MAJOR PLAYERS IN ASIA PACIFIC
6.1 Sales Volume of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Major Players
6.2 Revenue of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids in Asia Pacific by Major Players
6.3 Basic Information of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids by Major Players
6.3.1 Headquarters Location and Established Time of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Major Players
6.3.2 Employees and Revenue Level of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Major Players
6.4 Market Competition News and Trend
6.4.1 Merger, Consolidation or Acquisition News
6.4.2 Investment or Disinvestment News
6.4.3 New Product Development and Launch
CHAPTER 7 OIL-BASED METALWORKING FLUIDS MAJOR MANUFACTURERS INTRODUCTION AND MARKET DATA
7.1 Basf
7.1.1 Company profile
7.1.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.1.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Basf
7.2 BP
7.2.1 Company profile
7.2.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.2.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of BP
7.3 FUCHS
7.3.1 Company profile
7.3.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.3.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of FUCHS
7.4 ExxonMobil
7.4.1 Company profile
7.4.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.4.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of ExxonMobil
7.5 Chevron
7.5.1 Company profile
7.5.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.5.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Chevron
7.6 Dow
7.6.1 Company profile
7.6.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.6.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Dow
7.7 Blaser
7.7.1 Company profile
7.7.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.7.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Blaser
7.8 Master Chemical
7.8.1 Company profile
7.8.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.8.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Master Chemical
7.9 Henkel
7.9.1 Company profile
7.9.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.9.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Henkel
7.10 Quaker
7.10.1 Company profile
7.10.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.10.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Quaker
7.11 Houghton
7.11.1 Company profile
7.11.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.11.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Houghton
7.12 PETROFER
7.12.1 Company profile
7.12.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.12.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of PETROFER
7.13 Oemeta
7.13.1 Company profile
7.13.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.13.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Oemeta
7.14 Milacron
7.14.1 Company profile
7.14.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.14.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Milacron
7.15 JX
7.15.1 Company profile
7.15.2 Representative Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Product
7.15.3 Oil-based Metalworking Fluids Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of JX
7.16 CPC
7.17 Peisun
7.18 Buhmwoo Chemical
7.19 Sinopec
7.20 Francool
7.21 Amer
7.22 Talent
7.23 Boer
CHAPTER 8 UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM MARKET ANALYSIS OF OIL-BASED METALWORKING FLUIDS
8.1 Industry Chain of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids
8.2 Upstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
8.3 Downstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
CHAPTER 9 COST AND GROSS MARGIN ANALYSIS OF OIL-BASED METALWORKING FLUIDS
9.1 Cost Structure Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids
9.2 Raw Materials Cost Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids
9.3 Labor Cost Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids
9.4 Manufacturing Expenses Analysis of Oil-based Metalworking Fluids
CHAPTER 10 MARKETING STATUS ANALYSIS OF OIL-BASED METALWORKING FLUIDS
10.1 Marketing Channel
10.1.1 Direct Marketing
10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
10.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
10.2 Market Positioning
10.2.1 Pricing Strategy
10.2.2 Brand Strategy
10.2.3 Target Client
10.3 Distributors/Traders List
CHAPTER 11 REPORT CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 12 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND REFERENCE
12.1 Methodology/Research Approach
12.1.1 Research Programs/Design
12.1.2 Market Size Estimation
12.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
12.2 Data Source
12.2.1 Secondary Sources
12.2.2 Primary Sources
12.3 Reference