Global Industrial White Oil Market Research Report 2021-2025
![](/report_cover/7525/global-industrial-white-oil-market-research-report-2021-2025_9dimen_en.gif)
Industrial white oil grade white oil, is produced by hydrocracking base oil as raw material, after dewaxing depth treatment process, chemical refining and other get. In the context of China-US trade war and COVID-19 epidemic, it will have a big influence on this market. Industrial White Oil Report by Material, Application, and Geography – Global Forecast to 2025 is a professional and comprehensive research report on the world’s major regional market conditions, focusing on the main regions (North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific) and the main countries (United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Japan, South Korea and China).
In this report, the global Industrial White Oil market is valued at USD XX million in 2021 and is projected to reach USD XX million by the end of 2025, growing at a CAGR of XX% during the period 2021 to 2025.
The report firstly introduced the Industrial White Oil basics: definitions, classifications, applications and market overview; product specifications; manufacturing processes; cost structures, raw materials and so on. Then it analyzed the world’s main region market conditions, including the product price, profit, capacity, production, supply, demand and market growth rate and forecast etc. In the end, the report introduced new project SWOT analysis, investment feasibility analysis, and investment return analysis.
The major players profiled in this report include:
Kaneda
Sinopec
CNPC Fushun
Mobil
Petro-Canada
Chevron
Sonneborn
Shell
BASF
The end users/applications and product categories analysis:
On the basis of product, this report displays the sales volume, revenue (Million USD), product price, market share and growth rate of each type, primarily split into-
Industrial White Oil
Cosmetic White Oil
Medical White Oil
On the basis on the end users/applications, this report focuses on the status and outlook for major applications/end users, sales volume, market share and growth rate of Industrial White Oil for each application, including-
Spinning
Petrifaction
Chemical Fibre
In this report, the global Industrial White Oil market is valued at USD XX million in 2021 and is projected to reach USD XX million by the end of 2025, growing at a CAGR of XX% during the period 2021 to 2025.
The report firstly introduced the Industrial White Oil basics: definitions, classifications, applications and market overview; product specifications; manufacturing processes; cost structures, raw materials and so on. Then it analyzed the world’s main region market conditions, including the product price, profit, capacity, production, supply, demand and market growth rate and forecast etc. In the end, the report introduced new project SWOT analysis, investment feasibility analysis, and investment return analysis.
The major players profiled in this report include:
Kaneda
Sinopec
CNPC Fushun
Mobil
Petro-Canada
Chevron
Sonneborn
Shell
BASF
The end users/applications and product categories analysis:
On the basis of product, this report displays the sales volume, revenue (Million USD), product price, market share and growth rate of each type, primarily split into-
Industrial White Oil
Cosmetic White Oil
Medical White Oil
On the basis on the end users/applications, this report focuses on the status and outlook for major applications/end users, sales volume, market share and growth rate of Industrial White Oil for each application, including-
Spinning
Petrifaction
Chemical Fibre
PART I INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
CHAPTER ONE INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
1.1 Industrial White Oil Definition
1.2 Industrial White Oil Classification Analysis
1.2.1 Industrial White Oil Main Classification Analysis
1.2.2 Industrial White Oil Main Classification Share Analysis
1.3 Industrial White Oil Application Analysis
1.3.1 Industrial White Oil Main Application Analysis
1.3.2 Industrial White Oil Main Application Share Analysis
1.4 Industrial White Oil Industry Chain Structure Analysis
1.5 Industrial White Oil Industry Development Overview
1.5.1 Industrial White Oil Product History Development Overview
1.5.1 Industrial White Oil Product Market Development Overview
1.6 Industrial White Oil Global Market Comparison Analysis
1.6.1 Industrial White Oil Global Import Market Analysis
1.6.2 Industrial White Oil Global Export Market Analysis
1.6.3 Industrial White Oil Global Main Region Market Analysis
1.6.4 Industrial White Oil Global Market Comparison Analysis
1.6.5 Industrial White Oil Global Market Development Trend Analysis
CHAPTER TWO INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL UP AND DOWN STREAM INDUSTRY ANALYSIS
2.1 Upstream Raw Materials Analysis
2.1.1 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost
2.1.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure of Industrial White Oil Analysis
2.2 Down Stream Market Analysis
2.2.1 Down Stream Market Analysis
2.2.2 Down Stream Demand Analysis
2.2.3 Down Stream Market Trend Analysis
PART II ASIA INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY (THE REPORT COMPANY INCLUDING THE BELOW LISTED BUT NOT ALL)
CHAPTER THREE ASIA INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL MARKET ANALYSIS
3.1 Asia Industrial White Oil Product Development History
3.2 Asia Industrial White Oil Competitive Landscape Analysis
3.3 Asia Industrial White Oil Market Development Trend
CHAPTER FOUR 2016-2021 ASIA INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
4.1 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Production Overview
4.2 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Production Market Share Analysis
4.3 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Demand Overview
4.4 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Supply Demand and Shortage
4.5 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Import Export Consumption
4.6 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER FIVE ASIA INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL KEY MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS
5.1 Company A
5.1.1 Company Profile
5.1.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.1.3 Product Application Analysis
5.1.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.1.5 Contact Information
5.2 Company B
5.2.1 Company Profile
5.2.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.2.3 Product Application Analysis
5.2.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.2.5 Contact Information
5.3 Company C
5.3.1 Company Profile
5.3.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.3.3 Product Application Analysis
5.3.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.3.5 Contact Information
5.4 Company D
5.4.1 Company Profile
5.4.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.4.3 Product Application Analysis
5.4.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.4.5 Contact Information
CHAPTER SIX ASIA INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
6.1 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Production Overview
6.2 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Production Market Share Analysis
6.3 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Demand Overview
6.4 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Supply Demand and Shortage
6.5 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Import Export Consumption
6.6 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
PART III NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY (THE REPORT COMPANY INCLUDING THE BELOW LISTED BUT NOT ALL)
CHAPTER SEVEN NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL MARKET ANALYSIS
7.1 North American Industrial White Oil Product Development History
7.2 North American Industrial White Oil Competitive Landscape Analysis
7.3 North American Industrial White Oil Market Development Trend
CHAPTER EIGHT 2016-2021 NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
8.1 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Production Overview
8.2 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Production Market Share Analysis
8.3 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Demand Overview
8.4 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Supply Demand and Shortage
8.5 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Import Export Consumption
8.6 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER NINE NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL KEY MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS
9.1 Company A
9.1.1 Company Profile
9.1.2 Product Picture and Specification
9.1.3 Product Application Analysis
9.1.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
9.1.5 Contact Information
9.2 Company B
9.2.1 Company Profile
9.2.2 Product Picture and Specification
9.2.3 Product Application Analysis
9.2.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
9.2.5 Contact Information
CHAPTER TEN NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
10.1 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Production Overview
10.2 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Production Market Share Analysis
10.3 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Demand Overview
10.4 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Supply Demand and Shortage
10.5 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Import Export Consumption
10.6 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
PART IV EUROPE INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY ANALYSIS (THE REPORT COMPANY INCLUDING THE BELOW LISTED BUT NOT ALL)
CHAPTER ELEVEN EUROPE INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL MARKET ANALYSIS
11.1 Europe Industrial White Oil Product Development History
11.2 Europe Industrial White Oil Competitive Landscape Analysis
11.3 Europe Industrial White Oil Market Development Trend
CHAPTER TWELVE 2016-2021 EUROPE INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
12.1 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Production Overview
12.2 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Production Market Share Analysis
12.3 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Demand Overview
12.4 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Supply Demand and Shortage
12.5 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Import Export Consumption
12.6 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER THIRTEEN EUROPE INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL KEY MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS
13.1 Company A
13.1.1 Company Profile
13.1.2 Product Picture and Specification
13.1.3 Product Application Analysis
13.1.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
13.1.5 Contact Information
13.2 Company B
13.2.1 Company Profile
13.2.2 Product Picture and Specification
13.2.3 Product Application Analysis
13.2.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
13.2.5 Contact Information
CHAPTER FOURTEEN EUROPE INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
14.1 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Production Overview
14.2 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Production Market Share Analysis
14.3 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Demand Overview
14.4 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Supply Demand and Shortage
14.5 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Import Export Consumption
14.6 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
PART V INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL MARKETING CHANNELS AND INVESTMENT FEASIBILITY
CHAPTER FIFTEEN INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL MARKETING CHANNELS DEVELOPMENT PROPOSALS ANALYSIS
15.1 Industrial White Oil Marketing Channels Status
15.2 Industrial White Oil Marketing Channels Characteristic
15.3 Industrial White Oil Marketing Channels Development Trend
15.2 New Firms Enter Market Strategy
15.3 New Project Investment Proposals
CHAPTER SIXTEEN DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
16.1 China Macroeconomic Environment Analysis
16.2 European Economic Environmental Analysis
16.3 United States Economic Environmental Analysis
16.4 Japan Economic Environmental Analysis
16.5 Global Economic Environmental Analysis
CHAPTER SEVENTEEN INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL NEW PROJECT INVESTMENT FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS
17.1 Industrial White Oil Market Analysis
17.2 Industrial White Oil Project SWOT Analysis
17.3 Industrial White Oil New Project Investment Feasibility Analysis
PART VI GLOBAL INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER EIGHTEEN 2016-2021 GLOBAL INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
18.1 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Production Overview
18.2 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Production Market Share Analysis
18.3 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Demand Overview
18.4 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Supply Demand and Shortage
18.5 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Import Export Consumption
18.6 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER NINETEEN GLOBAL INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
19.1 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Production Overview
19.2 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Production Market Share Analysis
19.3 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Demand Overview
19.4 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Supply Demand and Shortage
19.5 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Import Export Consumption
19.6 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER TWENTY GLOBAL INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY RESEARCH CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER ONE INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
1.1 Industrial White Oil Definition
1.2 Industrial White Oil Classification Analysis
1.2.1 Industrial White Oil Main Classification Analysis
1.2.2 Industrial White Oil Main Classification Share Analysis
1.3 Industrial White Oil Application Analysis
1.3.1 Industrial White Oil Main Application Analysis
1.3.2 Industrial White Oil Main Application Share Analysis
1.4 Industrial White Oil Industry Chain Structure Analysis
1.5 Industrial White Oil Industry Development Overview
1.5.1 Industrial White Oil Product History Development Overview
1.5.1 Industrial White Oil Product Market Development Overview
1.6 Industrial White Oil Global Market Comparison Analysis
1.6.1 Industrial White Oil Global Import Market Analysis
1.6.2 Industrial White Oil Global Export Market Analysis
1.6.3 Industrial White Oil Global Main Region Market Analysis
1.6.4 Industrial White Oil Global Market Comparison Analysis
1.6.5 Industrial White Oil Global Market Development Trend Analysis
CHAPTER TWO INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL UP AND DOWN STREAM INDUSTRY ANALYSIS
2.1 Upstream Raw Materials Analysis
2.1.1 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost
2.1.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure of Industrial White Oil Analysis
2.2 Down Stream Market Analysis
2.2.1 Down Stream Market Analysis
2.2.2 Down Stream Demand Analysis
2.2.3 Down Stream Market Trend Analysis
PART II ASIA INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY (THE REPORT COMPANY INCLUDING THE BELOW LISTED BUT NOT ALL)
CHAPTER THREE ASIA INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL MARKET ANALYSIS
3.1 Asia Industrial White Oil Product Development History
3.2 Asia Industrial White Oil Competitive Landscape Analysis
3.3 Asia Industrial White Oil Market Development Trend
CHAPTER FOUR 2016-2021 ASIA INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
4.1 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Production Overview
4.2 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Production Market Share Analysis
4.3 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Demand Overview
4.4 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Supply Demand and Shortage
4.5 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Import Export Consumption
4.6 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER FIVE ASIA INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL KEY MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS
5.1 Company A
5.1.1 Company Profile
5.1.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.1.3 Product Application Analysis
5.1.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.1.5 Contact Information
5.2 Company B
5.2.1 Company Profile
5.2.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.2.3 Product Application Analysis
5.2.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.2.5 Contact Information
5.3 Company C
5.3.1 Company Profile
5.3.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.3.3 Product Application Analysis
5.3.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.3.5 Contact Information
5.4 Company D
5.4.1 Company Profile
5.4.2 Product Picture and Specification
5.4.3 Product Application Analysis
5.4.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
5.4.5 Contact Information
CHAPTER SIX ASIA INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
6.1 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Production Overview
6.2 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Production Market Share Analysis
6.3 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Demand Overview
6.4 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Supply Demand and Shortage
6.5 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Import Export Consumption
6.6 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
PART III NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY (THE REPORT COMPANY INCLUDING THE BELOW LISTED BUT NOT ALL)
CHAPTER SEVEN NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL MARKET ANALYSIS
7.1 North American Industrial White Oil Product Development History
7.2 North American Industrial White Oil Competitive Landscape Analysis
7.3 North American Industrial White Oil Market Development Trend
CHAPTER EIGHT 2016-2021 NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
8.1 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Production Overview
8.2 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Production Market Share Analysis
8.3 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Demand Overview
8.4 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Supply Demand and Shortage
8.5 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Import Export Consumption
8.6 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER NINE NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL KEY MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS
9.1 Company A
9.1.1 Company Profile
9.1.2 Product Picture and Specification
9.1.3 Product Application Analysis
9.1.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
9.1.5 Contact Information
9.2 Company B
9.2.1 Company Profile
9.2.2 Product Picture and Specification
9.2.3 Product Application Analysis
9.2.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
9.2.5 Contact Information
CHAPTER TEN NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
10.1 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Production Overview
10.2 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Production Market Share Analysis
10.3 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Demand Overview
10.4 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Supply Demand and Shortage
10.5 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Import Export Consumption
10.6 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
PART IV EUROPE INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY ANALYSIS (THE REPORT COMPANY INCLUDING THE BELOW LISTED BUT NOT ALL)
CHAPTER ELEVEN EUROPE INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL MARKET ANALYSIS
11.1 Europe Industrial White Oil Product Development History
11.2 Europe Industrial White Oil Competitive Landscape Analysis
11.3 Europe Industrial White Oil Market Development Trend
CHAPTER TWELVE 2016-2021 EUROPE INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
12.1 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Production Overview
12.2 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Production Market Share Analysis
12.3 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Demand Overview
12.4 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Supply Demand and Shortage
12.5 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Import Export Consumption
12.6 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER THIRTEEN EUROPE INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL KEY MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS
13.1 Company A
13.1.1 Company Profile
13.1.2 Product Picture and Specification
13.1.3 Product Application Analysis
13.1.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
13.1.5 Contact Information
13.2 Company B
13.2.1 Company Profile
13.2.2 Product Picture and Specification
13.2.3 Product Application Analysis
13.2.4 Capacity Production Price Cost Production Value
13.2.5 Contact Information
CHAPTER FOURTEEN EUROPE INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
14.1 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Production Overview
14.2 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Production Market Share Analysis
14.3 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Demand Overview
14.4 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Supply Demand and Shortage
14.5 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Import Export Consumption
14.6 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
PART V INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL MARKETING CHANNELS AND INVESTMENT FEASIBILITY
CHAPTER FIFTEEN INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL MARKETING CHANNELS DEVELOPMENT PROPOSALS ANALYSIS
15.1 Industrial White Oil Marketing Channels Status
15.2 Industrial White Oil Marketing Channels Characteristic
15.3 Industrial White Oil Marketing Channels Development Trend
15.2 New Firms Enter Market Strategy
15.3 New Project Investment Proposals
CHAPTER SIXTEEN DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
16.1 China Macroeconomic Environment Analysis
16.2 European Economic Environmental Analysis
16.3 United States Economic Environmental Analysis
16.4 Japan Economic Environmental Analysis
16.5 Global Economic Environmental Analysis
CHAPTER SEVENTEEN INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL NEW PROJECT INVESTMENT FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS
17.1 Industrial White Oil Market Analysis
17.2 Industrial White Oil Project SWOT Analysis
17.3 Industrial White Oil New Project Investment Feasibility Analysis
PART VI GLOBAL INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER EIGHTEEN 2016-2021 GLOBAL INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL PRODUCTIONS SUPPLY SALES DEMAND MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST
18.1 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Production Overview
18.2 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Production Market Share Analysis
18.3 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Demand Overview
18.4 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Supply Demand and Shortage
18.5 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Import Export Consumption
18.6 2016-2021 Industrial White Oil Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER NINETEEN GLOBAL INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT TREND
19.1 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Production Overview
19.2 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Production Market Share Analysis
19.3 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Demand Overview
19.4 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Supply Demand and Shortage
19.5 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Import Export Consumption
19.6 2021-2025 Industrial White Oil Cost Price Production Value Gross Margin
CHAPTER TWENTY GLOBAL INDUSTRIAL WHITE OIL INDUSTRY RESEARCH CONCLUSIONS