C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor– Pipeline Insight, 2020
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DelveInsight’s, “C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor– Pipeline Insight, 2020,” report provides comprehensive insights about 10+ companies and 10+ pipeline drugs in C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor pipeline landscape. It covers the pipeline drug profiles, including clinical and nonclinical stage products. It also covers the therapeutics assessment by product type, stage, route of administration, and molecule type. It further highlights the inactive pipeline products in this space.
Geography Covered
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor: Overview
The Raf proteins are central components of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway that regulates cell proliferation. The core pathway, first elucidated in the early 1990s, is now appreciated as one of the most common sources of oncogenic lesions in cancer. Overexpression or mutation of members of the epidermal growth factor (EGFR) protein family is a driving factor for numerous cancers, including pancreatic, lung (adenocarcinoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)), head and neck squamous cell cancer, colorectal, glioblastoma, and (for EGFR2/HER2/NEU/ERBB2) breast cancer. In considering the relationship of Raf to the EGFR > Ras > Raf > MEK > ERK signaling cascades, there are a number of alternative methods by which Raf activity can be targeted. 1) An antisense or short hairpin RNA (shRNA) approach can be used to knockdown the Raf mRNA, depressing the steady state level of the protein. 2) Raf levels can also be depressed by selectively reducing Raf transcription, or by destabilizing Raf at the protein level. 3) The kinase activity of Raf can be directly targeted with a catalytic inhibitor. 4) The interaction of Raf with essential partner proteins such as its activator (Ras) or its effector (MEK) can be inhibited.
The role of the Raf-MAPK pathway in differentiation was originally examined in PC12 cells and showed a role both in cell differentiation and cell proliferation; a distinction that depended on MAPK activation levels versus its duration. However, in other cell lines, for example erythroblasts, C-Raf delays differentiation by inhibiting caspase activation. In epidermal development, C-Raf activation can induce terminal differentiation of keratinocytes. However, the specific role of C-Raf in this process is not clear since epidermis-specific C-Raf knockout does not affect epidermis architecture or follicle development. Also, two potential C-Raf activating phosphorylation sites, T491 and S494 have homologues in lin-45 and their substitution with aspartic acids results in a multi-vulval phenotype, indicating activation of the MAPK pathway.
Though C-Raf was the first Raf isoform identified as a potential cellular oncogene, the evidence to support its role as a prime oncogene, driving transformation, has not been forthcoming. This is apparent from the lack of identified activating C-Raf mutations or its aberrant expression in cancer. B-Raf, on the other hand, has been established in the past 3–5 years as a de facto oncogene and activating mutations in the gene are highly prevalent in several human cancers. Thus, agents targeting the Raf family as a whole or C-Raf exclusively have been extensively examined in many pre-clinical studies and more recently also in clinical trials.
The only naturally occurring transforming form of C-Raf described so far is a viral-transmitted form that has a deletion at the N-terminal regulatory region, resulting in a constitutively active kinase. This form can transform NIH 3T3 and other cell lines in culture, resulting in various cancerous phenotypes and the ability to form tumors in nude mice. It also induces tumor formation when expressed in transgenic animals. Other mutations, including point mutations that result in a constitutive kinase also display transforming activity in cell culture models, however, to date, these mutations have not been identified in primary cancer. Thus, C-Raf has not been considered as a de facto cellular oncogene.
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor Emerging Drugs Chapters
This segment of the C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor report encloses its detailed analysis of various drugs in different stages of clinical development, including phase II, I, preclinical and Discovery. It also helps to understand clinical trial details, expressive pharmacological action, agreements and collaborations, and the latest news and press releases.
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor Emerging Drugs
Further product details are provided in the report
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor: Therapeutic Assessment
This segment of the report provides insights about the different C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor drugs segregated based on following parameters that define the scope of the report, such as:
Phases
DelveInsight’s report covers around 10+ products under different phases of clinical development like
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor: Pipeline Development Activities
The report provides insights into different therapeutic candidates in phase II, I, preclinical and discovery stage. It also analyses C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor therapeutic drugs key players involved in developing key drugs.
Pipeline Development Activities
The report covers the detailed information of collaborations, acquisition and merger, licensing along with a thorough therapeutic assessment of emerging C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor drugs.
Report Highlights
Current Treatment Scenario and Emerging Therapies:
DelveInsight’s, “C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor– Pipeline Insight, 2020,” report provides comprehensive insights about 10+ companies and 10+ pipeline drugs in C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor pipeline landscape. It covers the pipeline drug profiles, including clinical and nonclinical stage products. It also covers the therapeutics assessment by product type, stage, route of administration, and molecule type. It further highlights the inactive pipeline products in this space.
Geography Covered
- Global coverage
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor: Overview
The Raf proteins are central components of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway that regulates cell proliferation. The core pathway, first elucidated in the early 1990s, is now appreciated as one of the most common sources of oncogenic lesions in cancer. Overexpression or mutation of members of the epidermal growth factor (EGFR) protein family is a driving factor for numerous cancers, including pancreatic, lung (adenocarcinoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)), head and neck squamous cell cancer, colorectal, glioblastoma, and (for EGFR2/HER2/NEU/ERBB2) breast cancer. In considering the relationship of Raf to the EGFR > Ras > Raf > MEK > ERK signaling cascades, there are a number of alternative methods by which Raf activity can be targeted. 1) An antisense or short hairpin RNA (shRNA) approach can be used to knockdown the Raf mRNA, depressing the steady state level of the protein. 2) Raf levels can also be depressed by selectively reducing Raf transcription, or by destabilizing Raf at the protein level. 3) The kinase activity of Raf can be directly targeted with a catalytic inhibitor. 4) The interaction of Raf with essential partner proteins such as its activator (Ras) or its effector (MEK) can be inhibited.
The role of the Raf-MAPK pathway in differentiation was originally examined in PC12 cells and showed a role both in cell differentiation and cell proliferation; a distinction that depended on MAPK activation levels versus its duration. However, in other cell lines, for example erythroblasts, C-Raf delays differentiation by inhibiting caspase activation. In epidermal development, C-Raf activation can induce terminal differentiation of keratinocytes. However, the specific role of C-Raf in this process is not clear since epidermis-specific C-Raf knockout does not affect epidermis architecture or follicle development. Also, two potential C-Raf activating phosphorylation sites, T491 and S494 have homologues in lin-45 and their substitution with aspartic acids results in a multi-vulval phenotype, indicating activation of the MAPK pathway.
Though C-Raf was the first Raf isoform identified as a potential cellular oncogene, the evidence to support its role as a prime oncogene, driving transformation, has not been forthcoming. This is apparent from the lack of identified activating C-Raf mutations or its aberrant expression in cancer. B-Raf, on the other hand, has been established in the past 3–5 years as a de facto oncogene and activating mutations in the gene are highly prevalent in several human cancers. Thus, agents targeting the Raf family as a whole or C-Raf exclusively have been extensively examined in many pre-clinical studies and more recently also in clinical trials.
The only naturally occurring transforming form of C-Raf described so far is a viral-transmitted form that has a deletion at the N-terminal regulatory region, resulting in a constitutively active kinase. This form can transform NIH 3T3 and other cell lines in culture, resulting in various cancerous phenotypes and the ability to form tumors in nude mice. It also induces tumor formation when expressed in transgenic animals. Other mutations, including point mutations that result in a constitutive kinase also display transforming activity in cell culture models, however, to date, these mutations have not been identified in primary cancer. Thus, C-Raf has not been considered as a de facto cellular oncogene.
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor Emerging Drugs Chapters
This segment of the C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor report encloses its detailed analysis of various drugs in different stages of clinical development, including phase II, I, preclinical and Discovery. It also helps to understand clinical trial details, expressive pharmacological action, agreements and collaborations, and the latest news and press releases.
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor Emerging Drugs
- Sorafenib/MG 010 - Metagone Biotech
Further product details are provided in the report
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor: Therapeutic Assessment
This segment of the report provides insights about the different C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor drugs segregated based on following parameters that define the scope of the report, such as:
- Major Players in C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor
Phases
DelveInsight’s report covers around 10+ products under different phases of clinical development like
- Late-stage products (Phase II and Phase II/III)
- Mid-stage products (Phase II and Phase II/III)
- Early-stage products (Phase I/II and Phase I) along with the details of
- Pre-clinical and Discovery stage candidates
- Discontinued & Inactive candidates
- Route of Administration
- Oral
- Intravenous
- Intramuscular
- Molecule Type
- Small molecules
- Product Type
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor: Pipeline Development Activities
The report provides insights into different therapeutic candidates in phase II, I, preclinical and discovery stage. It also analyses C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor therapeutic drugs key players involved in developing key drugs.
Pipeline Development Activities
The report covers the detailed information of collaborations, acquisition and merger, licensing along with a thorough therapeutic assessment of emerging C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor drugs.
Report Highlights
- The companies and academics are working to assess challenges and seek opportunities that could influence C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor R&D.
- In April 2019, Apollomics announced positive data for the Company’s multi-kinase inhibitor, APL-102, as both a single agent and in combination with an anti-PD-1 antibody in multiple preclinical studies.
- C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor Pipeline Analysis
- Therapeutic Assessment
- Unmet Needs
- Impact of Drugs
- Pipeline Product Profiles
- Therapeutic Assessment
- Pipeline Assessment
- Inactive drugs assessment
- Unmet Needs
Current Treatment Scenario and Emerging Therapies:
- How many companies are developing C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor drugs?
- How many C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor drugs are developed by each company?
- How many emerging drugs are in mid-stage, and late-stage acting as C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor?
- What are the key collaborations (Industry–Industry, Industry–Academia), Mergers and acquisitions, licensing activities related to the C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor therapeutics?
- What are the clinical studies going on for C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor and their status?
- What are the key designations that have been granted to the emerging drugs?
- Amitech Therapeutic Solutions, Inc.
- Basilea Pharmaceutica Ltd
- CBT Pharmaceuticals Inc Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
- Hanmi Pharmaceuticals Co Ltd
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals Inc
- Novartis AG
- Redx Pharma Plc
- Xspray
- Metagone Biotech
- HyNap-Sora
- Sorafenib/MG 010
- APL-102
- BAL 3833
Introduction
Executive Summary
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor: Overview
Structure
Mechanism
Role in Cancer therapies
Significance
Application
Pipeline Therapeutics
Comparative Analysis
Therapeutic Assessment
Assessment by Product Type
Assessment by Stage and Product Type
Assessment by Route of Administration
Assessment by Stage and Route of Administration
Assessment by Molecule Type
Assessment by Stage and Molecule Type
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor – DelveInsight’s Analytical Perspective
In-depth Commercial Assessment
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor companies’ collaborations, Licensing, Acquisition -Deal Value Trends
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor Collaboration Deals
Company-Company Collaborations (Licensing / Partnering) Analysis
Company-University Collaborations (Licensing / Partnering) Analysis
Mid Stage Products (Phase I/II)
Comparative Analysis
Sorafenib/MG 010 - Metagone Biotech
Product Description
Research and Development
Product Development Activities
IND Stage Products
Comparative Analysis
APL-102: Apollomics
Product Description
Research and Development
Product Development Activities
Pre-clinical and Discovery Stage Products
Comparative Analysis
HyNap-Sora: Xspray Pharma
Product Description
Research and Development
Product Development Activities
Inactive Products
Comparative Analysis
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor Key Companies
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor Key Products
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor- Unmet Needs
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor- Market Drivers and Barriers
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor- Future Perspectives and Conclusion
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor Analyst Views
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor Key Companies
Appendix
Executive Summary
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor: Overview
Structure
Mechanism
Role in Cancer therapies
Significance
Application
Pipeline Therapeutics
Comparative Analysis
Therapeutic Assessment
Assessment by Product Type
Assessment by Stage and Product Type
Assessment by Route of Administration
Assessment by Stage and Route of Administration
Assessment by Molecule Type
Assessment by Stage and Molecule Type
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor – DelveInsight’s Analytical Perspective
In-depth Commercial Assessment
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor companies’ collaborations, Licensing, Acquisition -Deal Value Trends
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor Collaboration Deals
Company-Company Collaborations (Licensing / Partnering) Analysis
Company-University Collaborations (Licensing / Partnering) Analysis
Mid Stage Products (Phase I/II)
Comparative Analysis
Sorafenib/MG 010 - Metagone Biotech
Product Description
Research and Development
Product Development Activities
IND Stage Products
Comparative Analysis
APL-102: Apollomics
Product Description
Research and Development
Product Development Activities
Pre-clinical and Discovery Stage Products
Comparative Analysis
HyNap-Sora: Xspray Pharma
Product Description
Research and Development
Product Development Activities
Inactive Products
Comparative Analysis
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor Key Companies
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor Key Products
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor- Unmet Needs
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor- Market Drivers and Barriers
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor- Future Perspectives and Conclusion
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor Analyst Views
C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor Key Companies
Appendix
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 Total Products for C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor
Table 2 Late Stage Products
Table 3 Mid Stage Products
Table 4 Early Stage Products
Table 5 Pre-clinical & Discovery Stage Products
Table 6 Assessment by Product Type
Table 7 Assessment by Stage and Product Type
Table 8 Assessment by Route of Administration
Table 9 Assessment by Stage and Route of Administration
Table 10 Assessment by Molecule Type
Table 11 Assessment by Stage and Molecule Type
Table 12 Inactive Products
Table 1 Total Products for C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor
Table 2 Late Stage Products
Table 3 Mid Stage Products
Table 4 Early Stage Products
Table 5 Pre-clinical & Discovery Stage Products
Table 6 Assessment by Product Type
Table 7 Assessment by Stage and Product Type
Table 8 Assessment by Route of Administration
Table 9 Assessment by Stage and Route of Administration
Table 10 Assessment by Molecule Type
Table 11 Assessment by Stage and Molecule Type
Table 12 Inactive Products
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Total Products for C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor
Figure 2 Late Stage Products
Figure 3 Mid Stage Products
Figure 4 Early Stage Products
Figure 5 Preclinical and Discovery Stage Products
Figure 6 Assessment by Product Type
Figure 7 Assessment by Stage and Product Type
Figure 8 Assessment by Route of Administration
Figure 9 Assessment by Stage and Route of Administration
Figure 10 Assessment by Molecule Type
Figure 11 Assessment by Stage and Molecule Type
Figure 12 Inactive Products
Figure 1 Total Products for C-Raf Kinase Inhibitor
Figure 2 Late Stage Products
Figure 3 Mid Stage Products
Figure 4 Early Stage Products
Figure 5 Preclinical and Discovery Stage Products
Figure 6 Assessment by Product Type
Figure 7 Assessment by Stage and Product Type
Figure 8 Assessment by Route of Administration
Figure 9 Assessment by Stage and Route of Administration
Figure 10 Assessment by Molecule Type
Figure 11 Assessment by Stage and Molecule Type
Figure 12 Inactive Products