Global and Chinese Thermal Extractor Industry, 2017 Market Research Report
The 'Global and Chinese Thermal Extractor Industry, 2012-2022 Market Research Report' is a professional and in-depth study on the current state of the global Thermal Extractor industry with a focus on the Chinese market.
The report provides key statistics on the market status of the Thermal Extractor manufacturers and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the industry. Firstly, the report provides a basic overview of the industry including its definition, applications and manufacturing technology. Then, the report explores the international and Chinese major industry players in detail.
In this part, the report presents the company profile, product specifications, capacity, production value, and 2012-2017 market shares for each company. Through the statistical analysis, the report depicts the global and Chinese total market of Thermal Extractor industry including capacity, production, production value, cost/profit, supply/demand and Chinese import/export. The total market is further divided by company, by country, and by application/type for the competitive landscape analysis. The report then estimates 2017-2022 market development trends of Thermal Extractor industry. Analysis of upstream raw materials, downstream demand, and current market dynamics is also carried out.
In the end, the report makes some important proposals for a new project of Thermal Extractor Industry before evaluating its feasibility. Overall, the report provides an in-depth insight of 2012-2022 global and Chinese Thermal Extractor industry covering all important parameters.
The report provides key statistics on the market status of the Thermal Extractor manufacturers and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the industry. Firstly, the report provides a basic overview of the industry including its definition, applications and manufacturing technology. Then, the report explores the international and Chinese major industry players in detail.
In this part, the report presents the company profile, product specifications, capacity, production value, and 2012-2017 market shares for each company. Through the statistical analysis, the report depicts the global and Chinese total market of Thermal Extractor industry including capacity, production, production value, cost/profit, supply/demand and Chinese import/export. The total market is further divided by company, by country, and by application/type for the competitive landscape analysis. The report then estimates 2017-2022 market development trends of Thermal Extractor industry. Analysis of upstream raw materials, downstream demand, and current market dynamics is also carried out.
In the end, the report makes some important proposals for a new project of Thermal Extractor Industry before evaluating its feasibility. Overall, the report provides an in-depth insight of 2012-2022 global and Chinese Thermal Extractor industry covering all important parameters.
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION OF THERMAL EXTRACTOR INDUSTRY
1.1 Brief Introduction of Thermal Extractor
1.2 Development of Thermal Extractor Industry
1.3 Status of Thermal Extractor Industry
CHAPTER TWO MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY OF THERMAL EXTRACTOR
2.1 Development of Thermal Extractor Manufacturing Technology
2.2 Analysis of Thermal Extractor Manufacturing Technology
2.3 Trends of Thermal Extractor Manufacturing Technology
CHAPTER THREE ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL KEY MANUFACTURERS
3.1
3.1.1 Company Profile
3.1.2 Product Information
3.1.3 2012-2017 Production Information
3.1.4 Contact Information
3.2
3.2.1 Company Profile
3.2.2 Product Information
3.2.3 2012-2017 Production Information
3.2.4 Contact Information
3.3
3.2.1 Company Profile
3.3.2 Product Information
3.3.3 2012-2017 Production Information
3.3.4 Contact Information
3.4
3.4.1 Company Profile
3.4.2 Product Information
3.4.3 2012-2017 Production Information
3.4.4 Contact Information
3.5
3.5.1 Company Profile
3.5.2 Product Information
3.5.3 2012-2017 Production Information
3.5.4 Contact Information
3.6
3.6.1 Company Profile
3.6.2 Product Information
3.5.3 2012-2017 Production Information
3.6.4 Contact Information
3.7
3.7.1 Company Profile
3.7.2 Product Information
3.7.3 2012-2017 Production Information
3.7.4 Contact Information
3.8
3.8.1 Company Profile
3.8.2 Product Information
3.8.3 2012-2017 Production Information
3.8.4 Contact Information
CHAPTER FOUR 2012-2017 GLOBAL AND CHINESE MARKET OF THERMAL EXTRACTOR
4.1 2012-2017 Global Capacity, Production and Production Value of Thermal Extractor Industry
4.2 2012-2017 Global Cost and Profit of Thermal Extractor Industry
4.3 Market Comparison of Global and Chinese Thermal Extractor Industry
4.4 2012-2017 Global and Chinese Supply and Consumption of Thermal Extractor
4.5 2012-2017 Chinese Import and Export of Thermal Extractor
CHAPTER FIVE MARKET STATUS OF THERMAL EXTRACTOR INDUSTRY
5.1 Market Competition of Thermal Extractor Industry by Company
5.2 Market Competition of Thermal Extractor Industry by Country (USA, EU, Japan, Chinese etc.)
5.3 Market Analysis of Thermal Extractor Consumption by Application/Type
CHAPTER SIX 2017-2022 MARKET FORECAST OF GLOBAL AND CHINESE THERMAL EXTRACTOR INDUSTRY
6.1 2017-2022 Global and Chinese Capacity, Production, and Production Value of Thermal Extractor
6.2 2017-2022 Thermal Extractor Industry Cost and Profit Estimation
6.3 2017-2022 Global and Chinese Market Share of Thermal Extractor
6.4 2017-2022 Global and Chinese Supply and Consumption of Thermal Extractor
6.5 2017-2022 Chinese Import and Export of Thermal Extractor
CHAPTER SEVEN ANALYSIS OF THERMAL EXTRACTOR INDUSTRY CHAIN
7.1 Industry Chain Structure
7.2 Upstream Raw Materials
7.3 Downstream Industry
CHAPTER EIGHT GLOBAL AND CHINESE ECONOMIC IMPACT ON THERMAL EXTRACTOR INDUSTRY
8.1 Global and Chinese Macroeconomic Environment Analysis
8.1.1 Global Macroeconomic Analysis
8.1.2 Chinese Macroeconomic Analysis
8.2 Global and Chinese Macroeconomic Environment Development Trend
8.2.1 Global Macroeconomic Outlook
8.2.2 Chinese Macroeconomic Outlook
8.3 Effects to Thermal Extractor Industry
CHAPTER NINE MARKET DYNAMICS OF THERMAL EXTRACTOR INDUSTRY
9.1 Thermal Extractor Industry News
9.2 Thermal Extractor Industry Development Challenges
9.3 Thermal Extractor Industry Development Opportunities
CHAPTER TEN PROPOSALS FOR NEW PROJECT
10.1 Market Entry Strategies
10.2 Countermeasures of Economic Impact
10.3 Marketing Channels
10.4 Feasibility Studies of New Project Investment
CHAPTER ELEVEN RESEARCH CONCLUSIONS OF GLOBAL AND CHINESE THERMAL EXTRACTOR INDUSTRY
1.1 Brief Introduction of Thermal Extractor
1.2 Development of Thermal Extractor Industry
1.3 Status of Thermal Extractor Industry
CHAPTER TWO MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY OF THERMAL EXTRACTOR
2.1 Development of Thermal Extractor Manufacturing Technology
2.2 Analysis of Thermal Extractor Manufacturing Technology
2.3 Trends of Thermal Extractor Manufacturing Technology
CHAPTER THREE ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL KEY MANUFACTURERS
3.1
3.1.1 Company Profile
3.1.2 Product Information
3.1.3 2012-2017 Production Information
3.1.4 Contact Information
3.2
3.2.1 Company Profile
3.2.2 Product Information
3.2.3 2012-2017 Production Information
3.2.4 Contact Information
3.3
3.2.1 Company Profile
3.3.2 Product Information
3.3.3 2012-2017 Production Information
3.3.4 Contact Information
3.4
3.4.1 Company Profile
3.4.2 Product Information
3.4.3 2012-2017 Production Information
3.4.4 Contact Information
3.5
3.5.1 Company Profile
3.5.2 Product Information
3.5.3 2012-2017 Production Information
3.5.4 Contact Information
3.6
3.6.1 Company Profile
3.6.2 Product Information
3.5.3 2012-2017 Production Information
3.6.4 Contact Information
3.7
3.7.1 Company Profile
3.7.2 Product Information
3.7.3 2012-2017 Production Information
3.7.4 Contact Information
3.8
3.8.1 Company Profile
3.8.2 Product Information
3.8.3 2012-2017 Production Information
3.8.4 Contact Information
CHAPTER FOUR 2012-2017 GLOBAL AND CHINESE MARKET OF THERMAL EXTRACTOR
4.1 2012-2017 Global Capacity, Production and Production Value of Thermal Extractor Industry
4.2 2012-2017 Global Cost and Profit of Thermal Extractor Industry
4.3 Market Comparison of Global and Chinese Thermal Extractor Industry
4.4 2012-2017 Global and Chinese Supply and Consumption of Thermal Extractor
4.5 2012-2017 Chinese Import and Export of Thermal Extractor
CHAPTER FIVE MARKET STATUS OF THERMAL EXTRACTOR INDUSTRY
5.1 Market Competition of Thermal Extractor Industry by Company
5.2 Market Competition of Thermal Extractor Industry by Country (USA, EU, Japan, Chinese etc.)
5.3 Market Analysis of Thermal Extractor Consumption by Application/Type
CHAPTER SIX 2017-2022 MARKET FORECAST OF GLOBAL AND CHINESE THERMAL EXTRACTOR INDUSTRY
6.1 2017-2022 Global and Chinese Capacity, Production, and Production Value of Thermal Extractor
6.2 2017-2022 Thermal Extractor Industry Cost and Profit Estimation
6.3 2017-2022 Global and Chinese Market Share of Thermal Extractor
6.4 2017-2022 Global and Chinese Supply and Consumption of Thermal Extractor
6.5 2017-2022 Chinese Import and Export of Thermal Extractor
CHAPTER SEVEN ANALYSIS OF THERMAL EXTRACTOR INDUSTRY CHAIN
7.1 Industry Chain Structure
7.2 Upstream Raw Materials
7.3 Downstream Industry
CHAPTER EIGHT GLOBAL AND CHINESE ECONOMIC IMPACT ON THERMAL EXTRACTOR INDUSTRY
8.1 Global and Chinese Macroeconomic Environment Analysis
8.1.1 Global Macroeconomic Analysis
8.1.2 Chinese Macroeconomic Analysis
8.2 Global and Chinese Macroeconomic Environment Development Trend
8.2.1 Global Macroeconomic Outlook
8.2.2 Chinese Macroeconomic Outlook
8.3 Effects to Thermal Extractor Industry
CHAPTER NINE MARKET DYNAMICS OF THERMAL EXTRACTOR INDUSTRY
9.1 Thermal Extractor Industry News
9.2 Thermal Extractor Industry Development Challenges
9.3 Thermal Extractor Industry Development Opportunities
CHAPTER TEN PROPOSALS FOR NEW PROJECT
10.1 Market Entry Strategies
10.2 Countermeasures of Economic Impact
10.3 Marketing Channels
10.4 Feasibility Studies of New Project Investment
CHAPTER ELEVEN RESEARCH CONCLUSIONS OF GLOBAL AND CHINESE THERMAL EXTRACTOR INDUSTRY
TABLES AND FIGURES
Figure Thermal Extractor Product Picture
Table Development of Thermal Extractor Manufacturing Technology
Figure Manufacturing Process of Thermal Extractor
Table Trends of Thermal Extractor Manufacturing Technology
Figure Thermal Extractor Product and Specifications
Table 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Product Capacity, Production, and Production Value etc. List
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Production Global Market Share
Figure Thermal Extractor Product and Specifications
Table 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Product Capacity, Production, and Production Value etc. List
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Production Global Market Share
Figure Thermal Extractor Product and Specifications
Table 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Product Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value List
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Production Global Market Share
Figure Thermal Extractor Product and Specifications
Table 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Product Capacity, Production, and Production Value etc. List
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Production Global Market Share
Figure Thermal Extractor Product and Specifications
Table 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Product Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value List
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Production Global Market Share
Figure Thermal Extractor Product and Specifications
Table 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Product Capacity, Production, and Production Value etc. List
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Production Global Market Share
Figure Thermal Extractor Product and Specifications
Table 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Product Capacity, Production, and Production Value etc. List
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Production Global Market Share
Figure Thermal Extractor Product and Specifications
Table 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Product Capacity, Production, and Production Value etc. List
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Production Global Market Share
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Capacity List
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Manufacturers Capacity Share List
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Manufacturers Capacity Share
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Manufacturers Production List
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Manufacturers Production Share List
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Manufacturers Production Share
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Manufacturers Production Value List
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Production Value and Growth Rate
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Manufacturers Production Value Share List
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Manufacturers Production Value Share
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Capacity Production Cost Profit and Gross Margin List
Figure 2012-2017 Chinese Share of Global Thermal Extractor Production
Table 2012-2017 Global Supply and Consumption of Thermal Extractor
Table 2012-2017 Import and Export of Thermal Extractor
Figure 2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Manufacturers Capacity Market Share
Figure 2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Manufacturers Production Market Share
Figure 2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Manufacturers Production Value Market Share
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Capacity List
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Capacity
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Capacity Share List
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Capacity Share
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Production List
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Production
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Production Share List
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Production Share
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Consumption Volume List
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Consumption Volume
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Consumption Volume Share List
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Consumption Volume Share
Figure 78 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Consumption Volume Market by Application
Table 89 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Consumption Volume Market Share List by Application
Figure 79 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Consumption Volume Market Share by Application
Table 90 2012-2017 Chinese Thermal Extractor Consumption Volume Market List by Application
Figure 80 2012-2017 Chinese Thermal Extractor Consumption Volume Market by Application
Figure 2017-2022 Global Thermal Extractor Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 Global Thermal Extractor Production Value and Growth Rate
Table 2017-2022 Global Thermal Extractor Capacity Production Cost Profit and Gross Margin List
Figure 2017-2022 Chinese Share of Global Thermal Extractor Production
Table 2017-2022 Global Supply and Consumption of Thermal Extractor
Table 2017-2022 Import and Export of Thermal Extractor
Figure Industry Chain Structure of Thermal Extractor Industry
Figure Production Cost Analysis of Thermal Extractor
Figure Downstream Analysis of Thermal Extractor
Table Growth of World output, 2012 – 2017, Annual Percentage Change
Figure Unemployment Rates in Selected Developed Countries, January 2008 – March 201560
Figure Nominal Effective Exchange Rate: Japan and Selected Emerging Economies, September 2012-March 2015
Figure 2012-2017 Chinese GDP and Growth Rates
Figure 2012-2017 Chinese CPI Changes
Figure 2012-2017 Chinese PMI Changes
Figure 2012-2017 Chinese Financial Revenue and Growth Rate
Figure 2012-2017 Chinese Total Fixed Asset Investment and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 Chinese GDP and Growth Rates
Figure 2017-2022 Chinese CPI Changes
Table Economic Effects to Thermal Extractor Industry
Table Thermal Extractor Industry Development Challenges
Table Thermal Extractor Industry Development Opportunities
Figure Map of Chinese's 33 Provinces and Administrative Regions
Table Selected Cities According to Industrial Orientation
Figure Chinese IPR Strategy
Table Brief Summary of Suggestions
Table New Thermal Extractors Project Feasibility Study
Figure Thermal Extractor Product Picture
Table Development of Thermal Extractor Manufacturing Technology
Figure Manufacturing Process of Thermal Extractor
Table Trends of Thermal Extractor Manufacturing Technology
Figure Thermal Extractor Product and Specifications
Table 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Product Capacity, Production, and Production Value etc. List
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Production Global Market Share
Figure Thermal Extractor Product and Specifications
Table 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Product Capacity, Production, and Production Value etc. List
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Production Global Market Share
Figure Thermal Extractor Product and Specifications
Table 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Product Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value List
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Production Global Market Share
Figure Thermal Extractor Product and Specifications
Table 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Product Capacity, Production, and Production Value etc. List
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Production Global Market Share
Figure Thermal Extractor Product and Specifications
Table 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Product Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value List
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Production Global Market Share
Figure Thermal Extractor Product and Specifications
Table 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Product Capacity, Production, and Production Value etc. List
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Production Global Market Share
Figure Thermal Extractor Product and Specifications
Table 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Product Capacity, Production, and Production Value etc. List
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Production Global Market Share
Figure Thermal Extractor Product and Specifications
Table 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Product Capacity, Production, and Production Value etc. List
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2012-2017 Thermal Extractor Production Global Market Share
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Capacity List
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Manufacturers Capacity Share List
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Manufacturers Capacity Share
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Manufacturers Production List
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Manufacturers Production Share List
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Manufacturers Production Share
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Manufacturers Production Value List
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Production Value and Growth Rate
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Manufacturers Production Value Share List
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Manufacturers Production Value Share
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Capacity Production Cost Profit and Gross Margin List
Figure 2012-2017 Chinese Share of Global Thermal Extractor Production
Table 2012-2017 Global Supply and Consumption of Thermal Extractor
Table 2012-2017 Import and Export of Thermal Extractor
Figure 2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Manufacturers Capacity Market Share
Figure 2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Manufacturers Production Market Share
Figure 2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Manufacturers Production Value Market Share
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Capacity List
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Capacity
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Capacity Share List
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Capacity Share
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Production List
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Production
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Production Share List
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Production Share
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Consumption Volume List
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Consumption Volume
Table 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Consumption Volume Share List
Figure 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Key Countries Consumption Volume Share
Figure 78 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Consumption Volume Market by Application
Table 89 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Consumption Volume Market Share List by Application
Figure 79 2012-2017 Global Thermal Extractor Consumption Volume Market Share by Application
Table 90 2012-2017 Chinese Thermal Extractor Consumption Volume Market List by Application
Figure 80 2012-2017 Chinese Thermal Extractor Consumption Volume Market by Application
Figure 2017-2022 Global Thermal Extractor Capacity Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 Global Thermal Extractor Production Value and Growth Rate
Table 2017-2022 Global Thermal Extractor Capacity Production Cost Profit and Gross Margin List
Figure 2017-2022 Chinese Share of Global Thermal Extractor Production
Table 2017-2022 Global Supply and Consumption of Thermal Extractor
Table 2017-2022 Import and Export of Thermal Extractor
Figure Industry Chain Structure of Thermal Extractor Industry
Figure Production Cost Analysis of Thermal Extractor
Figure Downstream Analysis of Thermal Extractor
Table Growth of World output, 2012 – 2017, Annual Percentage Change
Figure Unemployment Rates in Selected Developed Countries, January 2008 – March 201560
Figure Nominal Effective Exchange Rate: Japan and Selected Emerging Economies, September 2012-March 2015
Figure 2012-2017 Chinese GDP and Growth Rates
Figure 2012-2017 Chinese CPI Changes
Figure 2012-2017 Chinese PMI Changes
Figure 2012-2017 Chinese Financial Revenue and Growth Rate
Figure 2012-2017 Chinese Total Fixed Asset Investment and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 Chinese GDP and Growth Rates
Figure 2017-2022 Chinese CPI Changes
Table Economic Effects to Thermal Extractor Industry
Table Thermal Extractor Industry Development Challenges
Table Thermal Extractor Industry Development Opportunities
Figure Map of Chinese's 33 Provinces and Administrative Regions
Table Selected Cities According to Industrial Orientation
Figure Chinese IPR Strategy
Table Brief Summary of Suggestions
Table New Thermal Extractors Project Feasibility Study
