Global Optical Coupler Market Research Report with Opportunities and Strategies to Boost Growth- COVID-19 Impact and Recovery

November 2021 | 115 pages | ID: GF00B4F1D0F4EN
Maia Research

Abstracts

Based on the Optical Coupler market development status, competitive landscape and development model in different regions of the world, this report is dedicated to providing niche markets, potential risks and comprehensive competitive strategy analysis in different fields. From the competitive advantages of different types of products and services, the development opportunities and consumption characteristics and structure analysis of the downstream application fields are all analyzed in detail. To Boost Growth during the epidemic era, this report analyzes in detail for the potential risks and opportunities which can be focused on.

In Chapter 2.4 of the report, we share our perspectives for the impact of COVID-19 from the long and short term.
In chapter 3.4, we provide the influence of the crisis on the industry chain, especially for marketing channels.
In chapters 8-13, we update the timely industry economic revitalization plan of the country-wise government.

Key players in the global Optical Coupler market covered in Chapter 5:
Finisar
Nufern
Sumitomo Electric
LightComm
DK Photonics
Gould Fiber Optics
Advanced Fiber Resources Ltd
Corning
Fujikura
FURUKAWA ELECTRIC

In Chapter 6, on the basis of types, the Optical Coupler market from 2015 to 2025 is primarily split into:
Y Coupler
T Coupler
Star C Coupler
Tree Coupler

In Chapter 7, on the basis of applications, the Optical Coupler market from 2015 to 2025 covers:
Datacom
Telecom
Enterprise

Geographically, the detailed analysis of consumption, revenue, market share and growth rate, historic and forecast (2015-2025) of the following regions are covered in Chapter 8-13:
North America (Covered in Chapter 9)
United States
Canada
Mexico
Europe (Covered in Chapter 10)
Germany
UK
France
Italy
Spain
Russia
Others
Asia-Pacific (Covered in Chapter 11)
China
Japan
South Korea
Australia
India
South America (Covered in Chapter 12)
Brazil
Argentina
Columbia
Middle East and Africa (Covered in Chapter 13)
UAE
Egypt
South Africa

Years considered for this report:
Historical Years: 2015-2019
Base Year: 2019
Estimated Year: 2020
Forecast Period: 2020-2025

Contents

1 MARKET OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Definition and Market Characteristics
1.2 Global Optical Coupler Market Size
1.3 Market Segmentation
1.4 Global Macroeconomic Analysis
1.5 SWOT Analysis

2. MARKET DYNAMICS

2.1 Market Drivers
2.2 Market Constraints and Challenges
2.3 Emerging Market Trends
2.4 Impact of COVID-19
  2.4.1 Short-term Impact
  2.4.2 Long-term Impact

3 ASSOCIATED INDUSTRY ASSESSMENT

3.1 Supply Chain Analysis
3.2 Industry Active Participants
  3.2.1 Suppliers of Raw Materials
  3.2.2 Key Distributors/Retailers
3.3 Alternative Analysis
3.4 The Impact of Covid-19 From the Perspective of Industry Chain

4 MARKET COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

4.1 Industry Leading Players
4.2 Industry News
  4.2.1 Key Product Launch News
  4.2.2 M&A and Expansion Plans

5 ANALYSIS OF LEADING COMPANIES

5.1 Finisar
  5.1.1 Finisar Company Profile
  5.1.2 Finisar Business Overview
  5.1.3 Finisar Optical Coupler Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.1.4 Finisar Optical Coupler Products Introduction
5.2 Nufern
  5.2.1 Nufern Company Profile
  5.2.2 Nufern Business Overview
  5.2.3 Nufern Optical Coupler Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.2.4 Nufern Optical Coupler Products Introduction
5.3 Sumitomo Electric
  5.3.1 Sumitomo Electric Company Profile
  5.3.2 Sumitomo Electric Business Overview
  5.3.3 Sumitomo Electric Optical Coupler Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.3.4 Sumitomo Electric Optical Coupler Products Introduction
5.4 LightComm
  5.4.1 LightComm Company Profile
  5.4.2 LightComm Business Overview
  5.4.3 LightComm Optical Coupler Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.4.4 LightComm Optical Coupler Products Introduction
5.5 DK Photonics
  5.5.1 DK Photonics Company Profile
  5.5.2 DK Photonics Business Overview
  5.5.3 DK Photonics Optical Coupler Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.5.4 DK Photonics Optical Coupler Products Introduction
5.6 Gould Fiber Optics
  5.6.1 Gould Fiber Optics Company Profile
  5.6.2 Gould Fiber Optics Business Overview
  5.6.3 Gould Fiber Optics Optical Coupler Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.6.4 Gould Fiber Optics Optical Coupler Products Introduction
5.7 Advanced Fiber Resources Ltd
  5.7.1 Advanced Fiber Resources Ltd Company Profile
  5.7.2 Advanced Fiber Resources Ltd Business Overview
  5.7.3 Advanced Fiber Resources Ltd Optical Coupler Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.7.4 Advanced Fiber Resources Ltd Optical Coupler Products Introduction
5.8 Corning
  5.8.1 Corning Company Profile
  5.8.2 Corning Business Overview
  5.8.3 Corning Optical Coupler Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.8.4 Corning Optical Coupler Products Introduction
5.9 Fujikura
  5.9.1 Fujikura Company Profile
  5.9.2 Fujikura Business Overview
  5.9.3 Fujikura Optical Coupler Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.9.4 Fujikura Optical Coupler Products Introduction
5.10 FURUKAWA ELECTRIC
  5.10.1 FURUKAWA ELECTRIC Company Profile
  5.10.2 FURUKAWA ELECTRIC Business Overview
  5.10.3 FURUKAWA ELECTRIC Optical Coupler Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.10.4 FURUKAWA ELECTRIC Optical Coupler Products Introduction

6 MARKET ANALYSIS AND FORECAST, BY PRODUCT TYPES

6.1 Global Optical Coupler Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
  6.1.1 Global Optical Coupler Sales and Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
  6.1.2 Global Optical Coupler Revenue and Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
  6.1.3 Global Optical Coupler Price by Types (2015-2020)
6.2 Global Optical Coupler Market Forecast by Types (2020-2025)
  6.2.1 Global Optical Coupler Market Forecast Sales and Market Share by Types (2020-2025)
  6.2.2 Global Optical Coupler Market Forecast Revenue and Market Share by Types (2020-2025)
6.3 Global Optical Coupler Sales, Price and Growth Rate by Types (2015-2020)
  6.3.1 Global Optical Coupler Sales, Price and Growth Rate of Y Coupler
  6.3.2 Global Optical Coupler Sales, Price and Growth Rate of T Coupler
  6.3.3 Global Optical Coupler Sales, Price and Growth Rate of Star C Coupler
  6.3.4 Global Optical Coupler Sales, Price and Growth Rate of Tree Coupler
6.4 Global Optical Coupler Market Revenue and Sales Forecast, by Types (2020-2025)
  6.4.1 Y Coupler Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
  6.4.2 T Coupler Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
  6.4.3 Star C Coupler Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
  6.4.4 Tree Coupler Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)

7 MARKET ANALYSIS AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATIONS

7.1 Global Optical Coupler Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
  7.1.1 Global Optical Coupler Sales and Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
  7.1.2 Global Optical Coupler Revenue and Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
7.2 Global Optical Coupler Market Forecast by Applications (2020-2025)
  7.2.1 Global Optical Coupler Market Forecast Sales and Market Share by Applications (2020-2025)
  7.2.2 Global Optical Coupler Market Forecast Revenue and Market Share by Applications (2020-2025)
7.3 Global Revenue, Sales and Growth Rate by Applications (2015-2020)
  7.3.1 Global Optical Coupler Revenue, Sales and Growth Rate of Datacom (2015-2020)
  7.3.2 Global Optical Coupler Revenue, Sales and Growth Rate of Telecom (2015-2020)
  7.3.3 Global Optical Coupler Revenue, Sales and Growth Rate of Enterprise (2015-2020)
7.4 Global Optical Coupler Market Revenue and Sales Forecast, by Applications (2020-2025)
  7.4.1 Datacom Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
  7.4.2 Telecom Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
  7.4.3 Enterprise Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)

8 MARKET ANALYSIS AND FORECAST, BY REGIONS

8.1 Global Optical Coupler Sales by Regions (2015-2020)
8.2 Global Optical Coupler Market Revenue by Regions (2015-2020)
8.3 Global Optical Coupler Market Forecast by Regions (2020-2025)

9 NORTH AMERICA OPTICAL COUPLER MARKET ANALYSIS

9.1 Market Overview and Prospect Analysis
9.2 North America Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
9.3 North America Optical Coupler Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
9.4 North America Optical Coupler Market Forecast
9.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on North America Market
9.6 North America Optical Coupler Market Analysis by Country
  9.6.1 U.S. Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate
  9.6.2 Canada Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate
  9.6.3 Mexico Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate

10 EUROPE OPTICAL COUPLER MARKET ANALYSIS

10.1 Market Overview and Prospect Analysis
10.2 Europe Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
10.3 Europe Optical Coupler Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
10.4 Europe Optical Coupler Market Forecast
10.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on Europe Market
10.6 Europe Optical Coupler Market Analysis by Country
  10.6.1 Germany Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate
  10.6.2 United Kingdom Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate
  10.6.3 France Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate
  10.6.4 Italy Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate
  10.6.5 Spain Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate
  10.6.6 Russia Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate

11 ASIA-PACIFIC OPTICAL COUPLER MARKET ANALYSIS

11.1 Market Overview and Prospect Analysis
11.2 Asia-Pacific Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
11.3 Asia-Pacific Optical Coupler Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
11.4 Asia-Pacific Optical Coupler Market Forecast
11.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on Asia Pacific Market
11.6 Asia-Pacific Optical Coupler Market Analysis by Country
  11.6.1 China Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate
  11.6.2 Japan Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate
  11.6.3 South Korea Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate
  11.6.4 Australia Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate
  11.6.5 India Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate

12 SOUTH AMERICA OPTICAL COUPLER MARKET ANALYSIS

12.1 Market Overview and Prospect Analysis
12.2 South America Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
12.3 South America Optical Coupler Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
12.4 South America Optical Coupler Market Forecast
12.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on South America Market
12.6 South America Optical Coupler Market Analysis by Country
  12.6.1 Brazil Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate
  12.6.2 Argentina Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate
  12.6.3 Columbia Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate

13 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA OPTICAL COUPLER MARKET ANALYSIS

13.1 Market Overview and Prospect Analysis
13.2 Middle East and Africa Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
13.3 Middle East and Africa Optical Coupler Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
13.4 Middle East and Africa Optical Coupler Market Forecast
13.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on Middle East and Africa Market
13.6 Middle East and Africa Optical Coupler Market Analysis by Country
  13.6.1 UAE Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate
  13.6.2 Egypt Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate
  13.6.3 South Africa Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate

14 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

14.1 Key Market Findings and Prospects
14.2 Advice for Investors

15 APPENDIX

15.1 Methodology
15.2 Research Data Source

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Product Picture
Figure Global Optical Coupler Market Size and Growth Rate 2015-2025
Table Optical Coupler Key Market Segments
Figure Global Optical Coupler Market Revenue ($) Segment by Type from 2015-2020
Figure Global Optical Coupler Market Revenue ($) Segment by Applications from 2015-2020
Table SWOT Analysis
Figure Global COVID-19 Status
Figure Supply Chain
Table Major Players Headquarters, and Service Area of Optical Coupler
Table Major Players Revenue in 2019
Figure Major Players Revenue Share in 2019
Table Finisar Company Profile
Table Finisar Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Finisar Production and Growth Rate
Figure Finisar Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Nufern Company Profile
Table Nufern Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Nufern Production and Growth Rate
Figure Nufern Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Sumitomo Electric Company Profile
Table Sumitomo Electric Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Sumitomo Electric Production and Growth Rate
Figure Sumitomo Electric Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table LightComm Company Profile
Table LightComm Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure LightComm Production and Growth Rate
Figure LightComm Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table DK Photonics Company Profile
Table DK Photonics Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure DK Photonics Production and Growth Rate
Figure DK Photonics Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Gould Fiber Optics Company Profile
Table Gould Fiber Optics Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Gould Fiber Optics Production and Growth Rate
Figure Gould Fiber Optics Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Advanced Fiber Resources Ltd Company Profile
Table Advanced Fiber Resources Ltd Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Advanced Fiber Resources Ltd Production and Growth Rate
Figure Advanced Fiber Resources Ltd Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Corning Company Profile
Table Corning Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Corning Production and Growth Rate
Figure Corning Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Fujikura Company Profile
Table Fujikura Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Fujikura Production and Growth Rate
Figure Fujikura Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table FURUKAWA ELECTRIC Company Profile
Table FURUKAWA ELECTRIC Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure FURUKAWA ELECTRIC Production and Growth Rate
Figure FURUKAWA ELECTRIC Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Global Optical Coupler Sales by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Optical Coupler Sales Share by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Optical Coupler Revenue ($) by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Optical Coupler Revenue Share by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Optical Coupler Price ($) by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Optical Coupler Market Forecast Sales by Types (2020-2025)
Table Global Optical Coupler Market Forecast Sales Share by Types (2020-2025)
Table Global Optical Coupler Market Forecast Revenue ($) by Types (2020-2025)
Table Global Optical Coupler Market Forecast Revenue Share by Types (2020-2025)
Figure Global Y Coupler Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Y Coupler Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global T Coupler Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global T Coupler Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Star C Coupler Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Star C Coupler Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Tree Coupler Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Tree Coupler Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Optical Coupler Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Y Coupler (2020-2025)
Figure Global Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Y Coupler (2020-2025)
Figure Global Optical Coupler Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of T Coupler (2020-2025)
Figure Global Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of T Coupler (2020-2025)
Figure Global Optical Coupler Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Star C Coupler (2020-2025)
Figure Global Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Star C Coupler (2020-2025)
Figure Global Optical Coupler Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Tree Coupler (2020-2025)
Figure Global Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Tree Coupler (2020-2025)
Table Global Optical Coupler Sales by Applications (2015-2020)
Table Global Optical Coupler Sales Share by Applications (2015-2020)
Table Global Optical Coupler Revenue ($) by Applications (2015-2020)
Table Global Optical Coupler Revenue Share by Applications (2015-2020)
Table Global Optical Coupler Market Forecast Sales by Applications (2020-2025)
Table Global Optical Coupler Market Forecast Sales Share by Applications (2020-2025)
Table Global Optical Coupler Market Forecast Revenue ($) by Applications (2020-2025)
Table Global Optical Coupler Market Forecast Revenue Share by Applications (2020-2025)
Figure Global Datacom Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Datacom Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Telecom Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Telecom Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Enterprise Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Enterprise Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Optical Coupler Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Datacom (2020-2025)
Figure Global Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Datacom (2020-2025)
Figure Global Optical Coupler Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Telecom (2020-2025)
Figure Global Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Telecom (2020-2025)
Figure Global Optical Coupler Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Enterprise (2020-2025)
Figure Global Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Enterprise (2020-2025)
Figure Global Optical Coupler Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Global Optical Coupler Sales by Regions (2015-2020)
Table Global Optical Coupler Sales Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)
Figure Global Optical Coupler Sales Market Share by Regions in 2019
Figure Global Optical Coupler Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Global Optical Coupler Revenue by Regions (2015-2020)
Table Global Optical Coupler Revenue Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)
Figure Global Optical Coupler Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2019
Table Global Optical Coupler Market Forecast Sales by Regions (2020-2025)
Table Global Optical Coupler Market Forecast Sales Share by Regions (2020-2025)
Table Global Optical Coupler Market Forecast Revenue ($) by Regions (2020-2025)
Table Global Optical Coupler Market Forecast Revenue Share by Regions (2020-2025)
Figure North America Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure North America Optical Coupler Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure North America Optical Coupler Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)
Figure North America Optical Coupler Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)
Figure North America COVID-19 Status
Figure U.S. Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Canada Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Mexico Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Europe Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Europe Optical Coupler Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Europe Optical Coupler Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)
Figure Europe Optical Coupler Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)
Figure Europe COVID-19 Status
Figure Germany Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure United Kingdom Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure France Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Italy Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Spain Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Russia Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Asia-Pacific Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Asia-Pacific Optical Coupler Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Asia-Pacific Optical Coupler Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)
Figure Asia-Pacific Optical Coupler Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)
Figure Asia Pacific COVID-19 Status
Figure China Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Japan Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South Korea Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Australia Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure India Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South America Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South America Optical Coupler Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South America Optical Coupler Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)
Figure South America Optical Coupler Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)
Figure Brazil Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Argentina Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Columbia Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Middle East and Africa Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Middle East and Africa Optical Coupler Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Middle East and Africa Optical Coupler Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)
Figure Middle East and Africa Optical Coupler Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)
Figure UAE Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Egypt Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South Africa Optical Coupler Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)