Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems-United States Market Status and Trend Report 2013-2023
Report Summary
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems-United States Market Status and Trend Report 2013-2023 offers a comprehensive analysis on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems industry, standing on the readers? perspective, delivering detailed market data and penetrating insights. No matter the client is industry insider, potential entrant or investor, the report will provides useful data and information. Key questions answered by this report include:
Whole United States and Regional Market Size of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems 2013-2017, and development forecast 2018-2023
Main market players of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States, with company and product introduction, position in the Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems market
Market status and development trend of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems by types and applications
Cost and profit status of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems, and marketing status
Market growth drivers and challenges
The report segments the United States Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems market as:
United States Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Market: Regional Segment Analysis (Regional Consumption Volume, Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate 2013-2023):
New England
The Middle Atlantic
The Midwest
The West
The South
Southwest
United States Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Market: Product Type Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume, Average Price, Revenue, Market Share and Trend 2013-2023):
Veno-Arterial
Veno-Venous
United States Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Market: Application Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume and Market Share 2013-2023; Downstream Customers and Market Analysis)
Neonates
Pediatric
Adult
United States Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Market: Players Segment Analysis (Company and Product introduction, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Sales Volume, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin):
Maquet Holding
Medtronic
Microport Scientific
Terumo Cardiovascular Systems
Medos Medizintechnik
Nipro Medical
Sorin Group
In a word, the report provides detailed statistics and analysis on the state of the industry; and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems-United States Market Status and Trend Report 2013-2023 offers a comprehensive analysis on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems industry, standing on the readers? perspective, delivering detailed market data and penetrating insights. No matter the client is industry insider, potential entrant or investor, the report will provides useful data and information. Key questions answered by this report include:
Whole United States and Regional Market Size of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems 2013-2017, and development forecast 2018-2023
Main market players of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States, with company and product introduction, position in the Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems market
Market status and development trend of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems by types and applications
Cost and profit status of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems, and marketing status
Market growth drivers and challenges
The report segments the United States Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems market as:
United States Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Market: Regional Segment Analysis (Regional Consumption Volume, Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate 2013-2023):
New England
The Middle Atlantic
The Midwest
The West
The South
Southwest
United States Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Market: Product Type Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume, Average Price, Revenue, Market Share and Trend 2013-2023):
Veno-Arterial
Veno-Venous
United States Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Market: Application Segment Analysis (Consumption Volume and Market Share 2013-2023; Downstream Customers and Market Analysis)
Neonates
Pediatric
Adult
United States Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Market: Players Segment Analysis (Company and Product introduction, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Sales Volume, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin):
Maquet Holding
Medtronic
Microport Scientific
Terumo Cardiovascular Systems
Medos Medizintechnik
Nipro Medical
Sorin Group
In a word, the report provides detailed statistics and analysis on the state of the industry; and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market.
CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW OF EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION (ECMO) SYSTEMS
1.1 Definition of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in This Report
1.2 Commercial Types of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems
1.2.1 Veno-Arterial
1.2.2 Veno-Venous
1.3 Downstream Application of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems
1.3.1 Neonates
1.3.2 Pediatric
1.3.3 Adult
1.4 Development History of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems
1.5 Market Status and Trend of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems 2013-2023
1.5.1 United States Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
1.5.2 Regional Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
CHAPTER 2 UNITED STATES MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY REGIONS
2.1 Market Status of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States 2013-2017
2.2 Consumption Market of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Regions
2.2.1 Consumption Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Regions
2.2.2 Revenue of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Regions
2.3 Market Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Regions
2.3.1 Market Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in New England 2013-2017
2.3.2 Market Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in The Middle Atlantic 2013-2017
2.3.3 Market Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in The Midwest 2013-2017
2.3.4 Market Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in The West 2013-2017
2.3.5 Market Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in The South 2013-2017
2.3.6 Market Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in Southwest 2013-2017
2.4 Market Development Forecast of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States 2018-2023
2.4.1 Market Development Forecast of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States 2018-2023
2.4.2 Market Development Forecast of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems by Regions 2018-2023
CHAPTER 3 UNITED STATES MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY TYPES
3.1 Whole United States Market Status by Types
3.1.1 Consumption Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Types
3.1.2 Revenue of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Types
3.2 United States Market Status by Types in Major Countries
3.2.1 Market Status by Types in New England
3.2.2 Market Status by Types in The Middle Atlantic
3.2.3 Market Status by Types in The Midwest
3.2.4 Market Status by Types in The West
3.2.5 Market Status by Types in The South
3.2.6 Market Status by Types in Southwest
3.3 Market Forecast of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Types
CHAPTER 4 UNITED STATES MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
4.1 Demand Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Downstream Industry
4.2 Demand Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems by Downstream Industry in Major Countries
4.2.1 Demand Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems by Downstream Industry in New England
4.2.2 Demand Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems by Downstream Industry in The Middle Atlantic
4.2.3 Demand Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems by Downstream Industry in The Midwest
4.2.4 Demand Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems by Downstream Industry in The West
4.2.5 Demand Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems by Downstream Industry in The South
4.2.6 Demand Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems by Downstream Industry in Southwest
4.3 Market Forecast of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Downstream Industry
CHAPTER 5 MARKET DRIVING FACTOR ANALYSIS OF EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION (ECMO) SYSTEMS
5.1 United States Economy Situation and Trend Overview
5.2 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Downstream Industry Situation and Trend Overview
CHAPTER 6 EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION (ECMO) SYSTEMS MARKET COMPETITION STATUS BY MAJOR PLAYERS IN UNITED STATES
6.1 Sales Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Major Players
6.2 Revenue of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Major Players
6.3 Basic Information of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems by Major Players
6.3.1 Headquarters Location and Established Time of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Major Players
6.3.2 Employees and Revenue Level of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Major Players
6.4 Market Competition News and Trend
6.4.1 Merger, Consolidation or Acquisition News
6.4.2 Investment or Disinvestment News
6.4.3 New Product Development and Launch
CHAPTER 7 EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION (ECMO) SYSTEMS MAJOR MANUFACTURERS INTRODUCTION AND MARKET DATA
7.1 Maquet Holding
7.1.1 Company profile
7.1.2 Representative Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Product
7.1.3 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Maquet Holding
7.2 Medtronic
7.2.1 Company profile
7.2.2 Representative Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Product
7.2.3 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Medtronic
7.3 Microport Scientific
7.3.1 Company profile
7.3.2 Representative Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Product
7.3.3 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Microport Scientific
7.4 Terumo Cardiovascular Systems
7.4.1 Company profile
7.4.2 Representative Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Product
7.4.3 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Terumo Cardiovascular Systems
7.5 Medos Medizintechnik
7.5.1 Company profile
7.5.2 Representative Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Product
7.5.3 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Medos Medizintechnik
7.6 Nipro Medical
7.6.1 Company profile
7.6.2 Representative Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Product
7.6.3 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Nipro Medical
7.7 Sorin Group
7.7.1 Company profile
7.7.2 Representative Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Product
7.7.3 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Sorin Group
CHAPTER 8 UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM MARKET ANALYSIS OF EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION (ECMO) SYSTEMS
8.1 Industry Chain of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems
8.2 Upstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
8.3 Downstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
CHAPTER 9 COST AND GROSS MARGIN ANALYSIS OF EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION (ECMO) SYSTEMS
9.1 Cost Structure Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems
9.2 Raw Materials Cost Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems
9.3 Labor Cost Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems
9.4 Manufacturing Expenses Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems
CHAPTER 10 MARKETING STATUS ANALYSIS OF EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION (ECMO) SYSTEMS
10.1 Marketing Channel
10.1.1 Direct Marketing
10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
10.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
10.2 Market Positioning
10.2.1 Pricing Strategy
10.2.2 Brand Strategy
10.2.3 Target Client
10.3 Distributors/Traders List
CHAPTER 11 REPORT CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 12 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND REFERENCE
12.1 Methodology/Research Approach
12.1.1 Research Programs/Design
12.1.2 Market Size Estimation
12.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
12.2 Data Source
12.2.1 Secondary Sources
12.2.2 Primary Sources
12.3 Reference
1.1 Definition of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in This Report
1.2 Commercial Types of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems
1.2.1 Veno-Arterial
1.2.2 Veno-Venous
1.3 Downstream Application of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems
1.3.1 Neonates
1.3.2 Pediatric
1.3.3 Adult
1.4 Development History of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems
1.5 Market Status and Trend of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems 2013-2023
1.5.1 United States Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
1.5.2 Regional Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Market Status and Trend 2013-2023
CHAPTER 2 UNITED STATES MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY REGIONS
2.1 Market Status of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States 2013-2017
2.2 Consumption Market of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Regions
2.2.1 Consumption Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Regions
2.2.2 Revenue of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Regions
2.3 Market Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Regions
2.3.1 Market Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in New England 2013-2017
2.3.2 Market Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in The Middle Atlantic 2013-2017
2.3.3 Market Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in The Midwest 2013-2017
2.3.4 Market Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in The West 2013-2017
2.3.5 Market Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in The South 2013-2017
2.3.6 Market Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in Southwest 2013-2017
2.4 Market Development Forecast of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States 2018-2023
2.4.1 Market Development Forecast of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States 2018-2023
2.4.2 Market Development Forecast of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems by Regions 2018-2023
CHAPTER 3 UNITED STATES MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY TYPES
3.1 Whole United States Market Status by Types
3.1.1 Consumption Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Types
3.1.2 Revenue of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Types
3.2 United States Market Status by Types in Major Countries
3.2.1 Market Status by Types in New England
3.2.2 Market Status by Types in The Middle Atlantic
3.2.3 Market Status by Types in The Midwest
3.2.4 Market Status by Types in The West
3.2.5 Market Status by Types in The South
3.2.6 Market Status by Types in Southwest
3.3 Market Forecast of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Types
CHAPTER 4 UNITED STATES MARKET STATUS AND FORECAST BY DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
4.1 Demand Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Downstream Industry
4.2 Demand Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems by Downstream Industry in Major Countries
4.2.1 Demand Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems by Downstream Industry in New England
4.2.2 Demand Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems by Downstream Industry in The Middle Atlantic
4.2.3 Demand Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems by Downstream Industry in The Midwest
4.2.4 Demand Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems by Downstream Industry in The West
4.2.5 Demand Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems by Downstream Industry in The South
4.2.6 Demand Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems by Downstream Industry in Southwest
4.3 Market Forecast of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Downstream Industry
CHAPTER 5 MARKET DRIVING FACTOR ANALYSIS OF EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION (ECMO) SYSTEMS
5.1 United States Economy Situation and Trend Overview
5.2 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Downstream Industry Situation and Trend Overview
CHAPTER 6 EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION (ECMO) SYSTEMS MARKET COMPETITION STATUS BY MAJOR PLAYERS IN UNITED STATES
6.1 Sales Volume of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Major Players
6.2 Revenue of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems in United States by Major Players
6.3 Basic Information of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems by Major Players
6.3.1 Headquarters Location and Established Time of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Major Players
6.3.2 Employees and Revenue Level of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Major Players
6.4 Market Competition News and Trend
6.4.1 Merger, Consolidation or Acquisition News
6.4.2 Investment or Disinvestment News
6.4.3 New Product Development and Launch
CHAPTER 7 EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION (ECMO) SYSTEMS MAJOR MANUFACTURERS INTRODUCTION AND MARKET DATA
7.1 Maquet Holding
7.1.1 Company profile
7.1.2 Representative Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Product
7.1.3 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Maquet Holding
7.2 Medtronic
7.2.1 Company profile
7.2.2 Representative Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Product
7.2.3 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Medtronic
7.3 Microport Scientific
7.3.1 Company profile
7.3.2 Representative Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Product
7.3.3 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Microport Scientific
7.4 Terumo Cardiovascular Systems
7.4.1 Company profile
7.4.2 Representative Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Product
7.4.3 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Terumo Cardiovascular Systems
7.5 Medos Medizintechnik
7.5.1 Company profile
7.5.2 Representative Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Product
7.5.3 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Medos Medizintechnik
7.6 Nipro Medical
7.6.1 Company profile
7.6.2 Representative Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Product
7.6.3 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Nipro Medical
7.7 Sorin Group
7.7.1 Company profile
7.7.2 Representative Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Product
7.7.3 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin of Sorin Group
CHAPTER 8 UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM MARKET ANALYSIS OF EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION (ECMO) SYSTEMS
8.1 Industry Chain of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems
8.2 Upstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
8.3 Downstream Market and Representative Companies Analysis
CHAPTER 9 COST AND GROSS MARGIN ANALYSIS OF EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION (ECMO) SYSTEMS
9.1 Cost Structure Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems
9.2 Raw Materials Cost Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems
9.3 Labor Cost Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems
9.4 Manufacturing Expenses Analysis of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Systems
CHAPTER 10 MARKETING STATUS ANALYSIS OF EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION (ECMO) SYSTEMS
10.1 Marketing Channel
10.1.1 Direct Marketing
10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
10.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
10.2 Market Positioning
10.2.1 Pricing Strategy
10.2.2 Brand Strategy
10.2.3 Target Client
10.3 Distributors/Traders List
CHAPTER 11 REPORT CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 12 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND REFERENCE
12.1 Methodology/Research Approach
12.1.1 Research Programs/Design
12.1.2 Market Size Estimation
12.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
12.2 Data Source
12.2.1 Secondary Sources
12.2.2 Primary Sources
12.3 Reference
