Low-End Servers: Market Research Report
This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Low-End Servers in Thousand Units. The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and Rest of World. Annual estimates and forecasts are provided for the period 2014 through 2020. Also, a seven-year historic analysis is provided for these markets. Market data and analytics are derived from primary and secondary research. Company profiles are primarily based on public domain information including company URLs. The report profiles 33 companies including many key and niche players such as -
- Acer America Corporation
- Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
- Cisco Systems, Inc.
- Dell, Inc.
- Fujitsu Limited
I. INTRODUCTION, METHODOLOGY & PRODUCT DEFINITIONS
Study Reliability and Reporting Limitations
Disclaimers
Data Interpretation & Reporting Level
Quantitative Techniques & Analytics
Product Definition and Scope of Study
II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
Low-End Servers: A Prelude
Low-End/Volume Servers, Midrange Servers and High-end Servers: A Comparative Study
The Server Industry: A Macro Perspective
Windows Predominates Server Operating System Market
Dominance of Large Server OEMs Wanes as ‘White Box’ Vendor Penetration Gains Momentum
Competitive Landscape in Low-End Server Market
x86: A Dominant Architecture for Low End-Servers
Outlook
Asia-Pacific Offers Immense Growth Opportunities for Low-End Servers
Low Cost Blade Servers: The Fastest Growing Segment of Low End Servers Market
Economic Upheavals in the Recent Past & Their Impact on Low-End Servers Market
Global Recession Exerts Deep Impact in 2009
Market Makes a Quick Comeback in 2010 & Remains Stable in 2011
Market Tested Once Again in 2012 & 2013 Amid Eurozone Debt Crisis & the US Fiscal Cliff Concerns
2. MARKET TRENDS, GROWTH DRIVERS & ISSUES
Demand for Low Cost & Low Power Servers Accelerates
Enterprise Data Centers - A Major Application Market
SMBs Drive the Market
Server Clustering: A Beneficial Trend Driving Growth
Micro Servers: The Next Generation Low-End Servers
Servers with Multiple Cores: A Key Trend
ARM-Based Processors Set to Weaken x86 Architecture
Growing Adoption of Cloud Computing: An Opportunity Indicator
Inclination towards Cloud Computing Creates Opportunities for Low-End Servers
Virtualization Threatens the Market for Low End Servers
x86 Virtualization Cripples Low End-Server Market Prospects
x86: The Architecture of Choice for Global Servers Manufacturers
3. PRODUCT OVERVIEW
Servers: Definition and Classification
Types of Servers by Price
Types of Servers by Operating System
Unix
Windows Server
Linux
NetWare
OpenVMS
IBM i
z/OS
Types of Servers Based on Chip Types
CISC
RISC
X86
x86-32
x86-64
Servers Based on Applications
Web Servers
Application Servers
Specialized Servers
Media Servers
Mail (Exchange) Servers
Blade Servers
Mobile Rack Servers
Proxy Servers
4. PRODUCT INTRODUCTIONS/INNOVATIONS
Oracle Unveils Sun Server X4-8 and X4-4 Systems
IBM Rolls Out System x M5 Servers
HP Widens Moonshot Server Portfolio with Xen and x86
IBM Introduces Sixth Generation of its Enterprise X-Architecture for System x and PureSystems Servers
AMD Rolls Out AMD Opteron X-Series Server Processors
Oracle Unveils New SPARC Server Range
HP Introduces New HP Moonshot Software Defined Server
Lantronix Introduces New xPico Wi-Fi Device Server
Lenovo Launches ThinkServer TD330
Dell to Introduce New ARM-based Copper Servers
IBM Launches New PowerLinux Systems
Intel Launches Low-Power SoC for High-Density Micro Servers
Alt-N Technologies Launches MDaemon Messaging Server
Lenovo Introduces New ThinkServer RD430 and RD330 Rack Servers
AMD Introduces AMD Opteron 6300 Series Server Processors
HP Launches HP ProLiant Generation 8 Four-Socket Servers
HP Launches Low-Power Servers
Dell Launches PowerEdge C5220 Micro Servers
IBM Introduces Power7+ for High-End Servers
NEC Expands the Express5800 IA Server Series with New Express5800/HR120a-1
MiTAC Unveils New GFX ARM Server
5. RECENT INDUSTRY ACTIVITY
Lenovo Takes Over IBM’s x86 Server Business
EMC Enters into Global Technology Partnership with Lenovo
AMD Acquires SeaMicro
Sugon Inks OEM Agreement with NextIO
6. FOCUS ON SELECT PLAYERS
Acer America Corporation (US)
Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (US)
Cisco Systems, Inc. (US)
Dell, Inc. (US)
Fujitsu Limited (Japan)
Hewlett-Packard Company (US)
Hitachi Data Systems (US)
Intel Corporation (US)
Lenovo (China)
Microsoft Corporation (US)
NCR Corporation (US)
Oracle Corporation (US)
Sugon (China)
7. GLOBAL MARKET PERSPECTIVE
III. MARKET
1. THE UNITED STATES
A. Market Analysis
Outlook
Increase in Demand for Low-end Servers by SMBs
Low Cost Blade Servers: The Fastest Growing Segment in the US
Recession Impact on the US Low-end Servers Market
Product Launches
Strategic Corporate Developments
Select Players
B. Market Analytics
2. CANADA
Market Analysis
3. JAPAN
A. Market Analysis
Outlook
The Japanese X86 Servers Market
Product Launch
Fujitsu Limited – A Key Japanese Player
B. Market Analytics
4. EUROPE
A. Market Analysis
Outlook
Impact of Euro Crisis on the Region’s Server Market
B. Market Analytics
4A. FRANCE
Market Analysis
4B. GERMANY
Market Analysis
4C. ITALY
Market Analysis
4D. THE UNITED KINGDOM
Market Analysis
4E. SPAIN
Market Analysis
4F. RUSSIA
Market Analysis
4G. REST OF EUROPE
Market Analysis
5. ASIA-PACIFIC
A. Market Analysis
Outlook
Asia-Pacific Drives Global Server Demand
Rising Proliferation of SMBs in the Region Drive the Low-end Servers Market
B. Market Analytics
5A. CHINA
A. Market Analysis
Outlook
China Spearheads Growth
Corporate Development
Key Players
B. Market Analytics
5B. INDIA
A. Market Analysis
Outlook
Server Market in India Abounds with Opportunity
Product Launch
B. Market Analytics
5C. REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC
A. Market Analysis
Outlook
Product Launch
B. Market Analytics
6. LATIN AMERICA
Market Analysis
6A. BRAZIL
A. Market Analysis
Outlook
Itautec S/A - A Key Brazil-Based Player
B. Market Analytics
6B. REST OF LATIN AMERICA
Market Analysis
7. REST OF WORLD
Market Analysis
IV. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
Total Companies Profiled: 33 (including Divisions/Subsidiaries - 37)
The United States (24)
Canada (1)
Japan (3)
Asia-Pacific (Excluding Japan) (8)
Latin America (1)
Study Reliability and Reporting Limitations
Disclaimers
Data Interpretation & Reporting Level
Quantitative Techniques & Analytics
Product Definition and Scope of Study
II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
Low-End Servers: A Prelude
Table 1. Global Servers Market (2014): Percentage Breakdown of Revenues by Server Class (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Low-End/Volume Servers, Midrange Servers and High-end Servers: A Comparative Study
The Server Industry: A Macro Perspective
Table 2. Leading Players in Global Servers Market (2014): Percentage Breakdown of Revenues for Cisco, Dell, HP, IBM, Oracle and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Windows Predominates Server Operating System Market
Table 3. World Server Market (2014): Percentage Breakdown of Revenues by Operating System (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Dominance of Large Server OEMs Wanes as ‘White Box’ Vendor Penetration Gains Momentum
Competitive Landscape in Low-End Server Market
Table 4. Leading Players in Global Low-End Servers Market (2014): Percentage Breakdown of Revenues for Dell, HP, Lenovo and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
x86: A Dominant Architecture for Low End-Servers
Table 5. Leading Players in Global x86 Microprocessors Market (2014): Percentage Breakdown of Shipments for Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), Intel and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Outlook
Asia-Pacific Offers Immense Growth Opportunities for Low-End Servers
Low Cost Blade Servers: The Fastest Growing Segment of Low End Servers Market
Table 6. Global Blade Servers Market (2014): Percentage Breakdown of Shipments by End-Use Segment (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Economic Upheavals in the Recent Past & Their Impact on Low-End Servers Market
Global Recession Exerts Deep Impact in 2009
Market Makes a Quick Comeback in 2010 & Remains Stable in 2011
Market Tested Once Again in 2012 & 2013 Amid Eurozone Debt Crisis & the US Fiscal Cliff Concerns
2. MARKET TRENDS, GROWTH DRIVERS & ISSUES
Demand for Low Cost & Low Power Servers Accelerates
Enterprise Data Centers - A Major Application Market
SMBs Drive the Market
Server Clustering: A Beneficial Trend Driving Growth
Micro Servers: The Next Generation Low-End Servers
Servers with Multiple Cores: A Key Trend
ARM-Based Processors Set to Weaken x86 Architecture
Growing Adoption of Cloud Computing: An Opportunity Indicator
Table 7. Global Enterprise Cloud Services Market (2014): Percentage Breakdown of Revenues by Segment (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Inclination towards Cloud Computing Creates Opportunities for Low-End Servers
Virtualization Threatens the Market for Low End Servers
Table 8. Global Server Virtualization Market (2014): Percentage Breakdown of Revenues by Architecture (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
x86 Virtualization Cripples Low End-Server Market Prospects
Table 9. Global Server Virtualization Software Market (2014): Percentage Breakdown of Revenues by Server Architecture (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
x86: The Architecture of Choice for Global Servers Manufacturers
Table 10. Global Server Market (2014): Percentage Breakdown of Unit Sales by Architecture (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 11. Global Server Market (2014): Percentage Breakdown of Revenues by Architecture (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
3. PRODUCT OVERVIEW
Servers: Definition and Classification
Types of Servers by Price
Types of Servers by Operating System
Unix
Windows Server
Linux
NetWare
OpenVMS
IBM i
z/OS
Types of Servers Based on Chip Types
CISC
RISC
X86
x86-32
x86-64
Servers Based on Applications
Web Servers
Application Servers
Specialized Servers
Media Servers
Mail (Exchange) Servers
Blade Servers
Mobile Rack Servers
Proxy Servers
4. PRODUCT INTRODUCTIONS/INNOVATIONS
Oracle Unveils Sun Server X4-8 and X4-4 Systems
IBM Rolls Out System x M5 Servers
HP Widens Moonshot Server Portfolio with Xen and x86
IBM Introduces Sixth Generation of its Enterprise X-Architecture for System x and PureSystems Servers
AMD Rolls Out AMD Opteron X-Series Server Processors
Oracle Unveils New SPARC Server Range
HP Introduces New HP Moonshot Software Defined Server
Lantronix Introduces New xPico Wi-Fi Device Server
Lenovo Launches ThinkServer TD330
Dell to Introduce New ARM-based Copper Servers
IBM Launches New PowerLinux Systems
Intel Launches Low-Power SoC for High-Density Micro Servers
Alt-N Technologies Launches MDaemon Messaging Server
Lenovo Introduces New ThinkServer RD430 and RD330 Rack Servers
AMD Introduces AMD Opteron 6300 Series Server Processors
HP Launches HP ProLiant Generation 8 Four-Socket Servers
HP Launches Low-Power Servers
Dell Launches PowerEdge C5220 Micro Servers
IBM Introduces Power7+ for High-End Servers
NEC Expands the Express5800 IA Server Series with New Express5800/HR120a-1
MiTAC Unveils New GFX ARM Server
5. RECENT INDUSTRY ACTIVITY
Lenovo Takes Over IBM’s x86 Server Business
EMC Enters into Global Technology Partnership with Lenovo
AMD Acquires SeaMicro
Sugon Inks OEM Agreement with NextIO
6. FOCUS ON SELECT PLAYERS
Acer America Corporation (US)
Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (US)
Cisco Systems, Inc. (US)
Dell, Inc. (US)
Fujitsu Limited (Japan)
Hewlett-Packard Company (US)
Hitachi Data Systems (US)
Intel Corporation (US)
Lenovo (China)
Microsoft Corporation (US)
NCR Corporation (US)
Oracle Corporation (US)
Sugon (China)
7. GLOBAL MARKET PERSPECTIVE
Table 12. World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Low-End Servers by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2014 through 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 13. World Historic Review for Low-End Servers by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2007 through 2013 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 14. World 14-Year Perspective for Low-End Servers by Geographic Region - Percentage Share Breakdown of Volume Shipments for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America and Rest of World Markets for Years 2007, 2015 & 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
III. MARKET
1. THE UNITED STATES
A. Market Analysis
Outlook
Increase in Demand for Low-end Servers by SMBs
Low Cost Blade Servers: The Fastest Growing Segment in the US
Recession Impact on the US Low-end Servers Market
Product Launches
Strategic Corporate Developments
Select Players
B. Market Analytics
Table 15. US Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2014 through 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 16. US Historic Review for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2007 through 2013 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
2. CANADA
Market Analysis
Table 17. Canadian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2014 through 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 18. Canadian Historic Review for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2007 through 2013 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
3. JAPAN
A. Market Analysis
Outlook
The Japanese X86 Servers Market
Table 19. Japanese x86 Servers Market (2014): Percentage Share Breakdown of Unit Shipments by CPU Capacity (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 20. Japanese Blade Servers Market (2014): Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales by Product Segment (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Product Launch
Fujitsu Limited – A Key Japanese Player
B. Market Analytics
Table 21. Japanese Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2014 through 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 22. Japanese Historic Review for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2007 through 2013 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
4. EUROPE
A. Market Analysis
Outlook
Impact of Euro Crisis on the Region’s Server Market
B. Market Analytics
Table 23. European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Low-End Servers by Geographic Region - France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia and Rest of Europe Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2014 through 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 24. European Historic Review for Low-End Servers by Geographic Region - France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia and Rest of Europe Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2007 through 2013 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 25. European 14-Year Perspective for Low-End Servers by Geographic Region - Percentage Share Breakdown of Volume Shipments for France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia and Rest of Europe Markets for Years 2007, 2015 & 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
4A. FRANCE
Market Analysis
Table 26. French Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2014 through 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 27. French Historic Review for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2007 through 2013 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
4B. GERMANY
Market Analysis
Table 28. German Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2014 through 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 29. German Historic Review for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2007 through 2013 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
4C. ITALY
Market Analysis
Table 30. Italian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2014 through 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 31. Italian Historic Review for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2007 through 2013 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
4D. THE UNITED KINGDOM
Market Analysis
Table 32. UK Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2014 through 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 33. UK Historic Review for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2007 through 2013 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
4E. SPAIN
Market Analysis
Table 34. Spanish Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2014 through 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 35. Spanish Historic Review for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2007 through 2013 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
4F. RUSSIA
Market Analysis
Table 36. Russian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2014 through 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 37. Russian Historic Review for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2007 through 2013 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
4G. REST OF EUROPE
Market Analysis
Table 38. Rest of Europe Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2014 through 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 39. Rest of Europe Historic Review for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2007 through 2013 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
5. ASIA-PACIFIC
A. Market Analysis
Outlook
Asia-Pacific Drives Global Server Demand
Rising Proliferation of SMBs in the Region Drive the Low-end Servers Market
B. Market Analytics
Table 40. Asia-Pacific Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Low-end Servers by Geographic Region - China, India and Rest of Asia-Pacific Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2014 through 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 41. Asia-Pacific Historic Review for Low-End Servers by Geographic Region - China, India and Rest of Asia-Pacific Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2007 through 2013 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 42. Asia-Pacific 14-Year Perspective for Low-End Servers by Geographic Region - Percentage Share Breakdown of Volume Shipments for China, India and Rest of Asia-Pacific Markets for Years 2007, 2015 & 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
5A. CHINA
A. Market Analysis
Outlook
China Spearheads Growth
Corporate Development
Key Players
B. Market Analytics
Table 43. Chinese Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2014 through 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 44. Chinese Historic Review for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2007 through 2013 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
5B. INDIA
A. Market Analysis
Outlook
Server Market in India Abounds with Opportunity
Table 45. Indian Servers Market (2014): Percentage Share Breakdown of Dollar Sales by Architecture (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Product Launch
B. Market Analytics
Table 46. Indian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2014 through 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 47. Indian Historic Review for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2007 through 2013 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
5C. REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC
A. Market Analysis
Outlook
Product Launch
B. Market Analytics
Table 48. Rest of Asia-Pacific Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2014 through 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 49. Rest of Asia-Pacific Historic Review for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2007 through 2013 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
6. LATIN AMERICA
Market Analysis
Table 50. Latin American Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Low-end Servers by Geographic Region - Brazil and Rest of Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2014 through 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 51. Latin American Historic Review for Low-end Servers by Geographic Region - Brazil and Rest of Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2007 through 2013 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 52. Latin American 14-Year Perspective for Low-End Servers by Geographic Region - Percentage Share Breakdown of Volume Shipments for Brazil and Rest of Latin America Markets for Years 2007, 2015 & 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
6A. BRAZIL
A. Market Analysis
Outlook
Itautec S/A - A Key Brazil-Based Player
B. Market Analytics
Table 53. Brazilian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2014 through 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 54. Brazilian Historic Review for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2007 through 2013 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
6B. REST OF LATIN AMERICA
Market Analysis
Table 55. Rest of Latin America Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2014 through 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 56. Rest of Latin America Historic Review for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2007 through 2013 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
7. REST OF WORLD
Market Analysis
Table 57. Rest of World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2014 through 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
Table 58. Rest of World Historic Review for Low-end Servers Market Analyzed with Annual Shipments in Thousand Units for Years 2007 through 2013 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
IV. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
Total Companies Profiled: 33 (including Divisions/Subsidiaries - 37)
The United States (24)
Canada (1)
Japan (3)
Asia-Pacific (Excluding Japan) (8)
Latin America (1)