Demineralized Allografts Market - Global Outlook and Forecast 2021-2027

January 2021 | 94 pages | ID: D26EB7354AF0EN
Market Monitor Global

Abstracts

This report contains market size and forecasts of Demineralized Allografts in global, including the following market information:
Global Demineralized Allografts Market Revenue, 2016-2021, 2022-2027, ($ millions)
Global Demineralized Allografts Market Sales, 2016-2021, 2022-2027, (K Units)
Global top five Demineralized Allografts companies in 2020 (%)
The global Demineralized Allografts market was valued at 789.5 million in 2020 and is projected to reach US$ 1023.3 million by 2027, at a CAGR of 6.7% during the forecast period.
MARKET MONITOR GLOBAL, INC (MMG) has surveyed the Demineralized Allografts manufacturers, suppliers, distributors and industry experts on this industry, involving the sales, revenue, demand, price change, product type, recent development and plan, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.

Total Market by Segment:

Global Demineralized Allografts Market, By Type, 2016-2021, 2022-2027 ($ Millions) & (K Units)
Global Demineralized Allografts Market Segment Percentages, By Type, 2020 (%)

• Gel
• Putty
• Putty with Chips
• Others

Global Demineralized Allografts Market, By Application, 2016-2021, 2022-2027 ($ Millions) & (K Units)
Global Demineralized Allografts Market Segment Percentages, By Application, 2020 (%)

• Dental
• Spine Surgery
• Trauma Surgery

Global Demineralized Allografts Market, By Region and Country, 2016-2021, 2022-2027 ($ Millions) & (K Units)
Global Demineralized Allografts Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2020 (%)

• North America
• US
• Canada
• Mexico
• Europe
• Germany
• France
• U.K.
• Italy
• Russia
• Nordic Countries
• Benelux
• Rest of Europe
• Asia
• China
• Japan
• South Korea
• Southeast Asia
• India
• Rest of Asia
• South America
• Brazil
• Argentina
• Rest of South America
• Middle East & Africa
• Turkey
• Israel
• Saudi Arabia
• UAE
• Rest of Middle East & Africa

Competitor Analysis

The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:

Key companies Demineralized Allografts revenues in global market, 2016-2021 (Estimated), ($ millions)
Key companies Demineralized Allografts revenues share in global market, 2020 (%)
Key companies Demineralized Allografts sales in global market, 2016-2021 (Estimated), (K Units)
Key companies Demineralized Allografts sales share in global market, 2020 (%)
Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:

• Medtronic
• J &J (DePuy Synthes)
• Zimmer
• Stryker Corporation
• Straumann
• RTI Surgical
• Surgical Esthetics

Contents

1 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH & ANALYSIS REPORTS

1.1 Demineralized Allografts Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
  1.2.1 Market by Type
  1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Demineralized Allografts Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
  1.5.1 Research Methodology
  1.5.2 Research Process
  1.5.3 Base Year
  1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats

2 GLOBAL DEMINERALIZED ALLOGRAFTS OVERALL MARKET SIZE

2.1 Global Demineralized Allografts Market Size: 2021 VS 2027
2.2 Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2016-2027
2.3 Global Demineralized Allografts Sales (Consumption): 2016-2027

3 COMPANY LANDSCAPE

3.1 Top Demineralized Allografts Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Demineralized Allografts Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Demineralized Allografts Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Demineralized Allografts Price by Manufacturer (2016-2021)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Demineralized Allografts Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2020
3.7 Global Manufacturers Demineralized Allografts Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Demineralized Allografts Players in Global Market
  3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Demineralized Allografts Companies
  3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Demineralized Allografts Companies

4 SIGHTS BY PRODUCT

4.1 Overview
  4.1.1 By Type - Global Demineralized Allografts Market Size Markets, 2021 & 2027
  4.1.2 Gel
  4.1.3 Putty
  4.1.4 Putty with Chips
  4.1.5 Others
4.2 By Type - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue & Forecasts
  4.2.1 By Type - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue, 2016-2021
  4.2.2 By Type - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue, 2022-2027
  4.2.3 By Type - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
4.3 By Type - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales & Forecasts
  4.3.1 By Type - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales, 2016-2021
  4.3.2 By Type - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales, 2022-2027
  4.3.3 By Type - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
4.4 By Type - Global Demineralized Allografts Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2016-2027

5 SIGHTS BY APPLICATION

5.1 Overview
  5.1.1 By Application - Global Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2021 & 2027
  5.1.2 Dental
  5.1.3 Spine Surgery
  5.1.4 Trauma Surgery
5.2 By Application - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue & Forecasts
  5.2.1 By Application - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue, 2016-2021
  5.2.2 By Application - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue, 2022-2027
  5.2.3 By Application - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
5.3 By Application - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales & Forecasts
  5.3.1 By Application - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales, 2016-2021
  5.3.2 By Application - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales, 2022-2027
  5.3.3 By Application - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
5.4 By Application - Global Demineralized Allografts Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2016-2027

6 SIGHTS BY REGION

6.1 By Region - Global Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2021 & 2027
6.2 By Region - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue & Forecasts
  6.2.1 By Region - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue, 2016-2021
  6.2.2 By Region - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue, 2022-2027
  6.2.3 By Region - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
6.3 By Region - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales & Forecasts
  6.3.1 By Region - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales, 2016-2021
  6.3.2 By Region - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales, 2022-2027
  6.3.3 By Region - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
6.4 North America
  6.4.1 By Country - North America Demineralized Allografts Revenue, 2016-2027
  6.4.2 By Country - North America Demineralized Allografts Sales, 2016-2027
  6.4.3 US Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.4.4 Canada Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.4.5 Mexico Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027
6.5 Europe
  6.5.1 By Country - Europe Demineralized Allografts Revenue, 2016-2027
  6.5.2 By Country - Europe Demineralized Allografts Sales, 2016-2027
  6.5.3 Germany Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.5.4 France Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.5.5 U.K. Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.5.6 Italy Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.5.7 Russia Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.5.8 Nordic Countries Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.5.9 Benelux Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027
6.6 Asia
  6.6.1 By Region - Asia Demineralized Allografts Revenue, 2016-2027
  6.6.2 By Region - Asia Demineralized Allografts Sales, 2016-2027
  6.6.3 China Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.6.4 Japan Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.6.5 South Korea Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.6.6 Southeast Asia Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.6.7 India Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027
6.7 South America
  6.7.1 By Country - South America Demineralized Allografts Revenue, 2016-2027
  6.7.2 By Country - South America Demineralized Allografts Sales, 2016-2027
  6.7.3 Brazil Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.7.4 Argentina Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027
6.8 Middle East & Africa
  6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Demineralized Allografts Revenue, 2016-2027
  6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Demineralized Allografts Sales, 2016-2027
  6.8.3 Turkey Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.8.4 Israel Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.8.6 UAE Demineralized Allografts Market Size, 2016-2027

7 MANUFACTURERS & BRANDS PROFILES

7.1 Medtronic
  7.1.1 Medtronic Corporate Summary
  7.1.2 Medtronic Business Overview
  7.1.3 Medtronic Demineralized Allografts Major Product Offerings
  7.1.4 Medtronic Demineralized Allografts Sales and Revenue in Global (2016-2021)
  7.1.5 Medtronic Key News
7.2 J &J (DePuy Synthes)
  7.2.1 J &J (DePuy Synthes) Corporate Summary
  7.2.2 J &J (DePuy Synthes) Business Overview
  7.2.3 J &J (DePuy Synthes) Demineralized Allografts Major Product Offerings
  7.2.4 J &J (DePuy Synthes) Demineralized Allografts Sales and Revenue in Global (2016-2021)
  7.2.5 J &J (DePuy Synthes) Key News
7.3 Zimmer
  7.3.1 Zimmer Corporate Summary
  7.3.2 Zimmer Business Overview
  7.3.3 Zimmer Demineralized Allografts Major Product Offerings
  7.3.4 Zimmer Demineralized Allografts Sales and Revenue in Global (2016-2021)
  7.3.5 Zimmer Key News
7.4 Stryker Corporation
  7.4.1 Stryker Corporation Corporate Summary
  7.4.2 Stryker Corporation Business Overview
  7.4.3 Stryker Corporation Demineralized Allografts Major Product Offerings
  7.4.4 Stryker Corporation Demineralized Allografts Sales and Revenue in Global (2016-2021)
  7.4.5 Stryker Corporation Key News
7.5 Straumann
  7.5.1 Straumann Corporate Summary
  7.5.2 Straumann Business Overview
  7.5.3 Straumann Demineralized Allografts Major Product Offerings
  7.5.4 Straumann Demineralized Allografts Sales and Revenue in Global (2016-2021)
  7.5.5 Straumann Key News
7.6 RTI Surgical
  7.6.1 RTI Surgical Corporate Summary
  7.6.2 RTI Surgical Business Overview
  7.6.3 RTI Surgical Demineralized Allografts Major Product Offerings
  7.6.4 RTI Surgical Demineralized Allografts Sales and Revenue in Global (2016-2021)
  7.6.5 RTI Surgical Key News
7.7 Surgical Esthetics
  7.7.1 Surgical Esthetics Corporate Summary
  7.7.2 Surgical Esthetics Business Overview
  7.7.3 Surgical Esthetics Demineralized Allografts Major Product Offerings
  7.4.4 Surgical Esthetics Demineralized Allografts Sales and Revenue in Global (2016-2021)
  7.7.5 Surgical Esthetics Key News

8 GLOBAL DEMINERALIZED ALLOGRAFTS PRODUCTION CAPACITY, ANALYSIS

8.1 Global Demineralized Allografts Production Capacity, 2016-2027
8.2 Demineralized Allografts Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Demineralized Allografts Production by Region

9 KEY MARKET TRENDS, OPPORTUNITY, DRIVERS AND RESTRAINTS

9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints

10 DEMINERALIZED ALLOGRAFTS SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS

10.1 Demineralized Allografts Industry Value Chain
10.2 Demineralized Allografts Upstream Market
10.3 Demineralized Allografts Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
  10.4.1 Marketing Channels
  10.4.2 Demineralized Allografts Distributors and Sales Agents in Global

11 CONCLUSION

12 APPENDIX

12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Key Players of Demineralized Allografts in Global Market
Table 2. Top Demineralized Allografts Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2019)
Table 3. Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 4. Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue Share by Companies, 2016-2021
Table 5. Global Demineralized Allografts Sales by Companies, (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 6. Global Demineralized Allografts Sales Share by Companies, 2016-2021
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Demineralized Allografts Price (2016-2021) & (USD/Unit)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Demineralized Allografts Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Demineralized Allografts Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2020 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Demineralized Allografts Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2020 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type – Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2027
Table 12. By Type - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 13. By Type - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue (US$, Mn), 2022-2027
Table 14. By Type - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 15. By Type - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales (K Units), 2022-2027
Table 16. By Application – Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2027
Table 17. By Application - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 18. By Application - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue (US$, Mn), 2022-2027
Table 19. By Application - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 20. By Application - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales (K Units), 2022-2027
Table 21. By Region – Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2027
Table 22. By Region - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 23. By Region - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue (US$, Mn), 2022-2027
Table 24. By Region - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 25. By Region - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales (K Units), 2022-2027
Table 26. By Country - North America Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 27. By Country - North America Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022-2027
Table 28. By Country - North America Demineralized Allografts Sales, (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 29. By Country - North America Demineralized Allografts Sales, (K Units), 2022-2027
Table 30. By Country - Europe Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 31. By Country - Europe Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022-2027
Table 32. By Country - Europe Demineralized Allografts Sales, (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 33. By Country - Europe Demineralized Allografts Sales, (K Units), 2022-2027
Table 34. By Region - Asia Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 35. By Region - Asia Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022-2027
Table 36. By Region - Asia Demineralized Allografts Sales, (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 37. By Region - Asia Demineralized Allografts Sales, (K Units), 2022-2027
Table 38. By Country - South America Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 39. By Country - South America Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022-2027
Table 40. By Country - South America Demineralized Allografts Sales, (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 41. By Country - South America Demineralized Allografts Sales, (K Units), 2022-2027
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022-2027
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Demineralized Allografts Sales, (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Demineralized Allografts Sales, (K Units), 2022-2027
Table 46. Medtronic Corporate Summary
Table 47. Medtronic Demineralized Allografts Product Offerings
Table 48. Medtronic Demineralized Allografts Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 49. J &J (DePuy Synthes) Corporate Summary
Table 50. J &J (DePuy Synthes) Demineralized Allografts Product Offerings
Table 51. J &J (DePuy Synthes) Demineralized Allografts Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 52. Zimmer Corporate Summary
Table 53. Zimmer Demineralized Allografts Product Offerings
Table 54. Zimmer Demineralized Allografts Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 55. Stryker Corporation Corporate Summary
Table 56. Stryker Corporation Demineralized Allografts Product Offerings
Table 57. Stryker Corporation Demineralized Allografts Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 58. Straumann Corporate Summary
Table 59. Straumann Demineralized Allografts Product Offerings
Table 60. Straumann Demineralized Allografts Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 61. RTI Surgical Corporate Summary
Table 62. RTI Surgical Demineralized Allografts Product Offerings
Table 63. RTI Surgical Demineralized Allografts Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 64. Surgical Esthetics Corporate Summary
Table 65. Surgical Esthetics Demineralized Allografts Product Offerings
Table 66. Surgical Esthetics Demineralized Allografts Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 67. Demineralized Allografts Production Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2019-2021 (K Units)
Table 68. Global Demineralized Allografts Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2019-2021
Table 69. Global Demineralized Allografts Production by Region, 2016-2021 (K Units)
Table 70. Global Demineralized Allografts Production by Region, 2022-2027 (K Units)
Table 71. Demineralized Allografts Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 72. Demineralized Allografts Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 73. Demineralized Allografts Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 74. Demineralized Allografts Raw Materials
Table 75. Demineralized Allografts Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 76. Typical Demineralized Allografts Downstream
Table 77. Demineralized Allografts Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 78. Demineralized Allografts Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market

List Of Figures

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Demineralized Allografts Segment by Type
Figure 2. Demineralized Allografts Segment by Application
Figure 3. Global Demineralized Allografts Market Overview: 2020
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Demineralized Allografts Market Size: 2021 VS 2027 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue, 2016-2027 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Demineralized Allografts Sales in Global Market: 2016-2027 (K Units)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Demineralized Allografts Revenue in 2020
Figure 9. By Type - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 10. By Type - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 11. By Type - Global Demineralized Allografts Price (USD/Unit), 2016-2027
Figure 12. By Application - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 13. By Application - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 14. By Application - Global Demineralized Allografts Price (USD/Unit), 2016-2027
Figure 15. By Region - Global Demineralized Allografts Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 16. By Region - Global Demineralized Allografts Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 17. By Country - North America Demineralized Allografts Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 18. By Country - North America Demineralized Allografts Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 19. US Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 20. Canada Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 21. Mexico Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 22. By Country - Europe Demineralized Allografts Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 23. By Country - Europe Demineralized Allografts Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 24. Germany Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 25. France Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 26. U.K. Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 27. Italy Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 28. Russia Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 29. Nordic Countries Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 30. Benelux Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 31. By Region - Asia Demineralized Allografts Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 32. By Region - Asia Demineralized Allografts Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 33. China Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 34. Japan Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 35. South Korea Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 36. Southeast Asia Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 37. India Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 38. By Country - South America Demineralized Allografts Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 39. By Country - South America Demineralized Allografts Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 40. Brazil Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 41. Argentina Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Demineralized Allografts Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Demineralized Allografts Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 44. Turkey Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 45. Israel Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 46. Saudi Arabia Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 47. UAE Demineralized Allografts Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 48. Global Demineralized Allografts Production Capacity (K Units), 2016-2027
Figure 49. The Percentage of Production Demineralized Allografts by Region, 2020 VS 2027
Figure 50. Demineralized Allografts Industry Value Chain
Figure 51. Marketing Channels