Europe Leather Car Seat Market Research Report Forecast 2017-2021

May 2017 | 118 pages | ID: E0813107945EN
S&P Consulting

Abstracts

The Europe Leather Car Seat Market Research Report Forecast 2017-2021 is a valuable source of insightful data for business strategists. It provides the Leather Car Seat industry overview with growth analysis and historical & futuristic cost, revenue, demand and supply data (as applicable). The research analysts provide an elaborate description of the value chain and its distributor analysis. This Leather Car Seat market study provides comprehensive data which enhances the understanding, scope and application of this report.

This report provides comprehensive analysis of

Key market segments and sub-segments
Evolving market trends and dynamics
Changing supply and demand scenarios
Quantifying market opportunities through market sizing and market forecasting
Tracking current trends/opportunities/challenges
Competitive insights
Opportunity mapping in terms of technological breakthroughs

Europe Leather Car Seat Market Analysis by Countries:

Germany
France
UK
Russia
Italy
Spain
Benelux

The Major players reported in the market include:

PotashCorp
OCP
Anglo American
Ecophos
TIMAB
Vale Fertilizers
J.R. Simplot Company
KEMAPCO
Innophos

Europe Leather Car Seat Market Analysis by Product:

Feed Grade
Fertilizer grade
Food grade

Europe Leather Car Seat Market Analysis by Application:

Animal Feed Industry
Fertilizer Industry
Food Industry

Reasons for Buying this Report

• This report provides pin-point analysis for changing competitive dynamics
• It provides a forward looking perspective on different factors driving or restraining market growth
• It provides a six-year forecast assessed on the basis of how the market is predicted to grow
• It helps in understanding the key product segments and their future
• It provides pin point analysis of changing competition dynamics and keeps you ahead of competitors
• It helps in making informed business decisions by having complete insights of market and by making in-depth analysis of market segments

Contents

Europe Leather Car Seat Sales Market Report Forecast 2017-2021

1 LEATHER CAR SEAT MARKET OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Leather Car Seat
1.2 Classification of Leather Car Seat
  1.2.1 Feed Grade
  1.2.2 Fertilizer grade
  1.2.3 Food grade
1.3 Application of Leather Car Seat
  1.3.2 Animal Feed Industry
  1.3.3 Fertilizer Industry
  1.3.4 Food Industry
1.4 Leather Car Seat Market States Status and Prospect (2012-2021) by Countries
  1.4.1 Germany
  1.4.2 France
  1.4.3 UK
  1.4.4 Russia
  1.4.5 Italy
  1.4.6 Spain
  1.4.7 Benelux
1.5 Europe Market Size (Value and Volume) of Leather Car Seat (2012-2021)
  1.5.1 Europe Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
  1.5.2 Europe Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)

2 EUROPE ECONOMIC IMPACT ON LEATHER CAR SEAT INDUSTRY

2.1 Europe Macroeconomic Analysis
2.2 Europe Macroeconomic Environment Development Trend

3 LEATHER CAR SEAT MANUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

3.1 Leather Car Seat Key Raw Materials Analysis
  3.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  3.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  3.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  3.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
3.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  3.2.1 Raw Materials
  3.2.2 Labor Cost
  3.2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Leather Car Seat

4 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

4.1 Leather Car Seat Industrial Chain Analysis
4.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
4.3 Raw Materials Sources of Leather Car Seat Major Manufacturers in 2015
4.4 Downstream Buyers

5 EUROPE LEATHER CAR SEAT MARKET ANALYSIS BY MANUFACTURERS, TYPE AND APPLICATION

5.1 Europe Leather Car Seat Market Competition by Manufacturers
  5.1.1 Europe Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
  5.1.2 Europe Leather Car Seat Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
5.2 Europe Leather Car Seat (Volume and Value) by Type
  5.2.1 Europe Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
  5.2.2 Europe Leather Car Seat Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
5.3 Europe Leather Car Seat (Volume and Value) by Countries
  5.3.1 Europe Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)
  5.3.2 Europe Leather Car Seat Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)
5.4 Europe Leather Car Seat (Volume) by Application

6 GERMANY LEATHER CAR SEAT (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

6.1 Germany Leather Car Seat Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  6.1.1 Germany Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  6.1.2 Germany Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  6.1.3 Germany Leather Car Seat Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
6.2 Germany Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
6.3 Germany Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Type
6.4 Germany Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Application

7 FRANCE LEATHER CAR SEAT (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

7.1 France Leather Car Seat Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  7.1.1 France Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  7.1.2 France Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  7.1.3 France Leather Car Seat Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
7.2 France Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
7.3 France Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Type
7.4 France Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Application

8 UK LEATHER CAR SEAT (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

8.1 UK Leather Car Seat Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  8.1.1 UK Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  8.1.2 UK Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  8.1.3 UK Leather Car Seat Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
8.2 UK Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
8.3 UK Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Type
8.4 UK Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Application

9 RUSSIA LEATHER CAR SEAT (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

9.1 Russia Leather Car Seat Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  9.1.1 Russia Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  9.1.2 Russia Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  9.1.3 Russia Leather Car Seat Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
9.2 Russia Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
9.3 Russia Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Type
9.4 Russia Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Application

10 ITALY LEATHER CAR SEAT (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

10.1 Italy Leather Car Seat Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  10.1.1 Italy Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  10.1.2 Italy Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  10.1.3 Italy Leather Car Seat Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
10.2 Italy Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
10.3 Italy Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Type
10.4 Italy Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Application

11 SPAIN LEATHER CAR SEAT (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

11.1 Spain Leather Car Seat Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  11.1.1 Spain Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  11.1.2 Spain Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  11.1.3 Spain Leather Car Seat Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
11.2 Spain Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
11.3 Spain Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Type
11.4 Spain Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Application

12 BENELUX LEATHER CAR SEAT (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

12.1 Benelux Leather Car Seat Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  12.1.1 Benelux Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  12.1.2 Benelux Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  12.1.3 Benelux Leather Car Seat Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
12.2 Benelux Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
12.3 Benelux Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Type
12.4 Benelux Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Application

13 EUROPE LEATHER CAR SEAT MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS

13.1 PotashCorp
  13.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.1.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.1.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.1.4 Business Overview
13.2 OCP
  13.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.2.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.2.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.2.4 Business Overview
13.3 Anglo American
  13.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.3.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.3.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.3.4 Business Overview
13.4 Ecophos
  13.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.4.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.4.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.4.4 Business Overview
13.5 TIMAB
  13.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.5.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.5.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.5.4 Business Overview
13.6 Vale Fertilizers
  13.6.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.6.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.6.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.6.4 Business Overview
13.7 J.R. Simplot Company
  13.7.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.7.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.7.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.7.4 Business Overview
13.8 KEMAPCO
  13.8.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.8.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.8.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.8.4 Business Overview
13.9 Innophos
  13.9.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.9.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.9.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.9.4 Business Overview

13 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

13.1 Marketing Channel
  13.1.1 Direct Marketing
  13.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  13.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
13.2 Market Positioning
  13.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  13.2.2 Brand Strategy
  13.2.3 Target Client
13.3 Distributors/Traders List

14 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

14.1 Technology Progress/Risk
  14.1.1 Substitutes Threat
  14.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
14.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
14.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

15 EUROPE LEATHER CAR SEAT MARKET FORECAST (2017-2021)

15.1 Germany Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.2 France Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.3 UK Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.4 Russia Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.5 Italy Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.6 Spain Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.7 Benelux Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.8 Europe Leather Car Seat Market Forecast by Type (2017-2021)
15.9 Europe Leather Car Seat Market Forecast by Application (2017-2021)

16 APPENDIX

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Picture of Leather Car Seat
Table Classification of Leather Car Seat
Figure Europe Sales Market Share of Leather Car Seat by Type in 2015
Table Application of Leather Car Seat
Figure Europe Sales Market Share of Leather Car Seat by Application in 2015
Figure Germany Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure France Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure UK Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure Russia Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure Italy Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure Spain Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure Benelux Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure Europe Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure Europe Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Table Europe Leather Car Seat Sales of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Europe Leather Car Seat Sales Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure 2015 Leather Car Seat Sales Share by Manufacturers
Figure 2016 Leather Car Seat Sales Share by Manufacturers
Table Europe Leather Car Seat Revenue by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Europe Leather Car Seat Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table 2015 Europe Leather Car Seat Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table 2016 Europe Leather Car Seat Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table Europe Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
Table Europe Leather Car Seat Sales Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Sales Market Share of Leather Car Seat by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Europe Leather Car Seat Sales Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)
Table Europe Leather Car Seat Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
Table Europe Leather Car Seat Revenue Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Leather Car Seat by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Europe Leather Car Seat Revenue Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)
Table Europe Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)
Table Europe Leather Car Seat Sales Share by Countries (2012-2017)
Figure Sales Market Share of Leather Car Seat by Countries (2012-2017)
Table Europe Leather Car Seat Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)
Table Europe Leather Car Seat Revenue Share by Countries (2012-2017)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Leather Car Seat by Countries (2012-2017)
Table Europe Leather Car Seat Sales and Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
Table Europe Leather Car Seat Sales Share by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Sales Market Share of Leather Car Seat by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Germany Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Germany Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Germany Leather Car Seat Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table Germany Leather Car Seat Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Leather Car Seat Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Leather Car Seat Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Leather Car Seat Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Leather Car Seat Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Leather Car Seat Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure France Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure France Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure France Leather Car Seat Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table France Leather Car Seat Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table France Leather Car Seat Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table France Leather Car Seat Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table France Leather Car Seat Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table France Leather Car Seat Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table France Leather Car Seat Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure UK Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure UK Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure UK Leather Car Seat Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table UK Leather Car Seat Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Leather Car Seat Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Leather Car Seat Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Leather Car Seat Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Leather Car Seat Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Leather Car Seat Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure Russia Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Russia Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Russia Leather Car Seat Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table Russia Leather Car Seat Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Leather Car Seat Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Leather Car Seat Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Leather Car Seat Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Leather Car Seat Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Leather Car Seat Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure Italy Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Italy Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Italy Leather Car Seat Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table Italy Leather Car Seat Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Leather Car Seat Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Leather Car Seat Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Leather Car Seat Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Leather Car Seat Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Leather Car Seat Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure Spain Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Spain Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Spain Leather Car Seat Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table Spain Leather Car Seat Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Leather Car Seat Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Leather Car Seat Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Leather Car Seat Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Leather Car Seat Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Leather Car Seat Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure Benelux Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Benelux Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Benelux Leather Car Seat Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table Benelux Leather Car Seat Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Leather Car Seat Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Leather Car Seat Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Leather Car Seat Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Leather Car Seat Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Leather Car Seat Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table PotashCorp Basic Information List
Table PotashCorp Leather Car Seat Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure PotashCorp Leather Car Seat Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table OCP Basic Information List
Table OCP Leather Car Seat Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table OCP Leather Car Seat Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table Anglo American Basic Information List
Table Anglo American Leather Car Seat Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Anglo American Leather Car Seat Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table Ecophos Basic Information List
Table Ecophos Leather Car Seat Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Ecophos Leather Car Seat Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table TIMAB Basic Information List
Table TIMAB Leather Car Seat Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure TIMAB Leather Car Seat Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table Vale Fertilizers Basic Information List
Table Vale Fertilizers Leather Car Seat Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Vale Fertilizers Leather Car Seat Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table J.R. Simplot Company Basic Information List
Table J.R. Simplot Company Leather Car Seat Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure J.R. Simplot Company Leather Car Seat Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table KEMAPCO Basic Information List
Table KEMAPCO Leather Car Seat Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table KEMAPCO Leather Car Seat Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table Innophos Basic Information List
Table Innophos Leather Car Seat Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Innophos Leather Car Seat Sales Market Share (2012-2017).
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Leather Car Seat
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Leather Car Seat
Figure Leather Car Seat Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Leather Car Seat Major Manufacturers in 2015
Table Major Buyers of Leather Car Seat
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure Germany Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Germany Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure France Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure France Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure UK Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure UK Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Russia Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Russia Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Italy Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Italy Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Spain Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Spain Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Benelux Leather Car Seat Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Benelux Leather Car Seat Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Table Europe Leather Car Seat Sales Forecast by Type (2017-2021)
Table Europe Leather Car Seat Sales Forecast by Application (2017-2021)

COMPANIES MENTIONED

PotashCorp, OCP, Anglo American, Ecophos, TIMAB, Vale Fertilizers, J.R. Simplot Company, KEMAPCO, Innophos, Lomon Group, Jindi Chemical, Yunnan Copper Shengwei Chemical, Lu Feng Tian Bao, Sanjia, Yunnan Xinlong, Kunming Chuan Jin Nuo Chemical, Sinochem Yunlong, Mianzhu Panlong Mineral, Guizhou CP Group, Sichuan Hongda