Laser Engraving Service Market, Global Outlook and Forecast 2022-2028

June 2022 | 68 pages | ID: L3228E217E5BEN
Market Monitor Global

Abstracts

This report contains market size and forecasts of Laser Engraving Service in Global, including the following market information:

Global Laser Engraving Service Market Revenue, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, ($ millions)

Global top five companies in 2021 (%)

The global Laser Engraving Service market was valued at million in 2021 and is projected to reach US$ million by 2028, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period 2022-2028.

The U.S. Market is Estimated at $ Million in 2021, While China is Forecast to Reach $ Million by 2028.

Metal Engraving Segment to Reach $ Million by 2028, with a % CAGR in next six years.

The global key manufacturers of Laser Engraving Service include INDO-MIM, GCC America, Inc., Hermetic Solutions Group, Cut Technologies, Coherent, Inc., L&S Design Ltd, MPB Communications Inc., Gravotech, Inc. and Quasar Industries, etc. In 2021, the global top five players have a share approximately % in terms of revenue.

MARKET MONITOR GLOBAL, INC (MMG) has surveyed the Laser Engraving Service companies, and industry experts on this industry, involving the revenue, demand, product type, recent developments and plans, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.

Total Market by Segment:

Global Laser Engraving Service Market, by Type, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ millions)

Global Laser Engraving Service Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2021 (%)

• Metal Engraving
• Wood Carving
• Plastic Engraving
• Others

Global Laser Engraving Service Market, by Application, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ millions)

Global Laser Engraving Service Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2021 (%)

• Component
• Jewellery
• Others

Global Laser Engraving Service Market, By Region and Country, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions)

Global Laser Engraving Service Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2021 (%)

• North America
• US
• Canada
• Mexico
• Europe
• Germany
• France
• U.K.
• Italy
• Russia
• Nordic Countries
• Benelux
• Rest of Europe
• Asia
• China
• Japan
• South Korea
• Southeast Asia
• India
• Rest of Asia
• South America
• Brazil
• Argentina
• Rest of South America
• Middle East & Africa
• Turkey
• Israel
• Saudi Arabia
• UAE
• Rest of Middle East & Africa

Competitor Analysis

The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:

Key companies Laser Engraving Service revenues in global market, 2017-2022 (estimated), ($ millions)

Key companies Laser Engraving Service revenues share in global market, 2021 (%)

Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:

• INDO-MIM
• GCC America, Inc.
• Hermetic Solutions Group
• Cut Technologies
• Coherent, Inc.
• L&S Design Ltd
• MPB Communications Inc.
• Gravotech, Inc.
• Quasar Industries
• Anomatic Corp.
• Ponoko Inc.
• MicroGroup, Inc.
• Norman Noble, Inc
• Krintech

Contents

1 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH & ANALYSIS REPORTS

1.1 Laser Engraving Service Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
  1.2.1 Market by Type
  1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Laser Engraving Service Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
  1.5.1 Research Methodology
  1.5.2 Research Process
  1.5.3 Base Year
  1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats

2 GLOBAL LASER ENGRAVING SERVICE OVERALL MARKET SIZE

2.1 Global Laser Engraving Service Market Size: 2021 VS 2028
2.2 Global Laser Engraving Service Market Size, Prospects & Forecasts: 2017-2028
2.3 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
  2.3.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
  2.3.2 Market Drivers
  2.3.3 Market Restraints

3 COMPANY LANDSCAPE

3.1 Top Laser Engraving Service Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Laser Engraving Service Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue by Companies
3.4 Top 3 and Top 5 Laser Engraving Service Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2021
3.5 Global Companies Laser Engraving Service Product Type
3.6 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Laser Engraving Service Players in Global Market
  3.6.1 List of Global Tier 1 Laser Engraving Service Companies
  3.6.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Laser Engraving Service Companies

4 MARKET SIGHTS BY PRODUCT

4.1 Overview
  4.1.1 by Type - Global Laser Engraving Service Market Size Markets, 2021 & 2028
  4.1.2 Metal Engraving
  4.1.3 Wood Carving
  4.1.4 Plastic Engraving
  4.1.5 Others
4.2 By Type - Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue & Forecasts
  4.2.1 By Type - Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue, 2017-2022
  4.2.2 By Type - Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue, 2023-2028
  4.2.3 By Type - Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028

5 SIGHTS BY APPLICATION

5.1 Overview
  5.1.1 By Application - Global Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2021 & 2028
  5.1.2 Component
  5.1.3 Jewellery
  5.1.4 Others
5.2 By Application - Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue & Forecasts
  5.2.1 By Application - Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue, 2017-2022
  5.2.2 By Application - Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue, 2023-2028
  5.2.3 By Application - Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028

6 SIGHTS BY REGION

6.1 By Region - Global Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2021 & 2028
6.2 By Region - Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue & Forecasts
  6.2.1 By Region - Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue, 2017-2022
  6.2.2 By Region - Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue, 2023-2028
  6.2.3 By Region - Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
6.3 North America
  6.3.1 By Country - North America Laser Engraving Service Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.3.2 US Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.3.3 Canada Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.3.4 Mexico Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4 Europe
  6.4.1 By Country - Europe Laser Engraving Service Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.4.2 Germany Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.4.3 France Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.4.4 U.K. Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.4.5 Italy Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.4.6 Russia Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.4.7 Nordic Countries Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.4.8 Benelux Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5 Asia
  6.5.1 By Region - Asia Laser Engraving Service Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.5.2 China Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.3 Japan Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.4 South Korea Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.5 Southeast Asia Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.6 India Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6 South America
  6.6.1 By Country - South America Laser Engraving Service Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.6.2 Brazil Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.3 Argentina Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7 Middle East & Africa
  6.7.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Laser Engraving Service Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.7.2 Turkey Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.7.3 Israel Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.7.4 Saudi Arabia Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.7.5 UAE Laser Engraving Service Market Size, 2017-2028

7 PLAYERS PROFILES

7.1 INDO-MIM
  7.1.1 INDO-MIM Corporate Summary
  7.1.2 INDO-MIM Business Overview
  7.1.3 INDO-MIM Laser Engraving Service Major Product Offerings
  7.1.4 INDO-MIM Laser Engraving Service Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
  7.1.5 INDO-MIM Key News
7.2 GCC America, Inc.
  7.2.1 GCC America, Inc. Corporate Summary
  7.2.2 GCC America, Inc. Business Overview
  7.2.3 GCC America, Inc. Laser Engraving Service Major Product Offerings
  7.2.4 GCC America, Inc. Laser Engraving Service Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
  7.2.5 GCC America, Inc. Key News
7.3 Hermetic Solutions Group
  7.3.1 Hermetic Solutions Group Corporate Summary
  7.3.2 Hermetic Solutions Group Business Overview
  7.3.3 Hermetic Solutions Group Laser Engraving Service Major Product Offerings
  7.3.4 Hermetic Solutions Group Laser Engraving Service Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
  7.3.5 Hermetic Solutions Group Key News
7.4 Cut Technologies
  7.4.1 Cut Technologies Corporate Summary
  7.4.2 Cut Technologies Business Overview
  7.4.3 Cut Technologies Laser Engraving Service Major Product Offerings
  7.4.4 Cut Technologies Laser Engraving Service Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
  7.4.5 Cut Technologies Key News
7.5 Coherent, Inc.
  7.5.1 Coherent, Inc. Corporate Summary
  7.5.2 Coherent, Inc. Business Overview
  7.5.3 Coherent, Inc. Laser Engraving Service Major Product Offerings
  7.5.4 Coherent, Inc. Laser Engraving Service Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
  7.5.5 Coherent, Inc. Key News
7.6 L&S Design Ltd
  7.6.1 L&S Design Ltd Corporate Summary
  7.6.2 L&S Design Ltd Business Overview
  7.6.3 L&S Design Ltd Laser Engraving Service Major Product Offerings
  7.6.4 L&S Design Ltd Laser Engraving Service Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
  7.6.5 L&S Design Ltd Key News
7.7 MPB Communications Inc.
  7.7.1 MPB Communications Inc. Corporate Summary
  7.7.2 MPB Communications Inc. Business Overview
  7.7.3 MPB Communications Inc. Laser Engraving Service Major Product Offerings
  7.7.4 MPB Communications Inc. Laser Engraving Service Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
  7.7.5 MPB Communications Inc. Key News
7.8 Gravotech, Inc.
  7.8.1 Gravotech, Inc. Corporate Summary
  7.8.2 Gravotech, Inc. Business Overview
  7.8.3 Gravotech, Inc. Laser Engraving Service Major Product Offerings
  7.8.4 Gravotech, Inc. Laser Engraving Service Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
  7.8.5 Gravotech, Inc. Key News
7.9 Quasar Industries
  7.9.1 Quasar Industries Corporate Summary
  7.9.2 Quasar Industries Business Overview
  7.9.3 Quasar Industries Laser Engraving Service Major Product Offerings
  7.9.4 Quasar Industries Laser Engraving Service Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
  7.9.5 Quasar Industries Key News
7.10 Anomatic Corp.
  7.10.1 Anomatic Corp. Corporate Summary
  7.10.2 Anomatic Corp. Business Overview
  7.10.3 Anomatic Corp. Laser Engraving Service Major Product Offerings
  7.10.4 Anomatic Corp. Laser Engraving Service Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
  7.10.5 Anomatic Corp. Key News
7.11 Ponoko Inc.
  7.11.1 Ponoko Inc. Corporate Summary
  7.11.2 Ponoko Inc. Business Overview
  7.11.3 Ponoko Inc. Laser Engraving Service Major Product Offerings
  7.11.4 Ponoko Inc. Laser Engraving Service Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
  7.11.5 Ponoko Inc. Key News
7.12 MicroGroup, Inc.
  7.12.1 MicroGroup, Inc. Corporate Summary
  7.12.2 MicroGroup, Inc. Business Overview
  7.12.3 MicroGroup, Inc. Laser Engraving Service Major Product Offerings
  7.12.4 MicroGroup, Inc. Laser Engraving Service Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
  7.12.5 MicroGroup, Inc. Key News
7.13 Norman Noble, Inc
  7.13.1 Norman Noble, Inc Corporate Summary
  7.13.2 Norman Noble, Inc Business Overview
  7.13.3 Norman Noble, Inc Laser Engraving Service Major Product Offerings
  7.13.4 Norman Noble, Inc Laser Engraving Service Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
  7.13.5 Norman Noble, Inc Key News
7.14 Krintech
  7.14.1 Krintech Corporate Summary
  7.14.2 Krintech Business Overview
  7.14.3 Krintech Laser Engraving Service Major Product Offerings
  7.14.4 Krintech Laser Engraving Service Revenue in Global Market (2017-2022)
  7.14.5 Krintech Key News

8 CONCLUSION

9 APPENDIX

9.1 Note
9.2 Examples of Clients
9.3 Disclaimer

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Laser Engraving Service Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 2. Laser Engraving Service Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 3. Laser Engraving Service Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 4. Key Players of Laser Engraving Service in Global Market
Table 5. Top Laser Engraving Service Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2021)
Table 6. Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 7. Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 8. Global Companies Laser Engraving Service Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Laser Engraving Service Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Laser Engraving Service Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type – Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 12. By Type - Laser Engraving Service Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 13. By Type - Laser Engraving Service Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 14. By Application – Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 15. By Application - Laser Engraving Service Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 16. By Application - Laser Engraving Service Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 17. By Region – Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 18. By Region - Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 19. By Region - Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 20. By Country - North America Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 21. By Country - North America Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 22. By Country - Europe Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 23. By Country - Europe Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 24. By Region - Asia Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 25. By Region - Asia Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 26. By Country - South America Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 27. By Country - South America Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 28. By Country - Middle East & Africa Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 29. By Country - Middle East & Africa Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 30. INDO-MIM Corporate Summary
Table 31. INDO-MIM Laser Engraving Service Product Offerings
Table 32. INDO-MIM Laser Engraving Service Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 33. GCC America, Inc. Corporate Summary
Table 34. GCC America, Inc. Laser Engraving Service Product Offerings
Table 35. GCC America, Inc. Laser Engraving Service Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 36. Hermetic Solutions Group Corporate Summary
Table 37. Hermetic Solutions Group Laser Engraving Service Product Offerings
Table 38. Hermetic Solutions Group Laser Engraving Service Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 39. Cut Technologies Corporate Summary
Table 40. Cut Technologies Laser Engraving Service Product Offerings
Table 41. Cut Technologies Laser Engraving Service Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 42. Coherent, Inc. Corporate Summary
Table 43. Coherent, Inc. Laser Engraving Service Product Offerings
Table 44. Coherent, Inc. Laser Engraving Service Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 45. L&S Design Ltd Corporate Summary
Table 46. L&S Design Ltd Laser Engraving Service Product Offerings
Table 47. L&S Design Ltd Laser Engraving Service Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 48. MPB Communications Inc. Corporate Summary
Table 49. MPB Communications Inc. Laser Engraving Service Product Offerings
Table 50. MPB Communications Inc. Laser Engraving Service Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 51. Gravotech, Inc. Corporate Summary
Table 52. Gravotech, Inc. Laser Engraving Service Product Offerings
Table 53. Gravotech, Inc. Laser Engraving Service Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 54. Quasar Industries Corporate Summary
Table 55. Quasar Industries Laser Engraving Service Product Offerings
Table 56. Quasar Industries Laser Engraving Service Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 57. Anomatic Corp. Corporate Summary
Table 58. Anomatic Corp. Laser Engraving Service Product Offerings
Table 59. Anomatic Corp. Laser Engraving Service Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 60. Ponoko Inc. Corporate Summary
Table 61. Ponoko Inc. Laser Engraving Service Product Offerings
Table 62. Ponoko Inc. Laser Engraving Service Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 63. MicroGroup, Inc. Corporate Summary
Table 64. MicroGroup, Inc. Laser Engraving Service Product Offerings
Table 65. MicroGroup, Inc. Laser Engraving Service Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 66. Norman Noble, Inc Corporate Summary
Table 67. Norman Noble, Inc Laser Engraving Service Product Offerings
Table 68. Norman Noble, Inc Laser Engraving Service Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)
Table 69. Krintech Corporate Summary
Table 70. Krintech Laser Engraving Service Product Offerings
Table 71. Krintech Laser Engraving Service Revenue (US$, Mn), (2017-2022)

List Of Figures

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Laser Engraving Service Segment by Type in 2021
Figure 2. Laser Engraving Service Segment by Application in 2021
Figure 3. Global Laser Engraving Service Market Overview: 2021
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Laser Engraving Service Market Size: 2021 VS 2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue, 2017-2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Laser Engraving Service Revenue in 2021
Figure 8. By Type - Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 9. By Application - Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 10. By Region - Global Laser Engraving Service Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 11. By Country - North America Laser Engraving Service Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 12. US Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 13. Canada Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 14. Mexico Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 15. By Country - Europe Laser Engraving Service Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 16. Germany Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 17. France Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 18. U.K. Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 19. Italy Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 20. Russia Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 21. Nordic Countries Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 22. Benelux Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 23. By Region - Asia Laser Engraving Service Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 24. China Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 25. Japan Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 26. South Korea Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 27. Southeast Asia Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 28. India Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 29. By Country - South America Laser Engraving Service Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 30. Brazil Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 31. Argentina Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 32. By Country - Middle East & Africa Laser Engraving Service Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 33. Turkey Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 34. Israel Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 35. Saudi Arabia Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 36. UAE Laser Engraving Service Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 37. INDO-MIM Laser Engraving Service Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 38. GCC America, Inc. Laser Engraving Service Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 39. Hermetic Solutions Group Laser Engraving Service Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 40. Cut Technologies Laser Engraving Service Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 41. Coherent, Inc. Laser Engraving Service Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 42. L&S Design Ltd Laser Engraving Service Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 43. MPB Communications Inc. Laser Engraving Service Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 44. Gravotech, Inc. Laser Engraving Service Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 45. Quasar Industries Laser Engraving Service Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 46. Anomatic Corp. Laser Engraving Service Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 47. Ponoko Inc. Laser Engraving Service Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 48. MicroGroup, Inc. Laser Engraving Service Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 49. Norman Noble, Inc Laser Engraving Service Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)
Figure 50. Krintech Laser Engraving Service Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2017-2022)