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Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented by Product (CRT-Defibrillator, CRT-Pacemaker), By End Use (Hospital, Cardiac Center, Others), and By Region, Competition, 2019-2029F

May 2024 | 185 pages | ID: C73723E43922EN
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Global Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market was valued at USD 3.45 billion in 2023 and is anticipated to witness a steady growth in the forecast period with a CAGR of 3.70% through 2029. Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) is a medical treatment used to manage heart failure and improve the overall functioning of the heart in certain patients. It involves the use of specialized devices, known as CRT devices, to help synchronize the contractions of the heart's chambers, particularly the ventricles, which are the lower pumping chambers of the heart. This synchronization aims to enhance the heart's pumping efficiency and improve blood circulation throughout the body. CRT is typically considered for patients who have heart failure with a specific type of heart rhythm disorder called ventricular dyssynchrony.

Ventricular dyssynchrony occurs when the electrical signals that control the heart's contractions are not coordinated properly, leading to inefficient pumping. There are two main types of CRT devices, CRT with defibrillator function (CRT-D) and CRT with pacemaker function (CRT-P). CRT-D devices not only synchronize contractions but also can detect and treat life-threatening arrhythmias with shock or pacing therapy. CRT-P devices focus on synchronization without the defibrillator function.

Heart failure is a significant global health issue, with its prevalence increasing due to factors such as aging populations, sedentary lifestyles, and the higher incidence of conditions like hypertension and diabetes. CRT offers an effective treatment option for certain heart failure patients, which drives the demand for CRT devices and therapies. Ongoing advancements in medical device technology have led to the development of more sophisticated and effective CRT devices. These innovations improve device longevity, synchronization capabilities, and patient outcomes, attracting both healthcare providers and patients. Increasing awareness of heart failure and its treatment options among healthcare professionals, patients, and caregivers has led to better identification of eligible patients for CRT. Educational efforts by medical societies, patient advocacy groups, and healthcare institutions contribute to this awareness.

Key Market Drivers

Rising Prevalence of Heart Failure

Heart failure is a complex and chronic condition in which the heart's ability to pump blood efficiently is compromised. CRT is a specialized treatment designed to address specific types of heart failure, particularly cases involving ventricular dyssynchrony. As the global population ages and risk factors like hypertension, diabetes, and obesity become more prevalent, the number of people living with heart failure has been on the rise. This larger patient population increases the potential pool of individuals who could benefit from CRT. For some patients with heart failure, conventional treatments like medications and lifestyle changes might not provide sufficient relief. CRT offers an additional treatment avenue, especially for patients with specific types of heart failure and ventricular dyssynchrony. Heart failure can significantly impact a person's quality of life due to symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and reduced exercise tolerance. CRT has been shown to improve symptoms, enhance exercise capacity, and increase patients' overall quality of life.

CRT has the potential to reduce the frequency and duration of hospitalizations related to heart failure exacerbations. This not only improves patients' well-being but also reduces the burden on healthcare systems. Studies have demonstrated that CRT can improve survival rates in certain heart failure patients, especially those with severe left ventricular dysfunction and dyssynchrony. Improved survival rates contribute to the demand for this therapy. International clinical guidelines from organizations like the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) recommend CRT for specific patient groups. These guidelines influence healthcare providers' treatment decisions and encourage the adoption of CRT. As awareness about heart failure and its treatment options increases among both healthcare professionals and patients, more individuals are being evaluated for potential CRT candidacy. Better identification of eligible patients further drives demand. The personalized nature of CRT, where treatment is tailored to individual patient needs, aligns with the growing emphasis on patient-centered care. Patients are seeking treatments that address their specific condition and improve their quality of life. Advances in CRT device technology have led to more efficient and effective therapies, improving outcomes and patient satisfaction. This factor will help in the development of Global Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market

Advancements in Medical Technology

Traditional CRT involves the implantation of leads (wires) into the heart to deliver electrical signals. Leadless CRT systems eliminate the need for these leads, reducing potential complications and providing more options for patients with limited venous access. While traditional CRT devices typically involve pacing the left ventricle, multi-site pacing involves pacing multiple sites within the heart. This approach allows for more personalized and precise synchronization, potentially improving patient outcomes. Adaptive CRT devices adjust pacing parameters based on real-time physiological data. This ensures that pacing is tailored to the patient's current needs, optimizing synchronization even in varying conditions.

Some CRT devices are now designed to be MRI-compatible. This is a significant advancement as it allows patients with CRT devices to undergo MRI scans, which was previously a challenge due to potential interactions between the device and MRI machines. Many modern CRT devices offer wireless monitoring and remote management capabilities. This enables healthcare providers to monitor patients' device status and heart function remotely, making follow-up care more convenient and efficient. Advanced algorithms are now integrated into CRT devices to optimize pacing settings for individual patients. These algorithms consider factors like heart rate, activity levels, and respiration patterns to provide optimal synchronization.

Some CRT devices are part of larger heart failure management platforms that incorporate patient monitoring, data analysis, and healthcare provider communication. These platforms offer a comprehensive approach to managing heart failure patients' care. Advances in battery technology have extended the lifespan of CRT devices, reduced the frequency of device replacement surgeries and improved patient convenience. Ongoing advancements in materials and device design have led to more biocompatible and smaller CRT devices, reducing the risk of complications, and allowing for less invasive implantation procedures. Some CRT devices can communicate with electronic health record systems, facilitating seamless data sharing between patients, healthcare providers, and medical facilities.

Emerging technologies are enabling the tailoring of CRT therapy to individual patients’ needs. This includes incorporating patient-specific data, physiological characteristics, and real-time feedback for optimal therapy adjustment. Closed-loop systems combine physiological sensors with CRT devices to deliver pacing based on the body's immediate demands. This approach aims to mimic the heart's natural responses more closely. This factor will pace up the demand of Global Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market.

Growing Aging Population

Age is a major risk factor for heart failure. As people age, their hearts may weaken, and the risk of heart failure rises. The aging process can also exacerbate other cardiovascular conditions that contribute to heart failure, such as hypertension and coronary artery disease. Older adults often have a higher prevalence of comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, and previous heart attacks. These conditions can lead to heart failure and create a more complex clinical scenario that might benefit from CRT. With age, the heart's electrical conduction system can become less efficient, leading to dyssynchrony in the heart's contractions.

CRT is specifically designed to address this issue by synchronizing the heart's pumping action, making it particularly relevant for older adults with heart failure and dyssynchrony. Heart failure can significantly impact the quality of life of older adults. Symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and reduced exercise tolerance can limit their ability to engage in daily activities. CRT can help alleviate these symptoms and improve overall well-being.

Many clinical guidelines recognize the importance of CRT for certain heart failure patients, especially those with severe symptoms and reduced ejection fraction. As the aging population grows, these guidelines become more relevant and drive healthcare providers to consider CRT. Older adults tend to have higher healthcare utilization rates due to their increased medical needs. CRT can offer a solution to improve heart function and reduce the frequency of hospitalizations for heart failure exacerbations. The field of geriatric cardiology has advanced significantly, leading to a better understanding of the unique needs of older adults with heart failure. This increased awareness and tailored care approach have contributed to the demand for therapies like CRT. Advances in medical care and technology have led to longer lifespans. As people live longer, they are more likely to develop chronic conditions like heart failure. CRT can be a valuable tool in managing heart failure and improving the overall quality of life in older individuals. This factor will accelerate the demand of Global Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market.

Key Market Challenges

Device Longevity and Upgrades

Most cardiac devices, including CRT devices, are powered by batteries. These batteries have a finite lifespan and need to be replaced periodically through surgery. This replacement procedure carries risks and costs, and the frequency of replacements can affect patient outcomes and quality of life. Upgrading or replacing CRT devices often requires invasive procedures, which can be stressful for patients and carry risks of complications. Reducing the need for frequent replacements or providing less invasive upgrade options is crucial. The field of medical devices, including CRT devices, is rapidly advancing. Newer technologies and features can greatly enhance patient care and outcomes.

Integrating these advancements into existing devices or upgrading patients to newer models can be challenging. Upgrades should ideally be seamless and compatible with the patient's existing medical infrastructure. Ensuring that newer devices work well with older monitoring systems, software, and remote monitoring platforms can be a complex task. Introducing new features or technologies through upgrades should be done with utmost consideration for patient safety. Patients need to be able to adapt to new device functionalities without causing discomfort or disruptions in their daily lives.

High cost

The high cost of CRT devices can limit accessibility for patients, particularly those without adequate health insurance coverage or in regions with limited healthcare resources. This can lead to disparities in access to life-saving treatments. High costs place a burden on healthcare systems, hospitals, and clinics, impacting their ability to provide these therapies to a larger number of patients. Budget constraints may result in difficult decisions regarding which patients can receive CRT treatment. Reimbursement policies and coverage by health insurance providers play a significant role in determining which patients can afford CRT treatment. Delays or denials in reimbursement can further exacerbate the financial burden on patients and healthcare institutions. Health economic analyses are important for demonstrating the cost-effectiveness of CRT therapy.

High upfront costs need to be justified by long-term benefits and reductions in other healthcare expenses related to heart failure management. Developing and bringing new CRT devices to market involves substantial research, development, clinical trials, and regulatory processes. These costs can contribute to the overall price of the devices. The complex supply chain, quality control requirements, and manufacturing processes for medical devices can contribute to their high costs. Healthcare professionals need specialized training to implant, manage, and monitor CRT devices effectively. The cost of training and education programs can add to the overall expenses.

Key Market Trends

Rise in Research and Clinical Trials

Research and clinical trials contribute to the generation of robust scientific evidence regarding the efficacy, safety, and benefits of CRT. This evidence is essential for healthcare providers, regulatory authorities, and insurance companies when making decisions about the adoption and coverage of CRT therapies. Ongoing research helps identify specific patient populations that are likely to benefit the most from CRT. As more data are collected and analyzed, researchers can refine the criteria for selecting patients who are most likely to respond positively to CRT. Clinical trials provide insights into the optimal programming settings for CRT devices. This includes determining the appropriate pacing parameters and synchronization settings to achieve the best possible patient outcomes.

Research allows for the comparison of different treatment approaches, including CRT compared to other interventions. Comparative effectiveness studies help guide healthcare providers and patients in making informed treatment decisions. Clinical trials often involve testing new device technologies and innovations in CRT. This could include advancements in device design, lead placement, pacing algorithms, and remote monitoring capabilities. Long-term clinical trials provide valuable data on the durability and sustainability of CRT benefits over extended periods. This information is critical for understanding the long-term impact of CRT on patient outcomes and quality of life.

Segmental Insights

Product Insights

Based on the product, the Global Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market witnessed significant dominance with the CRT-Defibrillators segment capturing the largest share and projected to continue expanding in the forecast period. This growth is attributed to advancements in medical device technology, leading to the development of more sophisticated and efficient CRT devices. These devices have evolved to become smaller, more reliable, and capable of delivering personalized therapies to patients. Ongoing research and clinical trials have focused on better understanding the effectiveness of CRT in diverse patient populations, refining patient selection criteria, and enhancing device programming for optimal outcomes.

End-use Insights

Based on the end use, the Global Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) Market experienced significant growth, particularly within the hospital segment. This trend is expected to persist in the coming years due to the high prevalence of CRT equipment usage in hospital settings. Hospitals remain the primary location for most surgeries, leading to a substantial demand for CRT devices. The cardiac center segment is projected to witness the fastest growth during the forecast period. This growth trajectory can be attributed to the increasing incidence of cardiovascular disorders worldwide and the proliferation of specialized cardiac care facilities. Advancements in CRT technology, coupled with increasing awareness and adoption of these therapies among healthcare professionals and patients, further drive market growth. Continuous innovation in device design, improved battery life, and enhanced therapeutic efficacy contribute to better patient outcomes and increased acceptance of CRT interventions.

Regional Insights

Based on the region, the North America region emerged as the dominant force in the Global Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market. This was driven by several factors, including the region's burgeoning elderly population and favorable regulatory approvals. The prevalence of sedentary lifestyles in North America poses an increased risk of chronic heart diseases, thus elevating the demand for cardiovascular care services.

The Asia-Pacific region experienced remarkable growth during the forecast period. This growth can be attributed to various factors, such as the expansion of healthcare infrastructure, the aging population demographic, improving economic conditions, strategic initiatives by key industry players, and a rising incidence of heart disorders. As healthcare systems in the Asia-Pacific region continue to evolve and adapt, coupled with the increasing prevalence of heart-related conditions, there is a growing demand for advanced cardiac therapies like cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).

The proactive measures taken by major corporations to expand their presence in the Asia-Pacific healthcare market have contributed to the region's rapid growth. These strategic moves include investments in research and development, collaborations with local healthcare providers, and the introduction of innovative technologies and treatment solutions. The aging population in the Asia-Pacific region underscores the need for comprehensive cardiac care services to address the growing burden of cardiovascular diseases. With improving economic conditions and increasing awareness about heart health, more individuals are seeking preventive care and treatment options, further driving the demand for cardiac resynchronization therapy. While North America leads the Global Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market, the Asia-Pacific region presents significant opportunities for growth. Factors such as expanding healthcare infrastructure, demographic shifts, economic progress, strategic initiatives, and rising disease prevalence collectively contribute to the region's emergence as a key player in the global cardiac therapy market.

Key Market Players
  • Abbott Laboratories Inc
  • BIOTRONIK SE & Co KG
  • Boston Scientific Corporation
  • Lepu Medical Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
  • MEDICO S.r.l.
  • Medtronic Plc
  • Lombard Medical Ltd.
  • Shree Pacetronix Ltd.
  • Integer Holdings Corporation
  • OSYPKA MEDICAL GmbH
Report Scope:

In this report, the Global Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:
  • Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market, By Product:
o CRT-Defibrillator

o CRT-Pacemaker
  • Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market, By End Use:
o Hospital

o Cardiac Center

o Others
  • Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market, By region:
o North America

? United States

? Canada

? Mexico

o Asia-Pacific

? China

? India

? South Korea

? Australia

? Japan

o Europe

? Germany

? France

? United Kingdom

? Spain

? Italy

o South America

? Brazil

? Argentina

? Colombia

o Middle East & Africa

? South Africa

? Saudi Arabia

? UAE

Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market.

Available Customizations:

Global Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market report with the given market data, Tech Sci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:

Company Information
  • Detailed analysis and profiling of additional market players (up to five).
1. PRODUCT OVERVIEW

1.1. Market Definition
1.2. Scope of the Market
  1.2.1. Markets Covered
  1.2.2. Years Considered for Study
  1.2.3. Key Market Segmentations

2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

2.1. Objective of the Study
2.2. Baseline Methodology
2.3. Key Industry Partners
2.4. Major Association and Secondary Sources
2.5. Forecasting Methodology
2.6. Data Triangulation & Validation
2.7. Assumptions and Limitations

3. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

3.1. Overview of the Market
3.2. Overview of Key Market Segmentations
3.3. Overview of Key Market Players
3.4. Overview of Key Regions/Countries
3.5. Overview of Market Drivers, Challenges, Trends

4. IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON GLOBAL CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY MARKET

5. GLOBAL CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY MARKET OUTLOOK

5.1. Market Size & Forecast
  5.1.1. By Value
5.2. Market Share & Forecast
  5.2.1. By Product (CRT-Defibrillator, CRT-Pacemaker)
  5.2.2. By End Use (Hospital, Cardiac Center, Others)
  5.2.3. By Region
  5.2.4. By Company (2023)
5.3. Market Map

6. ASIA PACIFIC CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY MARKET OUTLOOK

6.1. Market Size & Forecast
  6.1.1. By Value
6.2. Market Share & Forecast
  6.2.1. By Product
  6.2.2. By End Use
  6.2.3. By Country
6.3. Asia Pacific: Country Analysis
  6.3.1. China Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market Outlook
    6.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      6.3.1.1.1. By Value
    6.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      6.3.1.2.1. By Product
      6.3.1.2.2. By End Use
  6.3.2. India Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market Outlook
    6.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      6.3.2.1.1. By Value
    6.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      6.3.2.2.1. By Product
      6.3.2.2.2. By End Use
  6.3.3. Australia Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market Outlook
    6.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      6.3.3.1.1. By Value
    6.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      6.3.3.2.1. By Product
      6.3.3.2.2. By End Use
  6.3.4. Japan Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market Outlook
    6.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
      6.3.4.1.1. By Value
    6.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
      6.3.4.2.1. By Product
      6.3.4.2.2. By End Use
  6.3.5. South Korea Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market Outlook
    6.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
      6.3.5.1.1. By Value
    6.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
      6.3.5.2.1. By Product
      6.3.5.2.2. By End Use

7. EUROPE CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY MARKET OUTLOOK

7.1. Market Size & Forecast
  7.1.1. By Value
7.2. Market Share & Forecast
  7.2.1. By Product
  7.2.2. By End Use
  7.2.3. By Country
7.3. Europe: Country Analysis
  7.3.1. France Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market Outlook
    7.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      7.3.1.1.1. By Value
    7.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      7.3.1.2.1. By Product
      7.3.1.2.2. By End Use
  7.3.2. Germany Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market Outlook
    7.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      7.3.2.1.1. By Value
    7.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      7.3.2.2.1. By Product
      7.3.2.2.2. By End Use
  7.3.3. Spain Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market Outlook
    7.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      7.3.3.1.1. By Value
    7.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      7.3.3.2.1. By Product
      7.3.3.2.2. By End Use
  7.3.4. Italy Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market Outlook
    7.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
      7.3.4.1.1. By Value
    7.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
      7.3.4.2.1. By Product
      7.3.4.2.2. By End Use
  7.3.5. United Kingdom Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market Outlook
    7.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
      7.3.5.1.1. By Value
    7.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
      7.3.5.2.1. By Product
      7.3.5.2.2. By End Use

8. NORTH AMERICA CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY MARKET OUTLOOK

8.1. Market Size & Forecast
  8.1.1. By Value
8.2. Market Share & Forecast
  8.2.1. By Product
  8.2.2. By End Use
  8.2.3. By Country
8.3. North America: Country Analysis
  8.3.1. United States Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market Outlook
    8.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      8.3.1.1.1. By Value
    8.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      8.3.1.2.1. By Product
      8.3.1.2.2. By End Use
  8.3.2. Mexico Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market Outlook
    8.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      8.3.2.1.1. By Value
    8.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      8.3.2.2.1. By Product
      8.3.2.2.2. By End Use
  8.3.3. Canada Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market Outlook
    8.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      8.3.3.1.1. By Value
    8.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      8.3.3.2.1. By Product
      8.3.3.2.2. By End Use

9. SOUTH AMERICA CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY MARKET OUTLOOK

9.1. Market Size & Forecast
  9.1.1. By Value
9.2. Market Share & Forecast
  9.2.1. By Product
  9.2.2. By End Use
  9.2.3. By Country
9.3. South America: Country Analysis
  9.3.1. Brazil Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market Outlook
    9.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      9.3.1.1.1. By Value
    9.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      9.3.1.2.1. By Product
      9.3.1.2.2. By End Use
  9.3.2. Argentina Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market Outlook
    9.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      9.3.2.1.1. By Value
    9.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      9.3.2.2.1. By Product
      9.3.2.2.2. By End Use
  9.3.3. Colombia Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market Outlook
    9.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      9.3.3.1.1. By Value
    9.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      9.3.3.2.1. By Product
      9.3.3.2.2. By End Use

10. MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY MARKET OUTLOOK

10.1. Market Size & Forecast
  10.1.1. By Value
10.2. Market Share & Forecast
  10.2.1. By Product
  10.2.2. By End Use
  10.2.3. By Country
10.3. MEA: Country Analysis
  10.3.1. South Africa Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market Outlook
    10.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      10.3.1.1.1. By Value
    10.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      10.3.1.2.1. By Product
      10.3.1.2.2. By End Use
  10.3.2. Saudi Arabia Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market Outlook
    10.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      10.3.2.1.1. By Value
    10.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      10.3.2.2.1. By Product
      10.3.2.2.2. By End Use
  10.3.3. UAE Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Market Outlook
    10.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      10.3.3.1.1. By Value
    10.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      10.3.3.2.1. By Product
      10.3.3.2.2. By End Use

11. MARKET DYNAMICS

11.1. Drivers
11.2. Challenges

12. MARKET TRENDS & DEVELOPMENTS

12.1. Recent Developments
12.2. Product Launches
12.3. Mergers & Acquisitions

13. GLOBAL CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY MARKET: SWOT ANALYSIS

14. PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS

14.1. Competition in the Industry
14.2. Potential of New Entrants
14.3. Power of Suppliers
14.4. Power of Customers
14.5. Threat of Substitute Product

15. PESTLE ANALYSIS

16. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

16.1. Abbott Laboratories Inc
  16.1.1. Business Overview
  16.1.2. Company Snapshot
  16.1.3. Products & Services
  16.1.4. Financials (In case of listed companies)
  16.1.5. Recent Developments
  16.1.6. SWOT Analysis
16.2. BIOTRONIK SE & Co KG
16.3. Boston Scientific Corporation
16.4. Lepu Medical Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.
16.5. MEDICO S.r.l.
16.6. Medtronic Plc
16.7. Lombard Medical Ltd.
16.8. Shree Pacetronix Ltd.
16.9. Integer Holdings Corporation
16.10. OSYPKA MEDICAL GmbH

17. STRATEGIC RECOMMENDATIONS

18. ABOUT US & DISCLAIMER



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