Global Fire Alarm Call Points Industry Research Report 2020, Forecast to 2025

July 2020 | 100 pages | ID: GE3A896EB3B2EN
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Abstracts

The report requires updating with new data and is sent in 48 hours after order is placed.

The Fire Alarm Call Points market was valued at US$ xx in 2019, prior to COVID-19. Whereas post-COVID-19 scenario, the market for Fire Alarm Call Points is projected to grow from US$ xx million in 2020, and is projected to reach xx by 2025, at a CAGR of xx% during the forecast period. Projected and forecast revenue values are in constant U.S. dollars, unadjusted for inflation. Product values are estimated based on manufacturers' revenue.

The report offers detailed coverage of Fire Alarm Call Points industry and main market trends. The market research includes historical and forecast market data, demand, application details, price trends, and company shares of the leading Fire Alarm Call Points by geography. The report splits the market size, by volume and value, on the basis of application type and geography.

In addition to this data, the report provides insight into drivers of market demand and strategies of suppliers. Key players are profiled, and their market shares in the global Fire Alarm Call Points market are discussed.

The market is segmented by types:

• Plastic Type
• Glass Type

It can be also divided by applications:

• Oil and Gas
• Manufacturing/Machine Building
• Chemical and Pharmaceutical
• Food and Beverages
• Energy and Power
• Mining
• Commercial and Civil
• Others

And this report covers the historical situation, present status and the future prospects of the global Fire Alarm Call Points market for 2015-2025. In this report, we analyze global market from 5 geographies: Asia-Pacific, Europe, North America, Middle East & Africa, South America.

Finally, the report provides detailed profile and data information analysis of leading company.

• Siemens
• Werma
• Eaton
• Honeywell
• Thermo Fisher Scientific
• KAC
• Regal Security
• Rockwell Automation
• JADE BIRD FIRE
• Kisi
• STI EMEA
• Cooper MEDC

Report Includes:

• xx data tables and xx additional tables
• An overview of global Fire Alarm Call Points market
• An detailed key players analysis across regions
• Analyses of global market trends, with historical data, estimates for 2020 and projections of compound annual growth rates (CAGRs) through 2025
• Insights into regulatory and environmental developments
• Information on the supply and demand scenario and evaluation of technological and investment opportunities in the Fire Alarm Call Points market
• Profiles of major players in the industry, including Siemens, Werma, Eaton, Honeywell, Thermo Fisher Scientific.....

Research objectives

• To study and analyze the global Fire Alarm Call Points consumption (value & volume) by key regions/countries, product type and application, history data from 2015 to 2019, and forecast to 2025.
• To understand the structure of Fire Alarm Call Points market by identifying its various subsegments.
• Focuses on the key global Fire Alarm Call Points manufacturers, to define, describe and analyze the sales volume, value, market share, market competition landscape, Porter's five forces analysis, SWOT analysis and development plans in next few years.
• To analyze the Fire Alarm Call Points with respect to individual growth trends, future prospects, and their contribution to the total market.
• To share detailed information about the key factors influencing the growth of the market (growth potential, opportunities, drivers, industry-specific challenges and risks).
• To project the consumption of Fire Alarm Call Points submarkets, with respect to key regions (along with their respective key countries).
• To analyze competitive developments such as expansions, agreements, new product launches, and acquisitions in the market.
• To strategically profile the key players and comprehensively analyze their growth strategies.

Contents

Global Fire Alarm Call Points Market Report 2020, Forecast to 2025

1 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

1.1 Fire Alarm Call Points Introduction
1.2 Research Programs
1.3 Analysis of Macroeconomic Indicators
1.4 Years Considered
1.5 Methodology
1.6 Data Source
1.7 Research Objectives

2 FIRE ALARM CALL POINTS INDUSTRY OVERVIEW

2.1 Global Fire Alarm Call Points Market Size (Million USD) Comparison by Regions (2020-2025)
  2.1.1 Fire Alarm Call Points Global Import Market Analysis
  2.1.2 Fire Alarm Call Points Global Export Market Analysis
  2.1.3 Fire Alarm Call Points Global Main Region Market Analysis
2.2 Market Analysis by Type
  2.2.1 Plastic Type
  2.2.2 Glass Type
2.3 Market Analysis by Application
  2.3.1 Oil and Gas
  2.3.2 Manufacturing/Machine Building
  2.3.3 Chemical and Pharmaceutical
  2.3.4 Food and Beverages
  2.3.5 Energy and Power
  2.3.6 Mining
  2.3.7 Commercial and Civil
  2.3.8 Others
2.4 Global Fire Alarm Call Points Revenue, Sales and Market Share by Manufacturer
  2.4.1 Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales and Market Share by Manufacturer (2018-2020)
  2.4.2 Global Fire Alarm Call Points Revenue and Market Share by Manufacturer (2018-2020)
  2.4.3 Global Fire Alarm Call Points Industry Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
  2.4.4 Top 5 Fire Alarm Call Points Manufacturer Market Share
  2.4.5 Top 10 Fire Alarm Call Points Manufacturer Market Share
  2.4.6 Date of Key Manufacturers Enter into Fire Alarm Call Points Market
  2.4.7 Key Manufacturers Fire Alarm Call Points Product Offered
  2.4.8 Mergers & Acquisitions Planning
2.5 Fire Alarm Call Points Historical Development Overview
2.6 Market Dynamics
  2.6.1 Market Opportunities
  2.6.2 Market Risk
  2.6.3 Market Driving Force
  2.6.4 Porter's Five Forces Analysis
2.7 Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19): Fire Alarm Call Points Industry Impact
  2.7.1 How the Covid-19 is Affecting the Fire Alarm Call Points Industry
  2.7.2 Fire Alarm Call Points Business Impact Assessment - Covid-19
  2.7.3 Market Trends and Fire Alarm Call Points Potential Opportunities in the COVID-19 Landscape
  2.7.4 Measures / Proposal against Covid-19

3 UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM MARKET ANALYSIS

3.1 Upstream Analysis
  3.1.1 Macro Analysis of Upstream Markets
  3.1.2 Key Players in Upstream Markets
  3.1.3 Upstream Market Trend Analysis
  3.1.4 Fire Alarm Call Points Manufacturing Cost Analysis
3.2 Downstream Market Analysis
  3.2.1 Macro Analysis of Down Markets
  3.2.2 Key Players in Down Markets
  3.2.3 Downstream Market Trend Analysis
  3.2.4 Sales Channel, Distributors, Traders and Dealers

4 GLOBAL FIRE ALARM CALL POINTS MARKET SIZE CATEGORIZED BY REGIONS (2015-2020)

4.1 Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales Market Share by Region
4.2 Global Fire Alarm Call Points Revenue Market Share by Region (2015-2019)
4.3 Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
4.4 North America Fire Alarm Call Points Market Size Detail
  4.4.1 North America Fire Alarm Call Points Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
  4.4.2 North America Fire Alarm Call Points Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
4.5 Europe Fire Alarm Call Points Market Size Detail
  4.5.1 Europe Fire Alarm Call Points Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
  4.5.2 Europe Fire Alarm Call Points Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
4.6 Japan Fire Alarm Call Points Market Size Detail
  4.6.1 Japan Fire Alarm Call Points Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
  4.6.2 Japan Fire Alarm Call Points Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
4.7 China Fire Alarm Call Points Market Size Detail
  4.7.1 China Fire Alarm Call Points Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
  4.7.2 China Fire Alarm Call Points Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)

5 GLOBAL FIRE ALARM CALL POINTS MARKET SEGMENT BY TYPE

5.1 Global Fire Alarm Call Points Revenue, Sales and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
  5.1.1 Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
  5.1.2 Global Fire Alarm Call Points Revenue and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
5.2 Plastic Type Sales Growth Rate and Price
  5.2.1 Global Plastic Type Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
  5.2.2 Global Plastic Type Price (2015-2020)
5.3 Glass Type Sales Growth Rate and Price
  5.3.1 Global Glass Type Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
  5.3.2 Global Glass Type Price (2015-2020)

6 GLOBAL FIRE ALARM CALL POINTS MARKET SEGMENT BY APPLICATION

6.1 Global Fire Alarm Call PointsSales Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
6.2 Oil and Gas Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
6.3 Manufacturing/Machine Building Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
6.4 Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
6.5 Food and Beverages Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
6.6 Energy and Power Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
6.7 Mining Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
6.8 Commercial and Civil Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
6.9 Others Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)

7 GLOBAL FIRE ALARM CALL POINTS MARKET FORECAST

7.1 Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales, Revenue Forecast
  7.1.1 Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
  7.1.2 Global Fire Alarm Call Points Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
  7.1.3 Global Fire Alarm Call Points Price and Trend Forecast (2020-2025)
7.2 Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales Forecast by Region (2020-2025)
  7.2.1 North America Fire Alarm Call Points Sales, Revenue Forecast (2020-2025)
  7.2.2 Europe Fire Alarm Call Points Sales, Revenue Forecast (2020-2025)
  7.2.3 Japan Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Revenue Forecast (2020-2025)
  7.2.4 China Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Revenue Forecast (2020-2025)

8 ANALYSIS OF FIRE ALARM CALL POINTS INDUSTRY KEY MANUFACTURERS

8.1 Siemens
  8.1.1 Company Details
  8.1.2 Product Information
  8.1.3 Siemens Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2018-2020)
  8.1.4 Main Business Overview
  8.1.5 Siemens News
8.2 Werma
  8.2.1 Company Details
  8.2.2 Product Information
  8.2.3 Werma Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2018-2020)
  8.2.4 Main Business Overview
  8.2.5 Werma News
8.3 Eaton
  8.3.1 Company Details
  8.3.2 Product Information
  8.3.3 Eaton Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2018-2020)
  8.3.4 Main Business Overview
  8.3.5 Eaton News
8.4 Honeywell
  8.4.1 Company Details
  8.4.2 Product Information
  8.4.3 Honeywell Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2018-2020)
  8.4.4 Main Business Overview
  8.4.5 Honeywell News
8.5 Thermo Fisher Scientific
  8.5.1 Company Details
  8.5.2 Product Information
  8.5.3 Thermo Fisher Scientific Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2018-2020)
  8.5.4 Main Business Overview
  8.5.5 Thermo Fisher Scientific News
8.6 KAC
  8.6.1 Company Details
  8.6.2 Product Information
  8.6.3 KAC Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2018-2020)
  8.6.4 Main Business Overview
  8.6.5 KAC News
8.7 Regal Security
  8.7.1 Company Details
  8.7.2 Product Information
  8.7.3 Regal Security Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2018-2020)
  8.7.4 Main Business Overview
  8.7.5 Regal Security News
8.8 Rockwell Automation
  8.8.1 Company Details
  8.8.2 Product Information
  8.8.3 Rockwell Automation Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2018-2020)
  8.8.4 Main Business Overview
  8.8.5 Rockwell Automation News
8.9 JADE BIRD FIRE
  8.9.1 Company Details
  8.9.2 Product Information
  8.9.3 JADE BIRD FIRE Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2018-2020)
  8.9.4 Main Business Overview
  8.9.5 JADE BIRD FIRE News
8.10 Kisi
  8.10.1 Company Details
  8.10.2 Product Information
  8.10.3 Kisi Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2018-2020)
  8.10.4 Main Business Overview
  8.10.5 Kisi News
8.11 STI EMEA
  8.11.1 Company Details
  8.11.2 Product Information
  8.11.3 STI EMEA Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2018-2020)
  8.11.4 Main Business Overview
  8.11.5 STI EMEA News
8.12 Cooper MEDC
  8.12.1 Company Details
  8.12.2 Product Information
  8.12.3 Cooper MEDC Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2018-2020)
  8.12.4 Main Business Overview
  8.12.5 Cooper MEDC News

9 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

10 APPENDIX

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Fire Alarm Call Points Picture
Figure Research Programs/Design for This Report
Figure Global Fire Alarm Call Points Market by Regions (2019)
Table Global Market Fire Alarm Call Points Comparison by Regions (M USD) 2019-2025
Table Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales Growth (CAGR) (2019-2025) by Type
Figure Global Sales Market Share of Fire Alarm Call Points by Type in 2019
Figure Plastic Type Picture
Figure Glass Type Picture
Table Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales by Application (2019-2025)
Figure Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales Market Share by Application in 2019
Figure Oil and Gas Picture
Figure Manufacturing/Machine Building Picture
Figure Chemical and Pharmaceutical Picture
Figure Food and Beverages Picture
Figure Energy and Power Picture
Figure Mining Picture
Figure Commercial and Civil Picture
Figure Others Picture
Table Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales by Manufacturer (2018-2020)
Figure Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales Market Share by Manufacturer in 2019
Table Global Fire Alarm Call Points Revenue by Manufacturer (2018-2020)
Figure Global Fire Alarm Call Points Revenue Market Share by Manufacturer in 2019
Table Global Fire Alarm Call Points Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Figure Top 5 Fire Alarm Call Points Manufacturer (Revenue) Market Share in 2019
Figure Top 10 Fire Alarm Call Points Manufacturer (Revenue) Market Share in 2019
Table Date of Key Manufacturers Enter into Fire Alarm Call Points Market
Table Key Manufacturers Fire Alarm Call Points Product Type
Table Mergers & Acquisitions Planning
Table Market Opportunities in Next Few Years
Table Market Risks Analysis
Table Market Drivers
Table Key Players of Upstream Markets
Table Key Raw Materials
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Fire Alarm Call Points
Table Key Players of Upstream Markets
Figure Sales Channel
Table Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales (K Units) by Region (2015-2020)
Table Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales Market Share by Region (2015-2019)
Figure Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales Market Share by Region (2015-2019)
Figure Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales Market Share by Region in 2018
Table Global Fire Alarm Call Points Revenue (Million US$) by Region (2015-2020)
Table Global Fire Alarm Call Points Revenue Market Share by Region (2015-2020)
Figure Global Fire Alarm Call Points Revenue Market Share by Region (2015-2020)
Figure Global Fire Alarm Call Points Revenue Market Share by Region in 2019
Table Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure North America Fire Alarm Call Points Sales (K Units) Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table North America Fire Alarm Call Points Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Europe Fire Alarm Call Points Sales (K Units) Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Europe Fire Alarm Call Points Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Japan Fire Alarm Call Points Sales (K Units) Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Japan Fire Alarm Call Points Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure China Fire Alarm Call Points Sales (K Units) Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table China Fire Alarm Call Points Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million US$), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales by Type (2015-2020)
Table Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
Figure Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales Market Share by Type in 2019
Table Global Fire Alarm Call Points Revenue by Type (2015-2020)
Table Global Fire Alarm Call Points Revenue Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
Figure Global Fire Alarm Call Points Revenue Market Share by Type in 2019
Figure Global Plastic Type Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Plastic Type Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Glass Type Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Glass Type Price (2015-2020)
Table Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales by Application (2015-2020)
Table Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
Figure Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales Market Share by Application in 2019
Figure Global Oil and Gas Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Manufacturing/Machine Building Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Food and Beverages Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Energy and Power Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Mining Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Commercial and Civil Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Others Sales Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Fire Alarm Call Points Production (K Units) Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
Figure Global Fire Alarm Call Points Revenue (Million US$) Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
Figure Global Fire Alarm Call Points Price and Trend Forecast (2020-2025)
Table Global Fire Alarm Call Points Sales (K Units) Forecast by Region (2020-2025)
Figure Global Fire Alarm Call Points Production Market Share Forecast by Region (2020-2025)
Figure North America Fire Alarm Call Points Sales (K Units) Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
Figure North America Fire Alarm Call Points Revenue (Million US$) Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
Figure Europe Fire Alarm Call Points Sales (K Units) Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
Figure Europe Fire Alarm Call Points Revenue (Million US$) Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
Figure Japan Fire Alarm Call Points Production (K Units) Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
Figure Japan Fire Alarm Call Points Revenue (Million US$) Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
Figure China Fire Alarm Call Points Production (K Units) Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
Figure China Fire Alarm Call Points Revenue (Million US$) Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
Table Siemens Company Profile
Figure Fire Alarm Call Points Product Picture and Specifications of Siemens
Table Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin of 2018-2020
Figure Siemens Fire Alarm Call Points Market Share (2018-2020)
Table Siemens Main Business
Table Siemens Recent Development
Table Werma Company Profile
Figure Fire Alarm Call Points Product Picture and Specifications of Werma
Table Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin of 2018-2020
Figure Werma Fire Alarm Call Points Market Share (2018-2020)
Table Werma Main Business
Table Werma Recent Development
Table Eaton Company Profile
Figure Fire Alarm Call Points Product Picture and Specifications of Eaton
Table Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin of 2018-2020
Figure Eaton Fire Alarm Call Points Market Share (2018-2020)
Table Eaton Main Business
Table Eaton Recent Development
Table Honeywell Company Profile
Figure Fire Alarm Call Points Product Picture and Specifications of Honeywell
Table Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin of 2018-2020
Figure Honeywell Fire Alarm Call Points Market Share (2018-2020)
Table Honeywell Main Business
Table Honeywell Recent Development
Table Thermo Fisher Scientific Company Profile
Figure Fire Alarm Call Points Product Picture and Specifications of Thermo Fisher Scientific
Table Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin of 2018-2020
Figure Thermo Fisher Scientific Fire Alarm Call Points Market Share (2018-2020)
Table Thermo Fisher Scientific Main Business
Table Thermo Fisher Scientific Recent Development
Table KAC Company Profile
Figure Fire Alarm Call Points Product Picture and Specifications of KAC
Table Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin of 2018-2020
Figure KAC Fire Alarm Call Points Market Share (2018-2020)
Table KAC Main Business
Table KAC Recent Development
Table Regal Security Company Profile
Figure Fire Alarm Call Points Product Picture and Specifications of Regal Security
Table Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin of 2018-2020
Figure Regal Security Fire Alarm Call Points Market Share (2018-2020)
Table Regal Security Main Business
Table Regal Security Recent Development
Table Rockwell Automation Company Profile
Figure Fire Alarm Call Points Product Picture and Specifications of Rockwell Automation
Table Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin of 2018-2020
Figure Rockwell Automation Fire Alarm Call Points Market Share (2018-2020)
Table Rockwell Automation Main Business
Table Rockwell Automation Recent Development
Table JADE BIRD FIRE Company Profile
Figure Fire Alarm Call Points Product Picture and Specifications of JADE BIRD FIRE
Table Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin of 2018-2020
Figure JADE BIRD FIRE Fire Alarm Call Points Market Share (2018-2020)
Table JADE BIRD FIRE Main Business
Table JADE BIRD FIRE Recent Development
Table Kisi Company Profile
Figure Fire Alarm Call Points Product Picture and Specifications of Kisi
Table Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin of 2018-2020
Figure Kisi Fire Alarm Call Points Market Share (2018-2020)
Table Kisi Main Business
Table Kisi Recent Development
Table STI EMEA Company Profile
Figure Fire Alarm Call Points Product Picture and Specifications of STI EMEA
Table Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin of 2018-2020
Figure STI EMEA Fire Alarm Call Points Market Share (2018-2020)
Table STI EMEA Main Business
Table STI EMEA Recent Development
Table Cooper MEDC Company Profile
Figure Fire Alarm Call Points Product Picture and Specifications of Cooper MEDC
Table Fire Alarm Call Points Production, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin of 2018-2020
Figure Cooper MEDC Fire Alarm Call Points Market Share (2018-2020)
Table Cooper MEDC Main Business
Table Cooper MEDC Recent Development
Table of Appendix