Ophthalmic Drugs Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report By Drug Class (Steroidal drugs, Anti-VEGF Agents), By Disease, By Dosage Form, By Route of Administration, By Product Type, By Drug Type, By Region, And Segment Forecasts, 2025 - 2030

February 2025 | 150 pages | ID: O5F00C3269BEN
Grand View Research, Inc.

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Ophthalmic Drugs Market Growth & Trends
The global ophthalmic drugs market size is expected t%li%reach USD 62.08 billion by 2030, garnering a CAGR of 8.5% from 2025 t%li%2030, according t%li%a new report by Grand View Research, Inc. The rising awareness about ophthalmic disorders and the surge in demand for ophthalmic drugs are the factors propelling the market growth. Moreover, an increase in the prevalence of eye diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, cataract, dry eye, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and others are anticipated t%li%boost the demand for ophthalmic drugs.
According t%li%BrightFocus Foundation in 2021, it is estimated that over 3 million Americans are living with glaucoma, and, among them over 2.7 million patients were affected by the most common type of glaucoma i.e. open-angle glaucoma. Moreover, 3.3 million people are affected by blindness and low vision in the U.S. Some of the major risk factors for glaucoma and blindness are, higher age, family history, thin cornea, and high eye pressure. This creates a wide population base for ophthalmic drugs, thereby, ensuring lucrative growth.
Furthermore, ocular therapeutic and drug delivery companies are receiving funding t%li%expedite R&D for advancements in technologies t%li%develop novel drugs, which is likely t%li%fuel market growth. For instance, in June 2020, Re-Vana Therapeutics received USD 3.25 million in pre-series A funding from Qubis, ExSight Ventures, LLC, Clarendon Fund Managers, Visionary Ventures, and Techstart Ventures LLP. The funding is expected t%li%boost the development of Re-Vana Therapeutics’ EyeLief & OcuLief biodegradable technologies that can be used for a small molecule as well as biologics delivery.
Moreover, the rising geriatric population is the key driver for the ophthalmic drugs market growth. According t%li%Safe Eyes America, the most common risk factors for ophthalmic diseases are high age, family history, diabetes, and high blood pressure. For instance, as per AMERICA’s HEALTH RANKINGS senior report 2021 it was estimated that more than 54 million adults of age more than 65 live in the U.S., and that population accounted for 16.5% of the total population. According t%li%Macular Degeneration Research AMD is the leading reason for blindness in U.S. people over the age of 60.
Ongoing regulatory approvals for ophthalmic products are likely t%li%support market growth. For instance, in June 2022 Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd announced that it has got marketing and manufacturing approval for the dry eye disease treatment DIQUAS LX ophthalmic solution in Japan. This solution is the improved formulation that has reduced dosing frequency and improved patient compliance.
Ophthalmic Drugs Market Report Highlights
    • Anti-VEGF agents segment held the largest share in 2024 owing t%li%their rising demand and lesser adverse effects
    • Retinal disorders held the largest market share in 2024 owing t%li%the rising prevalence of age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy
      • The topical route of administration dominated the market in 2024 owing t%li%factors such as the benefits of the topical route as it delivers the drug t%li%the targeted site and ease of use
      • The eye drops segment is expected t%li%hold the largest share in 2024 owing t%li%rising demand for eye drops, high patient compliance, and availability of OTC products
      • Asia Pacific is expected t%li%exhibit the fastest growth over the forecast period due t%li%advancements in healthcare infrastructure, increasing demand for eye products, and a large patient pool
CHAPTER 1. METHODOLOGY AND SCOPE

1.1. Market Segmentation & Scope
1.2. Segment Definitions
  1.2.1. Drug class
  1.2.2. Disease
  1.2.3. Route of administration
  1.2.4. Dosage type
  1.2.5. Product type
  1.2.6. Drug type
  1.2.7. Regional scope
  1.2.8. Estimates and forecasts timeline.
1.3. Research Methodology
1.4. Information Procurement
  1.4.1. Purchased database
  1.4.2. GVR’s internal database
  1.4.3. Secondary sources
  1.4.4. Primary research
  1.4.5. Details of primary research
1.5. Information or Data Analysis
  1.5.1. Data analysis models
1.6. Market Formulation & Validation
1.7. Model Details
  1.7.1. Commodity flow analysis (Model 1)
  1.7.2. Approach 1: Commodity flow approach
  1.7.3. Volume price analysis (Model 2)
  1.7.4. Approach 2: Volume price analysis
1.8. List of Secondary Sources
1.9. List of Primary Sources
1.10. Objectives

CHAPTER 2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

2.1. Market Outlook
2.2. Segment Outlook
  2.2.1. Drug class outlook
  2.2.2. Disease outlook
  2.2.3. Route of administration outlook
  2.2.4. Dosage type outlook
  2.2.5. Product type outlook
  2.2.6. Drug type outlook
  2.2.7. Regional outlook
2.3. Competitive Insights

CHAPTER 3. OPHTHALMIC DRUGS MARKET VARIABLES, TRENDS & SCOPE

3.1. Market Lineage Outlook
  3.1.1. Parent market outlook
  3.1.2. Related/ancillary market outlook.
3.2. Market Dynamics
  3.2.1. Market driver analysis
    3.2.1.1. Increasing diseases prevalence
    3.2.1.2. String development pipeline
    3.2.1.3. Advancements in drug delivery
  3.2.2. Market restraint analysis
    3.2.2.1. Patent expiry of blockbuster drugs
3.3. Ophthalmic Drugs Market Analysis Tools
  3.3.1. Industry Analysis – Porter’s
  3.3.2. PESTEL Analysis

CHAPTER 4. OPHTHALMIC DRUGS MARKET: DRUG CLASS ESTIMATES & TREND ANALYSIS

4.1. Segment Dashboard
4.2. Ophthalmic Drugs Market: Drug Class Movement Analysis
4.3. Ophthalmic Drugs Market Size & Trend Analysis, by Drug Class, 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
4.4. Anti-Allergy
  4.4.1. Anti-Allergy market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
4.5. Anti-VEGF agents
  4.5.1. Anti-VEGF agents market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
4.6. Anti-inflammatory
  4.6.1. Anti-inflammatory market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  4.6.2. Non-steroidal Drugs
    4.6.2.1. Non-steroidal Drugs market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  4.6.3. Steroids
    4.6.3.1. Steroids market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
4.7. Anti-glaucoma
  4.7.1. Anti-glaucoma market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
4.8. Gene & Cell Therapy
  4.8.1. Gene & Cell Therapy market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
4.9. Others
  4.9.1. Others market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)

CHAPTER 5. OPHTHALMIC DRUGS MARKET: DISEASE ESTIMATES & TREND ANALYSIS

5.1. Segment Dashboard
5.2. Ophthalmic Drugs Market: Disease Movement Analysis
5.3. Ophthalmic Drugs Market Size & Trend Analysis, by Disease, 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
5.4. Dry eye
  5.4.1. Dry eye market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.4.1.1. Gels
      5.4.1.1.1. Gels market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.4.1.2. Eye solutions & suspensions
      5.4.1.2.1. Eye solutions & suspensions market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.4.1.3. Capsules & tablets
      5.4.1.3.1. Capsules & tablets market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.4.1.4. Eye drops
      5.4.1.4.1. Eye drops market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.4.1.5. Ointments
      5.4.1.5.1. Ointments market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
5.5. Allergies
  5.5.1. Allergies market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.5.1.1. Gels
      5.5.1.1.1. Gels market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.5.1.2. Eye solutions & suspensions
      5.5.1.2.1. Eye solutions & suspensions market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.5.1.3. Capsules & tablets
      5.5.1.3.1. Capsules & tablets market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.5.1.4. Eye drops
      5.5.1.4.1. Eye drops market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.5.1.5. Ointments
      5.5.1.5.1. Ointments market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
5.6. Glaucoma
  5.6.1. Glaucoma market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.6.1.1. Gels
      5.6.1.1.1. Gels market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.6.1.2. Eye solutions & suspensions
      5.6.1.2.1. Eye solutions & suspensions market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.6.1.3. Capsules & tablets
      5.6.1.3.1. Capsules & tablets market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.6.1.4. Eye drops
      5.6.1.4.1. Eye drops market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.6.1.5. Ointments
      5.6.1.5.1. Ointments market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
5.7. Infection
  5.7.1. Infection market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.7.1.1. Gels
      5.7.1.1.1. Gels market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.7.1.2. Eye solutions & suspensions
      5.7.1.2.1. Eye solutions & suspensions market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.7.1.3. Capsules & tablets
      5.7.1.3.1. Capsules & tablets market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.7.1.4. Eye drops
      5.7.1.4.1. Eye drops market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.7.1.5. Ointments
      5.7.1.5.1. Ointments market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
5.8. Retinal Disorders
  5.8.1. Retinal disorders market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  5.8.2. By Dosage Type
    5.8.2.1. Gels
      5.8.2.1.1. Gels market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.8.2.2. Eye solutions & suspensions
      5.8.2.2.1. Eye solutions & suspensions market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.8.2.3. Capsules & tablets
      5.8.2.3.1. Capsules & tablets market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.8.2.4. Eye drops
      5.8.2.4.1. Eye drops market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.8.2.5. Ointments
      5.8.2.5.1. Ointments market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  5.8.3. By Type
    5.8.3.1. Macular degeneration
      5.8.3.1.1. Macular degeneration market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.8.3.2. Diabetic retinopathy
      5.8.3.2.1. Diabetic retinopathy market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.8.3.3. Others
      5.8.3.3.1. Others market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
5.9. Uveitis
  5.9.1. Uveitis market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.9.1.1. Gels
      5.9.1.1.1. Gels market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.9.1.2. Eye solutions & suspensions
      5.9.1.2.1. Eye solutions & suspensions market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.9.1.3. Capsules & tablets
      5.9.1.3.1. Capsules & tablets market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.9.1.4. Eye drops
      5.9.1.4.1. Eye drops market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.9.1.5. Ointments
      5.9.1.5.1. Ointments market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
5.10. Others
  5.10.1. Others market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.10.1.1. Gels
      5.10.1.1.1. Gels market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.10.1.2. Eye solutions & suspensions
      5.10.1.2.1. Eye solutions & suspensions market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.10.1.3. Capsules & tablets
      5.10.1.3.1. Capsules & tablets market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.10.1.4. Eye drops
      5.10.1.4.1. Eye drops market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    5.10.1.5. Ointments
      5.10.1.5.1. Ointments market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)

CHAPTER 6. OPHTHALMIC DRUGS MARKET: ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION ESTIMATES & TREND ANALYSIS

6.1. Segment Dashboard
6.2. Ophthalmic Drugs Market: Route of Administration Movement Analysis
6.3. Ophthalmic Drugs Market Size & Trend Analysis, by Route of Administration, 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
6.4. Topical
  6.4.1. Topical market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
6.5. Local Ocular
  6.5.1. Local ocular market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    6.5.1.1. Subconjunctival
      6.5.1.1.1. Subconjunctival market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    6.5.1.2. Intravitreal
      6.5.1.2.1. Intravitreal market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    6.5.1.3. Retrobulbar
      6.5.1.3.1. Retrobulbar market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    6.5.1.4. Intracameral
      6.5.1.4.1. Intracameral market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
6.6. Sytemic
  6.6.1. Sytemic market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)

CHAPTER 7. OPHTHALMIC DRUGS MARKET: DOSAGE TYPE ESTIMATES & TREND ANALYSIS

7.1. Segment Dashboard
7.2. Ophthalmic Drugs Market: Dosage Type Movement Analysis
7.3. Ophthalmic Drugs Market Size & Trend Analysis, by Dosage Type, 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
7.4. Gels
  7.4.1. Gels market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
7.5. Eye solutions & suspensions
  7.5.1. Eye solutions & suspensions market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
7.6. Capsules & Tablets
  7.6.1. Capsules & tablets market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
7.7. Eye drops
  7.7.1. Eye drops market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
7.8. Ointments
  7.8.1. Ointments market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)

CHAPTER 8. OPHTHALMIC DRUGS MARKET: PRODUCT TYPE ESTIMATES & TREND ANALYSIS

8.1. Segment Dashboard
8.2. Ophthalmic Drugs Market: Product Type Movement Analysis
8.3. Ophthalmic Drugs Market Size & Trend Analysis, by Product Type, 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
8.4. OTC
  8.4.1. OTC market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
8.5. Prescription Drugs
  8.5.1. Prescription drugs market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)

CHAPTER 9. OPHTHALMIC DRUGS MARKET: DRUG TYPE ESTIMATES & TREND ANALYSIS

9.1. Segment Dashboard
9.2. Ophthalmic Drugs Market: Drug Type Movement Analysis
9.3. Ophthalmic Drugs Market Size & Trend Analysis, by Drug Type, 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
9.4. Branded Drugs
  9.4.1. Branded drugs market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
9.5. Generic Drugs
  9.5.1. Generic drugs market revenue estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)

CHAPTER 10. OPHTHALMIC DRUGS MARKET: REGIONAL ESTIMATES & TREND ANALYSIS

10.1. Regional Market Share Analysis, 2023 & 2030
10.2. Regional Market Dashboard
10.3. Global Regional Market Snapshot
10.4. Market Size, & Forecasts Trend Analysis, 2018 to 2030:
10.5. North America
  10.5.1. U.S.
    10.5.1.1. Key country dynamics
    10.5.1.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.5.1.3. Competitive scenario
    10.5.1.4. U.S. market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
  10.5.2. Canada
    10.5.2.1. Key country dynamics
    10.5.2.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.5.2.3. Competitive scenario
    10.5.2.4. Canada market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
  10.5.3. Mexico
    10.5.3.1. Key country dynamics
    10.5.3.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.5.3.3. Competitive scenario
    10.5.3.4. Mexico market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
10.6. Europe
  10.6.1. UK
    10.6.1.1. Key country dynamics
    10.6.1.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.6.1.3. Competitive scenario
    10.6.1.4. UK market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
  10.6.2. Germany
    10.6.2.1. Key country dynamics
    10.6.2.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.6.2.3. Competitive scenario
    10.6.2.4. Germany market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
  10.6.3. France
    10.6.3.1. Key country dynamics
    10.6.3.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.6.3.3. Competitive scenario
    10.6.3.4. France market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
  10.6.4. Italy
    10.6.4.1. Key country dynamics
    10.6.4.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.6.4.3. Competitive scenario
    10.6.4.4. Italy market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
  10.6.5. Spain
    10.6.5.1. Key country dynamics
    10.6.5.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.6.5.3. Competitive scenario
    10.6.5.4. Spain market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
  10.6.6. Norway
    10.6.6.1. Key country dynamics
    10.6.6.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.6.6.3. Competitive scenario
    10.6.6.4. Norway market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
  10.6.7. Sweden
    10.6.7.1. Key country dynamics
    10.6.7.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.6.7.3. Competitive scenario
    10.6.7.4. Sweden market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
  10.6.8. Denmark
    10.6.8.1. Key country dynamics
    10.6.8.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.6.8.3. Competitive scenario
    10.6.8.4. Denmark market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
10.7. Asia Pacific
  10.7.1. Japan
    10.7.1.1. Key country dynamics
    10.7.1.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.7.1.3. Competitive scenario
    10.7.1.4. Japan market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
  10.7.2. China
    10.7.2.1. Key country dynamics
    10.7.2.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.7.2.3. Competitive scenario
    10.7.2.4. China market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
  10.7.3. India
    10.7.3.1. Key country dynamics
    10.7.3.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.7.3.3. Competitive scenario
    10.7.3.4. India market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
  10.7.4. Australia
    10.7.4.1. Key country dynamics
    10.7.4.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.7.4.3. Competitive scenario
    10.7.4.4. Australia market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
  10.7.5. South Korea
    10.7.5.1. Key country dynamics
    10.7.5.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.7.5.3. Competitive scenario
    10.7.5.4. South Korea market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
  10.7.6. Thailand
    10.7.6.1. Key country dynamics
    10.7.6.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.7.6.3. Competitive scenario
    10.7.6.4. Thailand market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
10.8. Latin America
  10.8.1. Brazil
    10.8.1.1. Key country dynamics
    10.8.1.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.8.1.3. Competitive scenario
    10.8.1.4. Brazil market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
  10.8.2. Argentina
    10.8.2.1. Key country dynamics
    10.8.2.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.8.2.3. Competitive scenario
    10.8.2.4. Argentina market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
10.9. MEA
  10.9.1. South Africa
    10.9.1.1. Key country dynamics
    10.9.1.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.9.1.3. Competitive scenario
    10.9.1.4. South Africa market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
  10.9.2. Saudi Arabia
    10.9.2.1. Key country dynamics
    10.9.2.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.9.2.3. Competitive scenario
    10.9.2.4. Saudi Arabia market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
  10.9.3. UAE
    10.9.3.1. Key country dynamics
    10.9.3.2. Regulatory framework/Reimbursement
    10.9.3.3. Competitive scenario
    10.9.3.4. UAE market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)
  10.9.4. Kuwait
    10.9.4.1. Key country dynamics
    10.9.4.2. Regulatory framework
    10.9.4.3. Competitive scenario
    10.9.4.4. Kuwait market estimates and forecasts 2018 to 2030 (USD Million)

CHAPTER 11. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

11.1. Recent Developments & Impact Analysis, By Key Market Participants
11.2. Company/Competition Categorization
11.3. Vendor Landscape
  11.3.1. List of key distributors and channel partners
  11.3.2. Key customers
  11.3.3. Key company market share analysis, 2023
  11.3.4. Alcon
    11.3.4.1. Company overview
    11.3.4.2. Financial performance
    11.3.4.3. Services benchmarking
    11.3.4.4. Strategic initiatives
  11.3.5. Novartis AG
    11.3.5.1. Company overview
    11.3.5.2. Financial performance
    11.3.5.3. Services benchmarking
    11.3.5.4. Strategic initiatives
  11.3.6. Bausch Health Companies, Inc.
    11.3.6.1. Company overview
    11.3.6.2. Financial performance
    11.3.6.3. Services benchmarking
    11.3.6.4. Strategic initiatives
  11.3.7. Merck & Co., Inc.
    11.3.7.1. Company overview
    11.3.7.2. Financial performance
    11.3.7.3. Services benchmarking
    11.3.7.4. Strategic initiatives
  11.3.8. Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
    11.3.8.1. Company overview
    11.3.8.2. Financial performance
    11.3.8.3. Services benchmarking
    11.3.8.4. Strategic initiatives
  11.3.9. Coherus BioSciences, Inc.
    11.3.9.1. Company overview
    11.3.9.2. Financial performance
    11.3.9.3. Services benchmarking
    11.3.9.4. Strategic initiatives
  11.3.10. AbbVie, Inc. (Allergan)
    11.3.10.1. Company overview
    11.3.10.2. Financial performance
    11.3.10.3. Services benchmarking
    11.3.10.4. Strategic initiatives
  11.3.11. Pfizer, Inc.
    11.3.11.1. Company overview
    11.3.11.2. Financial performance
    11.3.11.3. Services benchmarking
    11.3.11.4. Strategic initiatives
  11.3.12. Bayer AG
    11.3.12.1. Company overview
    11.3.12.2. Financial performance
    11.3.12.3. Services benchmarking
    11.3.12.4. Strategic initiatives
  11.3.13. Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
    11.3.13.1. Company overview
    11.3.13.2. Financial performance
    11.3.13.3. Services benchmarking
    11.3.13.4. Strategic initiatives
  11.3.14. Roche (Genentech, Inc.)
    11.3.14.1. Company overview
    11.3.14.2. Financial performance
    11.3.14.3. Services benchmarking
    11.3.14.4. Strategic initiatives
  11.3.15. Nicox
    11.3.15.1. Company overview
    11.3.15.2. Financial performance
    11.3.15.3. Services benchmarking
    11.3.15.4. Strategic initiatives


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