Books (B2B Procurement) Purchasing World Report & Database
BOOKS (B2B PROCUREMENT) PURCHASING WORLD REPORT + DATABASE
The Books (B2B Procurement) Purchasing World Report gives data on a list of 48 categories of Raw Materials, Semi-Finished & Finished Products, Services, Sub-contracted Expenditures and Expenses by the 7394 entities in the Books sector. The data analyses each of up to 200 countries by each Product by 3 Time series: From 1997- 2019 and Forecasts 2020- 2027 & 2027-2046.
Purchasing World Database covers each country by each of the 48 Purchasing/Expenses Categories from 1997 with a forecast to 2046. This is a very large database with 2121 pages, 9659 spreadsheets, 9713 database tables, 523 illustrations. The report contains a number of Access databases which are an analogue of U.S. Government databases, and have the same database structures, datasets, field names, et al. The Database Edition is correlated with the U.S. Government NAICS/SIC code 511130.
Countries covered include: Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Aruba, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Eire, El Salvador, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, French Guiana, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Malta, Martinique, Mexico, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Qatar, Reunion, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
59 MARKET RESEARCH CHAPTERS. SPREADSHEET CHAPTERS: Market Consumption - in US$ by Country by Product/Service by Year. Market, Financial, Competitive, Market Segmentation, Industry, Critical Parameters, Marketing Costs, Markets, Decision Makers, Performance, Product Launch.
WORLD & NATIONAL REPORT MARKET DATABASE & SPREADSHEETS. FINANCIAL SPREADSHEETS & DATABASES. INDUSTRY SPREADSHEETS & DATABASES.
Data includes Market Consumption by individual Product/Service, Per-Capita Consumption, Marketing Costs & Margins, Product Launch Data, Buyers, End Users & Customer Profile, Consumer Demographics. Historic Balance Sheets, Forecast Financial Data, Industry Profile, National Data.
The report is on a DVD containing the entire web and databases, or it is available online. Merge text, tables & databases for your own reports, spreadsheet calculations & modeling.
48 Products/Services covered, 2121 pages, 9659 spreadsheets, 9713 database tables, 523 illustrations. Updated monthly. 12 month After-Sales Service.
Purchasing Data: the report contains aggregated data from 7394 Companies or Organisations (worldwide) with their purchasing data for each of the 48 Product or Expenses Purchasing Groups, by each country, by each Year.
This Books (B2B Procurement) Purchasing World Report is updated monthly.
Purchasing Volume and Unit data is available on request.
Data on the individual 7394 Purchasing Companies or Organisations is available at any time during (12 months) from the After-Sales Service.
The Books (B2B Procurement) Purchasing World Report gives data on a list of 48 categories of Raw Materials, Semi-Finished & Finished Products, Services, Sub-contracted Expenditures and Expenses by the 7394 entities in the Books sector. The data analyses each of up to 200 countries by each Product by 3 Time series: From 1997- 2019 and Forecasts 2020- 2027 & 2027-2046.
Purchasing World Database covers each country by each of the 48 Purchasing/Expenses Categories from 1997 with a forecast to 2046. This is a very large database with 2121 pages, 9659 spreadsheets, 9713 database tables, 523 illustrations. The report contains a number of Access databases which are an analogue of U.S. Government databases, and have the same database structures, datasets, field names, et al. The Database Edition is correlated with the U.S. Government NAICS/SIC code 511130.
Countries covered include: Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Aruba, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Eire, El Salvador, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, French Guiana, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Malta, Martinique, Mexico, Moldova, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Qatar, Reunion, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
59 MARKET RESEARCH CHAPTERS. SPREADSHEET CHAPTERS: Market Consumption - in US$ by Country by Product/Service by Year. Market, Financial, Competitive, Market Segmentation, Industry, Critical Parameters, Marketing Costs, Markets, Decision Makers, Performance, Product Launch.
WORLD & NATIONAL REPORT MARKET DATABASE & SPREADSHEETS. FINANCIAL SPREADSHEETS & DATABASES. INDUSTRY SPREADSHEETS & DATABASES.
Data includes Market Consumption by individual Product/Service, Per-Capita Consumption, Marketing Costs & Margins, Product Launch Data, Buyers, End Users & Customer Profile, Consumer Demographics. Historic Balance Sheets, Forecast Financial Data, Industry Profile, National Data.
The report is on a DVD containing the entire web and databases, or it is available online. Merge text, tables & databases for your own reports, spreadsheet calculations & modeling.
48 Products/Services covered, 2121 pages, 9659 spreadsheets, 9713 database tables, 523 illustrations. Updated monthly. 12 month After-Sales Service.
Purchasing Data: the report contains aggregated data from 7394 Companies or Organisations (worldwide) with their purchasing data for each of the 48 Product or Expenses Purchasing Groups, by each country, by each Year.
This Books (B2B Procurement) Purchasing World Report is updated monthly.
Purchasing Volume and Unit data is available on request.
Data on the individual 7394 Purchasing Companies or Organisations is available at any time during (12 months) from the After-Sales Service.
BOOKS (B2B PROCUREMENT) PURCHASING WORLD REPORT
Purchasing data for Books (B2B Procurement), in each country, by each of 48 Product or Expenses Purchasing Groups, by each year, in US$ terms. Data from 7394 Books entities worldwide.
PURCHASES OF PRODUCTS & SERVICES (by country, by year, in US$):
BOOKS (B2B PROCUREMENT)
1. Books
2. Materials & components, parts, containers & supplies (00970099) (for NAICS 511130)
3. Materials, ingredients, containers & supplies, n.s.k. (00971000) (for NAICS 511130)
4. Coated paper (32200015) (for NAICS 511130)
5. Uncoated paper (32212019) (for NAICS 511130)
6. Newsprint (32212203) (for NAICS 511130)
7. Printing ink (32591003) (for NAICS 511130)
8. Raw & Feedstock Materials, n.e.c.
9. Finished Materials, n.e.c.
10. All other Input Materials & Components, n.e.c.
11. Buildings & Fittings
12. Plant & Equipment
13. Vehicles & Equipment
14. Data Processing, Software & Office Equipment
15. Miscellaneous Capital Purchases
16. New Technology Purchases
17. Process Technology Purchases
18. Research & Development Purchases
19. Fuel Purchases
20. Energy Purchases
21. Sub-Contracted Work Purchased
22. After-Sales Services Purchased
23. Technical Process Services Purchased
24. Technical Product Services Purchased
25. Legal & Public Relations Services Purchased
26. Leasing of Buildings
27. Rental & Leasing of Equipment
28. Financial Services Purchased
29. Building Maintenance & Services Purchased
30. Equipment Maintenance & Services Purchased
31. Services Purchased
32. Telecommunications & Data Services
33. Travel, Hotel & Subsistence Purchased
34. Office Supplies, Mailing,
35. Advertising Services & Media Purchases
36. Advertising Materials Purchases
37. Point of Sales Materials Purchases
38. Promotional Materials & Services Purchases
39. Sales Materials & Promotional Print
40. Contracted Logistics Services
41. Logistics Services Purchased
42. Contracted Warehouse & Storage Services
43. Warehouse & Storage Purchases
44. Contracted Product Handling Services
45. Product Handling Services Purchased
46. Contracted Process Services
47. Product Process Service Purchases
BOOKS (B2B PROCUREMENT) PURCHASING WORLD REPORT + DATABASE
Purchasing data for Books (B2B Procurement) in each country by each Material, Products, Services & Expenses Purchasing Group.
TIME SERIES - Historic: 1997- 2019 / Current time series: 2020- 2027 / Long Term Projection: 2027-2046. Consumption given at industry / distribution channel / service or product line level.
PRODUCTS & MARKETS COVERED:
BOOKS (B2B PROCUREMENT)
1. Books
2. Materials & components, parts, containers & supplies (00970099) (for NAICS 511130)
3. Materials, ingredients, containers & supplies, n.s.k. (00971000) (for NAICS 511130)
4. Coated paper (32200015) (for NAICS 511130)
5. Uncoated paper (32212019) (for NAICS 511130)
6. Newsprint (32212203) (for NAICS 511130)
7. Printing ink (32591003) (for NAICS 511130)
8. Raw & Feedstock Materials, n.e.c.
9. Finished Materials, n.e.c.
10. All other Input Materials & Components, n.e.c.
11. Buildings & Fittings
12. Plant & Equipment
13. Vehicles & Equipment
14. Data Processing, Software & Office Equipment
15. Miscellaneous Capital Purchases
16. New Technology Purchases
17. Process Technology Purchases
18. Research & Development Purchases
19. Fuel Purchases
20. Energy Purchases
21. Sub-Contracted Work Purchased
22. After-Sales Services Purchased
23. Technical Process Services Purchased
24. Technical Product Services Purchased
25. Legal & Public Relations Services Purchased
26. Leasing of Buildings
27. Rental & Leasing of Equipment
28. Financial Services Purchased
29. Building Maintenance & Services Purchased
30. Equipment Maintenance & Services Purchased
31. Services Purchased
32. Telecommunications & Data Services
33. Travel, Hotel & Subsistence Purchased
34. Office Supplies, Mailing,
35. Advertising Services & Media Purchases
36. Advertising Materials Purchases
37. Point of Sales Materials Purchases
38. Promotional Materials & Services Purchases
39. Sales Materials & Promotional Print
40. Contracted Logistics Services
41. Logistics Services Purchased
42. Contracted Warehouse & Storage Services
43. Warehouse & Storage Purchases
44. Contracted Product Handling Services
45. Product Handling Services Purchased
46. Contracted Process Services
47. Product Process Service Purchases
59 RESEARCH CHAPTERS:
1 Administration, 2 Advertising, 3 Buyers - Commercial Operations, 4 Buyers - Competitors, 5 Buyers - Major City, 6 Buyers - Products, 7 Buyers - Trade Cell, 8 Competitive Industry Analysis, 9 Competitor Analysis, 10 Country Focus, 11 Distribution, 12 Business Decision Scenarios, 13 Capital Costs Scenarios, 14 Cashflow Option Scenarios, 15 Cost Structure Scenarios, 16 Historic Industry Balance Sheet, 17 Historic Marketing Costs & Margins, 18 Investment + Cost Reduction Scenarios, 19 Market Climate Scenarios, 20 Marketing Costs, 21 Marketing Expenditure Scenarios, 22 Marketing Margins, 23 Strategic Options Scenarios, 24 Survival Scenarios, 25 Tactical Options Scenarios, 26 Geographic Data, 27 Industry Norms, 28 Major City Market Analysis, 29 Capital Access Scenarios, 30 Market Cashflow Scenarios, 31 Economic Climate Scenarios, 32 Market Investment + Costs Scenarios, 33 Marketing Expenditure Scenarios, 34 Market Risk Scenarios, 35 Market Strategic Options, 36 Market Survival Options, 37 Market Tactical Options, 38 Marketing Expenditure -v- Market Share, 39 Marketing Strategy Development, 40 Markets, 41 Operational Analysis, 42 Overseas Development, 43 Personnel Management, 44 Physical Distribution + Customer Handling, 45 Pricing, 46 Process + Order Handling, 47 Product Analysis, 48 Product Development, 49 Product Marketing Factors, 50 Product Mix, 51 Product Summary, 52 Profit Risk Scenarios, 53 Promotional Mix, 54 Salesforce Decisions, 55 Sales Promotion, 56 Surveys, 57 Targets -Product + Market, 58 Technology, 59 Trade Cell Analysis.
SPREADSHEET CHAPTERS:
PRODUCT PURCHASING - in US$ by Country by Product/Service by Year: 1997 - 2019, Forecast 2020- 2027, Forecast 2027-2046. Market, Financial, Competitive, Market Segmentation, Industry, Critical Parameters, Marketing Costs, Markets, Decision Makers, Performance, Product Launch.
WORLD & NATIONAL PURCHASING DATABASE & SPREADSHEETS: 1332 World Database tables & Spreadsheets covering business scenarios. 1435 World Database tables & Spreadsheets covering Markets, Market Forecast, Financial Forecast, Financial Margins, Historic Financial, Historic Costs, Industry Norms for each country. 3816 National Database tables & Spreadsheets covering business scenarios.
FINANCIAL SPREADSHEETS & DATABASES: 188 Balance Sheet, Financial Margins & Ratios for each of 103 Business Scenarios - by Country by Year - Forecast 2020- 2027, Forecast 2027-2046.
INDUSTRY SPREADSHEETS & DATABASES: 820 Database tables & Spreadsheets covering Historic Industry Balance Sheet Data, Forecast Industry Financial Data, Industry Profiles & Norms - by Country by Year - Forecast 2020- 2027, Forecast 2027-2046.
NATIONAL DATA - by Country by Year.
The report is produced on a DVD containing the entire report web and databases, and it is also supplied online as a zipped file. Readers can access & reproduce the information for their own documents or reports. Tables & databases as Access & Excel formats on the DVD to enable readers to produce their own spreadsheet calculations and modeling.
48 Products / Services / Expenses covered for over 200 Countries: 2121 pages, 9659 spreadsheets, 9713 database tables, 523 diagrams & maps.
This database is updated monthly. 12 months Full After-Sales Services & Updates available from the publishers.
Purchasing data for Books (B2B Procurement), in each country, by each of 48 Product or Expenses Purchasing Groups, by each year, in US$ terms. Data from 7394 Books entities worldwide.
PURCHASES OF PRODUCTS & SERVICES (by country, by year, in US$):
BOOKS (B2B PROCUREMENT)
1. Books
2. Materials & components, parts, containers & supplies (00970099) (for NAICS 511130)
3. Materials, ingredients, containers & supplies, n.s.k. (00971000) (for NAICS 511130)
4. Coated paper (32200015) (for NAICS 511130)
5. Uncoated paper (32212019) (for NAICS 511130)
6. Newsprint (32212203) (for NAICS 511130)
7. Printing ink (32591003) (for NAICS 511130)
8. Raw & Feedstock Materials, n.e.c.
9. Finished Materials, n.e.c.
10. All other Input Materials & Components, n.e.c.
11. Buildings & Fittings
12. Plant & Equipment
13. Vehicles & Equipment
14. Data Processing, Software & Office Equipment
15. Miscellaneous Capital Purchases
16. New Technology Purchases
17. Process Technology Purchases
18. Research & Development Purchases
19. Fuel Purchases
20. Energy Purchases
21. Sub-Contracted Work Purchased
22. After-Sales Services Purchased
23. Technical Process Services Purchased
24. Technical Product Services Purchased
25. Legal & Public Relations Services Purchased
26. Leasing of Buildings
27. Rental & Leasing of Equipment
28. Financial Services Purchased
29. Building Maintenance & Services Purchased
30. Equipment Maintenance & Services Purchased
31. Services Purchased
32. Telecommunications & Data Services
33. Travel, Hotel & Subsistence Purchased
34. Office Supplies, Mailing,
35. Advertising Services & Media Purchases
36. Advertising Materials Purchases
37. Point of Sales Materials Purchases
38. Promotional Materials & Services Purchases
39. Sales Materials & Promotional Print
40. Contracted Logistics Services
41. Logistics Services Purchased
42. Contracted Warehouse & Storage Services
43. Warehouse & Storage Purchases
44. Contracted Product Handling Services
45. Product Handling Services Purchased
46. Contracted Process Services
47. Product Process Service Purchases
BOOKS (B2B PROCUREMENT) PURCHASING WORLD REPORT + DATABASE
Purchasing data for Books (B2B Procurement) in each country by each Material, Products, Services & Expenses Purchasing Group.
TIME SERIES - Historic: 1997- 2019 / Current time series: 2020- 2027 / Long Term Projection: 2027-2046. Consumption given at industry / distribution channel / service or product line level.
PRODUCTS & MARKETS COVERED:
BOOKS (B2B PROCUREMENT)
1. Books
2. Materials & components, parts, containers & supplies (00970099) (for NAICS 511130)
3. Materials, ingredients, containers & supplies, n.s.k. (00971000) (for NAICS 511130)
4. Coated paper (32200015) (for NAICS 511130)
5. Uncoated paper (32212019) (for NAICS 511130)
6. Newsprint (32212203) (for NAICS 511130)
7. Printing ink (32591003) (for NAICS 511130)
8. Raw & Feedstock Materials, n.e.c.
9. Finished Materials, n.e.c.
10. All other Input Materials & Components, n.e.c.
11. Buildings & Fittings
12. Plant & Equipment
13. Vehicles & Equipment
14. Data Processing, Software & Office Equipment
15. Miscellaneous Capital Purchases
16. New Technology Purchases
17. Process Technology Purchases
18. Research & Development Purchases
19. Fuel Purchases
20. Energy Purchases
21. Sub-Contracted Work Purchased
22. After-Sales Services Purchased
23. Technical Process Services Purchased
24. Technical Product Services Purchased
25. Legal & Public Relations Services Purchased
26. Leasing of Buildings
27. Rental & Leasing of Equipment
28. Financial Services Purchased
29. Building Maintenance & Services Purchased
30. Equipment Maintenance & Services Purchased
31. Services Purchased
32. Telecommunications & Data Services
33. Travel, Hotel & Subsistence Purchased
34. Office Supplies, Mailing,
35. Advertising Services & Media Purchases
36. Advertising Materials Purchases
37. Point of Sales Materials Purchases
38. Promotional Materials & Services Purchases
39. Sales Materials & Promotional Print
40. Contracted Logistics Services
41. Logistics Services Purchased
42. Contracted Warehouse & Storage Services
43. Warehouse & Storage Purchases
44. Contracted Product Handling Services
45. Product Handling Services Purchased
46. Contracted Process Services
47. Product Process Service Purchases
59 RESEARCH CHAPTERS:
1 Administration, 2 Advertising, 3 Buyers - Commercial Operations, 4 Buyers - Competitors, 5 Buyers - Major City, 6 Buyers - Products, 7 Buyers - Trade Cell, 8 Competitive Industry Analysis, 9 Competitor Analysis, 10 Country Focus, 11 Distribution, 12 Business Decision Scenarios, 13 Capital Costs Scenarios, 14 Cashflow Option Scenarios, 15 Cost Structure Scenarios, 16 Historic Industry Balance Sheet, 17 Historic Marketing Costs & Margins, 18 Investment + Cost Reduction Scenarios, 19 Market Climate Scenarios, 20 Marketing Costs, 21 Marketing Expenditure Scenarios, 22 Marketing Margins, 23 Strategic Options Scenarios, 24 Survival Scenarios, 25 Tactical Options Scenarios, 26 Geographic Data, 27 Industry Norms, 28 Major City Market Analysis, 29 Capital Access Scenarios, 30 Market Cashflow Scenarios, 31 Economic Climate Scenarios, 32 Market Investment + Costs Scenarios, 33 Marketing Expenditure Scenarios, 34 Market Risk Scenarios, 35 Market Strategic Options, 36 Market Survival Options, 37 Market Tactical Options, 38 Marketing Expenditure -v- Market Share, 39 Marketing Strategy Development, 40 Markets, 41 Operational Analysis, 42 Overseas Development, 43 Personnel Management, 44 Physical Distribution + Customer Handling, 45 Pricing, 46 Process + Order Handling, 47 Product Analysis, 48 Product Development, 49 Product Marketing Factors, 50 Product Mix, 51 Product Summary, 52 Profit Risk Scenarios, 53 Promotional Mix, 54 Salesforce Decisions, 55 Sales Promotion, 56 Surveys, 57 Targets -Product + Market, 58 Technology, 59 Trade Cell Analysis.
SPREADSHEET CHAPTERS:
PRODUCT PURCHASING - in US$ by Country by Product/Service by Year: 1997 - 2019, Forecast 2020- 2027, Forecast 2027-2046. Market, Financial, Competitive, Market Segmentation, Industry, Critical Parameters, Marketing Costs, Markets, Decision Makers, Performance, Product Launch.
WORLD & NATIONAL PURCHASING DATABASE & SPREADSHEETS: 1332 World Database tables & Spreadsheets covering business scenarios. 1435 World Database tables & Spreadsheets covering Markets, Market Forecast, Financial Forecast, Financial Margins, Historic Financial, Historic Costs, Industry Norms for each country. 3816 National Database tables & Spreadsheets covering business scenarios.
FINANCIAL SPREADSHEETS & DATABASES: 188 Balance Sheet, Financial Margins & Ratios for each of 103 Business Scenarios - by Country by Year - Forecast 2020- 2027, Forecast 2027-2046.
INDUSTRY SPREADSHEETS & DATABASES: 820 Database tables & Spreadsheets covering Historic Industry Balance Sheet Data, Forecast Industry Financial Data, Industry Profiles & Norms - by Country by Year - Forecast 2020- 2027, Forecast 2027-2046.
NATIONAL DATA - by Country by Year.
The report is produced on a DVD containing the entire report web and databases, and it is also supplied online as a zipped file. Readers can access & reproduce the information for their own documents or reports. Tables & databases as Access & Excel formats on the DVD to enable readers to produce their own spreadsheet calculations and modeling.
48 Products / Services / Expenses covered for over 200 Countries: 2121 pages, 9659 spreadsheets, 9713 database tables, 523 diagrams & maps.
This database is updated monthly. 12 months Full After-Sales Services & Updates available from the publishers.
