Leep Market, Global Outlook and Forecast 2022-2028

March 2022 | 71 pages | ID: LB38BD9D80CAEN
Market Monitor Global

Abstracts

Leep, also known as ultra-high frequency wave knife, is a specialized technology developed in recent years for minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment of cervical diseases. It generates 3.8 MHz high-frequency wave through the tip of the electrode. After contacting the body, the tissue absorbs the high-frequency wave and generates high heat instantaneously due to the impedance of the tissue itself.Leep adopts directional radio frequency wave transmitting technology. In the local tissue of emitter, the radio frequency wave field and radio frequency energy directly excite the liquid polar molecules in the tissue to produce plasma oscillation, which can break the molecular bond. Under the condition of low temperature (40 ~70), the fine and minimally invasive cutting effect can be achieved, and the thermal effect of molecular wave vibration and friction can be achieved. Should be used to stop bleeding, tissue ablation and contraction.

This report contains market size and forecasts of Leep in global, including the following market information:

Global Leep Market Revenue, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, ($ millions)

Global Leep Market Sales, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, (K Units)

Global top five Leep companies in 2021 (%)

The global Leep market was valued at million in 2021 and is projected to reach US$ million by 2028, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period.

The U.S. Market is Estimated at $ Million in 2021, While China is Forecast to Reach $ Million by 2028.

1.3MHz Segment to Reach $ Million by 2028, with a % CAGR in next six years.

The global key manufacturers of Leep include Medtronic, Led Spa Company, Utah Medical Products, Bovie Medical, Cooper Surgical, Beijing Soji Rui Technology, Beijing Huakang Pumei Technology, Jiangsu Xinma Medical Equipment and Bissinger Medizintechnik and etc. In 2021, the global top five players have a share approximately % in terms of revenue.

MARKET MONITOR GLOBAL, INC (MMG) has surveyed the Leep manufacturers, suppliers, distributors and industry experts on this industry, involving the sales, revenue, demand, price change, product type, recent development and plan, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.

Total Market by Segment:

Global Leep Market, by Type, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (K Units)

Global Leep Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2021 (%)

• 1.3MHz
• ?1MHz
• Other

Global Leep Market, by Application, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (K Units)

Global Leep Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2021 (%)

• Hospital
• Clinical
• Other

Global Leep Market, By Region and Country, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (K Units)

Global Leep Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2021 (%)

• North America
• US
• Canada
• Mexico
• Europe
• Germany
• France
• U.K.
• Italy
• Russia
• Nordic Countries
• Benelux
• Rest of Europe
• Asia
• China
• Japan
• South Korea
• Southeast Asia
• India
• Rest of Asia
• South America
• Brazil
• Argentina
• Rest of South America
• Middle East & Africa
• Turkey
• Israel
• Saudi Arabia
• UAE
• Rest of Middle East & Africa

Competitor Analysis

The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:

Key companies Leep revenues in global market, 2017-2022 (Estimated), ($ millions)

Key companies Leep revenues share in global market, 2021 (%)

Key companies Leep sales in global market, 2017-2022 (Estimated), (K Units)

Key companies Leep sales share in global market, 2021 (%)

Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:

• Medtronic
• Led Spa Company
• Utah Medical Products
• Bovie Medical
• Cooper Surgical
• Beijing Soji Rui Technology
• Beijing Huakang Pumei Technology
• Jiangsu Xinma Medical Equipment
• Bissinger Medizintechnik
• Ellman International

Contents

1 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH & ANALYSIS REPORTS

1.1 Leep Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
  1.2.1 Market by Type
  1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Leep Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
  1.5.1 Research Methodology
  1.5.2 Research Process
  1.5.3 Base Year
  1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats

2 GLOBAL LEEP OVERALL MARKET SIZE

2.1 Global Leep Market Size: 2021 VS 2028
2.2 Global Leep Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2017-2028
2.3 Global Leep Sales: 2017-2028

3 COMPANY LANDSCAPE

3.1 Top Leep Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Leep Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Leep Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Leep Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Leep Price by Manufacturer (2017-2022)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Leep Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2021
3.7 Global Manufacturers Leep Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Leep Players in Global Market
  3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Leep Companies
  3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Leep Companies

4 SIGHTS BY PRODUCT

4.1 Overview
  4.1.1 By Type - Global Leep Market Size Markets, 2021 & 2028
  4.1.2 1.3MHz
  4.1.3 ?1MHz
  4.1.4 Other
4.2 By Type - Global Leep Revenue & Forecasts
  4.2.1 By Type - Global Leep Revenue, 2017-2022
  4.2.2 By Type - Global Leep Revenue, 2023-2028
  4.2.3 By Type - Global Leep Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
4.3 By Type - Global Leep Sales & Forecasts
  4.3.1 By Type - Global Leep Sales, 2017-2022
  4.3.2 By Type - Global Leep Sales, 2023-2028
  4.3.3 By Type - Global Leep Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
4.4 By Type - Global Leep Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028

5 SIGHTS BY APPLICATION

5.1 Overview
  5.1.1 By Application - Global Leep Market Size, 2021 & 2028
  5.1.2 Hospital
  5.1.3 Clinical
  5.1.4 Other
5.2 By Application - Global Leep Revenue & Forecasts
  5.2.1 By Application - Global Leep Revenue, 2017-2022
  5.2.2 By Application - Global Leep Revenue, 2023-2028
  5.2.3 By Application - Global Leep Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
5.3 By Application - Global Leep Sales & Forecasts
  5.3.1 By Application - Global Leep Sales, 2017-2022
  5.3.2 By Application - Global Leep Sales, 2023-2028
  5.3.3 By Application - Global Leep Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
5.4 By Application - Global Leep Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028

6 SIGHTS BY REGION

6.1 By Region - Global Leep Market Size, 2021 & 2028
6.2 By Region - Global Leep Revenue & Forecasts
  6.2.1 By Region - Global Leep Revenue, 2017-2022
  6.2.2 By Region - Global Leep Revenue, 2023-2028
  6.2.3 By Region - Global Leep Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
6.3 By Region - Global Leep Sales & Forecasts
  6.3.1 By Region - Global Leep Sales, 2017-2022
  6.3.2 By Region - Global Leep Sales, 2023-2028
  6.3.3 By Region - Global Leep Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
6.4 North America
  6.4.1 By Country - North America Leep Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.4.2 By Country - North America Leep Sales, 2017-2028
  6.4.3 US Leep Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.4.4 Canada Leep Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.4.5 Mexico Leep Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5 Europe
  6.5.1 By Country - Europe Leep Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.5.2 By Country - Europe Leep Sales, 2017-2028
  6.5.3 Germany Leep Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.4 France Leep Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.5 U.K. Leep Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.6 Italy Leep Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.7 Russia Leep Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.8 Nordic Countries Leep Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.9 Benelux Leep Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6 Asia
  6.6.1 By Region - Asia Leep Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.6.2 By Region - Asia Leep Sales, 2017-2028
  6.6.3 China Leep Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.4 Japan Leep Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.5 South Korea Leep Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.6 Southeast Asia Leep Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.7 India Leep Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7 South America
  6.7.1 By Country - South America Leep Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.7.2 By Country - South America Leep Sales, 2017-2028
  6.7.3 Brazil Leep Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.7.4 Argentina Leep Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8 Middle East & Africa
  6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Leep Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Leep Sales, 2017-2028
  6.8.3 Turkey Leep Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.8.4 Israel Leep Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Leep Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.8.6 UAE Leep Market Size, 2017-2028

7 MANUFACTURERS & BRANDS PROFILES

7.1 Medtronic
  7.1.1 Medtronic Corporate Summary
  7.1.2 Medtronic Business Overview
  7.1.3 Medtronic Leep Major Product Offerings
  7.1.4 Medtronic Leep Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.1.5 Medtronic Key News
7.2 Led Spa Company
  7.2.1 Led Spa Company Corporate Summary
  7.2.2 Led Spa Company Business Overview
  7.2.3 Led Spa Company Leep Major Product Offerings
  7.2.4 Led Spa Company Leep Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.2.5 Led Spa Company Key News
7.3 Utah Medical Products
  7.3.1 Utah Medical Products Corporate Summary
  7.3.2 Utah Medical Products Business Overview
  7.3.3 Utah Medical Products Leep Major Product Offerings
  7.3.4 Utah Medical Products Leep Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.3.5 Utah Medical Products Key News
7.4 Bovie Medical
  7.4.1 Bovie Medical Corporate Summary
  7.4.2 Bovie Medical Business Overview
  7.4.3 Bovie Medical Leep Major Product Offerings
  7.4.4 Bovie Medical Leep Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.4.5 Bovie Medical Key News
7.5 Cooper Surgical
  7.5.1 Cooper Surgical Corporate Summary
  7.5.2 Cooper Surgical Business Overview
  7.5.3 Cooper Surgical Leep Major Product Offerings
  7.5.4 Cooper Surgical Leep Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.5.5 Cooper Surgical Key News
7.6 Beijing Soji Rui Technology
  7.6.1 Beijing Soji Rui Technology Corporate Summary
  7.6.2 Beijing Soji Rui Technology Business Overview
  7.6.3 Beijing Soji Rui Technology Leep Major Product Offerings
  7.6.4 Beijing Soji Rui Technology Leep Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.6.5 Beijing Soji Rui Technology Key News
7.7 Beijing Huakang Pumei Technology
  7.7.1 Beijing Huakang Pumei Technology Corporate Summary
  7.7.2 Beijing Huakang Pumei Technology Business Overview
  7.7.3 Beijing Huakang Pumei Technology Leep Major Product Offerings
  7.7.4 Beijing Huakang Pumei Technology Leep Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.7.5 Beijing Huakang Pumei Technology Key News
7.8 Jiangsu Xinma Medical Equipment
  7.8.1 Jiangsu Xinma Medical Equipment Corporate Summary
  7.8.2 Jiangsu Xinma Medical Equipment Business Overview
  7.8.3 Jiangsu Xinma Medical Equipment Leep Major Product Offerings
  7.8.4 Jiangsu Xinma Medical Equipment Leep Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.8.5 Jiangsu Xinma Medical Equipment Key News
7.9 Bissinger Medizintechnik
  7.9.1 Bissinger Medizintechnik Corporate Summary
  7.9.2 Bissinger Medizintechnik Business Overview
  7.9.3 Bissinger Medizintechnik Leep Major Product Offerings
  7.9.4 Bissinger Medizintechnik Leep Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.9.5 Bissinger Medizintechnik Key News
7.10 Ellman International
  7.10.1 Ellman International Corporate Summary
  7.10.2 Ellman International Business Overview
  7.10.3 Ellman International Leep Major Product Offerings
  7.10.4 Ellman International Leep Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.10.5 Ellman International Key News

8 GLOBAL LEEP PRODUCTION CAPACITY, ANALYSIS

8.1 Global Leep Production Capacity, 2017-2028
8.2 Leep Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Leep Production by Region

9 KEY MARKET TRENDS, OPPORTUNITY, DRIVERS AND RESTRAINTS

9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints

10 LEEP SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS

10.1 Leep Industry Value Chain
10.2 Leep Upstream Market
10.3 Leep Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
  10.4.1 Marketing Channels
  10.4.2 Leep Distributors and Sales Agents in Global

11 CONCLUSION

12 APPENDIX

12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Key Players of Leep in Global Market
Table 2. Top Leep Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2021)
Table 3. Global Leep Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 4. Global Leep Revenue Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 5. Global Leep Sales by Companies, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 6. Global Leep Sales Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Leep Price (2017-2022) & (USD/Unit)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Leep Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Leep Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Leep Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type – Global Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 12. By Type - Global Leep Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 13. By Type - Global Leep Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 14. By Type - Global Leep Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 15. By Type - Global Leep Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 16. By Application – Global Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 17. By Application - Global Leep Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 18. By Application - Global Leep Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 19. By Application - Global Leep Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 20. By Application - Global Leep Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 21. By Region – Global Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2028
Table 22. By Region - Global Leep Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 23. By Region - Global Leep Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 24. By Region - Global Leep Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 25. By Region - Global Leep Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 26. By Country - North America Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 27. By Country - North America Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 28. By Country - North America Leep Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 29. By Country - North America Leep Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 30. By Country - Europe Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 31. By Country - Europe Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 32. By Country - Europe Leep Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 33. By Country - Europe Leep Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 34. By Region - Asia Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 35. By Region - Asia Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 36. By Region - Asia Leep Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 37. By Region - Asia Leep Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 38. By Country - South America Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 39. By Country - South America Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 40. By Country - South America Leep Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 41. By Country - South America Leep Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Leep Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Leep Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 46. Medtronic Corporate Summary
Table 47. Medtronic Leep Product Offerings
Table 48. Medtronic Leep Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 49. Led Spa Company Corporate Summary
Table 50. Led Spa Company Leep Product Offerings
Table 51. Led Spa Company Leep Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 52. Utah Medical Products Corporate Summary
Table 53. Utah Medical Products Leep Product Offerings
Table 54. Utah Medical Products Leep Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 55. Bovie Medical Corporate Summary
Table 56. Bovie Medical Leep Product Offerings
Table 57. Bovie Medical Leep Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 58. Cooper Surgical Corporate Summary
Table 59. Cooper Surgical Leep Product Offerings
Table 60. Cooper Surgical Leep Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 61. Beijing Soji Rui Technology Corporate Summary
Table 62. Beijing Soji Rui Technology Leep Product Offerings
Table 63. Beijing Soji Rui Technology Leep Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 64. Beijing Huakang Pumei Technology Corporate Summary
Table 65. Beijing Huakang Pumei Technology Leep Product Offerings
Table 66. Beijing Huakang Pumei Technology Leep Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 67. Jiangsu Xinma Medical Equipment Corporate Summary
Table 68. Jiangsu Xinma Medical Equipment Leep Product Offerings
Table 69. Jiangsu Xinma Medical Equipment Leep Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 70. Bissinger Medizintechnik Corporate Summary
Table 71. Bissinger Medizintechnik Leep Product Offerings
Table 72. Bissinger Medizintechnik Leep Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 73. Ellman International Corporate Summary
Table 74. Ellman International Leep Product Offerings
Table 75. Ellman International Leep Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 76. Leep Production Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2020-2022 (K Units)
Table 77. Global Leep Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2020-2022
Table 78. Global Leep Production by Region, 2017-2022 (K Units)
Table 79. Global Leep Production by Region, 2023-2028 (K Units)
Table 80. Leep Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 81. Leep Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 82. Leep Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 83. Leep Raw Materials
Table 84. Leep Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 85. Typical Leep Downstream
Table 86. Leep Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 87. Leep Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market

List Of Figures

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Leep Segment by Type
Figure 2. Leep Segment by Application
Figure 3. Global Leep Market Overview: 2021
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Leep Market Size: 2021 VS 2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Leep Revenue, 2017-2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Leep Sales in Global Market: 2017-2028 (K Units)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Leep Revenue in 2021
Figure 9. By Type - Global Leep Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 10. By Type - Global Leep Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 11. By Type - Global Leep Price (USD/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 12. By Application - Global Leep Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 13. By Application - Global Leep Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 14. By Application - Global Leep Price (USD/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 15. By Region - Global Leep Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 16. By Region - Global Leep Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 17. By Country - North America Leep Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 18. By Country - North America Leep Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 19. US Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 20. Canada Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 21. Mexico Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 22. By Country - Europe Leep Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 23. By Country - Europe Leep Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 24. Germany Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 25. France Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 26. U.K. Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 27. Italy Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 28. Russia Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 29. Nordic Countries Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 30. Benelux Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 31. By Region - Asia Leep Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 32. By Region - Asia Leep Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 33. China Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 34. Japan Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 35. South Korea Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 36. Southeast Asia Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 37. India Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 38. By Country - South America Leep Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 39. By Country - South America Leep Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 40. Brazil Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 41. Argentina Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Leep Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Leep Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 44. Turkey Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 45. Israel Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 46. Saudi Arabia Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 47. UAE Leep Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 48. Global Leep Production Capacity (K Units), 2017-2028
Figure 49. The Percentage of Production Leep by Region, 2021 VS 2028
Figure 50. Leep Industry Value Chain
Figure 51. Marketing Channels