Global Icings Market Report 2020
At the beginning of 2020, COVID-19 disease began to spread around the world, millions of people worldwide were infected with COVID-19 disease, and major countries around the world have implemented foot prohibitions and work stoppage orders. Except for the medical supplies and life support products industries, most industries have been greatly impacted, and Icings industries have also been greatly affected.
In the past few years, the Icings market experienced a growth of XXX, the global market size of Icings reached XXX million $ in 2020, of what is about XXX million $ in 2015.
From 2015 to 2019, the growth rate of global Icings market size was in the range of xxx%. At the end of 2019, COVID-19 began to erupt in China, Due to the huge decrease of global economy; we forecast the growth rate of global economy will show a decrease of about 4%, due to this reason, Icings market size in 2020 will be XXX with a growth rate of xxx%. This is xxx percentage points lower than in previous years.
As of the date of the report, there have been more than 20 million confirmed cases of CVOID-19 worldwide, and the epidemic has not been effectively controlled. Therefore, we predict that the global epidemic will be basically controlled by the end of 2020 and the global Icings market size will reach XXX million $ in 2025, with a CAGR of xxx% between 2020-2025.
This Report covers the manufacturers’ data, including: shipment, price, revenue, gross profit, interview record, business distribution etc., these data help the consumer know about the competitors better. This report also covers all the regions and countries of the world, which shows a regional development status, including market size, volume and value, as well as price data.
Besides, the report also covers segment data, including: type segment, industry segment, channel segment etc. cover different segment market size, both volume and value. Also cover different industries clients information, which is very important for the manufacturers. If you need more information, please contact BisReport
Section 1: Free——Definition
Section (2 3): 1200 USD——Manufacturer Detail
Rich Product
Betty Crocker
CSM Bakery Solutions
Pinnacle Foods
Wilton Industries
Dawn Food
Real Good Food
Lawrence Foods
Dixie’s Icing
Macphie
Kelmyshop
Orchardicing
Fruit Fillings Inc
Section 4: 900 USD——Region Segmentation
North America Country (United States, Canada)
South America
Asia Country (China, Japan, India, Korea)
Europe Country (Germany, UK, France, Italy)
Other Country (Middle East, Africa, GCC)
Section (5 6 7): 500 USD——
Product Type Segmentation
Cakes Icing
Cookies Icing
Industry Segmentation
Bakery
Restaurant
Family
Channel (Direct Sales, Distributor) Segmentation
Section 8: 400 USD——Trend (2020-2025)
Section 9: 300 USD——Product Type Detail
Section 10: 700 USD——Downstream Consumer
Section 11: 200 USD——Cost Structure
Section 12: 500 USD——Conclusion
In the past few years, the Icings market experienced a growth of XXX, the global market size of Icings reached XXX million $ in 2020, of what is about XXX million $ in 2015.
From 2015 to 2019, the growth rate of global Icings market size was in the range of xxx%. At the end of 2019, COVID-19 began to erupt in China, Due to the huge decrease of global economy; we forecast the growth rate of global economy will show a decrease of about 4%, due to this reason, Icings market size in 2020 will be XXX with a growth rate of xxx%. This is xxx percentage points lower than in previous years.
As of the date of the report, there have been more than 20 million confirmed cases of CVOID-19 worldwide, and the epidemic has not been effectively controlled. Therefore, we predict that the global epidemic will be basically controlled by the end of 2020 and the global Icings market size will reach XXX million $ in 2025, with a CAGR of xxx% between 2020-2025.
This Report covers the manufacturers’ data, including: shipment, price, revenue, gross profit, interview record, business distribution etc., these data help the consumer know about the competitors better. This report also covers all the regions and countries of the world, which shows a regional development status, including market size, volume and value, as well as price data.
Besides, the report also covers segment data, including: type segment, industry segment, channel segment etc. cover different segment market size, both volume and value. Also cover different industries clients information, which is very important for the manufacturers. If you need more information, please contact BisReport
Section 1: Free——Definition
Section (2 3): 1200 USD——Manufacturer Detail
Rich Product
Betty Crocker
CSM Bakery Solutions
Pinnacle Foods
Wilton Industries
Dawn Food
Real Good Food
Lawrence Foods
Dixie’s Icing
Macphie
Kelmyshop
Orchardicing
Fruit Fillings Inc
Section 4: 900 USD——Region Segmentation
North America Country (United States, Canada)
South America
Asia Country (China, Japan, India, Korea)
Europe Country (Germany, UK, France, Italy)
Other Country (Middle East, Africa, GCC)
Section (5 6 7): 500 USD——
Product Type Segmentation
Cakes Icing
Cookies Icing
Industry Segmentation
Bakery
Restaurant
Family
Channel (Direct Sales, Distributor) Segmentation
Section 8: 400 USD——Trend (2020-2025)
Section 9: 300 USD——Product Type Detail
Section 10: 700 USD——Downstream Consumer
Section 11: 200 USD——Cost Structure
Section 12: 500 USD——Conclusion
SECTION 1 ICINGS PRODUCT DEFINITION
SECTION 2 GLOBAL ICINGS MARKET MANUFACTURER SHARE AND MARKET OVERVIEW
2.1 Global Manufacturer Icings Shipments
2.2 Global Manufacturer Icings Business Revenue
2.3 Global Icings Market Overview
2.4 COVID-19 Impact on Icings Industry
SECTION 3 MANUFACTURER ICINGS BUSINESS INTRODUCTION
3.1 Rich Product Icings Business Introduction
3.1.1 Rich Product Icings Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2015-2020
3.1.2 Rich Product Icings Business Distribution by Region
3.1.3 Rich Product Interview Record
3.1.4 Rich Product Icings Business Profile
3.1.5 Rich Product Icings Product Specification
3.2 Betty Crocker Icings Business Introduction
3.2.1 Betty Crocker Icings Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2015-2020
3.2.2 Betty Crocker Icings Business Distribution by Region
3.2.3 Interview Record
3.2.4 Betty Crocker Icings Business Overview
3.2.5 Betty Crocker Icings Product Specification
3.3 CSM Bakery Solutions Icings Business Introduction
3.3.1 CSM Bakery Solutions Icings Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2015-2020
3.3.2 CSM Bakery Solutions Icings Business Distribution by Region
3.3.3 Interview Record
3.3.4 CSM Bakery Solutions Icings Business Overview
3.3.5 CSM Bakery Solutions Icings Product Specification
3.4 Pinnacle Foods Icings Business Introduction
3.5 Wilton Industries Icings Business Introduction
3.6 Dawn Food Icings Business Introduction
SECTION 4 GLOBAL ICINGS MARKET SEGMENTATION (REGION LEVEL)
4.1 North America Country
4.1.1 United States Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.1.2 Canada Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.2 South America Country
4.2.1 South America Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.3 Asia Country
4.3.1 China Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.3.2 Japan Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.3.3 India Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.3.4 Korea Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.4 Europe Country
4.4.1 Germany Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.4.2 UK Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.4.3 France Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.4.4 Italy Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.4.5 Europe Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.5 Other Country and Region
4.5.1 Middle East Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.5.2 Africa Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.5.3 GCC Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.6 Global Icings Market Segmentation (Region Level) Analysis 2015-2020
4.7 Global Icings Market Segmentation (Region Level) Analysis
SECTION 5 GLOBAL ICINGS MARKET SEGMENTATION (PRODUCT TYPE LEVEL)
5.1 Global Icings Market Segmentation (Product Type Level) Market Size 2015-2020
5.2 Different Icings Product Type Price 2015-2020
5.3 Global Icings Market Segmentation (Product Type Level) Analysis
SECTION 6 GLOBAL ICINGS MARKET SEGMENTATION (INDUSTRY LEVEL)
6.1 Global Icings Market Segmentation (Industry Level) Market Size 2015-2020
6.2 Different Industry Price 2015-2020
6.3 Global Icings Market Segmentation (Industry Level) Analysis
SECTION 7 GLOBAL ICINGS MARKET SEGMENTATION (CHANNEL LEVEL)
7.1 Global Icings Market Segmentation (Channel Level) Sales Volume and Share 2015-2020
7.2 Global Icings Market Segmentation (Channel Level) Analysis
SECTION 8 ICINGS MARKET FORECAST 2020-2025
8.1 Icings Segmentation Market Forecast (Region Level)
8.2 Icings Segmentation Market Forecast (Product Type Level)
8.3 Icings Segmentation Market Forecast (Industry Level)
8.4 Icings Segmentation Market Forecast (Channel Level)
SECTION 9 ICINGS SEGMENTATION PRODUCT TYPE
9.1 Cakes Icing Product Introduction
9.2 Cookies Icing Product Introduction
SECTION 10 ICINGS SEGMENTATION INDUSTRY
10.1 Bakery Clients
10.2 Restaurant Clients
10.3 Family Clients
SECTION 11 ICINGS COST OF PRODUCTION ANALYSIS
11.1 Raw Material Cost Analysis
11.2 Technology Cost Analysis
11.3 Labor Cost Analysis
11.4 Cost Overview
SECTION 12 CONCLUSION
SECTION 2 GLOBAL ICINGS MARKET MANUFACTURER SHARE AND MARKET OVERVIEW
2.1 Global Manufacturer Icings Shipments
2.2 Global Manufacturer Icings Business Revenue
2.3 Global Icings Market Overview
2.4 COVID-19 Impact on Icings Industry
SECTION 3 MANUFACTURER ICINGS BUSINESS INTRODUCTION
3.1 Rich Product Icings Business Introduction
3.1.1 Rich Product Icings Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2015-2020
3.1.2 Rich Product Icings Business Distribution by Region
3.1.3 Rich Product Interview Record
3.1.4 Rich Product Icings Business Profile
3.1.5 Rich Product Icings Product Specification
3.2 Betty Crocker Icings Business Introduction
3.2.1 Betty Crocker Icings Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2015-2020
3.2.2 Betty Crocker Icings Business Distribution by Region
3.2.3 Interview Record
3.2.4 Betty Crocker Icings Business Overview
3.2.5 Betty Crocker Icings Product Specification
3.3 CSM Bakery Solutions Icings Business Introduction
3.3.1 CSM Bakery Solutions Icings Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2015-2020
3.3.2 CSM Bakery Solutions Icings Business Distribution by Region
3.3.3 Interview Record
3.3.4 CSM Bakery Solutions Icings Business Overview
3.3.5 CSM Bakery Solutions Icings Product Specification
3.4 Pinnacle Foods Icings Business Introduction
3.5 Wilton Industries Icings Business Introduction
3.6 Dawn Food Icings Business Introduction
SECTION 4 GLOBAL ICINGS MARKET SEGMENTATION (REGION LEVEL)
4.1 North America Country
4.1.1 United States Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.1.2 Canada Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.2 South America Country
4.2.1 South America Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.3 Asia Country
4.3.1 China Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.3.2 Japan Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.3.3 India Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.3.4 Korea Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.4 Europe Country
4.4.1 Germany Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.4.2 UK Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.4.3 France Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.4.4 Italy Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.4.5 Europe Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.5 Other Country and Region
4.5.1 Middle East Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.5.2 Africa Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.5.3 GCC Icings Market Size and Price Analysis 2015-2020
4.6 Global Icings Market Segmentation (Region Level) Analysis 2015-2020
4.7 Global Icings Market Segmentation (Region Level) Analysis
SECTION 5 GLOBAL ICINGS MARKET SEGMENTATION (PRODUCT TYPE LEVEL)
5.1 Global Icings Market Segmentation (Product Type Level) Market Size 2015-2020
5.2 Different Icings Product Type Price 2015-2020
5.3 Global Icings Market Segmentation (Product Type Level) Analysis
SECTION 6 GLOBAL ICINGS MARKET SEGMENTATION (INDUSTRY LEVEL)
6.1 Global Icings Market Segmentation (Industry Level) Market Size 2015-2020
6.2 Different Industry Price 2015-2020
6.3 Global Icings Market Segmentation (Industry Level) Analysis
SECTION 7 GLOBAL ICINGS MARKET SEGMENTATION (CHANNEL LEVEL)
7.1 Global Icings Market Segmentation (Channel Level) Sales Volume and Share 2015-2020
7.2 Global Icings Market Segmentation (Channel Level) Analysis
SECTION 8 ICINGS MARKET FORECAST 2020-2025
8.1 Icings Segmentation Market Forecast (Region Level)
8.2 Icings Segmentation Market Forecast (Product Type Level)
8.3 Icings Segmentation Market Forecast (Industry Level)
8.4 Icings Segmentation Market Forecast (Channel Level)
SECTION 9 ICINGS SEGMENTATION PRODUCT TYPE
9.1 Cakes Icing Product Introduction
9.2 Cookies Icing Product Introduction
SECTION 10 ICINGS SEGMENTATION INDUSTRY
10.1 Bakery Clients
10.2 Restaurant Clients
10.3 Family Clients
SECTION 11 ICINGS COST OF PRODUCTION ANALYSIS
11.1 Raw Material Cost Analysis
11.2 Technology Cost Analysis
11.3 Labor Cost Analysis
11.4 Cost Overview
SECTION 12 CONCLUSION
CHART AND FIGURE
Figure Icings Product Picture from Rich Product
Chart 2015-2020 Global Manufacturer Icings Shipments (Units)
Chart 2015-2020 Global Manufacturer Icings Shipments Share
Chart 2015-2020 Global Manufacturer Icings Business Revenue (Million USD)
Chart 2015-2020 Global Manufacturer Icings Business Revenue Share
Chart Rich Product Icings Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2015-2020
Chart Rich Product Icings Business Distribution
Chart Rich Product Interview Record (Partly)
Figure Rich Product Icings Product Picture
Chart Rich Product Icings Business Profile
Table Rich Product Icings Product Specification
Chart Betty Crocker Icings Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2015-2020
Chart Betty Crocker Icings Business Distribution
Chart Betty Crocker Interview Record (Partly)
Figure Betty Crocker Icings Product Picture
Chart Betty Crocker Icings Business Overview
Table Betty Crocker Icings Product Specification
Chart CSM Bakery Solutions Icings Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2015-2020
Chart CSM Bakery Solutions Icings Business Distribution
Chart CSM Bakery Solutions Interview Record (Partly)
Figure CSM Bakery Solutions Icings Product Picture
Chart CSM Bakery Solutions Icings Business Overview
Table CSM Bakery Solutions Icings Product Specification
3.4 Pinnacle Foods Icings Business Introduction
Chart United States Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart United States Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart Canada Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart Canada Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart South America Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart South America Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart China Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart China Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart Japan Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart Japan Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart India Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart India Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart Korea Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart Korea Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart Germany Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart Germany Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart UK Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart UK Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart France Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart France Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart Italy Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart Italy Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart Europe Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart Europe Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart Middle East Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart Middle East Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart Africa Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart Africa Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart GCC Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart GCC Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart Global Icings Market Segmentation (Region Level) Sales Volume 2015-2020
Chart Global Icings Market Segmentation (Region Level) Market size 2015-2020
Chart Icings Market Segmentation (Product Type Level) Volume (Units) 2015-2020
Chart Icings Market Segmentation (Product Type Level) Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart Different Icings Product Type Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart Icings Market Segmentation (Industry Level) Market Size (Volume) 2015-2020
Chart Icings Market Segmentation (Industry Level) Market Size (Share) 2015-2020
Chart Icings Market Segmentation (Industry Level) Market Size (Value) 2015-2020
Chart Global Icings Market Segmentation (Channel Level) Sales Volume (Units) 2015-2020
Chart Global Icings Market Segmentation (Channel Level) Share 2015-2020
Chart Icings Segmentation Market Forecast (Region Level) 2020-2025
Chart Icings Segmentation Market Forecast (Product Type Level) 2020-2025
Chart Icings Segmentation Market Forecast (Industry Level) 2020-2025
Chart Icings Segmentation Market Forecast (Channel Level) 2020-2025
Chart Cakes Icing Product Figure
Chart Cakes Icing Product Advantage and Disadvantage Comparison
Chart Cookies Icing Product Figure
Chart Cookies Icing Product Advantage and Disadvantage Comparison
Chart Bakery Clients
Chart Restaurant Clients
Chart Family Clients
Figure Icings Product Picture from Rich Product
Chart 2015-2020 Global Manufacturer Icings Shipments (Units)
Chart 2015-2020 Global Manufacturer Icings Shipments Share
Chart 2015-2020 Global Manufacturer Icings Business Revenue (Million USD)
Chart 2015-2020 Global Manufacturer Icings Business Revenue Share
Chart Rich Product Icings Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2015-2020
Chart Rich Product Icings Business Distribution
Chart Rich Product Interview Record (Partly)
Figure Rich Product Icings Product Picture
Chart Rich Product Icings Business Profile
Table Rich Product Icings Product Specification
Chart Betty Crocker Icings Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2015-2020
Chart Betty Crocker Icings Business Distribution
Chart Betty Crocker Interview Record (Partly)
Figure Betty Crocker Icings Product Picture
Chart Betty Crocker Icings Business Overview
Table Betty Crocker Icings Product Specification
Chart CSM Bakery Solutions Icings Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2015-2020
Chart CSM Bakery Solutions Icings Business Distribution
Chart CSM Bakery Solutions Interview Record (Partly)
Figure CSM Bakery Solutions Icings Product Picture
Chart CSM Bakery Solutions Icings Business Overview
Table CSM Bakery Solutions Icings Product Specification
3.4 Pinnacle Foods Icings Business Introduction
Chart United States Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart United States Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart Canada Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart Canada Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart South America Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart South America Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart China Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart China Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart Japan Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart Japan Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart India Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart India Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart Korea Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart Korea Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart Germany Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart Germany Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart UK Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart UK Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart France Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart France Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart Italy Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart Italy Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart Europe Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart Europe Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart Middle East Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart Middle East Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart Africa Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart Africa Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart GCC Icings Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart GCC Icings Sales Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart Global Icings Market Segmentation (Region Level) Sales Volume 2015-2020
Chart Global Icings Market Segmentation (Region Level) Market size 2015-2020
Chart Icings Market Segmentation (Product Type Level) Volume (Units) 2015-2020
Chart Icings Market Segmentation (Product Type Level) Market Size (Million $) 2015-2020
Chart Different Icings Product Type Price ($/Unit) 2015-2020
Chart Icings Market Segmentation (Industry Level) Market Size (Volume) 2015-2020
Chart Icings Market Segmentation (Industry Level) Market Size (Share) 2015-2020
Chart Icings Market Segmentation (Industry Level) Market Size (Value) 2015-2020
Chart Global Icings Market Segmentation (Channel Level) Sales Volume (Units) 2015-2020
Chart Global Icings Market Segmentation (Channel Level) Share 2015-2020
Chart Icings Segmentation Market Forecast (Region Level) 2020-2025
Chart Icings Segmentation Market Forecast (Product Type Level) 2020-2025
Chart Icings Segmentation Market Forecast (Industry Level) 2020-2025
Chart Icings Segmentation Market Forecast (Channel Level) 2020-2025
Chart Cakes Icing Product Figure
Chart Cakes Icing Product Advantage and Disadvantage Comparison
Chart Cookies Icing Product Figure
Chart Cookies Icing Product Advantage and Disadvantage Comparison
Chart Bakery Clients
Chart Restaurant Clients
Chart Family Clients
