Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Market Research Report 2016

September 2016 | 117 pages | ID: G637635BDBCEN
QYResearch

Abstracts

Notes:

Production, means the output of Automotive Driver Assistance Systems

Revenue, means the sales value of Automotive Driver Assistance Systems

This report studies Automotive Driver Assistance Systems in Global market, especially in North America, Europe, China, Japan, Southeast Asia and India, focuses on top manufacturers in global market, with production, price, revenue and market share for each manufacturer, covering

• Bendix CVS
• Delphi Automotive LLP
• Denso
• Ficosa International, S.A.
• Freescale Semiconductor
• Navteq
• Valeo SA
• Visteon Corporation
• CTS Corporation
• Gentex
• Harman
• Magna International Inc.
• Mando
• Mobileye
• Omron Corporation
• Tung Thih Electronic

Market Segment by Regions, this report splits Global into several key Regions, with production, consumption, revenue, market share and growth rate of Automotive Driver Assistance Systems in these regions, from 2011 to 2021 (forecast), like

• North America
• Europe
• China
• Japan
• Southeast Asia
• India

Split by product type, with production, revenue, price, market share and growth rate of each type, can be divided into

• Adaptive cruise control
• Blind spot detection systems
• Head-up display
• Lane departure warning systems

Split by application, this report focuses on consumption, market share and growth rate of Automotive Driver Assistance Systems in each application, can be divided into

• Application 1
• Application 2
• Application 3

Contents

Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Market Research Report 2016

1 AUTOMOTIVE DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS MARKET OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Automotive Driver Assistance Systems
1.2 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Segment by Type
  1.2.1 Global Production Market Share of Automotive Driver Assistance Systems by Type in 2015
  1.2.2 Adaptive cruise control
  1.2.3 Blind spot detection systems
  1.2.4 Head-up display
  1.2.5 Lane departure warning systems
1.3 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Segment by Application
  1.3.1 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Consumption Market Share by Application in 2015
  1.3.2 Application
  1.3.3 Application
  1.3.4 Application
1.4 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Market by Region
  1.4.1 North America Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.2 Europe Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.3 China Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.4 Japan Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.5 Southeast Asia Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.6 India Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
1.5 Global Market Size (Value) of Automotive Driver Assistance Systems (2011-2021)

2 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS MARKET COMPETITION BY MANUFACTURERS

2.1 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.2 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.3 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Average Price by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.4 Manufacturers Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Manufacturing Base Distribution, Sales Area and Product Type
2.5 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Market Competitive Situation and Trends
  2.5.1 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Market Concentration Rate
  2.5.2 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Market Share of Top 3 and Top 5 Manufacturers
  2.5.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

3 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS PRODUCTION, REVENUE (VALUE) BY REGION (2011-2016)

3.1 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production by Region (2011-2016)
3.2 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production Market Share by Region (2011-2016)
3.3 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Revenue (Value) and Market Share by Region (2011-2016)
3.4 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
3.5 North America Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
3.6 Europe Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
3.7 China Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
3.8 Japan Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
3.9 Southeast Asia Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
3.10 India Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)

4 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS SUPPLY (PRODUCTION), CONSUMPTION, EXPORT, IMPORT BY REGIONS (2011-2016)

4.1 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Consumption by Regions (2011-2016)
4.2 North America Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2011-2016)
4.3 Europe Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2011-2016)
4.4 China Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2011-2016)
4.5 Japan Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2011-2016)
4.6 Southeast Asia Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2011-2016)
4.7 India Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2011-2016)

5 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS PRODUCTION, REVENUE (VALUE), PRICE TREND BY TYPE

5.1 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production and Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
5.2 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Revenue and Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
5.3 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Price by Type (2011-2016)
5.4 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production Growth by Type (2011-2016)

6 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS MARKET ANALYSIS BY APPLICATION

6.1 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Consumption and Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
6.2 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2011-2016)
6.3 Market Drivers and Opportunities
  6.3.1 Potential Applications
  6.3.2 Emerging Markets/Countries

7 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS MANUFACTURERS PROFILES/ANALYSIS

7.1 Bendix CVS
  7.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.1.2 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.1.2.1 Type I
    7.1.2.2 Type II
  7.1.3 Bendix CVS Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.2 Delphi Automotive LLP
  7.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.2.2 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.2.2.1 Type I
    7.2.2.2 Type II
  7.2.3 Delphi Automotive LLP Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.3 Denso
  7.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.3.2 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.3.2.1 Type I
    7.3.2.2 Type II
  7.3.3 Denso Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.4 Ficosa International, S.A.
  7.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.4.2 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.4.2.1 Type I
    7.4.2.2 Type II
  7.4.3 Ficosa International, S.A. Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.5 Freescale Semiconductor
  7.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.5.2 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.5.2.1 Type I
    7.5.2.2 Type II
  7.5.3 Freescale Semiconductor Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.6 Navteq
  7.6.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.6.2 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.6.2.1 Type I
    7.6.2.2 Type II
  7.6.3 Navteq Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.6.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.7 Valeo SA
  7.7.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.7.2 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.7.2.1 Type I
    7.7.2.2 Type II
  7.7.3 Valeo SA Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.7.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.8 Visteon Corporation
  7.8.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.8.2 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.8.2.1 Type I
    7.8.2.2 Type II
  7.8.3 Visteon Corporation Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.8.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.9 CTS Corporation
  7.9.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.9.2 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.9.2.1 Type I
    7.9.2.2 Type II
  7.9.3 CTS Corporation Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.9.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.10 Gentex
  7.10.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.10.2 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.10.2.1 Type I
    7.10.2.2 Type II
  7.10.3 Gentex Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.10.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.11 Harman
7.12 Magna International Inc.
7.13 Mando
7.14 Mobileye
7.15 Omron Corporation
7.16 Tung Thih Electronic

8 AUTOMOTIVE DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS MANUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

8.1 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Key Raw Materials Analysis
  8.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  8.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  8.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  8.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
8.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  8.2.1 Raw Materials
  8.2.2 Labor Cost
  8.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
8.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Automotive Driver Assistance Systems

9 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

9.1 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Industrial Chain Analysis
9.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
9.3 Raw Materials Sources of Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Major Manufacturers in 2015
9.4 Downstream Buyers

10 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

10.1 Marketing Channel
  10.1.1 Direct Marketing
  10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  10.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
10.2 Market Positioning
  10.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  10.2.2 Brand Strategy
  10.2.3 Target Client
10.3 Distributors/Traders List

11 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

11.1 Technology Progress/Risk
  11.1.1 Substitutes Threat
  11.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
11.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
11.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

12 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS MARKET FORECAST (2016-2021)

12.1 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue Forecast (2016-2021)
12.2 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Consumption Forecast by Regions (2016-2021)
12.3 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production Forecast by Type (2016-2021)
12.4 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Consumption Forecast by Application (2016-2021)
12.5 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Price Forecast (2016-2021)

13 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

14 APPENDIX

Author List
Disclosure Section
Research Methodology
Data Source
China Disclaimer

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Picture of Automotive Driver Assistance Systems
Figure Global Production Market Share of Automotive Driver Assistance Systems by Type in 2015
Figure Product Picture of Adaptive cruise control
Table Major Manufacturers of Adaptive cruise control
Figure Product Picture of Blind spot detection systems
Table Major Manufacturers of Blind spot detection systems
Figure Product Picture of Head-up display
Table Major Manufacturers of Head-up display
Figure Product Picture of Lane departure warning systems
Table Major Manufacturers of Lane departure warning systems
Table Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Consumption Market Share by Application in 2015
Figure Application 1 Examples
Figure Application 2 Examples
Figure Application 3 Examples
Figure North America Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Europe Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure China Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Japan Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Southeast Asia Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure India Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Revenue (Million UDS) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Capacity of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Capacity Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Capacity of Key Manufacturers in 2015
Figure Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Capacity of Key Manufacturers in 2016
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure 2015 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production Share by Manufacturers
Figure 2016 Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production Share by Manufacturers
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Revenue (Million USD) by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table 2015 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table 2016 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table Global Market Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Average Price of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure Global Market Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Average Price of Key Manufacturers in 2015
Table Manufacturers Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area
Table Manufacturers Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Product Type
Figure Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Market Share of Top 3 Manufacturers
Figure Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Market Share of Top 5 Manufacturers
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Capacity by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Capacity Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Capacity Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure 2015 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Capacity Market Share by Regions
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production and Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure 2015 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production Market Share by Regions
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Revenue by Regions (2011-2016)
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Revenue Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Table 2015 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Revenue Market Share by Regions
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table North America Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Europe Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table China Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Japan Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Southeast Asia Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table India Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Consumption Market by Regions (2011-2016)
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Consumption Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Consumption Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure 2015 Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Consumption Market Share by Regions
Table North America Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2011-2016)
Table Europe Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2011-2016)
Table China Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2011-2016)
Table Japan Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2011-2016)
Table Southeast Asia Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2011-2016)
Table India Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2011-2016)
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production by Type (2011-2016)
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production Share by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Production Market Share of Automotive Driver Assistance Systems by Type (2011-2016)
Figure 2015 Production Market Share of Automotive Driver Assistance Systems by Type
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Revenue by Type (2011-2016)
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Revenue Share by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Production Revenue Share of Automotive Driver Assistance Systems by Type (2011-2016)
Figure 2015 Revenue Market Share of Automotive Driver Assistance Systems by Type
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Price by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production Growth by Type (2011-2016)
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Consumption by Application (2011-2016)
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Consumption Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
Figure Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Consumption Market Share by Application in 2015
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2011-2016)
Figure Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2011-2016)
Table Bendix CVS Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Bendix CVS Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Bendix CVS Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Delphi Automotive LLP Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Delphi Automotive LLP Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Delphi Automotive LLP Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Denso Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Denso Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Denso Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Ficosa International, S.A. Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Ficosa International, S.A. Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Ficosa International, S.A. Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Freescale Semiconductor Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Freescale Semiconductor Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Freescale Semiconductor Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Navteq Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Navteq Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Navteq Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Valeo SA Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Valeo SA Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Valeo SA Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Visteon Corporation Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Visteon Corporation Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Visteon Corporation Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Market Share (2011-2016)
Table CTS Corporation Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table CTS Corporation Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure CTS Corporation Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Gentex Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Gentex Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Gentex Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Automotive Driver Assistance Systems
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Automotive Driver Assistance Systems
Figure Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Major Manufacturers in 2015
Table Major Buyers of Automotive Driver Assistance Systems
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Figure Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production Forecast by Regions (2016-2021)
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Consumption Forecast by Regions (2016-2021)
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Production Forecast by Type (2016-2021)
Table Global Automotive Driver Assistance Systems Consumption Forecast by Application (2016-2021)