Global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Supply, Demand and Key Producers, 2023-2029
The global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models market size is expected to reach $ million by 2029, rising at a market growth of % CAGR during the forecast period (2023-2029).
Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Model uses micro-processing technology to produce a bionic system that can simulate the main functions of multiple human organs on a microfluidic chip. Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip can construct multiple organs in different functional areas at the same time and connect them through chip pipelines.
This report studies the global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models demand, key companies, and key regions.
This report is a detailed and comprehensive analysis of the world market for Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models, and provides market size (US$ million) and Year-over-Year (YoY) growth, considering 2022 as the base year. This report explores demand trends and competition, as well as details the characteristics of Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models that contribute to its increasing demand across many markets.
Highlights and key features of the study
Global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models total market, 2018-2029, (USD Million)
Global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models total market by region & country, CAGR, 2018-2029, (USD Million)
U.S. VS China: Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models total market, key domestic companies and share, (USD Million)
Global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models revenue by player and market share 2018-2023, (USD Million)
Global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models total market by Type, CAGR, 2018-2029, (USD Million)
Global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models total market by Application, CAGR, 2018-2029, (USD Million).
This reports profiles major players in the global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models market based on the following parameters – company overview, revenue, gross margin, product portfolio, geographical presence, and key developments. Key companies covered as a part of this study include Mimetas, TissUse, CN Bio Innovations, Hesperos, AxoSim, Elvesys and Beijing Abace Biotechnology, etc.
This report also provides key insights about market drivers, restraints, opportunities, new product launches or approvals, COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War Influence.
Stakeholders would have ease in decision-making through various strategy matrices used in analyzing the World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models market.
Detailed Segmentation:
Each section contains quantitative market data including market by value (US$ Millions), by player, by regions, by Type, and by Application. Data is given for the years 2018-2029 by year with 2022 as the base year, 2023 as the estimate year, and 2024-2029 as the forecast year.
Global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market, By Region:
1. How big is the global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models market?
2. What is the demand of the global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models market?
3. What is the year over year growth of the global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models market?
4. What is the total value of the global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models market?
5. Who are the major players in the global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models market?
6. What are the growth factors driving the market demand?
Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Model uses micro-processing technology to produce a bionic system that can simulate the main functions of multiple human organs on a microfluidic chip. Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip can construct multiple organs in different functional areas at the same time and connect them through chip pipelines.
This report studies the global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models demand, key companies, and key regions.
This report is a detailed and comprehensive analysis of the world market for Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models, and provides market size (US$ million) and Year-over-Year (YoY) growth, considering 2022 as the base year. This report explores demand trends and competition, as well as details the characteristics of Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models that contribute to its increasing demand across many markets.
Highlights and key features of the study
Global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models total market, 2018-2029, (USD Million)
Global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models total market by region & country, CAGR, 2018-2029, (USD Million)
U.S. VS China: Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models total market, key domestic companies and share, (USD Million)
Global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models revenue by player and market share 2018-2023, (USD Million)
Global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models total market by Type, CAGR, 2018-2029, (USD Million)
Global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models total market by Application, CAGR, 2018-2029, (USD Million).
This reports profiles major players in the global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models market based on the following parameters – company overview, revenue, gross margin, product portfolio, geographical presence, and key developments. Key companies covered as a part of this study include Mimetas, TissUse, CN Bio Innovations, Hesperos, AxoSim, Elvesys and Beijing Abace Biotechnology, etc.
This report also provides key insights about market drivers, restraints, opportunities, new product launches or approvals, COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War Influence.
Stakeholders would have ease in decision-making through various strategy matrices used in analyzing the World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models market.
Detailed Segmentation:
Each section contains quantitative market data including market by value (US$ Millions), by player, by regions, by Type, and by Application. Data is given for the years 2018-2029 by year with 2022 as the base year, 2023 as the estimate year, and 2024-2029 as the forecast year.
Global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market, By Region:
- United States
- China
- Europe
- Japan
- South Korea
- ASEAN
- India
- Rest of World
- Gut/Liver-on-a-chip Model
- Lung/Liver-on-a-chip Model
- Nerve/Muscle-on-a-chip Model
- Heart/Liver-on-a-chip Model
- Others
- Pharmaceutical
- Research Institute
- Others
- Mimetas
- TissUse
- CN Bio Innovations
- Hesperos
- AxoSim
- Elvesys
- Beijing Abace Biotechnology
1. How big is the global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models market?
2. What is the demand of the global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models market?
3. What is the year over year growth of the global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models market?
4. What is the total value of the global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models market?
5. Who are the major players in the global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models market?
6. What are the growth factors driving the market demand?
1 SUPPLY SUMMARY
1.1 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Introduction
1.2 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size & Forecast (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
1.3 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Total Market by Region (by Headquarter Location)
1.3.1 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Region (2018-2029), (by Headquarter Location)
1.3.2 United States Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size (2018-2029)
1.3.3 China Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size (2018-2029)
1.3.4 Europe Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size (2018-2029)
1.3.5 Japan Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size (2018-2029)
1.3.6 South Korea Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size (2018-2029)
1.3.7 ASEAN Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size (2018-2029)
1.3.8 India Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size (2018-2029)
1.4 Market Drivers, Restraints and Trends
1.4.1 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Drivers
1.4.2 Factors Affecting Demand
1.4.3 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Major Market Trends
1.5 Influence of COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War
1.5.1 Influence of COVID-19
1.5.2 Influence of Russia-Ukraine War
2 DEMAND SUMMARY
2.1 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029)
2.2 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value by Region
2.2.1 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value by Region (2018-2023)
2.2.2 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value Forecast by Region (2024-2029)
2.3 United States Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029)
2.4 China Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029)
2.5 Europe Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029)
2.6 Japan Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029)
2.7 South Korea Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029)
2.8 ASEAN Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029)
2.9 India Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029)
3 WORLD MULTI-ORGAN-ON-A-CHIP MODELS COMPANIES COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS
3.1 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue by Player (2018-2023)
3.2 Industry Rank and Concentration Rate (CR)
3.2.1 Global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Industry Rank of Major Players
3.2.2 Global Concentration Ratios (CR4) for Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models in 2022
3.2.3 Global Concentration Ratios (CR8) for Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models in 2022
3.3 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Company Evaluation Quadrant
3.4 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market: Overall Company Footprint Analysis
3.4.1 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market: Region Footprint
3.4.2 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market: Company Product Type Footprint
3.4.3 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market: Company Product Application Footprint
3.5 Competitive Environment
3.5.1 Historical Structure of the Industry
3.5.2 Barriers of Market Entry
3.5.3 Factors of Competition
3.6 Mergers, Acquisitions Activity
4 UNITED STATES VS CHINA VS REST OF THE WORLD (BY HEADQUARTER LOCATION)
4.1 United States VS China: Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue Comparison (by Headquarter Location)
4.1.1 United States VS China: Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029) (by Headquarter Location)
4.1.2 United States VS China: Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue Market Share Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
4.2 United States Based Companies VS China Based Companies: Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value Comparison
4.2.1 United States VS China: Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
4.2.2 United States VS China: Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value Market Share Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
4.3 United States Based Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Companies and Market Share, 2018-2023
4.3.1 United States Based Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Companies, Headquarters (States, Country)
4.3.2 United States Based Companies Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, (2018-2023)
4.4 China Based Companies Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue and Market Share, 2018-2023
4.4.1 China Based Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Companies, Company Headquarters (Province, Country)
4.4.2 China Based Companies Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, (2018-2023)
4.5 Rest of World Based Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Companies and Market Share, 2018-2023
4.5.1 Rest of World Based Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Companies, Headquarters (States, Country)
4.5.2 Rest of World Based Companies Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, (2018-2023)
5 MARKET ANALYSIS BY TYPE
5.1 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size Overview by Type: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
5.2 Segment Introduction by Type
5.2.1 Gut/Liver-on-a-chip Model
5.2.2 Lung/Liver-on-a-chip Model
5.2.3 Nerve/Muscle-on-a-chip Model
5.2.4 Heart/Liver-on-a-chip Model
5.2.5 Others
5.3 Market Segment by Type
5.3.1 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Type (2018-2023)
5.3.2 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Type (2024-2029)
5.3.3 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
6 MARKET ANALYSIS BY APPLICATION
6.1 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size Overview by Application: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
6.2 Segment Introduction by Application
6.2.1 Pharmaceutical
6.2.2 Research Institute
6.2.3 Others
6.3 Market Segment by Application
6.3.1 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Application (2018-2023)
6.3.2 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Application (2024-2029)
6.3.3 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Application (2018-2029)
7 COMPANY PROFILES
7.1 Mimetas
7.1.1 Mimetas Details
7.1.2 Mimetas Major Business
7.1.3 Mimetas Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
7.1.4 Mimetas Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
7.1.5 Mimetas Recent Developments/Updates
7.1.6 Mimetas Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
7.2 TissUse
7.2.1 TissUse Details
7.2.2 TissUse Major Business
7.2.3 TissUse Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
7.2.4 TissUse Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
7.2.5 TissUse Recent Developments/Updates
7.2.6 TissUse Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
7.3 CN Bio Innovations
7.3.1 CN Bio Innovations Details
7.3.2 CN Bio Innovations Major Business
7.3.3 CN Bio Innovations Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
7.3.4 CN Bio Innovations Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
7.3.5 CN Bio Innovations Recent Developments/Updates
7.3.6 CN Bio Innovations Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
7.4 Hesperos
7.4.1 Hesperos Details
7.4.2 Hesperos Major Business
7.4.3 Hesperos Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
7.4.4 Hesperos Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
7.4.5 Hesperos Recent Developments/Updates
7.4.6 Hesperos Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
7.5 AxoSim
7.5.1 AxoSim Details
7.5.2 AxoSim Major Business
7.5.3 AxoSim Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
7.5.4 AxoSim Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
7.5.5 AxoSim Recent Developments/Updates
7.5.6 AxoSim Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
7.6 Elvesys
7.6.1 Elvesys Details
7.6.2 Elvesys Major Business
7.6.3 Elvesys Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
7.6.4 Elvesys Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
7.6.5 Elvesys Recent Developments/Updates
7.6.6 Elvesys Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
7.7 Beijing Abace Biotechnology
7.7.1 Beijing Abace Biotechnology Details
7.7.2 Beijing Abace Biotechnology Major Business
7.7.3 Beijing Abace Biotechnology Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
7.7.4 Beijing Abace Biotechnology Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
7.7.5 Beijing Abace Biotechnology Recent Developments/Updates
7.7.6 Beijing Abace Biotechnology Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
8 INDUSTRY CHAIN ANALYSIS
8.1 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Industry Chain
8.2 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Upstream Analysis
8.3 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Midstream Analysis
8.4 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Downstream Analysis
9 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION
10 APPENDIX
10.1 Methodology
10.2 Research Process and Data Source
10.3 Disclaimer
1.1 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Introduction
1.2 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size & Forecast (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
1.3 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Total Market by Region (by Headquarter Location)
1.3.1 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Region (2018-2029), (by Headquarter Location)
1.3.2 United States Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size (2018-2029)
1.3.3 China Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size (2018-2029)
1.3.4 Europe Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size (2018-2029)
1.3.5 Japan Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size (2018-2029)
1.3.6 South Korea Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size (2018-2029)
1.3.7 ASEAN Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size (2018-2029)
1.3.8 India Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size (2018-2029)
1.4 Market Drivers, Restraints and Trends
1.4.1 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Drivers
1.4.2 Factors Affecting Demand
1.4.3 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Major Market Trends
1.5 Influence of COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War
1.5.1 Influence of COVID-19
1.5.2 Influence of Russia-Ukraine War
2 DEMAND SUMMARY
2.1 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029)
2.2 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value by Region
2.2.1 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value by Region (2018-2023)
2.2.2 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value Forecast by Region (2024-2029)
2.3 United States Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029)
2.4 China Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029)
2.5 Europe Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029)
2.6 Japan Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029)
2.7 South Korea Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029)
2.8 ASEAN Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029)
2.9 India Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029)
3 WORLD MULTI-ORGAN-ON-A-CHIP MODELS COMPANIES COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS
3.1 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue by Player (2018-2023)
3.2 Industry Rank and Concentration Rate (CR)
3.2.1 Global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Industry Rank of Major Players
3.2.2 Global Concentration Ratios (CR4) for Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models in 2022
3.2.3 Global Concentration Ratios (CR8) for Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models in 2022
3.3 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Company Evaluation Quadrant
3.4 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market: Overall Company Footprint Analysis
3.4.1 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market: Region Footprint
3.4.2 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market: Company Product Type Footprint
3.4.3 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market: Company Product Application Footprint
3.5 Competitive Environment
3.5.1 Historical Structure of the Industry
3.5.2 Barriers of Market Entry
3.5.3 Factors of Competition
3.6 Mergers, Acquisitions Activity
4 UNITED STATES VS CHINA VS REST OF THE WORLD (BY HEADQUARTER LOCATION)
4.1 United States VS China: Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue Comparison (by Headquarter Location)
4.1.1 United States VS China: Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029) (by Headquarter Location)
4.1.2 United States VS China: Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue Market Share Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
4.2 United States Based Companies VS China Based Companies: Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value Comparison
4.2.1 United States VS China: Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
4.2.2 United States VS China: Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value Market Share Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
4.3 United States Based Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Companies and Market Share, 2018-2023
4.3.1 United States Based Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Companies, Headquarters (States, Country)
4.3.2 United States Based Companies Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, (2018-2023)
4.4 China Based Companies Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue and Market Share, 2018-2023
4.4.1 China Based Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Companies, Company Headquarters (Province, Country)
4.4.2 China Based Companies Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, (2018-2023)
4.5 Rest of World Based Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Companies and Market Share, 2018-2023
4.5.1 Rest of World Based Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Companies, Headquarters (States, Country)
4.5.2 Rest of World Based Companies Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, (2018-2023)
5 MARKET ANALYSIS BY TYPE
5.1 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size Overview by Type: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
5.2 Segment Introduction by Type
5.2.1 Gut/Liver-on-a-chip Model
5.2.2 Lung/Liver-on-a-chip Model
5.2.3 Nerve/Muscle-on-a-chip Model
5.2.4 Heart/Liver-on-a-chip Model
5.2.5 Others
5.3 Market Segment by Type
5.3.1 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Type (2018-2023)
5.3.2 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Type (2024-2029)
5.3.3 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
6 MARKET ANALYSIS BY APPLICATION
6.1 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size Overview by Application: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
6.2 Segment Introduction by Application
6.2.1 Pharmaceutical
6.2.2 Research Institute
6.2.3 Others
6.3 Market Segment by Application
6.3.1 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Application (2018-2023)
6.3.2 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Application (2024-2029)
6.3.3 World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Application (2018-2029)
7 COMPANY PROFILES
7.1 Mimetas
7.1.1 Mimetas Details
7.1.2 Mimetas Major Business
7.1.3 Mimetas Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
7.1.4 Mimetas Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
7.1.5 Mimetas Recent Developments/Updates
7.1.6 Mimetas Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
7.2 TissUse
7.2.1 TissUse Details
7.2.2 TissUse Major Business
7.2.3 TissUse Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
7.2.4 TissUse Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
7.2.5 TissUse Recent Developments/Updates
7.2.6 TissUse Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
7.3 CN Bio Innovations
7.3.1 CN Bio Innovations Details
7.3.2 CN Bio Innovations Major Business
7.3.3 CN Bio Innovations Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
7.3.4 CN Bio Innovations Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
7.3.5 CN Bio Innovations Recent Developments/Updates
7.3.6 CN Bio Innovations Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
7.4 Hesperos
7.4.1 Hesperos Details
7.4.2 Hesperos Major Business
7.4.3 Hesperos Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
7.4.4 Hesperos Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
7.4.5 Hesperos Recent Developments/Updates
7.4.6 Hesperos Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
7.5 AxoSim
7.5.1 AxoSim Details
7.5.2 AxoSim Major Business
7.5.3 AxoSim Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
7.5.4 AxoSim Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
7.5.5 AxoSim Recent Developments/Updates
7.5.6 AxoSim Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
7.6 Elvesys
7.6.1 Elvesys Details
7.6.2 Elvesys Major Business
7.6.3 Elvesys Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
7.6.4 Elvesys Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
7.6.5 Elvesys Recent Developments/Updates
7.6.6 Elvesys Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
7.7 Beijing Abace Biotechnology
7.7.1 Beijing Abace Biotechnology Details
7.7.2 Beijing Abace Biotechnology Major Business
7.7.3 Beijing Abace Biotechnology Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
7.7.4 Beijing Abace Biotechnology Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023)
7.7.5 Beijing Abace Biotechnology Recent Developments/Updates
7.7.6 Beijing Abace Biotechnology Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
8 INDUSTRY CHAIN ANALYSIS
8.1 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Industry Chain
8.2 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Upstream Analysis
8.3 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Midstream Analysis
8.4 Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Downstream Analysis
9 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION
10 APPENDIX
10.1 Methodology
10.2 Research Process and Data Source
10.3 Disclaimer
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue by Region (2018, 2022 and 2029) & (USD Million), (by Headquarter Location)
Table 2. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue by Region (2018-2023) & (USD Million), (by Headquarter Location)
Table 3. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue by Region (2024-2029) & (USD Million), (by Headquarter Location)
Table 4. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue Market Share by Region (2018-2023), (by Headquarter Location)
Table 5. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue Market Share by Region (2024-2029), (by Headquarter Location)
Table 6. Major Market Trends
Table 7. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value Growth Rate Forecast by Region (2018 & 2022 & 2029) & (USD Million)
Table 8. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value by Region (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 9. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value Forecast by Region (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 10. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue by Player (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 11. Revenue Market Share of Key Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Players in 2022
Table 12. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Industry Rank of Major Player, Based on Revenue in 2022
Table 13. Global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Company Evaluation Quadrant
Table 14. Head Office of Key Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Player
Table 15. Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market: Company Product Type Footprint
Table 16. Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market: Company Product Application Footprint
Table 17. Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Mergers & Acquisitions Activity
Table 18. United States VS China Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size Comparison, (2018 & 2022 & 2029) & (USD Million)
Table 19. United States VS China Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value Comparison, (2018 & 2022 & 2029) & (USD Million)
Table 20. United States Based Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Companies, Headquarters (States, Country)
Table 21. United States Based Companies Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 22. United States Based Companies Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 23. China Based Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Companies, Headquarters (Province, Country)
Table 24. China Based Companies Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 25. China Based Companies Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 26. Rest of World Based Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Companies, Headquarters (States, Country)
Table 27. Rest of World Based Companies Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 28. Rest of World Based Companies Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 29. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Type, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Table 30. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Type (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 31. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Type (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 32. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Application, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Table 33. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Application (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 34. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Application (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 35. Mimetas Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
Table 36. Mimetas Major Business
Table 37. Mimetas Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
Table 38. Mimetas Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 39. Mimetas Recent Developments/Updates
Table 40. Mimetas Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
Table 41. TissUse Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
Table 42. TissUse Major Business
Table 43. TissUse Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
Table 44. TissUse Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 45. TissUse Recent Developments/Updates
Table 46. TissUse Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
Table 47. CN Bio Innovations Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
Table 48. CN Bio Innovations Major Business
Table 49. CN Bio Innovations Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
Table 50. CN Bio Innovations Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 51. CN Bio Innovations Recent Developments/Updates
Table 52. CN Bio Innovations Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
Table 53. Hesperos Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
Table 54. Hesperos Major Business
Table 55. Hesperos Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
Table 56. Hesperos Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 57. Hesperos Recent Developments/Updates
Table 58. Hesperos Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
Table 59. AxoSim Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
Table 60. AxoSim Major Business
Table 61. AxoSim Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
Table 62. AxoSim Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 63. AxoSim Recent Developments/Updates
Table 64. AxoSim Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
Table 65. Elvesys Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
Table 66. Elvesys Major Business
Table 67. Elvesys Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
Table 68. Elvesys Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 69. Elvesys Recent Developments/Updates
Table 70. Beijing Abace Biotechnology Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
Table 71. Beijing Abace Biotechnology Major Business
Table 72. Beijing Abace Biotechnology Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
Table 73. Beijing Abace Biotechnology Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 74. Global Key Players of Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Upstream (Raw Materials)
Table 75. Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Typical Customers
Table 1. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue by Region (2018, 2022 and 2029) & (USD Million), (by Headquarter Location)
Table 2. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue by Region (2018-2023) & (USD Million), (by Headquarter Location)
Table 3. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue by Region (2024-2029) & (USD Million), (by Headquarter Location)
Table 4. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue Market Share by Region (2018-2023), (by Headquarter Location)
Table 5. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue Market Share by Region (2024-2029), (by Headquarter Location)
Table 6. Major Market Trends
Table 7. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value Growth Rate Forecast by Region (2018 & 2022 & 2029) & (USD Million)
Table 8. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value by Region (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 9. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value Forecast by Region (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 10. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue by Player (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 11. Revenue Market Share of Key Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Players in 2022
Table 12. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Industry Rank of Major Player, Based on Revenue in 2022
Table 13. Global Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Company Evaluation Quadrant
Table 14. Head Office of Key Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Player
Table 15. Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market: Company Product Type Footprint
Table 16. Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market: Company Product Application Footprint
Table 17. Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Mergers & Acquisitions Activity
Table 18. United States VS China Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size Comparison, (2018 & 2022 & 2029) & (USD Million)
Table 19. United States VS China Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value Comparison, (2018 & 2022 & 2029) & (USD Million)
Table 20. United States Based Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Companies, Headquarters (States, Country)
Table 21. United States Based Companies Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 22. United States Based Companies Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 23. China Based Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Companies, Headquarters (Province, Country)
Table 24. China Based Companies Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 25. China Based Companies Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 26. Rest of World Based Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Companies, Headquarters (States, Country)
Table 27. Rest of World Based Companies Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 28. Rest of World Based Companies Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue Market Share (2018-2023)
Table 29. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Type, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Table 30. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Type (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 31. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Type (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 32. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Application, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Table 33. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Application (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 34. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Application (2024-2029) & (USD Million)
Table 35. Mimetas Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
Table 36. Mimetas Major Business
Table 37. Mimetas Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
Table 38. Mimetas Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 39. Mimetas Recent Developments/Updates
Table 40. Mimetas Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
Table 41. TissUse Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
Table 42. TissUse Major Business
Table 43. TissUse Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
Table 44. TissUse Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 45. TissUse Recent Developments/Updates
Table 46. TissUse Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
Table 47. CN Bio Innovations Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
Table 48. CN Bio Innovations Major Business
Table 49. CN Bio Innovations Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
Table 50. CN Bio Innovations Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 51. CN Bio Innovations Recent Developments/Updates
Table 52. CN Bio Innovations Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
Table 53. Hesperos Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
Table 54. Hesperos Major Business
Table 55. Hesperos Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
Table 56. Hesperos Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 57. Hesperos Recent Developments/Updates
Table 58. Hesperos Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
Table 59. AxoSim Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
Table 60. AxoSim Major Business
Table 61. AxoSim Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
Table 62. AxoSim Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 63. AxoSim Recent Developments/Updates
Table 64. AxoSim Competitive Strengths & Weaknesses
Table 65. Elvesys Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
Table 66. Elvesys Major Business
Table 67. Elvesys Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
Table 68. Elvesys Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 69. Elvesys Recent Developments/Updates
Table 70. Beijing Abace Biotechnology Basic Information, Area Served and Competitors
Table 71. Beijing Abace Biotechnology Major Business
Table 72. Beijing Abace Biotechnology Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Product and Services
Table 73. Beijing Abace Biotechnology Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2018-2023) & (USD Million)
Table 74. Global Key Players of Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Upstream (Raw Materials)
Table 75. Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Typical Customers
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Picture
Figure 2. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Total Market Size: 2018 & 2022 & 2029, (USD Million)
Figure 3. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Total Market Size (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 4. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue Market Share by Region (2018, 2022 and 2029) & (USD Million) , (by Headquarter Location)
Figure 5. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue Market Share by Region (2018-2029), (by Headquarter Location)
Figure 6. United States Based Company Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 7. China Based Company Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 8. Europe Based Company Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 9. Japan Based Company Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 10. South Korea Based Company Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 11. ASEAN Based Company Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 12. India Based Company Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 13. Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Drivers
Figure 14. Factors Affecting Demand
Figure 15. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 16. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 17. United States Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 18. China Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 19. Europe Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 20. Japan Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 21. South Korea Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 22. ASEAN Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 23. India Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 24. Producer Shipments of Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models by Player Revenue ($MM) and Market Share (%): 2022
Figure 25. Global Four-firm Concentration Ratios (CR4) for Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Markets in 2022
Figure 26. Global Four-firm Concentration Ratios (CR8) for Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Markets in 2022
Figure 27. United States VS China: Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue Market Share Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
Figure 28. United States VS China: Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value Market Share Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
Figure 29. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Type, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Figure 30. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size Market Share by Type in 2022
Figure 31. Gut/Liver-on-a-chip Model
Figure 32. Lung/Liver-on-a-chip Model
Figure 33. Nerve/Muscle-on-a-chip Model
Figure 34. Heart/Liver-on-a-chip Model
Figure 35. Others
Figure 36. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 37. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Application, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Figure 38. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size Market Share by Application in 2022
Figure 39. Pharmaceutical
Figure 40. Research Institute
Figure 41. Others
Figure 42. Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Industrial Chain
Figure 43. Methodology
Figure 44. Research Process and Data Source
Figure 1. Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Picture
Figure 2. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Total Market Size: 2018 & 2022 & 2029, (USD Million)
Figure 3. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Total Market Size (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 4. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue Market Share by Region (2018, 2022 and 2029) & (USD Million) , (by Headquarter Location)
Figure 5. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue Market Share by Region (2018-2029), (by Headquarter Location)
Figure 6. United States Based Company Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 7. China Based Company Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 8. Europe Based Company Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 9. Japan Based Company Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 10. South Korea Based Company Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 11. ASEAN Based Company Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 12. India Based Company Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 13. Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Drivers
Figure 14. Factors Affecting Demand
Figure 15. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 16. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2018-2029)
Figure 17. United States Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 18. China Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 19. Europe Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 20. Japan Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 21. South Korea Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 22. ASEAN Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 23. India Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value (2018-2029) & (USD Million)
Figure 24. Producer Shipments of Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models by Player Revenue ($MM) and Market Share (%): 2022
Figure 25. Global Four-firm Concentration Ratios (CR4) for Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Markets in 2022
Figure 26. Global Four-firm Concentration Ratios (CR8) for Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Markets in 2022
Figure 27. United States VS China: Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Revenue Market Share Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
Figure 28. United States VS China: Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Consumption Value Market Share Comparison (2018 & 2022 & 2029)
Figure 29. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Type, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Figure 30. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size Market Share by Type in 2022
Figure 31. Gut/Liver-on-a-chip Model
Figure 32. Lung/Liver-on-a-chip Model
Figure 33. Nerve/Muscle-on-a-chip Model
Figure 34. Heart/Liver-on-a-chip Model
Figure 35. Others
Figure 36. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
Figure 37. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size by Application, (USD Million), 2018 & 2022 & 2029
Figure 38. World Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Market Size Market Share by Application in 2022
Figure 39. Pharmaceutical
Figure 40. Research Institute
Figure 41. Others
Figure 42. Multi-Organ-on-a-Chip Models Industrial Chain
Figure 43. Methodology
Figure 44. Research Process and Data Source
