Global Codeine Phosphate Sales Market Report 2016

October 2016 | 115 pages | ID: G6D88797767EN
QYResearch

Abstracts

Notes:

Sales, means the sales volume of Surgical Incision Closure Devices

Revenue, means the sales value of Surgical Incision Closure Devices

This report studies sales (consumption) of Codeine Phosphate in Global market, especially in USA, China, Europe, Japan, India and Southeast Asia, focuses on top players in these regions/countries, with sales, price, revenue and market share for each player in these regions, covering

• Macfarian Smith
• Francopia
• Noramco
• Weifa
• Mallinckrodt
• Temad
• GSK
• Alkaloida
• Tas. Alkaloids
• Alcaliber
• Fine Chemicals
• Aesica
• SINO PHARM
• Sri Krishna
• TPI

Market Segment by Regions, this report splits Global into several key Regions, with sales (consumption), revenue, market share and growth rate of Codeine Phosphate in these regions, from 2011 to 2021 (forecast), like

• USA
• China
• Europe
• Japan
• India
• Southeast Asia

Split by product Types, with sales, revenue, price and gross margin, market share and growth rate of each type, can be divided into

• Extracted from Opium
• Synthesized by Morphine
• Others

Split by applications, this report focuses on sales, market share and growth rate of Codeine Phosphate in each application, can be divided into

• Narcotic Analgesic
• Antitussive
• Others

Contents

Global Codeine Phosphate Sales Market Report 2016

1 CODEINE PHOSPHATE OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Codeine Phosphate
1.2 Classification of Codeine Phosphate
  1.2.1 Extracted from Opium
  1.2.2 Synthesized by Morphine
  1.2.3 Others
1.3 Application of Codeine Phosphate
  1.3.1 Narcotic Analgesic
  1.3.2 Antitussive
  1.3.3 Others
1.4 Codeine Phosphate Market by Regions
  1.4.1 USA Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.2 China Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.3 Europe Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.4 Japan Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.5 India Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.6 Southeast Asia Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
1.5 Global Market Size (Value and Volume) of Codeine Phosphate (2011-2021)
  1.5.1 Global Codeine Phosphate Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
  1.5.2 Global Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

2 GLOBAL CODEINE PHOSPHATE COMPETITION BY MANUFACTURERS, TYPE AND APPLICATION

2.1 Global Codeine Phosphate Market Competition by Manufacturers
  2.1.1 Global Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share of Key Manufacturers (2011-2016)
  2.1.2 Global Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
2.2 Global Codeine Phosphate (Volume and Value) by Type
  2.2.1 Global Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
  2.2.2 Global Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
2.3 Global Codeine Phosphate (Volume and Value) by Regions
  2.3.1 Global Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
  2.3.2 Global Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
2.4 Global Codeine Phosphate (Volume) by Application

3 USA CODEINE PHOSPHATE (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

3.1 USA Codeine Phosphate Sales and Value (2011-2016)
  3.1.1 USA Codeine Phosphate Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  3.1.2 USA Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  3.1.3 USA Codeine Phosphate Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
3.2 USA Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
3.3 USA Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Type
3.4 USA Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Application

4 CHINA CODEINE PHOSPHATE (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

4.1 China Codeine Phosphate Sales and Value (2011-2016)
  4.1.1 China Codeine Phosphate Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  4.1.2 China Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  4.1.3 China Codeine Phosphate Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
4.2 China Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
4.3 China Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Type
4.4 China Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Application

5 EUROPE CODEINE PHOSPHATE (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

5.1 Europe Codeine Phosphate Sales and Value (2011-2016)
  5.1.1 Europe Codeine Phosphate Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  5.1.2 Europe Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  5.1.3 Europe Codeine Phosphate Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
5.2 Europe Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
5.3 Europe Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Type
5.4 Europe Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Application

6 JAPAN CODEINE PHOSPHATE (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

6.1 Japan Codeine Phosphate Sales and Value (2011-2016)
  6.1.1 Japan Codeine Phosphate Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  6.1.2 Japan Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  6.1.3 Japan Codeine Phosphate Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
6.2 Japan Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
6.3 Japan Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Type
6.4 Japan Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Application

7 INDIA CODEINE PHOSPHATE (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

7.1 India Codeine Phosphate Sales and Value (2011-2016)
  7.1.1 India Codeine Phosphate Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  7.1.2 India Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  7.1.3 India Codeine Phosphate Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
7.2 India Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
7.3 India Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Type
7.4 India Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Application

8 SOUTHEAST ASIA CODEINE PHOSPHATE (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

8.1 Southeast Asia Codeine Phosphate Sales and Value (2011-2016)
  8.1.1 Southeast Asia Codeine Phosphate Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  8.1.2 Southeast Asia Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  8.1.3 Southeast Asia Codeine Phosphate Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
8.2 Southeast Asia Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
8.3 Southeast Asia Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Type
8.4 Southeast Asia Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Application

9 GLOBAL CODEINE PHOSPHATE MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS

9.1 Macfarian Smith
  9.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.1.2 Codeine Phosphate Product Type, Application and Specification
    9.1.2.1 Type I
    9.1.2.2 Type II
  9.1.3 Macfarian Smith Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  9.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview
9.2 Francopia
  9.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.2.2 115 Product Type, Application and Specification
    9.2.2.1 Type I
    9.2.2.2 Type II
  9.2.3 Francopia Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  9.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview
9.3 Noramco
  9.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.3.2 143 Product Type, Application and Specification
    9.3.2.1 Type I
    9.3.2.2 Type II
  9.3.3 Noramco Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  9.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview
9.4 Weifa
  9.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.4.2 Oct Product Type, Application and Specification
    9.4.2.1 Type I
    9.4.2.2 Type II
  9.4.3 Weifa Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  9.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview
9.5 Mallinckrodt
  9.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.5.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
    9.5.2.1 Type I
    9.5.2.2 Type II
  9.5.3 Mallinckrodt Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  9.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview
9.6 Temad
  9.6.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.6.2 Million USD Product Type, Application and Specification
    9.6.2.1 Type I
    9.6.2.2 Type II
  9.6.3 Temad Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  9.6.4 Main Business/Business Overview
9.7 GSK
  9.7.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.7.2 Pharma & Healthcare Product Type, Application and Specification
    9.7.2.1 Type I
    9.7.2.2 Type II
  9.7.3 GSK Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  9.7.4 Main Business/Business Overview
9.8 Alkaloida
  9.8.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.8.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
    9.8.2.1 Type I
    9.8.2.2 Type II
  9.8.3 Alkaloida Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  9.8.4 Main Business/Business Overview
9.9 Tas. Alkaloids
  9.9.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.9.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
    9.9.2.1 Type I
    9.9.2.2 Type II
  9.9.3 Tas. Alkaloids Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  9.9.4 Main Business/Business Overview
9.10 Alcaliber
  9.10.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.10.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
    9.10.2.1 Type I
    9.10.2.2 Type II
  9.10.3 Alcaliber Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  9.10.4 Main Business/Business Overview
9.11 Fine Chemicals
9.12 Aesica
9.13 SINO PHARM
9.14 Sri Krishna
9.15 TPI

10 CODEINE PHOSPHATE MAUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

10.1 Codeine Phosphate Key Raw Materials Analysis
  10.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  10.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  10.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  10.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
10.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  10.2.1 Raw Materials
  10.2.2 Labor Cost
  10.2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Codeine Phosphate

11 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

11.1 Codeine Phosphate Industrial Chain Analysis
11.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
11.3 Raw Materials Sources of Codeine Phosphate Major Manufacturers in 2015
11.4 Downstream Buyers

12 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

12.1 Marketing Channel
  12.1.1 Direct Marketing
  12.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  12.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
12.2 Market Positioning
  12.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  12.2.2 Brand Strategy
  12.2.3 Target Client
12.3 Distributors/Traders List

13 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

13.1 Technology Progress/Risk
  13.1.1 Substitutes Threat
  13.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
13.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
13.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

14 GLOBAL CODEINE PHOSPHATE MARKET FORECAST (2016-2021)

14.1 Global Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue Forecast (2016-2021)
14.2 Global Codeine Phosphate Sales Forecast by Regions (2016-2021)
14.3 Global Codeine Phosphate Sales Forecast by Type (2016-2021)
14.4 Global Codeine Phosphate Sales Forecast by Application (2016-2021)

15 APPENDIX

Author List
Disclosure Section
Research Methodology
Data Source
China Disclaimer

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Picture of Codeine Phosphate
Table Classification of Codeine Phosphate
Figure Global Sales Market Share of Codeine Phosphate by Type in 2015
Figure Extracted from Opium Picture
Figure Synthesized by Morphine Picture
Figure Others Picture
Table Applications of Codeine Phosphate
Figure Global Sales Market Share of Codeine Phosphate by Application in 2015
Figure Narcotic Analgesic Examples
Figure Antitussive Examples
Figure Others Examples
Figure USA Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure China Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Europe Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Japan Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure India Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Southeast Asia Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Global Codeine Phosphate Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Global Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Table Global Codeine Phosphate Sales of Key Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table Global Codeine Phosphate Sales Share by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Figure 2015 Codeine Phosphate Sales Share by Manufacturers
Figure 2016 Codeine Phosphate Sales Share by Manufacturers
Table Global Codeine Phosphate Revenue by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table Global Codeine Phosphate Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table 2015 Global Codeine Phosphate Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table 2016 Global Codeine Phosphate Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table Global Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
Table Global Codeine Phosphate Sales Share by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Sales Market Share of Codeine Phosphate by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Global Codeine Phosphate Sales Growth Rate by Type (2011-2016)
Table Global Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
Table Global Codeine Phosphate Revenue Share by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Codeine Phosphate by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Global Codeine Phosphate Revenue Growth Rate by Type (2011-2016)
Table Global Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Table Global Codeine Phosphate Sales Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Sales Market Share of Codeine Phosphate by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Global Codeine Phosphate Sales Growth Rate by Regions (2011-2016)
Table Global Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Table Global Codeine Phosphate Revenue Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Codeine Phosphate by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Global Codeine Phosphate Revenue Growth Rate by Regions (2011-2016)
Table Global Codeine Phosphate Sales and Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
Table Global Codeine Phosphate Sales Share by Application (2011-2016)
Figure Sales Market Share of Codeine Phosphate by Application (2011-2016)
Figure Global Codeine Phosphate Sales Growth Rate by Application (2011-2016)
Figure USA Codeine Phosphate Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure USA Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure USA Codeine Phosphate Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
Table USA Codeine Phosphate Sales by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table USA Codeine Phosphate Market Share by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table USA Codeine Phosphate Sales by Type (2011-2016)
Table USA Codeine Phosphate Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
Table USA Codeine Phosphate Sales by Application (2011-2016)
Table USA Codeine Phosphate Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
Figure China Codeine Phosphate Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure China Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure China Codeine Phosphate Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
Table China Codeine Phosphate Sales by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table China Codeine Phosphate Market Share by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table China Codeine Phosphate Sales by Type (2011-2016)
Table China Codeine Phosphate Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
Table China Codeine Phosphate Sales by Application (2011-2016)
Table China Codeine Phosphate Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
Figure Europe Codeine Phosphate Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Europe Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Europe Codeine Phosphate Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
Table Europe Codeine Phosphate Sales by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table Europe Codeine Phosphate Market Share by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table Europe Codeine Phosphate Sales by Type (2011-2016)
Table Europe Codeine Phosphate Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
Table Europe Codeine Phosphate Sales by Application (2011-2016)
Table Europe Codeine Phosphate Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
Figure Japan Codeine Phosphate Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Japan Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Japan Codeine Phosphate Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
Table Japan Codeine Phosphate Sales by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table Japan Codeine Phosphate Market Share by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table Japan Codeine Phosphate Sales by Type (2011-2016)
Table Japan Codeine Phosphate Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
Table Japan Codeine Phosphate Sales by Application (2011-2016)
Table Japan Codeine Phosphate Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
Figure India Codeine Phosphate Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure India Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure India Codeine Phosphate Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
Table India Codeine Phosphate Sales by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table India Codeine Phosphate Market Share by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table India Codeine Phosphate Sales by Type (2011-2016)
Table India Codeine Phosphate Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
Table India Codeine Phosphate Sales by Application (2011-2016)
Table India Codeine Phosphate Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
Figure Southeast Asia Codeine Phosphate Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Southeast Asia Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Southeast Asia Codeine Phosphate Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
Table Southeast Asia Codeine Phosphate Sales by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table Southeast Asia Codeine Phosphate Market Share by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table Southeast Asia Codeine Phosphate Sales by Type (2011-2016)
Table Southeast Asia Codeine Phosphate Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
Table Southeast Asia Codeine Phosphate Sales by Application (2011-2016)
Table Southeast Asia Codeine Phosphate Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
Table Macfarian Smith Basic Information List
Table Macfarian Smith Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Macfarian Smith Codeine Phosphate Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Francopia Basic Information List
Table Francopia Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Francopia Codeine Phosphate Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Noramco Basic Information List
Table Noramco Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Noramco Codeine Phosphate Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Weifa Basic Information List
Table Weifa Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Weifa Codeine Phosphate Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Mallinckrodt Basic Information List
Table Mallinckrodt Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Mallinckrodt Codeine Phosphate Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Temad Basic Information List
Table Temad Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Temad Codeine Phosphate Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table GSK Basic Information List
Table GSK Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure GSK Codeine Phosphate Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Alkaloida Basic Information List
Table Alkaloida Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Alkaloida Codeine Phosphate Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Tas. Alkaloids Basic Information List
Table Tas. Alkaloids Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Tas. Alkaloids Codeine Phosphate Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Alcaliber Basic Information List
Table Alcaliber Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Alcaliber Codeine Phosphate Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Fine Chemicals Basic Information List
Table Fine Chemicals Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Fine Chemicals Codeine Phosphate Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Aesica Basic Information List
Table Aesica Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Aesica Codeine Phosphate Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table SINO PHARM Basic Information List
Table SINO PHARM Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure SINO PHARM Codeine Phosphate Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Sri Krishna Basic Information List
Table Sri Krishna Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Sri Krishna Codeine Phosphate Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table TPI Basic Information List
Table TPI Codeine Phosphate Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure TPI Codeine Phosphate Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Codeine Phosphate
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Codeine Phosphate
Figure Codeine Phosphate Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Codeine Phosphate Major Manufacturers in 2015
Table Major Buyers of Codeine Phosphate
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure Global Codeine Phosphate Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Figure Global Codeine Phosphate Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Table Global Codeine Phosphate Sales Forecast by Regions (2016-2021)
Table Global Codeine Phosphate Sales Forecast by Type (2016-2021)
Table Global Codeine Phosphate Sales Forecast by Application (2016-2021)