Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market Size study & Forecast, by Product (Electronic Fetal Monitoring (EFM), Uterine Contraction Monitor, Ultrasound & Ultrasonography, Fetal Electrodes, Fetal Doppler and Others) by Application (Antepartum Fetal Monitoring, Intrapartum Fetal Monitoring), by Portability ( Portable, Non-Portable), and Regional Analysis, 2022-2029
Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market is valued approximately USD 11.88 billion in 2021 and is anticipated to grow with a healthy growth rate of more than 4.2% over the forecast period 2022-2029. Fetal monitoring is the method by which medical personnel examine the fetal heartbeat and assess the baby's heart rate to keep track of the baby's level of tolerance during the contractions. Medical instruments like a handheld Doppler or computerized fetal monitor are typically used to monitor it. Occasionally, a fetoscope a device like a stethoscope is used to check on the health of the infant. The Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests market is expanding because of factors such as increasing number of post term pregnancy and growing prevalence of cardio pulmonary diseases.
The United Nations Office for Sexual and Reproductive Health published research in October 2021 that anticipated that 140 million individuals worldwide were born in 2021. These indicates the high incidence of pregnancies in year 2021, which stimulated the demand fetal monitoring diagnostics and predictive tests. Furthermore, according to CDC statistics released in December 2021, 3.66 million babies were born in 2021, an increase of 1% from the year before. Pregnancy items are in high demand, in the United States. Similarly, according to information from the Canadian government that was released in September 2022, there were about 367,684 births in Canada in 2021, up about 2% from the year before. Along with these, for instance, the Preeclampsia Foundation predicts that over 10 million women worldwide suffer from preeclampsia each year and that preeclampsia contributes to over 2.5 million preterm births. Furthermore, Preeclampsia affected at least 1 in 7 deliveries during this time, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and its prevalence among hospitalizations for childbirth increased from around 13% in 2017 to 16% in 2019. Thus, rising prevalence of post term birth is favouring the market growth. In addition, increase in government and non-government initiatives for maternal and fetal health and rise in awareness and willingness to invest in development of fetal monitoring is creating lucrative growth to the market. However, high Cost of Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive treatment and stringent regulatory procedures may halt market growth.
The key regions considered for the Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market study includes Asia Pacific, North America, Europe, Latin America, and Rest of the World. North America dominated the market in terms of revenue, owing to the dominance of branded products and the region's increasing disease prevalence, and rising technological advancement. Whereas Asia Pacific is expected to grow with a highest CAGR during the forecast period, owing to factors such as rising target populations, an increase in the number of collaborations for product development, geographic expansion of key players, and active participation of government and nonprofit organizations in the market space.
Major market player included in this report are:
GE Healthcare
Abbott Laboratories
Ambisea Technology Corp., Ltd.
Ansh Labs Llc
Atom Medical Corp.
Aviva Systems Biology LLC
Beckman Coulter Inc.
Bionet America Inc
Demeditec Diagnostics Gmbh
Eagle Biosciences Inc.
Recent Developments in the Market:
In May 2022, GE Healthcare (US) and Pulsenmore (Israel) have signed a contract to promote the usage of Pulsenmore's home healthcare ultrasound solutions and support their efforts to win US FDA approval and commercial success.
In March 2021, CONTEC Medical Systems Co., Ltd. launched the CMS1700B Color Doppler Ultrasonic Diagnostic System in China. In addition to various sections of the belly, heart, peripheral vessels, and other body parts, it is primarily helpful for identifying conditions involving the breast, obstetrics and gynaecology, tiny organs, urology, muscle, incretion, and paediatrics.
Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market Report Scope:
Historical Data 2019-2020-2021
Base Year for Estimation 2021
Forecast period 2022-2029
Report Coverage Revenue forecast, Company Ranking, Competitive Landscape, Growth factors, and Trends
Segments Covered Product, Application, Portability, Region
Regional Scope North America; Europe; Asia Pacific; Latin America; Rest of the World
Customization Scope Free report customization (equivalent up to 8 analyst’s working hours) with purchase. Addition or alteration to country, regional & segment scope*
The objective of the study is to define market sizes of different segments & countries in recent years and to forecast the values to the coming years. The report is designed to incorporate both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the industry within countries involved in the study.
The report also caters detailed information about the crucial aspects such as driving factors & challenges which will define the future growth of the market. Additionally, it also incorporates potential opportunities in micro markets for stakeholders to invest along with the detailed analysis of competitive landscape and product offerings of key players. The detailed segments and sub-segment of the market are explained below:
By Product:
Electronic Fetal Monitoring (EFM)
Uterine Contraction Monitor
Ultrasound & Ultrasonography
Fetal Electrodes
Fetal Doppler
Others
By Application:
Antepartum Fetal Monitoring
Intrapartum Fetal Monitoring
By Portability:
Portable
Non-Portable
By Region:
North America
U.S.
Canada
Europe
UK
Germany
France
Spain
Italy
ROE
Asia Pacific
China
India
Japan
Australia
South Korea
RoAPAC
Latin America
Brazil
Mexico
RoLA
Rest of the World
The United Nations Office for Sexual and Reproductive Health published research in October 2021 that anticipated that 140 million individuals worldwide were born in 2021. These indicates the high incidence of pregnancies in year 2021, which stimulated the demand fetal monitoring diagnostics and predictive tests. Furthermore, according to CDC statistics released in December 2021, 3.66 million babies were born in 2021, an increase of 1% from the year before. Pregnancy items are in high demand, in the United States. Similarly, according to information from the Canadian government that was released in September 2022, there were about 367,684 births in Canada in 2021, up about 2% from the year before. Along with these, for instance, the Preeclampsia Foundation predicts that over 10 million women worldwide suffer from preeclampsia each year and that preeclampsia contributes to over 2.5 million preterm births. Furthermore, Preeclampsia affected at least 1 in 7 deliveries during this time, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and its prevalence among hospitalizations for childbirth increased from around 13% in 2017 to 16% in 2019. Thus, rising prevalence of post term birth is favouring the market growth. In addition, increase in government and non-government initiatives for maternal and fetal health and rise in awareness and willingness to invest in development of fetal monitoring is creating lucrative growth to the market. However, high Cost of Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive treatment and stringent regulatory procedures may halt market growth.
The key regions considered for the Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market study includes Asia Pacific, North America, Europe, Latin America, and Rest of the World. North America dominated the market in terms of revenue, owing to the dominance of branded products and the region's increasing disease prevalence, and rising technological advancement. Whereas Asia Pacific is expected to grow with a highest CAGR during the forecast period, owing to factors such as rising target populations, an increase in the number of collaborations for product development, geographic expansion of key players, and active participation of government and nonprofit organizations in the market space.
Major market player included in this report are:
GE Healthcare
Abbott Laboratories
Ambisea Technology Corp., Ltd.
Ansh Labs Llc
Atom Medical Corp.
Aviva Systems Biology LLC
Beckman Coulter Inc.
Bionet America Inc
Demeditec Diagnostics Gmbh
Eagle Biosciences Inc.
Recent Developments in the Market:
In May 2022, GE Healthcare (US) and Pulsenmore (Israel) have signed a contract to promote the usage of Pulsenmore's home healthcare ultrasound solutions and support their efforts to win US FDA approval and commercial success.
In March 2021, CONTEC Medical Systems Co., Ltd. launched the CMS1700B Color Doppler Ultrasonic Diagnostic System in China. In addition to various sections of the belly, heart, peripheral vessels, and other body parts, it is primarily helpful for identifying conditions involving the breast, obstetrics and gynaecology, tiny organs, urology, muscle, incretion, and paediatrics.
Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market Report Scope:
Historical Data 2019-2020-2021
Base Year for Estimation 2021
Forecast period 2022-2029
Report Coverage Revenue forecast, Company Ranking, Competitive Landscape, Growth factors, and Trends
Segments Covered Product, Application, Portability, Region
Regional Scope North America; Europe; Asia Pacific; Latin America; Rest of the World
Customization Scope Free report customization (equivalent up to 8 analyst’s working hours) with purchase. Addition or alteration to country, regional & segment scope*
The objective of the study is to define market sizes of different segments & countries in recent years and to forecast the values to the coming years. The report is designed to incorporate both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the industry within countries involved in the study.
The report also caters detailed information about the crucial aspects such as driving factors & challenges which will define the future growth of the market. Additionally, it also incorporates potential opportunities in micro markets for stakeholders to invest along with the detailed analysis of competitive landscape and product offerings of key players. The detailed segments and sub-segment of the market are explained below:
By Product:
Electronic Fetal Monitoring (EFM)
Uterine Contraction Monitor
Ultrasound & Ultrasonography
Fetal Electrodes
Fetal Doppler
Others
By Application:
Antepartum Fetal Monitoring
Intrapartum Fetal Monitoring
By Portability:
Portable
Non-Portable
By Region:
North America
U.S.
Canada
Europe
UK
Germany
France
Spain
Italy
ROE
Asia Pacific
China
India
Japan
Australia
South Korea
RoAPAC
Latin America
Brazil
Mexico
RoLA
Rest of the World
CHAPTER 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1.1. Market Snapshot
1.2. Global & Segmental Market Estimates & Forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
1.2.1. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, by Region, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
1.2.2. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, by Product Type, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
1.2.3. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, by Application, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
1.2.4. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics, and predictive tests Market, by Portability, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
1.3. Key Trends
1.4. Estimation Methodology
1.5. Research Assumption
CHAPTER 2. GLOBAL FETAL MONITORING, DIAGNOSTICS AND PREDICTIVE TESTS MARKET DEFINITION AND SCOPE
2.1. Objective of the Study
2.2. Market Definition & Scope
2.2.1. Scope of the Study
2.2.2. Industry Evolution
2.3. Years Considered for the Study
2.4. Currency Conversion Rates
CHAPTER 3. GLOBAL FETAL MONITORING, DIAGNOSTICS AND PREDICTIVE TESTS MARKET DYNAMICS
3.1. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market Impact Analysis (2019-2029)
3.1.1. Market Drivers
3.1.1.1. Increasing number of post term pregnancy
3.1.1.2. Growing prevalence of cardio pulmonary diseases
3.1.2. Market Challenges
3.1.2.1. High Cost of Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive treatment
3.1.2.2. Stringent regulatory procedures
3.1.3. Market Opportunities
3.1.3.1. Increase in government and non-government initiatives for maternal and fetal health
3.1.3.2. Rise in awareness and willingness to invest in development of fetal monitoring
CHAPTER 4. GLOBAL FETAL MONITORING, DIAGNOSTICS AND PREDICTIVE TESTS MARKET INDUSTRY ANALYSIS
4.1. Porter’s 5 Force Model
4.1.1. Bargaining Power of Suppliers
4.1.2. Bargaining Power of Buyers
4.1.3. Threat of New Entrants
4.1.4. Threat of Substitutes
4.1.5. Competitive Rivalry
4.2. Futuristic Approach to Porter’s 5 Force Model (2019-2029)
4.3. PEST Analysis
4.3.1. Political
4.3.2. Economical
4.3.3. Social
4.3.4. Technological
4.4. Top investment opportunity
4.5. Top winning strategies
4.6. Industry Experts Prospective
4.7. Analyst Recommendation & Conclusion
CHAPTER 5. RISK ASSESSMENT: COVID-19 IMPACT
5.1. Assessment of the overall impact of COVID-19 on the industry
5.2. Pre COVID-19 and post COVID-19 Market scenario
CHAPTER 6. GLOBAL FETAL MONITORING, DIAGNOSTICS AND PREDICTIVE TESTS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE
6.1. Market Snapshot
6.2. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by Product Type, Performance - Potential Analysis
6.3. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market Estimates & Forecasts by Product Type 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
6.4. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, Sub Segment Analysis
6.4.1. Electronic Fetal Monitoring (EFM)
6.4.2. Uterine Contraction Monitor
6.4.3. Ultrasound & Ultrasonography
6.4.4. Fetal Electrodes
6.4.5. Fetal Doppler
6.4.6. Others
CHAPTER 7. GLOBAL FETAL MONITORING, DIAGNOSTICS AND PREDICTIVE TESTS MARKET, BY APPLICATION
7.1. Market Snapshot
7.2. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by Application, Performance - Potential Analysis
7.3. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market Estimates & Forecasts by Application 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
7.4. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, Sub Segment Analysis
7.4.1. Antepartum Fetal Monitoring
7.4.2. Intrapartum Fetal Monitoring
CHAPTER 8. GLOBAL FETAL MONITORING, DIAGNOSTICS AND PREDICTIVE TESTS MARKET, BY PORTABILITY
8.1. Market Snapshot
8.2. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by Portability, Performance - Potential Analysis
8.3. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market Estimates & Forecasts by Portability 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
8.4. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, Sub Segment Analysis
8.4.1. Portable
8.4.2. Non-Portable
CHAPTER 9. GLOBAL FETAL MONITORING, DIAGNOSTICS AND PREDICTIVE TESTS MARKET, REGIONAL ANALYSIS
9.1. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, Regional Market Snapshot
9.2. North America Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.2.1. U.S. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.2.1.1. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029
9.2.1.2. Application breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029
9.2.1.3. Portability breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029
9.2.2. Canada Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.3. Europe Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market Snapshot
9.3.1. U.K. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.3.2. Germany Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.3.3. France Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.3.4. Spain Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.3.5. Italy Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.3.6. Rest of Europe Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.4. Asia-Pacific Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market Snapshot
9.4.1. China Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.4.2. India Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.4.3. Japan Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.4.4. Australia Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.4.5. South Korea Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.4.6. Rest of Asia Pacific Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.5. Latin America Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market Snapshot
9.5.1. Brazil Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.5.2. Mexico Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.5.3. Rest of Latin America Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.6. Rest of The World Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
CHAPTER 10. COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE
10.1. Top Market Strategies
10.2. Company Profiles
10.2.1. GE Healthcare
10.2.1.1. Key Information
10.2.1.2. Overview
10.2.1.3. Financial (Subject to Data Availability)
10.2.1.4. Product Summary
10.2.1.5. Recent Developments
10.2.2. Abbott Laboratories
10.2.3. Ambisea Technology Corp., Ltd.
10.2.4. Ansh Labs Llc
10.2.5. Atom Medical Corp.
10.2.6. Aviva Systems Biology LLC
10.2.7. Beckman Coulter Inc.
10.2.8. Bionet America Inc
10.2.9. Demeditec Diagnostics Gmbh
10.2.10. Eagle Biosciences Inc.
CHAPTER 11. RESEARCH PROCESS
11.1. Research Process
11.1.1. Data Mining
11.1.2. Analysis
11.1.3. Market Estimation
11.1.4. Validation
11.1.5. Publishing
11.2. Research Attributes
11.3. Research Assumption
1.1. Market Snapshot
1.2. Global & Segmental Market Estimates & Forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
1.2.1. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, by Region, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
1.2.2. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, by Product Type, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
1.2.3. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, by Application, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
1.2.4. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics, and predictive tests Market, by Portability, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
1.3. Key Trends
1.4. Estimation Methodology
1.5. Research Assumption
CHAPTER 2. GLOBAL FETAL MONITORING, DIAGNOSTICS AND PREDICTIVE TESTS MARKET DEFINITION AND SCOPE
2.1. Objective of the Study
2.2. Market Definition & Scope
2.2.1. Scope of the Study
2.2.2. Industry Evolution
2.3. Years Considered for the Study
2.4. Currency Conversion Rates
CHAPTER 3. GLOBAL FETAL MONITORING, DIAGNOSTICS AND PREDICTIVE TESTS MARKET DYNAMICS
3.1. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market Impact Analysis (2019-2029)
3.1.1. Market Drivers
3.1.1.1. Increasing number of post term pregnancy
3.1.1.2. Growing prevalence of cardio pulmonary diseases
3.1.2. Market Challenges
3.1.2.1. High Cost of Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive treatment
3.1.2.2. Stringent regulatory procedures
3.1.3. Market Opportunities
3.1.3.1. Increase in government and non-government initiatives for maternal and fetal health
3.1.3.2. Rise in awareness and willingness to invest in development of fetal monitoring
CHAPTER 4. GLOBAL FETAL MONITORING, DIAGNOSTICS AND PREDICTIVE TESTS MARKET INDUSTRY ANALYSIS
4.1. Porter’s 5 Force Model
4.1.1. Bargaining Power of Suppliers
4.1.2. Bargaining Power of Buyers
4.1.3. Threat of New Entrants
4.1.4. Threat of Substitutes
4.1.5. Competitive Rivalry
4.2. Futuristic Approach to Porter’s 5 Force Model (2019-2029)
4.3. PEST Analysis
4.3.1. Political
4.3.2. Economical
4.3.3. Social
4.3.4. Technological
4.4. Top investment opportunity
4.5. Top winning strategies
4.6. Industry Experts Prospective
4.7. Analyst Recommendation & Conclusion
CHAPTER 5. RISK ASSESSMENT: COVID-19 IMPACT
5.1. Assessment of the overall impact of COVID-19 on the industry
5.2. Pre COVID-19 and post COVID-19 Market scenario
CHAPTER 6. GLOBAL FETAL MONITORING, DIAGNOSTICS AND PREDICTIVE TESTS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE
6.1. Market Snapshot
6.2. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by Product Type, Performance - Potential Analysis
6.3. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market Estimates & Forecasts by Product Type 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
6.4. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, Sub Segment Analysis
6.4.1. Electronic Fetal Monitoring (EFM)
6.4.2. Uterine Contraction Monitor
6.4.3. Ultrasound & Ultrasonography
6.4.4. Fetal Electrodes
6.4.5. Fetal Doppler
6.4.6. Others
CHAPTER 7. GLOBAL FETAL MONITORING, DIAGNOSTICS AND PREDICTIVE TESTS MARKET, BY APPLICATION
7.1. Market Snapshot
7.2. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by Application, Performance - Potential Analysis
7.3. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market Estimates & Forecasts by Application 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
7.4. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, Sub Segment Analysis
7.4.1. Antepartum Fetal Monitoring
7.4.2. Intrapartum Fetal Monitoring
CHAPTER 8. GLOBAL FETAL MONITORING, DIAGNOSTICS AND PREDICTIVE TESTS MARKET, BY PORTABILITY
8.1. Market Snapshot
8.2. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by Portability, Performance - Potential Analysis
8.3. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market Estimates & Forecasts by Portability 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
8.4. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, Sub Segment Analysis
8.4.1. Portable
8.4.2. Non-Portable
CHAPTER 9. GLOBAL FETAL MONITORING, DIAGNOSTICS AND PREDICTIVE TESTS MARKET, REGIONAL ANALYSIS
9.1. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, Regional Market Snapshot
9.2. North America Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.2.1. U.S. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.2.1.1. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029
9.2.1.2. Application breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029
9.2.1.3. Portability breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029
9.2.2. Canada Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.3. Europe Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market Snapshot
9.3.1. U.K. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.3.2. Germany Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.3.3. France Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.3.4. Spain Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.3.5. Italy Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.3.6. Rest of Europe Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.4. Asia-Pacific Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market Snapshot
9.4.1. China Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.4.2. India Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.4.3. Japan Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.4.4. Australia Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.4.5. South Korea Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.4.6. Rest of Asia Pacific Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.5. Latin America Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market Snapshot
9.5.1. Brazil Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.5.2. Mexico Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.5.3. Rest of Latin America Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
9.6. Rest of The World Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
CHAPTER 10. COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE
10.1. Top Market Strategies
10.2. Company Profiles
10.2.1. GE Healthcare
10.2.1.1. Key Information
10.2.1.2. Overview
10.2.1.3. Financial (Subject to Data Availability)
10.2.1.4. Product Summary
10.2.1.5. Recent Developments
10.2.2. Abbott Laboratories
10.2.3. Ambisea Technology Corp., Ltd.
10.2.4. Ansh Labs Llc
10.2.5. Atom Medical Corp.
10.2.6. Aviva Systems Biology LLC
10.2.7. Beckman Coulter Inc.
10.2.8. Bionet America Inc
10.2.9. Demeditec Diagnostics Gmbh
10.2.10. Eagle Biosciences Inc.
CHAPTER 11. RESEARCH PROCESS
11.1. Research Process
11.1.1. Data Mining
11.1.2. Analysis
11.1.3. Market Estimation
11.1.4. Validation
11.1.5. Publishing
11.2. Research Attributes
11.3. Research Assumption
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE 1. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, report scope
TABLE 2. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by Region 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 3. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by Product Type 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 4. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by Application 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 5. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by Portability 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 6. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by segment, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 7. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by region, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 8. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by segment, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 9. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by region, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 10. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by segment, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 11. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by region, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 12. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by segment, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 13. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by region, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 14. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by segment, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 15. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by region, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 16. U.S. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 17. U.S. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 18. U.S. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 19. Canada Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 20. Canada Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 21. Canada Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 22. UK Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 23. UK Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 24. UK Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 25. Germany Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 26. Germany Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 27. Germany Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 28. France Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 29. France Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 30. France Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 31. Italy Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 32. Italy Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 33. Italy Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 34. Spain Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 35. Spain Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 36. Spain Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 37. RoE Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 38. RoE Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 39. RoE Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 40. China Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 41. China Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 42. China Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 43. India Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 44. India Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 45. India Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 46. Japan Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 47. Japan Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 48. Japan Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 49. South Korea Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 50. South Korea Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 51. South Korea Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 52. Australia Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 53. Australia Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 54. Australia Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 55. RoAPAC Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 56. RoAPAC Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 57. RoAPAC Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 58. Brazil Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 59. Brazil Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 60. Brazil Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 61. Mexico Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 62. Mexico Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 63. Mexico Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 64. RoLA Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 65. RoLA Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 66. RoLA Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 67. Row Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 68. Row Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 69. Row Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 70. List of secondary sources, used in the study of global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
TABLE 71. List of primary sources, used in the study of global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
TABLE 72. Years considered for the study
TABLE 73. Exchange rates considered
List of tables and figures and dummy in nature, final lists may vary in the final deliverable
TABLE 1. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, report scope
TABLE 2. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by Region 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 3. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by Product Type 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 4. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by Application 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 5. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by Portability 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 6. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by segment, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 7. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by region, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 8. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by segment, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 9. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by region, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 10. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by segment, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 11. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by region, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 12. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by segment, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 13. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by region, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 14. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by segment, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 15. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by region, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 16. U.S. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 17. U.S. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 18. U.S. Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 19. Canada Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 20. Canada Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 21. Canada Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 22. UK Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 23. UK Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 24. UK Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 25. Germany Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 26. Germany Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 27. Germany Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 28. France Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 29. France Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 30. France Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 31. Italy Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 32. Italy Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 33. Italy Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 34. Spain Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 35. Spain Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 36. Spain Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 37. RoE Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 38. RoE Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 39. RoE Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 40. China Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 41. China Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 42. China Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 43. India Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 44. India Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 45. India Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 46. Japan Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 47. Japan Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 48. Japan Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 49. South Korea Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 50. South Korea Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 51. South Korea Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 52. Australia Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 53. Australia Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 54. Australia Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 55. RoAPAC Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 56. RoAPAC Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 57. RoAPAC Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 58. Brazil Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 59. Brazil Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 60. Brazil Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 61. Mexico Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 62. Mexico Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 63. Mexico Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 64. RoLA Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 65. RoLA Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 66. RoLA Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 67. Row Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 68. Row Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 69. Row Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
TABLE 70. List of secondary sources, used in the study of global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
TABLE 71. List of primary sources, used in the study of global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market
TABLE 72. Years considered for the study
TABLE 73. Exchange rates considered
List of tables and figures and dummy in nature, final lists may vary in the final deliverable
LIST OF FIGURES
FIG 1. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, research methodology
FIG 2. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, Market estimation techniques
FIG 3. Global Market size estimates & forecast methods
FIG 4. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, key trends 2021
FIG 5. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, growth prospects 2022-2029
FIG 6. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, porters 5 force model
FIG 7. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, pest analysis
FIG 8. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, value chain analysis
FIG 9. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by segment, 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
FIG 10. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by segment, 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
FIG 11. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by segment, 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
FIG 12. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by segment, 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
FIG 13. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by segment, 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
FIG 14. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, regional snapshot 2019 & 2029
FIG 15. North America Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
FIG 16. Europe Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
FIG 17. Asia pacific Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
FIG 18. Latin America Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
FIG 19. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, company Market share analysis (2021)
List of tables and figures and dummy in nature, final lists may vary in the final deliverable
FIG 1. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, research methodology
FIG 2. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, Market estimation techniques
FIG 3. Global Market size estimates & forecast methods
FIG 4. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, key trends 2021
FIG 5. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, growth prospects 2022-2029
FIG 6. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, porters 5 force model
FIG 7. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, pest analysis
FIG 8. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, value chain analysis
FIG 9. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by segment, 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
FIG 10. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by segment, 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
FIG 11. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by segment, 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
FIG 12. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by segment, 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
FIG 13. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market by segment, 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
FIG 14. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, regional snapshot 2019 & 2029
FIG 15. North America Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
FIG 16. Europe Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
FIG 17. Asia pacific Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
FIG 18. Latin America Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
FIG 19. Global Fetal monitoring, diagnostics and predictive tests Market, company Market share analysis (2021)
List of tables and figures and dummy in nature, final lists may vary in the final deliverable
