The Global Market for Non-Graphene 2D Materials
Due to its exceptional transport, mechanical and thermal properties, graphene has been at the forefront of nanomaterials research over the past few years. Its development has enabled researchers to explore other 2D layered materials, such as the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD), a wide variety of oxides and nitrides and clays. Several types are now commercially available from advanced materials producers.
2D materials covered in this report include:
2D materials covered in this report include:
- transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD).
- hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN).
- MXenes.
- borophene.
- phosphorene.
- graphitic carbon nitride.
- germanene.
- graphane.
- graphdiyne.
- stanene/tinene.
- tungsten diselenide.
- rhenium disulfide.
- diamene.
- silicene.
- antimonene.
- indium selenide.
- layered double hydroxides.
- Properties of 2D materials.
- Applications of 2D materials.
- Addressable markets for 2D materials.
- Production and pricing of 2D materials.
- Profiles of 19 2D materials producers and suppliers.
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 What are 2D materials?
1.2 Comparative analysis of graphene and other 2D materials
2 2D MATERIALS PRODUCTION METHODS
2.1 Top-down exfoliation
2.1.1 Mechanical exfoliation method
2.1.2 Liquid exfoliation method
2.2 Bottom-up synthesis
2.2.1 Chemical synthesis in solution
2.2.2 Chemical vapor deposition
3 TYPES OF 2D MATERIALS
3.1 Hexagonal boron-nitride (h-BN)/Bboron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs)
3.1.1 Properties
3.1.2 Applications and markets
3.1.2.1 Electronics
3.1.2.2 Fuel cells
3.1.2.3 Adsorbents
3.1.2.4 Photodetectors
3.1.2.5 Textiles
3.1.2.6 Biomedical
3.2 MXenes
3.2.1 Properties
3.2.2 Applications
3.2.2.1 Catalysts
3.2.2.2 Hydrogels
3.2.2.3 Energy storage devices
3.2.2.4 Gas Separation
3.2.2.5 Liquid Separation
3.2.2.6 Antibacterials
3.3 Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD)
3.3.1 Properties
3.3.1.1 Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2)
3.3.1.2 Tungsten ditelluride (WTe2)
3.3.2 Applications
3.3.2.1 Electronics
3.3.2.2 Optoelectronics
3.3.2.3 Biomedical
3.3.2.4 Piezoelectrics
3.3.2.5 Sensors
3.3.2.6 Filtration
3.3.2.7 Batteries and supercapacitors
3.3.2.8 Fiber lasers
3.4 Borophene
3.4.1 Properties
3.4.2 Applications
3.4.2.1 Energy storage
3.4.2.2 Hydrogen storage
3.4.2.3 Sensors
3.4.2.4 Electronics
3.5 Phosphorene/ Black phosphorus
3.5.1 Properties
3.5.2 Applications
3.5.2.1 Electronics
3.5.2.2 Field effect transistors
3.5.2.3 Thermoelectrics
3.5.2.4 Batteries
3.5.2.5 Supercapacitors
3.5.2.6 Photodetectors
3.5.2.7 Sensors
3.6 Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)
3.6.1 Properties
3.6.2 C2N
3.6.3 Applications
3.6.3.1 Electronics
3.6.3.2 Filtration membranes
3.6.3.3 Photocatalysts
3.6.3.4 Batteries
3.6.3.5 Sensors
3.7 Germanene
3.7.1 Properties
3.7.2 Applications
3.7.2.1 Electronics
3.7.2.2 Batteries
3.8 Graphdiyne
3.8.1 Properties
3.8.2 Applications
3.8.2.1 Electronics
3.8.2.2 Batteries
3.8.2.3 Separation membranes
3.8.2.4 Water filtration
3.8.2.5 Photocatalysts
3.8.2.6 Photovoltaics
3.8.2.7 Gas separation
3.9 Graphane
3.9.1 Properties
3.9.2 Applications
3.9.2.1 Electronics
3.9.2.2 Hydrogen storage
3.10 Rhenium disulfide (ReS2) and diselenide (ReSe2)
3.10.1 Properties
3.10.2 Applications
3.11 Silicene
3.11.1 Properties
3.11.2 Applications
3.11.2.1 Electronics
3.11.2.2 Thermoelectrics
3.11.2.3 Batteries
3.11.2.4 Sensors
3.11.2.5 Biomedical
3.12 Stanene/tinene
3.12.1 Properties
3.12.2 Applications
3.12.2.1 Electronics
3.13 Antimonene
3.13.1 Properties
3.13.2 Applications
3.14 Indium selenide
3.14.1 Properties
3.14.2 Applications
3.14.2.1 Electronics
3.15 Layered double hydroxides (LDH)
3.15.1 Properties
3.15.2 Applications
3.15.2.1 Adsorbents
3.15.2.2 Catalyst
3.15.2.3 Sensors
3.15.2.4 Electrodes
3.15.2.5 Flame Retardants
3.15.2.6 Biosensors
3.15.2.7 Tissue engineering
3.15.2.8 Anti-Microbials
3.15.2.9 Drug Delivery
4 2D MATERIALS PRODUCER AND SUPPLIER PROFILES
5 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
6 REFERENCES
1.1 What are 2D materials?
1.2 Comparative analysis of graphene and other 2D materials
2 2D MATERIALS PRODUCTION METHODS
2.1 Top-down exfoliation
2.1.1 Mechanical exfoliation method
2.1.2 Liquid exfoliation method
2.2 Bottom-up synthesis
2.2.1 Chemical synthesis in solution
2.2.2 Chemical vapor deposition
3 TYPES OF 2D MATERIALS
3.1 Hexagonal boron-nitride (h-BN)/Bboron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs)
3.1.1 Properties
3.1.2 Applications and markets
3.1.2.1 Electronics
3.1.2.2 Fuel cells
3.1.2.3 Adsorbents
3.1.2.4 Photodetectors
3.1.2.5 Textiles
3.1.2.6 Biomedical
3.2 MXenes
3.2.1 Properties
3.2.2 Applications
3.2.2.1 Catalysts
3.2.2.2 Hydrogels
3.2.2.3 Energy storage devices
3.2.2.4 Gas Separation
3.2.2.5 Liquid Separation
3.2.2.6 Antibacterials
3.3 Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD)
3.3.1 Properties
3.3.1.1 Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2)
3.3.1.2 Tungsten ditelluride (WTe2)
3.3.2 Applications
3.3.2.1 Electronics
3.3.2.2 Optoelectronics
3.3.2.3 Biomedical
3.3.2.4 Piezoelectrics
3.3.2.5 Sensors
3.3.2.6 Filtration
3.3.2.7 Batteries and supercapacitors
3.3.2.8 Fiber lasers
3.4 Borophene
3.4.1 Properties
3.4.2 Applications
3.4.2.1 Energy storage
3.4.2.2 Hydrogen storage
3.4.2.3 Sensors
3.4.2.4 Electronics
3.5 Phosphorene/ Black phosphorus
3.5.1 Properties
3.5.2 Applications
3.5.2.1 Electronics
3.5.2.2 Field effect transistors
3.5.2.3 Thermoelectrics
3.5.2.4 Batteries
3.5.2.5 Supercapacitors
3.5.2.6 Photodetectors
3.5.2.7 Sensors
3.6 Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)
3.6.1 Properties
3.6.2 C2N
3.6.3 Applications
3.6.3.1 Electronics
3.6.3.2 Filtration membranes
3.6.3.3 Photocatalysts
3.6.3.4 Batteries
3.6.3.5 Sensors
3.7 Germanene
3.7.1 Properties
3.7.2 Applications
3.7.2.1 Electronics
3.7.2.2 Batteries
3.8 Graphdiyne
3.8.1 Properties
3.8.2 Applications
3.8.2.1 Electronics
3.8.2.2 Batteries
3.8.2.3 Separation membranes
3.8.2.4 Water filtration
3.8.2.5 Photocatalysts
3.8.2.6 Photovoltaics
3.8.2.7 Gas separation
3.9 Graphane
3.9.1 Properties
3.9.2 Applications
3.9.2.1 Electronics
3.9.2.2 Hydrogen storage
3.10 Rhenium disulfide (ReS2) and diselenide (ReSe2)
3.10.1 Properties
3.10.2 Applications
3.11 Silicene
3.11.1 Properties
3.11.2 Applications
3.11.2.1 Electronics
3.11.2.2 Thermoelectrics
3.11.2.3 Batteries
3.11.2.4 Sensors
3.11.2.5 Biomedical
3.12 Stanene/tinene
3.12.1 Properties
3.12.2 Applications
3.12.2.1 Electronics
3.13 Antimonene
3.13.1 Properties
3.13.2 Applications
3.14 Indium selenide
3.14.1 Properties
3.14.2 Applications
3.14.2.1 Electronics
3.15 Layered double hydroxides (LDH)
3.15.1 Properties
3.15.2 Applications
3.15.2.1 Adsorbents
3.15.2.2 Catalyst
3.15.2.3 Sensors
3.15.2.4 Electrodes
3.15.2.5 Flame Retardants
3.15.2.6 Biosensors
3.15.2.7 Tissue engineering
3.15.2.8 Anti-Microbials
3.15.2.9 Drug Delivery
4 2D MATERIALS PRODUCER AND SUPPLIER PROFILES
5 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
6 REFERENCES
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. 2D materials types.
Table 2. Comparative analysis of graphene and other 2-D nanomaterials.
Table 3. Comparison of top-down exfoliation methods to produce 2D materials.
Table 4. Comparison of the bottom-up synthesis methods to produce 2D materials.
Table 5. Properties of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN).
Table 6. Electronic and mechanical properties of monolayer phosphorene, graphene and MoS2.
Table 7. Properties and applications of functionalized germanene.
Table 8. GDY-based anode materials in LIBs and SIBs
Table 9. Physical and electronic properties of Stanene.
Table 1. 2D materials types.
Table 2. Comparative analysis of graphene and other 2-D nanomaterials.
Table 3. Comparison of top-down exfoliation methods to produce 2D materials.
Table 4. Comparison of the bottom-up synthesis methods to produce 2D materials.
Table 5. Properties of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN).
Table 6. Electronic and mechanical properties of monolayer phosphorene, graphene and MoS2.
Table 7. Properties and applications of functionalized germanene.
Table 8. GDY-based anode materials in LIBs and SIBs
Table 9. Physical and electronic properties of Stanene.
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Structures of nanomaterials based on dimensions.
Figure 2. Schematic of 2-D materials.
Figure 3. Diagram of the mechanical exfoliation method.
Figure 4. Diagram of liquid exfoliation method
Figure 5. Structure of hexagonal boron nitride.
Figure 6. BN nanosheet textiles application.
Figure 7. Structure diagram of Ti3C2Tx.
Figure 8. Types and applications of 2D TMDCs.
Figure 9. Left: Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2). Right: Tungsten ditelluride (WTe2)
Figure 10. SEM image of MoS2.
Figure 11. Atomic force microscopy image of a representative MoS2 thin-film transistor.
Figure 12. Schematic of the molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) thin-film sensor with the deposited molecules that create additional charge.
Figure 13. Borophene schematic.
Figure 14. Black phosphorus structure.
Figure 15. Black Phosphorus crystal.
Figure 16. Bottom gated flexible few-layer phosphorene transistors with the hydrophobic dielectric encapsulation.
Figure 17: Graphitic carbon nitride.
Figure 18. Structural difference between graphene and C2N-h2D crystal: (a) graphene; (b) C2N-h2D crystal. Credit: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology.
Figure 19. Schematic of germanene.
Figure 20. Graphdiyne structure.
Figure 21. Schematic of Graphane crystal.
Figure 22. Schematic of a monolayer of rhenium disulfide.
Figure 23. Silicene structure.
Figure 24. Monolayer silicene on a silver (111) substrate.
Figure 25. Silicene transistor.
Figure 26. Crystal structure for stanene.
Figure 27. Atomic structure model for the 2D stanene on Bi2Te3(111).
Figure 28. Schematic of Indium Selenide (InSe).
Figure 29. Application of Li-Al LDH as CO2 sensor.
Figure 30. Graphene-based membrane dehumidification test cell.
Figure 1. Structures of nanomaterials based on dimensions.
Figure 2. Schematic of 2-D materials.
Figure 3. Diagram of the mechanical exfoliation method.
Figure 4. Diagram of liquid exfoliation method
Figure 5. Structure of hexagonal boron nitride.
Figure 6. BN nanosheet textiles application.
Figure 7. Structure diagram of Ti3C2Tx.
Figure 8. Types and applications of 2D TMDCs.
Figure 9. Left: Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2). Right: Tungsten ditelluride (WTe2)
Figure 10. SEM image of MoS2.
Figure 11. Atomic force microscopy image of a representative MoS2 thin-film transistor.
Figure 12. Schematic of the molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) thin-film sensor with the deposited molecules that create additional charge.
Figure 13. Borophene schematic.
Figure 14. Black phosphorus structure.
Figure 15. Black Phosphorus crystal.
Figure 16. Bottom gated flexible few-layer phosphorene transistors with the hydrophobic dielectric encapsulation.
Figure 17: Graphitic carbon nitride.
Figure 18. Structural difference between graphene and C2N-h2D crystal: (a) graphene; (b) C2N-h2D crystal. Credit: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology.
Figure 19. Schematic of germanene.
Figure 20. Graphdiyne structure.
Figure 21. Schematic of Graphane crystal.
Figure 22. Schematic of a monolayer of rhenium disulfide.
Figure 23. Silicene structure.
Figure 24. Monolayer silicene on a silver (111) substrate.
Figure 25. Silicene transistor.
Figure 26. Crystal structure for stanene.
Figure 27. Atomic structure model for the 2D stanene on Bi2Te3(111).
Figure 28. Schematic of Indium Selenide (InSe).
Figure 29. Application of Li-Al LDH as CO2 sensor.
Figure 30. Graphene-based membrane dehumidification test cell.
