Global Automotive Door Latch Market Research Report 2017

January 2017 | 122 pages | ID: G3E08570558EN
QYResearch

Abstracts

Notes:

Production, means the output of Automotive Door Latch

Revenue, means the sales value of Automotive Door Latch

This report studies Automotive Door Latch in Global market, especially in North America, Europe, China, Japan, Southeast Asia and India, focuses on top manufacturers in global market, with capacity, production, price, revenue and market share for each manufacturer, covering

• Kiekert
• WITTE
• Brose
• Magna
• Strattec
• GECOM Corporation
• Mitsui Kinzoku
• Aisin MFG.Illinois
• Magal Engineering
• IFB Automotive Private Limited

Market Segment by Regions, this report splits Global into several key Regions, with production, consumption, revenue, market share and growth rate of Automotive Door Latch in these regions, from 2011 to 2021 (forecast), like

• North America
• Europe
• China
• Japan
• Southeast Asia
• India

Split by product type, with production, revenue, price, market share and growth rate of each type, can be divided into

• Side Door Latches
• Sliding Door Latches
• Liftgate Latches
• Back Door Latches

Split by application, this report focuses on consumption, market share and growth rate of Automotive Door Latch in each application, can be divided into

• Passenger Vehicles
• Commercial Vehicles

Contents

Global Automotive Door Latch Market Research Report 2017

1 AUTOMOTIVE DOOR LATCH MARKET OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Automotive Door Latch
1.2 Automotive Door Latch Segment by Type
  1.2.1 Global Production Market Share of Automotive Door Latch by Type in 2015
  1.2.2 Side Door Latches
  1.2.3 Sliding Door Latches
  1.2.4 Liftgate Latches
  1.2.5 Back Door Latches
1.3 Automotive Door Latch Segment by Application
  1.3.1 Automotive Door Latch Consumption Market Share by Application in 2015
  1.3.2 Passenger Vehicles
  1.3.3 Commercial Vehicles
  1.3.4 Application
1.4 Automotive Door Latch Market by Region
  1.4.1 North America Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.2 Europe Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.3 China Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.4 Japan Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.5 Southeast Asia Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.6 India Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
1.5 Global Market Size (Value) of Automotive Door Latch (2012-2022)

2 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE DOOR LATCH MARKET COMPETITION BY MANUFACTURERS

2.1 Global Automotive Door Latch Production and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.2 Global Automotive Door Latch Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.3 Global Automotive Door Latch Average Price by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.4 Manufacturers Automotive Door Latch Manufacturing Base Distribution, Sales Area and Product Type
2.5 Automotive Door Latch Market Competitive Situation and Trends
  2.5.1 Automotive Door Latch Market Concentration Rate
  2.5.2 Automotive Door Latch Market Share of Top 3 and Top 5 Manufacturers
  2.5.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

3 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE DOOR LATCH PRODUCTION, REVENUE (VALUE) BY REGION (2012-2017)

3.1 Global Automotive Door Latch Production by Region (2012-2017)
3.2 Global Automotive Door Latch Production Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
3.3 Global Automotive Door Latch Revenue (Value) and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
3.4 Global Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
3.5 North America Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
3.6 Europe Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
3.7 China Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
3.8 Japan Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
3.9 Southeast Asia Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
3.10 India Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

4 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE DOOR LATCH SUPPLY (PRODUCTION), CONSUMPTION, EXPORT, IMPORT BY REGIONS (2012-2017)

4.1 Global Automotive Door Latch Consumption by Regions (2012-2017)
4.2 North America Automotive Door Latch Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)
4.3 Europe Automotive Door Latch Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)
4.4 China Automotive Door Latch Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)
4.5 Japan Automotive Door Latch Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)
4.6 Southeast Asia Automotive Door Latch Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)
4.7 India Automotive Door Latch Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)

5 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE DOOR LATCH PRODUCTION, REVENUE (VALUE), PRICE TREND BY TYPE

5.1 Global Automotive Door Latch Production and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
5.2 Global Automotive Door Latch Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
5.3 Global Automotive Door Latch Price by Type (2012-2017)
5.4 Global Automotive Door Latch Production Growth by Type (2012-2017)

6 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE DOOR LATCH MARKET ANALYSIS BY APPLICATION

6.1 Global Automotive Door Latch Consumption and Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
6.2 Global Automotive Door Latch Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
6.3 Market Drivers and Opportunities
  6.3.1 Potential Applications
  6.3.2 Emerging Markets/Countries

7 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE DOOR LATCH MANUFACTURERS PROFILES/ANALYSIS

7.1 Kiekert
  7.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.1.2 Automotive Door Latch Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.1.2.1 Side Door Latches
    7.1.2.2 Sliding Door Latches
  7.1.3 Kiekert Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.2 WITTE
  7.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.2.2 Automotive Door Latch Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.2.2.1 Side Door Latches
    7.2.2.2 Sliding Door Latches
  7.2.3 WITTE Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.3 Brose
  7.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.3.2 Automotive Door Latch Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.3.2.1 Side Door Latches
    7.3.2.2 Sliding Door Latches
  7.3.3 Brose Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.4 Magna
  7.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.4.2 Automotive Door Latch Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.4.2.1 Side Door Latches
    7.4.2.2 Sliding Door Latches
  7.4.3 Magna Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.5 Strattec
  7.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.5.2 Automotive Door Latch Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.5.2.1 Side Door Latches
    7.5.2.2 Sliding Door Latches
  7.5.3 Strattec Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.6 GECOM Corporation
  7.6.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.6.2 Automotive Door Latch Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.6.2.1 Side Door Latches
    7.6.2.2 Sliding Door Latches
  7.6.3 GECOM Corporation Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.6.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.7 Mitsui Kinzoku
  7.7.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.7.2 Automotive Door Latch Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.7.2.1 Side Door Latches
    7.7.2.2 Sliding Door Latches
  7.7.3 Mitsui Kinzoku Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.7.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.8 Aisin MFG.Illinois
  7.8.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.8.2 Automotive Door Latch Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.8.2.1 Side Door Latches
    7.8.2.2 Sliding Door Latches
  7.8.3 Aisin MFG.Illinois Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.8.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.9 Magal Engineering
  7.9.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.9.2 Automotive Door Latch Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.9.2.1 Side Door Latches
    7.9.2.2 Sliding Door Latches
  7.9.3 Magal Engineering Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.9.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.10 IFB Automotive Private Limited
  7.10.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.10.2 Automotive Door Latch Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.10.2.1 Side Door Latches
    7.10.2.2 Sliding Door Latches
  7.10.3 IFB Automotive Private Limited Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.10.4 Main Business/Business Overview

8 AUTOMOTIVE DOOR LATCH MANUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

8.1 Automotive Door Latch Key Raw Materials Analysis
  8.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  8.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  8.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  8.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
8.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  8.2.1 Raw Materials
  8.2.2 Labor Cost
  8.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
8.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Automotive Door Latch

9 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

9.1 Automotive Door Latch Industrial Chain Analysis
9.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
9.3 Raw Materials Sources of Automotive Door Latch Major Manufacturers in 2015
9.4 Downstream Buyers

10 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

10.1 Marketing Channel
  10.1.1 Direct Marketing
  10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  10.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
10.2 Market Positioning
  10.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  10.2.2 Brand Strategy
  10.2.3 Target Client
10.3 Distributors/Traders List

11 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

11.1 Technology Progress/Risk
  11.1.1 Substitutes Threat
  11.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
11.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
11.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

12 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE DOOR LATCH MARKET FORECAST (2017-2022)

12.1 Global Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue and Price Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.1.1 Global Automotive Door Latch Production and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.1.2 Global Automotive Door Latch Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.1.3 Global Automotive Door Latch Price and Trend Forecast (2017-2022)
12.2 Global Automotive Door Latch Production, Consumption, Import and Export Forecast by Regions (2017-2022)
  12.2.1 North America Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.2.2 Europe Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.2.3 China Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.2.4 Japan Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.2.5 Southeast Asia Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.2.6 India Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
12.3 Global Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue and Price Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
12.4 Global Automotive Door Latch Consumption Forecast by Application (2017-2022)

13 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

14 APPENDIX

Methodology
Analyst Introduction
Data Source

The report requires updating with new data and is sent in 2-3 business days after order is placed.

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Picture of Automotive Door Latch
Figure Global Production Market Share of Automotive Door Latch by Type in 2015
Figure Product Picture of Side Door Latches
Table Major Manufacturers of Side Door Latches
Figure Product Picture of Sliding Door Latches
Table Major Manufacturers of Sliding Door Latches
Figure Product Picture of Liftgate Latches
Table Major Manufacturers of Liftgate Latches
Figure Product Picture of Back Door Latches
Table Major Manufacturers of Back Door Latches
Table Automotive Door Latch Consumption Market Share by Application in 2015
Figure Passenger Vehicles Examples
Figure Commercial Vehicles Examples
Figure North America Automotive Door Latch Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Europe Automotive Door Latch Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure China Automotive Door Latch Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Japan Automotive Door Latch Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Southeast Asia Automotive Door Latch Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure India Automotive Door Latch Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Global Automotive Door Latch Revenue (Million UDS) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Capacity of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Capacity Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure Global Automotive Door Latch Capacity of Key Manufacturers in 2015
Figure Global Automotive Door Latch Capacity of Key Manufacturers in 2016
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Production of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Production Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure 2015 Automotive Door Latch Production Share by Manufacturers
Figure 2016 Automotive Door Latch Production Share by Manufacturers
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Revenue (Million USD) by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table 2015 Global Automotive Door Latch Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table 2016 Global Automotive Door Latch Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table Global Market Automotive Door Latch Average Price of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure Global Market Automotive Door Latch Average Price of Key Manufacturers in 2015
Table Manufacturers Automotive Door Latch Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area
Table Manufacturers Automotive Door Latch Product Type
Figure Automotive Door Latch Market Share of Top 3 Manufacturers
Figure Automotive Door Latch Market Share of Top 5 Manufacturers
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Capacity by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure Global Automotive Door Latch Capacity Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure Global Automotive Door Latch Capacity Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure 2015 Global Automotive Door Latch Capacity Market Share by Regions
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Production by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure Global Automotive Door Latch Production and Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure Global Automotive Door Latch Production Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure 2015 Global Automotive Door Latch Production Market Share by Regions
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Revenue by Regions (2012-2017)
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Revenue Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Table 2015 Global Automotive Door Latch Revenue Market Share by Regions
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table North America Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Europe Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table China Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Japan Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Southeast Asia Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table India Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Consumption Market by Regions (2012-2017)
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Consumption Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure Global Automotive Door Latch Consumption Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure 2015 Global Automotive Door Latch Consumption Market Share by Regions
Table North America Automotive Door Latch Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2012-2017)
Table Europe Automotive Door Latch Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2012-2017)
Table China Automotive Door Latch Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2012-2017)
Table Japan Automotive Door Latch Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2012-2017)
Table Southeast Asia Automotive Door Latch Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2012-2017)
Table India Automotive Door Latch Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2012-2017)
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Production by Type (2012-2017)
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Production Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Production Market Share of Automotive Door Latch by Type (2012-2017)
Figure 2015 Production Market Share of Automotive Door Latch by Type
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Revenue by Type (2012-2017)
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Revenue Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Production Revenue Share of Automotive Door Latch by Type (2012-2017)
Figure 2015 Revenue Market Share of Automotive Door Latch by Type
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Price by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Global Automotive Door Latch Production Growth by Type (2012-2017)
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Consumption by Application (2012-2017)
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Consumption Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Global Automotive Door Latch Consumption Market Share by Application in 2015
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Global Automotive Door Latch Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
Table Kiekert Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Kiekert Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Kiekert Automotive Door Latch Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table WITTE Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table WITTE Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure WITTE Automotive Door Latch Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Brose Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Brose Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Brose Automotive Door Latch Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Magna Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Magna Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Magna Automotive Door Latch Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Strattec Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Strattec Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Strattec Automotive Door Latch Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table GECOM Corporation Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table GECOM Corporation Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure GECOM Corporation Automotive Door Latch Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Mitsui Kinzoku Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Mitsui Kinzoku Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Mitsui Kinzoku Automotive Door Latch Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Aisin MFG.Illinois Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Aisin MFG.Illinois Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Aisin MFG.Illinois Automotive Door Latch Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Magal Engineering Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Magal Engineering Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Magal Engineering Automotive Door Latch Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table IFB Automotive Private Limited Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table IFB Automotive Private Limited Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure IFB Automotive Private Limited Automotive Door Latch Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Automotive Door Latch
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Automotive Door Latch
Figure Automotive Door Latch Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Automotive Door Latch Major Manufacturers in 2015
Table Major Buyers of Automotive Door Latch
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure Global Automotive Door Latch Production and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Global Automotive Door Latch Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Global Automotive Door Latch Price and Trend Forecast (2017-2022)
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Production Forecast by Regions (2017-2022)
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Consumption Forecast by Regions (2017-2022)
Figure North America Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Table North America Automotive Door Latch Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Europe Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Table Europe Automotive Door Latch Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure China Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Table China Automotive Door Latch Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Japan Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Table Japan Automotive Door Latch Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Southeast Asia Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Table Southeast Asia Automotive Door Latch Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure India Automotive Door Latch Production, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Table India Automotive Door Latch Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Production Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Revenue Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Price Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
Table Global Automotive Door Latch Consumption Forecast by Application (2017-2022)