Global Maleic Anhydride Market Research Report 2020-2024
Maleic anhydride is an organic compound with the formula C?H?O. It is the acid anhydride of maleic acid. It is a colorless or white solid with an acrid odor. In the context of China-US trade war and COVID-19 epidemic, it will have a big influence on this market. Maleic Anhydride Report by Material, Application, and Geography – Global Forecast to 2023 is a professional and comprehensive research report on the world’s major regional market conditions, focusing on the main regions (North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific) and the main countries (United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Japan, South Korea and China).
In this report, the global Maleic Anhydride market is valued at USD XX million in 2020 and is projected to reach USD XX million by the end of 2024, growing at a CAGR of XX% during the period 2020 to 2024.
The report firstly introduced the Maleic Anhydride basics: definitions, classifications, applications and market overview; product specifications; manufacturing processes; cost structures, raw materials and so on. Then it analyzed the world’s main region market conditions, including the product price, profit, capacity, production, supply, demand and market growth rate and forecast etc. In the end, the report introduced new project SWOT analysis, investment feasibility analysis, and investment return analysis.
The major players profiled in this report include:
Thirumalai Chemicals
YONGSAN CHEMICALS
Huntsman
Ashland
Basf
LANXESS
The end users/applications and product categories analysis:
On the basis of product, this report displays the sales volume, revenue (Million USD), product price, market share and growth rate of each type, primarily split into-
Solid Maleic Anhydride
Molten Maleic Anhydride
On the basis on the end users/applications, this report focuses on the status and outlook for major applications/end users, sales volume, market share and growth rate of Maleic Anhydride for each application, including-
Chemical Industry
Food Industry
In this report, the global Maleic Anhydride market is valued at USD XX million in 2020 and is projected to reach USD XX million by the end of 2024, growing at a CAGR of XX% during the period 2020 to 2024.
The report firstly introduced the Maleic Anhydride basics: definitions, classifications, applications and market overview; product specifications; manufacturing processes; cost structures, raw materials and so on. Then it analyzed the world’s main region market conditions, including the product price, profit, capacity, production, supply, demand and market growth rate and forecast etc. In the end, the report introduced new project SWOT analysis, investment feasibility analysis, and investment return analysis.
The major players profiled in this report include:
Thirumalai Chemicals
YONGSAN CHEMICALS
Huntsman
Ashland
Basf
LANXESS
The end users/applications and product categories analysis:
On the basis of product, this report displays the sales volume, revenue (Million USD), product price, market share and growth rate of each type, primarily split into-
Solid Maleic Anhydride
Molten Maleic Anhydride
On the basis on the end users/applications, this report focuses on the status and outlook for major applications/end users, sales volume, market share and growth rate of Maleic Anhydride for each application, including-
Chemical Industry
Food Industry
PART I MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
CHAPTER ONE MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
1.1 Maleic Anhydride Definition
1.2 Maleic Anhydride Classification Analysis
1.2.1 Maleic Anhydride Main Classification Analysis
1.2.2 Maleic Anhydride Main Classification Share Analysis
1.3 Maleic Anhydride Application Analysis
1.3.1 Maleic Anhydride Main Application Analysis
1.3.2 Maleic Anhydride Main Application Share Analysis
1.4 Maleic Anhydride Industry Chain Structure Analysis
1.5 Maleic Anhydride Industry Development Overview
1.5.1 Maleic Anhydride Product History Development Overview
1.5.1 Maleic Anhydride Product Market Development Overview
1.6 Maleic Anhydride Global Market Comparison Analysis
1.6.1 Maleic Anhydride Global Import Market Analysis
1.6.2 Maleic Anhydride Global Export Market Analysis
1.6.3 Maleic Anhydride Global Main Region Market Analysis
1.6.4 Maleic Anhydride Global Market Comparison Analysis
1.6.5 Maleic Anhydride Global Market Development Trend Analysis
CHAPTER TWO MALEIC ANHYDRIDE UP AND DOWN STREAM INDUSTRY ANALYSIS
2.1 Upstream Raw Materials Analysis
2.1.1 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost
2.1.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure of Maleic Anhydride Analysis
2.2 Down Stream Market Analysis
2.2.1 Down Stream Market Analysis
2.2.2 Down Stream Demand Analysis
2.2.3 Down Stream Market Trend Analysis
PART II ASIA MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY (THE REPORT COMPANY INCLUDING THE BELOW LISTED BUT NOT ALL)
CHAPTER THREE ASIA MALEIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET ANALYSIS
3.1 Asia Maleic Anhydride Product Development History
3.2 Asia Maleic Anhydride Competitive Landscape Analysis
3.3 Asia Maleic Anhydride Market Development Trend
CHAPTER FOUR 2015-2020 ASIA MALEIC ANHYDRIDE PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
4.1 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Production Overview
4.2 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Production Market Share Analysis
4.3 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Demand Overview
4.4 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Supply Demand and Shortage
4.5 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Import Export Consumption
4.6 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER FIVE ASIA MALEIC ANHYDRIDE KEY MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS
5.1 Company A
5.1.1 Company Profile
5.1.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.1.3 Product Application Analysis
5.1.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.1.5 Contact Information
5.2 Company B
5.2.1 Company Profile
5.2.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.2.3 Product Application Analysis
5.2.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.2.5 Contact Information
5.3 Company C
5.3.1 Company Profile
5.3.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.3.3 Product Application Analysis
5.3.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.3.5 Contact Information
5.4 Company D
5.4.1 Company Profile
5.4.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.4.3 Product Application Analysis
5.4.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.4.5 Contact Information
CHAPTER SIX ASIA MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
6.1 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Production Overview
6.2 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Production Market Share Analysis
6.3 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Demand Overview
6.4 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Supply Demand and Shortage
6.5 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Import Export Consumption
6.6 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
PART III NORTH AMERICAN MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY (THE REPORT COMPANY INCLUDING THE BELOW LISTED BUT NOT ALL)
CHAPTER SEVEN NORTH AMERICAN MALEIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET ANALYSIS
7.1 North American Maleic Anhydride Product Development History
7.2 North American Maleic Anhydride Competitive Landscape Analysis
7.3 North American Maleic Anhydride Market Development Trend
CHAPTER EIGHT 2015-2020 NORTH AMERICAN MALEIC ANHYDRIDE PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
8.1 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Production Overview
8.2 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Production Market Share Analysis
8.3 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Demand Overview
8.4 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Supply Demand and Shortage
8.5 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Import Export Consumption
8.6 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER NINE NORTH AMERICAN MALEIC ANHYDRIDE KEY MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS
9.1 Company A
9.1.1 Company Profile
9.1.2 Product Picture and Specification
9.1.3 Product Application Analysis
9.1.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
9.1.5 Contact Information
9.2 Company B
9.2.1 Company Profile
9.2.2 Product Picture and Specification
9.2.3 Product Application Analysis
9.2.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
9.2.5 Contact Information
CHAPTER TEN NORTH AMERICAN MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
10.1 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Production Overview
10.2 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Production Market Share Analysis
10.3 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Demand Overview
10.4 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Supply Demand and Shortage
10.5 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Import Export Consumption
10.6 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
PART IV EUROPE MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY ANALYSIS (THE REPORT COMPANY INCLUDING THE BELOW LISTED BUT NOT ALL)
CHAPTER ELEVEN EUROPE MALEIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET ANALYSIS
11.1 Europe Maleic Anhydride Product Development History
11.2 Europe Maleic Anhydride Competitive Landscape Analysis
11.3 Europe Maleic Anhydride Market Development Trend
CHAPTER TWELVE 2015-2020 EUROPE MALEIC ANHYDRIDE PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
12.1 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Production Overview
12.2 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Production Market Share Analysis
12.3 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Demand Overview
12.4 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Supply Demand and Shortage
12.5 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Import Export Consumption
12.6 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER THIRTEEN EUROPE MALEIC ANHYDRIDE KEY MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS
13.1 Company A
13.1.1 Company Profile
13.1.2 Product Picture and Specification
13.1.3 Product Application Analysis
13.1.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
13.1.5 Contact Information
13.2 Company B
13.2.1 Company Profile
13.2.2 Product Picture and Specification
13.2.3 Product Application Analysis
13.2.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
13.2.5 Contact Information
CHAPTER FOURTEEN EUROPE MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
14.1 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Production Overview
14.2 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Production Market Share Analysis
14.3 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Demand Overview
14.4 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Supply Demand and Shortage
14.5 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Import Export Consumption
14.6 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
PART V MALEIC ANHYDRIDE MARKETING CHANNELS AND INVESTMENT FEASIBILITY
CHAPTER FIFTEEN MALEIC ANHYDRIDE MARKETING CHANNELS DEVELOPMENT PROPOSALS ANALYSIS
15.1 Maleic Anhydride Marketing Channels Status
15.2 Maleic Anhydride Marketing Channels Characteristic
15.3 Maleic Anhydride Marketing Channels Development Trend
15.2 New Firms Enter Market Strategy
15.3 New Project Investment Proposals
CHAPTER SIXTEEN DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
16.1 China Macroeconomic Environment Analysis
16.2 European Economic Environmental Analysis
16.3 United States Economic Environmental Analysis
16.4 Japan Economic Environmental Analysis
16.5 Global Economic Environmental Analysis
CHAPTER SEVENTEEN MALEIC ANHYDRIDE NEW PROJECT INVESTMENT FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS
17.1 Maleic Anhydride Market Analysis
17.2 Maleic Anhydride Project SWOT Analysis
17.3 Maleic Anhydride New Project Investment Feasibility Analysis
PART VI GLOBAL MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER EIGHTEEN 2015-2020 GLOBAL MALEIC ANHYDRIDE PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
18.1 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Production Overview
18.2 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Production Market Share Analysis
18.3 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Demand Overview
18.4 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Supply Demand and Shortage
18.5 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Import Export Consumption
18.6 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER NINETEEN GLOBAL MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
19.1 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Production Overview
19.2 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Production Market Share Analysis
19.3 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Demand Overview
19.4 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Supply Demand and Shortage
19.5 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Import Export Consumption
19.6 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER TWENTY GLOBAL MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY RESEARCH CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER ONE MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
1.1 Maleic Anhydride Definition
1.2 Maleic Anhydride Classification Analysis
1.2.1 Maleic Anhydride Main Classification Analysis
1.2.2 Maleic Anhydride Main Classification Share Analysis
1.3 Maleic Anhydride Application Analysis
1.3.1 Maleic Anhydride Main Application Analysis
1.3.2 Maleic Anhydride Main Application Share Analysis
1.4 Maleic Anhydride Industry Chain Structure Analysis
1.5 Maleic Anhydride Industry Development Overview
1.5.1 Maleic Anhydride Product History Development Overview
1.5.1 Maleic Anhydride Product Market Development Overview
1.6 Maleic Anhydride Global Market Comparison Analysis
1.6.1 Maleic Anhydride Global Import Market Analysis
1.6.2 Maleic Anhydride Global Export Market Analysis
1.6.3 Maleic Anhydride Global Main Region Market Analysis
1.6.4 Maleic Anhydride Global Market Comparison Analysis
1.6.5 Maleic Anhydride Global Market Development Trend Analysis
CHAPTER TWO MALEIC ANHYDRIDE UP AND DOWN STREAM INDUSTRY ANALYSIS
2.1 Upstream Raw Materials Analysis
2.1.1 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost
2.1.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure of Maleic Anhydride Analysis
2.2 Down Stream Market Analysis
2.2.1 Down Stream Market Analysis
2.2.2 Down Stream Demand Analysis
2.2.3 Down Stream Market Trend Analysis
PART II ASIA MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY (THE REPORT COMPANY INCLUDING THE BELOW LISTED BUT NOT ALL)
CHAPTER THREE ASIA MALEIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET ANALYSIS
3.1 Asia Maleic Anhydride Product Development History
3.2 Asia Maleic Anhydride Competitive Landscape Analysis
3.3 Asia Maleic Anhydride Market Development Trend
CHAPTER FOUR 2015-2020 ASIA MALEIC ANHYDRIDE PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
4.1 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Production Overview
4.2 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Production Market Share Analysis
4.3 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Demand Overview
4.4 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Supply Demand and Shortage
4.5 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Import Export Consumption
4.6 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER FIVE ASIA MALEIC ANHYDRIDE KEY MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS
5.1 Company A
5.1.1 Company Profile
5.1.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.1.3 Product Application Analysis
5.1.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.1.5 Contact Information
5.2 Company B
5.2.1 Company Profile
5.2.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.2.3 Product Application Analysis
5.2.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.2.5 Contact Information
5.3 Company C
5.3.1 Company Profile
5.3.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.3.3 Product Application Analysis
5.3.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.3.5 Contact Information
5.4 Company D
5.4.1 Company Profile
5.4.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.4.3 Product Application Analysis
5.4.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.4.5 Contact Information
CHAPTER SIX ASIA MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
6.1 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Production Overview
6.2 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Production Market Share Analysis
6.3 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Demand Overview
6.4 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Supply Demand and Shortage
6.5 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Import Export Consumption
6.6 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
PART III NORTH AMERICAN MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY (THE REPORT COMPANY INCLUDING THE BELOW LISTED BUT NOT ALL)
CHAPTER SEVEN NORTH AMERICAN MALEIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET ANALYSIS
7.1 North American Maleic Anhydride Product Development History
7.2 North American Maleic Anhydride Competitive Landscape Analysis
7.3 North American Maleic Anhydride Market Development Trend
CHAPTER EIGHT 2015-2020 NORTH AMERICAN MALEIC ANHYDRIDE PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
8.1 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Production Overview
8.2 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Production Market Share Analysis
8.3 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Demand Overview
8.4 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Supply Demand and Shortage
8.5 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Import Export Consumption
8.6 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER NINE NORTH AMERICAN MALEIC ANHYDRIDE KEY MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS
9.1 Company A
9.1.1 Company Profile
9.1.2 Product Picture and Specification
9.1.3 Product Application Analysis
9.1.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
9.1.5 Contact Information
9.2 Company B
9.2.1 Company Profile
9.2.2 Product Picture and Specification
9.2.3 Product Application Analysis
9.2.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
9.2.5 Contact Information
CHAPTER TEN NORTH AMERICAN MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
10.1 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Production Overview
10.2 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Production Market Share Analysis
10.3 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Demand Overview
10.4 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Supply Demand and Shortage
10.5 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Import Export Consumption
10.6 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
PART IV EUROPE MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY ANALYSIS (THE REPORT COMPANY INCLUDING THE BELOW LISTED BUT NOT ALL)
CHAPTER ELEVEN EUROPE MALEIC ANHYDRIDE MARKET ANALYSIS
11.1 Europe Maleic Anhydride Product Development History
11.2 Europe Maleic Anhydride Competitive Landscape Analysis
11.3 Europe Maleic Anhydride Market Development Trend
CHAPTER TWELVE 2015-2020 EUROPE MALEIC ANHYDRIDE PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
12.1 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Production Overview
12.2 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Production Market Share Analysis
12.3 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Demand Overview
12.4 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Supply Demand and Shortage
12.5 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Import Export Consumption
12.6 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER THIRTEEN EUROPE MALEIC ANHYDRIDE KEY MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS
13.1 Company A
13.1.1 Company Profile
13.1.2 Product Picture and Specification
13.1.3 Product Application Analysis
13.1.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
13.1.5 Contact Information
13.2 Company B
13.2.1 Company Profile
13.2.2 Product Picture and Specification
13.2.3 Product Application Analysis
13.2.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
13.2.5 Contact Information
CHAPTER FOURTEEN EUROPE MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
14.1 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Production Overview
14.2 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Production Market Share Analysis
14.3 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Demand Overview
14.4 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Supply Demand and Shortage
14.5 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Import Export Consumption
14.6 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
PART V MALEIC ANHYDRIDE MARKETING CHANNELS AND INVESTMENT FEASIBILITY
CHAPTER FIFTEEN MALEIC ANHYDRIDE MARKETING CHANNELS DEVELOPMENT PROPOSALS ANALYSIS
15.1 Maleic Anhydride Marketing Channels Status
15.2 Maleic Anhydride Marketing Channels Characteristic
15.3 Maleic Anhydride Marketing Channels Development Trend
15.2 New Firms Enter Market Strategy
15.3 New Project Investment Proposals
CHAPTER SIXTEEN DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
16.1 China Macroeconomic Environment Analysis
16.2 European Economic Environmental Analysis
16.3 United States Economic Environmental Analysis
16.4 Japan Economic Environmental Analysis
16.5 Global Economic Environmental Analysis
CHAPTER SEVENTEEN MALEIC ANHYDRIDE NEW PROJECT INVESTMENT FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS
17.1 Maleic Anhydride Market Analysis
17.2 Maleic Anhydride Project SWOT Analysis
17.3 Maleic Anhydride New Project Investment Feasibility Analysis
PART VI GLOBAL MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER EIGHTEEN 2015-2020 GLOBAL MALEIC ANHYDRIDE PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
18.1 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Production Overview
18.2 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Production Market Share Analysis
18.3 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Demand Overview
18.4 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Supply Demand and Shortage
18.5 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Import Export Consumption
18.6 2015-2020 Maleic Anhydride Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER NINETEEN GLOBAL MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
19.1 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Production Overview
19.2 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Production Market Share Analysis
19.3 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Demand Overview
19.4 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Supply Demand and Shortage
19.5 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Import Export Consumption
19.6 2020-2024 Maleic Anhydride Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER TWENTY GLOBAL MALEIC ANHYDRIDE INDUSTRY RESEARCH CONCLUSIONS