Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size, Status and Forecast 2022

October 2017 | 163 pages | ID: GF6DAAA054BEN
QYResearch

Abstracts

This report studies the Accounts Payable Software market status and outlook of global and major regions, from angles of players, regions, product and end Application/industries; this report analyzes the top players in global and major regions, and splits the Accounts Payable Software market by product and Application/end industries.
The global Accounts Payable Software market is valued at 959 M $ in 2016 and is expected to reach 1658 M $ by the end of 2022, growing at a CAGR of 9.56% between 2016 and 2022.
The Asia-Pacific will occupy for more market share in following years, especially in China, also fast growing India and Southeast Asia regions.
United States will still play an important role which cannot be ignored. Any changes from United States might affect the development trend of Accounts Payable Software.
Europe also plays important roles in global market, with market size of 256 M $ in 2016 and will be 445 M $ in 2022, with a CAGR of 9.68%.
The major players in global market include
Freshbooks
Xero
Zoho
Intuit
Brightpearl
Sage
FinancialForce
Tipalti
PaySimple
Acclivity Group
KashFlow Software
Araize
Micronetics
Norming Software
Yat Software
SAP

Geographically, this report split global into several key Regions, with, revenue (M $), market share and growth rate of Accounts Payable Software for these regions, from 2012 to 2022 (forecast)
United States
Europe
Japan
China
India
Southeast Asia
On the basis of product, the Accounts Payable Software market is primarily split into
Cloud/SaaS/Web Based
Installed
On the basis on the end users/Application, this report covers
SMEs
Large Enterprise
Other

Contents

1 INDUSTRY OVERVIEW

1.1 Accounts Payable Software Market Overview
  1.1.1 Accounts Payable Software Product Scope
  1.1.2 Market Status and Outlook
1.2 Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size and Analysis by Regions (2012-2022)
  1.2.1 United States Accounts Payable Software Market Status and Outlook
  1.2.2 Europe Accounts Payable Software Market Status and Outlook
  1.2.3 Japan Accounts Payable Software Market Status and Outlook
  1.2.4 China Accounts Payable Software Market Status and Outlook
  1.2.5 India Accounts Payable Software Market Status and Outlook
  1.2.6 Southeast Asia Accounts Payable Software Market Status and Outlook
1.3 Classification of Accounts Payable Software by Product
  1.3.1 Global Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) and Growth (%) Comparison by Product (2012-2022)
  1.3.2 Global Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) Market Share (%) by Product in 2016
  1.3.3 Cloud/SaaS/Web Based
  1.3.4 Installed
1.4 Accounts Payable Software Market by End Users/Application
  1.4.1 SMEs
  1.4.2 Large Enterprise
  1.4.3 Other

2 GLOBAL ACCOUNTS PAYABLE SOFTWARE COMPETITION ANALYSIS BY PLAYERS

2.1 Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size (M $) by Players (2012-2017)
2.2 Competitive Status and Trend
  2.2.1 Market Concentration Rate
  2.2.2 Product Features/Service Differences
  2.2.3 The Technology Trends in Future
  2.2.4 Accounts Payable Solution Pricing

3 COMPANY (TOP PLAYERS) PROFILES AND KEY DATA

3.1 FreshBooks
  3.1.1 Company Profile
  3.1.2 Main Business/Business Overview
  3.1.3 Products, Services and Solutions
  3.1.4 FreshBooks Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) (2012-2017)
3.2 Xero
  3.2.1 Company Profile
  3.2.2 Main Business/Business Overview
  3.2.3 Products, Services and Solutions
  3.2.4 Xero Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) (2012-2017)
3.3 Zoho
  3.3.1 Company Profile
  3.3.2 Main Business/Business Overview
  3.3.3 Products, Services and Solutions
  3.3.4 Zoho Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) (2012-2017)
3.4 Intuit
  3.4.1 Company Profile
  3.4.2 Main Business/Business Overview
  3.4.3 Products, Services and Solutions
  3.4.4 Intuit Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) (2012-2017)
3.5 Brightpearl
  3.5.1 Company Profile
  3.5.2 Main Business/Business Overview
  3.5.3 Products, Services and Solutions
  3.5.4 Brightpearl Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) (2012-2017)
3.6 Sage
  3.6.1 Company Profile
  3.6.2 Main Business/Business Overview
  3.6.3 Products, Services and Solutions
  3.6.4 Sage Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) (2012-2017)
3.7 FinancialForce
  3.7.1 Company Profile
  3.7.2 Main Business/Business Overview
  3.7.3 Products, Services and Solutions
  3.7.4 FinancialForce Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) (2012-2017)
3.8 Tipalti
  3.8.1 Company Profile
  3.8.2 Main Business/Business Overview
  3.8.3 Products, Services and Solutions
  3.8.4 Tipalti Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) (2012-2017)
3.9 PaySimple
  3.9.1 Company Profile
  3.9.2 Main Business/Business Overview
  3.9.3 Products, Services and Solutions
  3.9.4 PaySimple Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) (2012-2017)
3.10 Acclivity Group
  3.10.1 Company Profile
  3.10.2 Main Business/Business Overview
  3.10.3 Products, Services and Solutions
  3.10.4 Acclivity Group Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) (2012-2017)
3.11 KashFlow Software
  3.11.1 Company Profile
  3.11.2 Main Business/Business Overview
  3.11.3 Products, Services and Solutions
  3.11.4 KashFlow Software Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) (2012-2017)
3.12 Araize
  3.12.1 Company Profile
  3.12.2 Main Business/Business Overview
  3.12.3 Products, Services and Solutions
  3.12.4 Araize Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) (2012-2017)
3.13 Micronetics
  3.13.1 Company Profile
  3.13.2 Main Business/Business Overview
  3.13.3 Products, Services and Solutions
  3.13.4 Micronetics Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) (2012-2017)
3.14 Norming Software
  3.14.1 Company Profile
  3.14.2 Main Business/Business Overview
  3.14.3 Products, Services and Solutions
  3.14.4 Norming Software Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) (2012-2017)
3.15 Yat Software
  3.15.1 Company Profile
  3.15.2 Main Business/Business Overview
  3.15.3 Products, Services and Solutions
  3.15.4 Yat Software Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) (2012-2017)
3.16 SAP
  3.16.1 Company Profile
  3.16.2 Main Business/Business Overview
  3.16.3 Products, Services and Solutions
  3.16.4 SAP Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) (2012-2017)

4 GLOBAL ACCOUNTS PAYABLE SOFTWARE MARKET SIZE BY PRODUCT AND APPLICATION (2012-2017)

4.1 Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Product (2012-2017)
4.2 Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Application (2012-2017)
4.3 Potential Application of Accounts Payable Software in Future
4.4 Top Consumer / End Users of Accounts Payable Software

5 UNITED STATES ACCOUNTS PAYABLE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

5.1 United States Accounts Payable Software Market Size (2012-2017)
5.2 United States Accounts Payable Software Market Size and Market Share by Players (2012-2017)
5.3 United States Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Application (2012-2017)

6 EUROPE ACCOUNTS PAYABLE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

6.1 Europe Accounts Payable Software Market Size (2012-2017)
6.2 Europe Accounts Payable Software Market Size and Market Share by Players (2012-2017)
6.3 Europe Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Application (2012-2017)

7 JAPAN ACCOUNTS PAYABLE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

7.1 Japan Accounts Payable Software Market Size (2012-2017)
7.2 Japan Accounts Payable Software Market Size and Market Share by Players (2012-2017)
7.3 Japan Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Application (2012-2017)

8 CHINA ACCOUNTS PAYABLE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

8.1 China Accounts Payable Software Market Size and Forecast (2012-2017)
8.2 China Accounts Payable Software Market Size and Market Share by Players (2012-2017)
8.3 China Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Application (2012-2017)

9 INDIA ACCOUNTS PAYABLE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

9.1 India Accounts Payable Software Market Size and Forecast (2012-2017)
9.2 India Accounts Payable Software Market Size and Market Share by Players (2012-2017)
9.3 India Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Application (2012-2017)

10 SOUTHEAST ASIA ACCOUNTS PAYABLE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT STATUS AND OUTLOOK

10.1 Southeast Asia Accounts Payable Software Market Size and Forecast (2012-2017)
10.2 Southeast Asia Accounts Payable Software Market Size and Market Share by Players (2012-2017)
10.3 Southeast Asia Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Application (2012-2017)

11 MARKET FORECAST BY REGIONS, PRODUCT AND APPLICATION (2017-2022)

11.1 Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size (M $) by Regions (2017-2022)
  11.1.1 United States Accounts Payable Software Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
  11.1.2 Europe Accounts Payable Software Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
  11.1.3 China Accounts Payable Software Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
  11.1.4 Japan Accounts Payable Software Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
  11.1.5 Southeast Asia Accounts Payable Software Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
  11.1.6 India Accounts Payable Software Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
11.2 Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Application (2017-2022)
11.3 Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Product (2017-2022)

12 ACCOUNTS PAYABLE SOFTWARE MARKET DYNAMICS

12.1 Accounts Payable Software Market Opportunities
12.2 Challenge of Accounts Payable Software Market
  12.2.1 5 Challenges in the Accounts Payable Process
  12.2.2 7 Challenges Accounts Payable Managers Face
12.3 Accounts Payable Software Market Constraints and Threat
  12.3.1 Cyber Security Risk
  12.3.2 Business Model Risk
  12.3.3 D&A Privacy Risk
  12.3.4 Technology Project Risk
12.4 Developing Cost of Accounts Payable Software
  12.4.1 Accounts Payable Software Hardware Analysis
  12.4.2 Proportion of Developing Cost Structure

13 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

13.1 Substitutes
13.2 Consumer Needs Trend/Customer Preference
13.3 External Environmental Change
  13.3.1 North America Economy Analysis
  13.3.2 Asia Pacific Economy Analysis
  13.3.3 Europe Economy Analysis
  13.3.4 China Economy Analysis

14 RESEARCH FINDING /CONCLUSION

15 METHODOLOGY AND DATA SOURCE

15.1 Methodology/Research Approach
  15.1.1 Research Programs/Design
  15.1.2 Market Size Estimation
  15.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
15.2 Data Source
  15.2.1 Secondary Sources
  15.2.2 Primary Sources
15.3 Disclaimer
15.4 Author List


The report requires updating with new data and is sent in 2-3 business days after order is placed.

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size (M $) Status and Outlook (2012-2022)
Table Global Market Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) Comparison by Regions 2012-2022
Figure Global Accounts Payable Software Market Share by Regions (2012-2022)
Figure United States Accounts Payable Software Market Size (M $) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Europe Accounts Payable Software Market Size (M $) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Japan Accounts Payable Software Market Size (M $) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure China Accounts Payable Software Market Size (M $) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure India Accounts Payable Software Market Size (M $) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Southeast Asia Accounts Payable Software Market Size (M $) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Table Classification of Accounts Payable Software by Vendors
Table Global Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) and Growth Rate (%) Comparison by Product (2012-2022)
Figure Global Accounts Payable Software Revenue Market Share (%) by Product in 2016
Figure Cloud/SaaS/Web Based Market Size (M $) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Installed Market Size (M $) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Table Users of Accounts Payable Software by Vendors
Table Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size (M $) Comparison by Application (2012-2022)
Figure Global Accounts Payable Software Market Share by Application in 2016
Figure Accounts Payable Software Market Size (M $) and Growth Rate in SMEs (2012-2022)
Figure Accounts Payable Software Market Size (M $) and Growth Rate in Large Enterprise (2012-2022)
Figure Accounts Payable Software Market Size (M $) and Growth Rate in Other (2012-2022)
Table Global Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) by Players (2012-2017)
Table Global Accounts Payable Software Revenue Market Share (%) by Players (2012-2017)
Figure Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Players in 2012
Figure Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Players in 2016
Figure Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Top 3 Players in 2016
Figure Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Top 5 Players in 2016
Table The Popular Accounts Payable Software List with Key Features
Table Accounts Payable Software Pricing by Vendors
Table FreshBooks Basic Information List
Table Accounts Payable Software Information
Table Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue of FreshBooks (2012-2017)
Figure FreshBooks Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Growth Rate
Figure FreshBooks Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Market Share (%) (2012-2017)
Table Xero Basic Information List
Table Accounts Payable Software Information
Table Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue of Xero (2012-2017)
Figure Xero Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Growth Rate
Figure Xero Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Market Share (%) (2012-2017)
Table Zoho Basic Information List
Table Accounts Payable Software Information
Table Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue of Zoho (2012-2017)
Figure Zoho Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Growth Rate
Figure Zoho Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Market Share (%) (2012-2017)
Table Intuit Basic Information List
Table Accounts Payable Software Information
Table Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue of Intuit (2012-2017)
Figure Intuit Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Growth Rate
Figure Intuit Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Market Share (%) (2012-2017)
Table Brightpearl Basic Information List
Table Accounts Payable Software Information
Table Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue of Brightpearl (2012-2017)
Figure Brightpearl Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Growth Rate
Figure Brightpearl Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Market Share (%) (2012-2017)
Table Sage Basic Information List
Table Accounts Payable Software Information
Table Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue of Sage (2012-2017)
Figure Sage Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Growth Rate
Figure Sage Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Market Share (%) (2012-2017)
Table FinancialForce Basic Information List
Table Accounts Payable Software Information
Table Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue of FinancialForce (2012-2017)
Figure FinancialForce Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Growth Rate
Figure FinancialForce Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Market Share (%) (2012-2017)
Table Tipalti Basic Information List
Table Accounts Payable Software Information
Table Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue of Tipalti (2012-2017)
Figure Tipalti Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Growth Rate
Figure Tipalti Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Market Share (%) (2012-2017)
Table PaySimple Basic Information List
Table Accounts Payable Software Information
Table Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue of PaySimple (2012-2017)
Figure PaySimple Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Growth Rate
Figure PaySimple Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Market Share (%) (2012-2017)
Table Acclivity Group Basic Information List
Table Accounts Payable Software Information
Table Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue of Acclivity Group (2012-2017)
Figure Acclivity Group Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Growth Rate
Figure Acclivity Group Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Market Share (%) (2012-2017)
Table KashFlow Software Basic Information List
Table Accounts Payable Software Information
Table Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue of KashFlow Software (2012-2017)
Figure KashFlow Software Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Growth Rate
Figure KashFlow Software Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Market Share (%) (2012-2017)
Table Araize Basic Information List
Table Accounts Payable Software Information
Table Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue of Araize (2012-2017)
Figure Araize Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Growth Rate
Figure Araize Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Market Share (%) (2012-2017)
Table Micronetics Basic Information List
Table Accounts Payable Software Information
Table Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue of Micronetics (2012-2017)
Figure Micronetics Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Growth Rate
Figure Micronetics Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Market Share (%) (2012-2017)
Table Norming Software Basic Information List
Table Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue of Norming Software (2012-2017)
Figure Norming Software Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Growth Rate
Figure Norming Software Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Market Share (%) (2012-2017)
Table Yat Software Basic Information List
Table Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue of Yat Software (2012-2017)
Figure Yat Software Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Growth Rate
Figure Yat Software Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Market Share (%) (2012-2017)
Table SAP Basic Information List
Table Accounts Payable Software Information
Table Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue of SAP (2012-2017)
Figure SAP Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Growth Rate
Figure SAP Accounts Payable Software Business Revenue Market Share (%) (2012-2017)
Table Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Product (2012-2017)
Figure Global Accounts Payable Software Revenue Market Share (%) by Product (2012-2017)
Figure Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Product in 2016
Table Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Global Accounts Payable Software Revenue Market Share (%) by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Application in 2016
Table Top Consumer / End Users of Accounts Payable Software
Figure United States Accounts Payable Software Market Size and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Table United States Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Players (2012-2017)
Figure United States Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Players in 2012
Figure United States Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Players in 2016
Table United States Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Application (2012-2017)
Figure United States Accounts Payable Software Revenue Market Share (%) by Application (2012-2017)
Figure United States Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Application in 2016
Figure Europe Accounts Payable Software Market Size and Growth Rate by Regions (2012-2017)
Table Europe Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Players (2012-2017)
Figure Europe Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Players in 2012
Figure Europe Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Players in 2016
Table Europe Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Europe Accounts Payable Software Revenue Market Share (%) by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Europe Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Application in 2016
Figure Japan Accounts Payable Software Market Size and Growth Rate by Regions (2012-2017)
Table Japan Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Players (2012-2017)
Figure Japan Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Players in 2012
Figure Japan Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Players in 2016
Table Japan Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Japan Accounts Payable Software Revenue Market Share (%) by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Japan Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Application in 2016
Figure China Accounts Payable Software Market Size and Growth Rate by Regions (2012-2017)
Table China Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Players (2012-2017)
Figure China Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Players in 2012
Figure China Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Players in 2016
Table China Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Application (2012-2017)
Figure China Accounts Payable Software Revenue Market Share (%) by Application (2012-2017)
Figure China Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Application in 2016
Figure India Accounts Payable Software Market Size and Growth Rate by Regions (2012-2017)
Table India Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Players (2012-2017)
Figure India Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Players in 2012
Figure India Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Players in 2016
Table India Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Application (2012-2017)
Figure India Accounts Payable Software Revenue Market Share (%) by Application (2012-2017)
Figure India Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Application in 2016
Figure Southeast Asia Accounts Payable Software Market Size and Growth Rate by Regions (2012-2017)
Table Southeast Asia Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Players (2012-2017)
Figure Southeast Asia Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Players in 2012
Figure Southeast Asia Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Players in 2016
Table Southeast Asia Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Southeast Asia Accounts Payable Software Revenue Market Share (%) by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Southeast Asia Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Application in 2016
Figure Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size and Growth Rate (Value) (2017-2022)
Table Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Regions (2017-2022)
Figure Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Regions (2017-2022)
Figure Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size Share by Regions in 2022
Figure United States Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Europe Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure China Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Japan Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Southeast Asia Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure India Accounts Payable Software Revenue (M $) and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Application (2017-2022)
Figure Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Application (2017-2022)
Figure Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Application in 2022
Table Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Product (2017-2022)
Figure Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Product (2017-2022)
Figure Global Accounts Payable Software Market Size by Product in 2022
Figure Price Trend of Computers
Table Key Suppliers of Hardware
Figure Market Concentration Rate of Computers by Regions in 2016
Figure Developing Cost Structure of Accounts Payable Software
Figure 2012-2016 USA Quarterly Employment Cost Index (ECI)
Figure 2012-2016 EU Quarterly Labor Cost Index
Figure (2011-2016) Japan Yearly Manufacturing Cash Earnings and Growth Rate
Figure 2011-2015 China Yearly Average Wage of Worker and Growth Rate
Figure World Real GDP Growth Rate Map
Table Major Region Real GDP Growth Rate (%)
Figure US GDP Development in 2006-2016
Table of US GDP Development Status
Table Research Programs/Design for This Report
Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure Data Triangulation
Table Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table Key Data Information from Primary Sources