Global Catering Services Market 2024 by Company, Regions, Type and Application, Forecast to 2030
According to our (Global Info Research) latest study, the global Catering Services market size was valued at USD 118380 million in 2023 and is forecast to a readjusted size of USD 162730 million by 2030 with a CAGR of 4.7% during review period.
Catering is a business that provides food service to an event or location. Catering services are often sold on a per-person basis. A catering proposal will usually include rental arrival time, staff arrival time, bar open and close time, meal time and rental pick up. There are many factors that can affect the price of catering such as menu choices, furniture or supply rentals, labor and service charges. There are many types of food catering services included in the market, including mobile catering, airline catering, and event catering.
Major drivers of the global in-flight catering services market include the rising expectations of all the passengers irrespective of class of seating to want to have healthy nutritious food and growing number of flyers. In addition to that economy class passengers are now demanding to have high quality food, which is boosting in-flight catering services market.
The Global Info Research report includes an overview of the development of the Catering Services industry chain, the market status of Economy Class (In-Flight Food Services, In-Flight Beverage Services), Business Class (In-Flight Food Services, In-Flight Beverage Services), and key enterprises in developed and developing market, and analysed the cutting-edge technology, patent, hot applications and market trends of Catering Services.
Regionally, the report analyzes the Catering Services markets in key regions. North America and Europe are experiencing steady growth, driven by government initiatives and increasing consumer awareness. Asia-Pacific, particularly China, leads the global Catering Services market, with robust domestic demand, supportive policies, and a strong manufacturing base.
Key Features:
The report presents comprehensive understanding of the Catering Services market. It provides a holistic view of the industry, as well as detailed insights into individual components and stakeholders. The report analysis market dynamics, trends, challenges, and opportunities within the Catering Services industry.
The report involves analyzing the market at a macro level:
Market Sizing and Segmentation: Report collect data on the overall market size, including the revenue generated, and market share of different by Type (e.g., In-Flight Food Services, In-Flight Beverage Services).
Industry Analysis: Report analyse the broader industry trends, such as government policies and regulations, technological advancements, consumer preferences, and market dynamics. This analysis helps in understanding the key drivers and challenges influencing the Catering Services market.
Regional Analysis: The report involves examining the Catering Services market at a regional or national level. Report analyses regional factors such as government incentives, infrastructure development, economic conditions, and consumer behaviour to identify variations and opportunities within different markets.
Market Projections: Report covers the gathered data and analysis to make future projections and forecasts for the Catering Services market. This may include estimating market growth rates, predicting market demand, and identifying emerging trends.
The report also involves a more granular approach to Catering Services:
Company Analysis: Report covers individual Catering Services players, suppliers, and other relevant industry players. This analysis includes studying their financial performance, market positioning, product portfolios, partnerships, and strategies.
Consumer Analysis: Report covers data on consumer behaviour, preferences, and attitudes towards Catering Services This may involve surveys, interviews, and analysis of consumer reviews and feedback from different by Application (Economy Class, Business Class).
Technology Analysis: Report covers specific technologies relevant to Catering Services. It assesses the current state, advancements, and potential future developments in Catering Services areas.
Competitive Landscape: By analyzing individual companies, suppliers, and consumers, the report present insights into the competitive landscape of the Catering Services market. This analysis helps understand market share, competitive advantages, and potential areas for differentiation among industry players.
Market Validation: The report involves validating findings and projections through primary research, such as surveys, interviews, and focus groups.
Market Segmentation
Catering Services market is split by Type and by Application. For the period 2019-2030, the growth among segments provides accurate calculations and forecasts for consumption value by Type, and by Application in terms of value.
Market segment by Type
Chapter 1, to describe Catering Services product scope, market overview, market estimation caveats and base year.
Chapter 2, to profile the top players of Catering Services, with revenue, gross margin and global market share of Catering Services from 2019 to 2024.
Chapter 3, the Catering Services competitive situation, revenue and global market share of top players are analyzed emphatically by landscape contrast.
Chapter 4 and 5, to segment the market size by Type and application, with consumption value and growth rate by Type, application, from 2019 to 2030.
Chapter 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, to break the market size data at the country level, with revenue and market share for key countries in the world, from 2019 to 2024.and Catering Services market forecast, by regions, type and application, with consumption value, from 2025 to 2030.
Chapter 11, market dynamics, drivers, restraints, trends and Porters Five Forces analysis.
Chapter 12, the key raw materials and key suppliers, and industry chain of Catering Services.
Chapter 13, to describe Catering Services research findings and conclusion.
Catering is a business that provides food service to an event or location. Catering services are often sold on a per-person basis. A catering proposal will usually include rental arrival time, staff arrival time, bar open and close time, meal time and rental pick up. There are many factors that can affect the price of catering such as menu choices, furniture or supply rentals, labor and service charges. There are many types of food catering services included in the market, including mobile catering, airline catering, and event catering.
Major drivers of the global in-flight catering services market include the rising expectations of all the passengers irrespective of class of seating to want to have healthy nutritious food and growing number of flyers. In addition to that economy class passengers are now demanding to have high quality food, which is boosting in-flight catering services market.
The Global Info Research report includes an overview of the development of the Catering Services industry chain, the market status of Economy Class (In-Flight Food Services, In-Flight Beverage Services), Business Class (In-Flight Food Services, In-Flight Beverage Services), and key enterprises in developed and developing market, and analysed the cutting-edge technology, patent, hot applications and market trends of Catering Services.
Regionally, the report analyzes the Catering Services markets in key regions. North America and Europe are experiencing steady growth, driven by government initiatives and increasing consumer awareness. Asia-Pacific, particularly China, leads the global Catering Services market, with robust domestic demand, supportive policies, and a strong manufacturing base.
Key Features:
The report presents comprehensive understanding of the Catering Services market. It provides a holistic view of the industry, as well as detailed insights into individual components and stakeholders. The report analysis market dynamics, trends, challenges, and opportunities within the Catering Services industry.
The report involves analyzing the market at a macro level:
Market Sizing and Segmentation: Report collect data on the overall market size, including the revenue generated, and market share of different by Type (e.g., In-Flight Food Services, In-Flight Beverage Services).
Industry Analysis: Report analyse the broader industry trends, such as government policies and regulations, technological advancements, consumer preferences, and market dynamics. This analysis helps in understanding the key drivers and challenges influencing the Catering Services market.
Regional Analysis: The report involves examining the Catering Services market at a regional or national level. Report analyses regional factors such as government incentives, infrastructure development, economic conditions, and consumer behaviour to identify variations and opportunities within different markets.
Market Projections: Report covers the gathered data and analysis to make future projections and forecasts for the Catering Services market. This may include estimating market growth rates, predicting market demand, and identifying emerging trends.
The report also involves a more granular approach to Catering Services:
Company Analysis: Report covers individual Catering Services players, suppliers, and other relevant industry players. This analysis includes studying their financial performance, market positioning, product portfolios, partnerships, and strategies.
Consumer Analysis: Report covers data on consumer behaviour, preferences, and attitudes towards Catering Services This may involve surveys, interviews, and analysis of consumer reviews and feedback from different by Application (Economy Class, Business Class).
Technology Analysis: Report covers specific technologies relevant to Catering Services. It assesses the current state, advancements, and potential future developments in Catering Services areas.
Competitive Landscape: By analyzing individual companies, suppliers, and consumers, the report present insights into the competitive landscape of the Catering Services market. This analysis helps understand market share, competitive advantages, and potential areas for differentiation among industry players.
Market Validation: The report involves validating findings and projections through primary research, such as surveys, interviews, and focus groups.
Market Segmentation
Catering Services market is split by Type and by Application. For the period 2019-2030, the growth among segments provides accurate calculations and forecasts for consumption value by Type, and by Application in terms of value.
Market segment by Type
- In-Flight Food Services
- In-Flight Beverage Services
- Economy Class
- Business Class
- First Class
- Others
- Do & Co
- Emirates Flight Catering
- gategroup
- LSG Lufthansa Service Holding
- Newrest
- SATS
- North America (United States, Canada, and Mexico)
- Europe (Germany, France, UK, Russia, Italy, and Rest of Europe)
- Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, South Korea, India, Southeast Asia, Australia and Rest of Asia-Pacific)
- South America (Brazil, Argentina and Rest of South America)
- Middle East & Africa (Turkey, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Rest of Middle East & Africa)
Chapter 1, to describe Catering Services product scope, market overview, market estimation caveats and base year.
Chapter 2, to profile the top players of Catering Services, with revenue, gross margin and global market share of Catering Services from 2019 to 2024.
Chapter 3, the Catering Services competitive situation, revenue and global market share of top players are analyzed emphatically by landscape contrast.
Chapter 4 and 5, to segment the market size by Type and application, with consumption value and growth rate by Type, application, from 2019 to 2030.
Chapter 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, to break the market size data at the country level, with revenue and market share for key countries in the world, from 2019 to 2024.and Catering Services market forecast, by regions, type and application, with consumption value, from 2025 to 2030.
Chapter 11, market dynamics, drivers, restraints, trends and Porters Five Forces analysis.
Chapter 12, the key raw materials and key suppliers, and industry chain of Catering Services.
Chapter 13, to describe Catering Services research findings and conclusion.
1 MARKET OVERVIEW
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Catering Services
1.2 Market Estimation Caveats and Base Year
1.3 Classification of Catering Services by Type
1.3.1 Overview: Global Catering Services Market Size by Type: 2019 Versus 2023 Versus 2030
1.3.2 Global Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Type in 2023
1.3.3 In-Flight Food Services
1.3.4 In-Flight Beverage Services
1.4 Global Catering Services Market by Application
1.4.1 Overview: Global Catering Services Market Size by Application: 2019 Versus 2023 Versus 2030
1.4.2 Economy Class
1.4.3 Business Class
1.4.4 First Class
1.4.5 Others
1.5 Global Catering Services Market Size & Forecast
1.6 Global Catering Services Market Size and Forecast by Region
1.6.1 Global Catering Services Market Size by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
1.6.2 Global Catering Services Market Size by Region, (2019-2030)
1.6.3 North America Catering Services Market Size and Prospect (2019-2030)
1.6.4 Europe Catering Services Market Size and Prospect (2019-2030)
1.6.5 Asia-Pacific Catering Services Market Size and Prospect (2019-2030)
1.6.6 South America Catering Services Market Size and Prospect (2019-2030)
1.6.7 Middle East and Africa Catering Services Market Size and Prospect (2019-2030)
2 COMPANY PROFILES
2.1 Do & Co
2.1.1 Do & Co Details
2.1.2 Do & Co Major Business
2.1.3 Do & Co Catering Services Product and Solutions
2.1.4 Do & Co Catering Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
2.1.5 Do & Co Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.2 Emirates Flight Catering
2.2.1 Emirates Flight Catering Details
2.2.2 Emirates Flight Catering Major Business
2.2.3 Emirates Flight Catering Catering Services Product and Solutions
2.2.4 Emirates Flight Catering Catering Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
2.2.5 Emirates Flight Catering Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.3 gategroup
2.3.1 gategroup Details
2.3.2 gategroup Major Business
2.3.3 gategroup Catering Services Product and Solutions
2.3.4 gategroup Catering Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
2.3.5 gategroup Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.4 LSG Lufthansa Service Holding
2.4.1 LSG Lufthansa Service Holding Details
2.4.2 LSG Lufthansa Service Holding Major Business
2.4.3 LSG Lufthansa Service Holding Catering Services Product and Solutions
2.4.4 LSG Lufthansa Service Holding Catering Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
2.4.5 LSG Lufthansa Service Holding Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.5 Newrest
2.5.1 Newrest Details
2.5.2 Newrest Major Business
2.5.3 Newrest Catering Services Product and Solutions
2.5.4 Newrest Catering Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
2.5.5 Newrest Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.6 SATS
2.6.1 SATS Details
2.6.2 SATS Major Business
2.6.3 SATS Catering Services Product and Solutions
2.6.4 SATS Catering Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
2.6.5 SATS Recent Developments and Future Plans
3 MARKET COMPETITION, BY PLAYERS
3.1 Global Catering Services Revenue and Share by Players (2019-2024)
3.2 Market Share Analysis (2023)
3.2.1 Market Share of Catering Services by Company Revenue
3.2.2 Top 3 Catering Services Players Market Share in 2023
3.2.3 Top 6 Catering Services Players Market Share in 2023
3.3 Catering Services Market: Overall Company Footprint Analysis
3.3.1 Catering Services Market: Region Footprint
3.3.2 Catering Services Market: Company Product Type Footprint
3.3.3 Catering Services Market: Company Product Application Footprint
3.4 New Market Entrants and Barriers to Market Entry
3.5 Mergers, Acquisition, Agreements, and Collaborations
4 MARKET SIZE SEGMENT BY TYPE
4.1 Global Catering Services Consumption Value and Market Share by Type (2019-2024)
4.2 Global Catering Services Market Forecast by Type (2025-2030)
5 MARKET SIZE SEGMENT BY APPLICATION
5.1 Global Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
5.2 Global Catering Services Market Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
6 NORTH AMERICA
6.1 North America Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2019-2030)
6.2 North America Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2030)
6.3 North America Catering Services Market Size by Country
6.3.1 North America Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2019-2030)
6.3.2 United States Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
6.3.3 Canada Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
6.3.4 Mexico Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
7 EUROPE
7.1 Europe Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2019-2030)
7.2 Europe Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2030)
7.3 Europe Catering Services Market Size by Country
7.3.1 Europe Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2019-2030)
7.3.2 Germany Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
7.3.3 France Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
7.3.4 United Kingdom Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
7.3.5 Russia Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
7.3.6 Italy Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
8 ASIA-PACIFIC
8.1 Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2019-2030)
8.2 Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2030)
8.3 Asia-Pacific Catering Services Market Size by Region
8.3.1 Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value by Region (2019-2030)
8.3.2 China Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
8.3.3 Japan Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
8.3.4 South Korea Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
8.3.5 India Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
8.3.6 Southeast Asia Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
8.3.7 Australia Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
9 SOUTH AMERICA
9.1 South America Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2019-2030)
9.2 South America Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2030)
9.3 South America Catering Services Market Size by Country
9.3.1 South America Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2019-2030)
9.3.2 Brazil Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
9.3.3 Argentina Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
10 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA
10.1 Middle East & Africa Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2019-2030)
10.2 Middle East & Africa Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2030)
10.3 Middle East & Africa Catering Services Market Size by Country
10.3.1 Middle East & Africa Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2019-2030)
10.3.2 Turkey Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
10.3.3 Saudi Arabia Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
10.3.4 UAE Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
11 MARKET DYNAMICS
11.1 Catering Services Market Drivers
11.2 Catering Services Market Restraints
11.3 Catering Services Trends Analysis
11.4 Porters Five Forces Analysis
11.4.1 Threat of New Entrants
11.4.2 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
11.4.3 Bargaining Power of Buyers
11.4.4 Threat of Substitutes
11.4.5 Competitive Rivalry
12 INDUSTRY CHAIN ANALYSIS
12.1 Catering Services Industry Chain
12.2 Catering Services Upstream Analysis
12.3 Catering Services Midstream Analysis
12.4 Catering Services Downstream Analysis
13 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION
14 APPENDIX
14.1 Methodology
14.2 Research Process and Data Source
14.3 Disclaimer
1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Catering Services
1.2 Market Estimation Caveats and Base Year
1.3 Classification of Catering Services by Type
1.3.1 Overview: Global Catering Services Market Size by Type: 2019 Versus 2023 Versus 2030
1.3.2 Global Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Type in 2023
1.3.3 In-Flight Food Services
1.3.4 In-Flight Beverage Services
1.4 Global Catering Services Market by Application
1.4.1 Overview: Global Catering Services Market Size by Application: 2019 Versus 2023 Versus 2030
1.4.2 Economy Class
1.4.3 Business Class
1.4.4 First Class
1.4.5 Others
1.5 Global Catering Services Market Size & Forecast
1.6 Global Catering Services Market Size and Forecast by Region
1.6.1 Global Catering Services Market Size by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
1.6.2 Global Catering Services Market Size by Region, (2019-2030)
1.6.3 North America Catering Services Market Size and Prospect (2019-2030)
1.6.4 Europe Catering Services Market Size and Prospect (2019-2030)
1.6.5 Asia-Pacific Catering Services Market Size and Prospect (2019-2030)
1.6.6 South America Catering Services Market Size and Prospect (2019-2030)
1.6.7 Middle East and Africa Catering Services Market Size and Prospect (2019-2030)
2 COMPANY PROFILES
2.1 Do & Co
2.1.1 Do & Co Details
2.1.2 Do & Co Major Business
2.1.3 Do & Co Catering Services Product and Solutions
2.1.4 Do & Co Catering Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
2.1.5 Do & Co Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.2 Emirates Flight Catering
2.2.1 Emirates Flight Catering Details
2.2.2 Emirates Flight Catering Major Business
2.2.3 Emirates Flight Catering Catering Services Product and Solutions
2.2.4 Emirates Flight Catering Catering Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
2.2.5 Emirates Flight Catering Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.3 gategroup
2.3.1 gategroup Details
2.3.2 gategroup Major Business
2.3.3 gategroup Catering Services Product and Solutions
2.3.4 gategroup Catering Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
2.3.5 gategroup Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.4 LSG Lufthansa Service Holding
2.4.1 LSG Lufthansa Service Holding Details
2.4.2 LSG Lufthansa Service Holding Major Business
2.4.3 LSG Lufthansa Service Holding Catering Services Product and Solutions
2.4.4 LSG Lufthansa Service Holding Catering Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
2.4.5 LSG Lufthansa Service Holding Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.5 Newrest
2.5.1 Newrest Details
2.5.2 Newrest Major Business
2.5.3 Newrest Catering Services Product and Solutions
2.5.4 Newrest Catering Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
2.5.5 Newrest Recent Developments and Future Plans
2.6 SATS
2.6.1 SATS Details
2.6.2 SATS Major Business
2.6.3 SATS Catering Services Product and Solutions
2.6.4 SATS Catering Services Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
2.6.5 SATS Recent Developments and Future Plans
3 MARKET COMPETITION, BY PLAYERS
3.1 Global Catering Services Revenue and Share by Players (2019-2024)
3.2 Market Share Analysis (2023)
3.2.1 Market Share of Catering Services by Company Revenue
3.2.2 Top 3 Catering Services Players Market Share in 2023
3.2.3 Top 6 Catering Services Players Market Share in 2023
3.3 Catering Services Market: Overall Company Footprint Analysis
3.3.1 Catering Services Market: Region Footprint
3.3.2 Catering Services Market: Company Product Type Footprint
3.3.3 Catering Services Market: Company Product Application Footprint
3.4 New Market Entrants and Barriers to Market Entry
3.5 Mergers, Acquisition, Agreements, and Collaborations
4 MARKET SIZE SEGMENT BY TYPE
4.1 Global Catering Services Consumption Value and Market Share by Type (2019-2024)
4.2 Global Catering Services Market Forecast by Type (2025-2030)
5 MARKET SIZE SEGMENT BY APPLICATION
5.1 Global Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
5.2 Global Catering Services Market Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
6 NORTH AMERICA
6.1 North America Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2019-2030)
6.2 North America Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2030)
6.3 North America Catering Services Market Size by Country
6.3.1 North America Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2019-2030)
6.3.2 United States Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
6.3.3 Canada Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
6.3.4 Mexico Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
7 EUROPE
7.1 Europe Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2019-2030)
7.2 Europe Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2030)
7.3 Europe Catering Services Market Size by Country
7.3.1 Europe Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2019-2030)
7.3.2 Germany Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
7.3.3 France Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
7.3.4 United Kingdom Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
7.3.5 Russia Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
7.3.6 Italy Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
8 ASIA-PACIFIC
8.1 Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2019-2030)
8.2 Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2030)
8.3 Asia-Pacific Catering Services Market Size by Region
8.3.1 Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value by Region (2019-2030)
8.3.2 China Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
8.3.3 Japan Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
8.3.4 South Korea Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
8.3.5 India Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
8.3.6 Southeast Asia Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
8.3.7 Australia Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
9 SOUTH AMERICA
9.1 South America Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2019-2030)
9.2 South America Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2030)
9.3 South America Catering Services Market Size by Country
9.3.1 South America Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2019-2030)
9.3.2 Brazil Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
9.3.3 Argentina Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
10 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA
10.1 Middle East & Africa Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2019-2030)
10.2 Middle East & Africa Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2030)
10.3 Middle East & Africa Catering Services Market Size by Country
10.3.1 Middle East & Africa Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2019-2030)
10.3.2 Turkey Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
10.3.3 Saudi Arabia Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
10.3.4 UAE Catering Services Market Size and Forecast (2019-2030)
11 MARKET DYNAMICS
11.1 Catering Services Market Drivers
11.2 Catering Services Market Restraints
11.3 Catering Services Trends Analysis
11.4 Porters Five Forces Analysis
11.4.1 Threat of New Entrants
11.4.2 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
11.4.3 Bargaining Power of Buyers
11.4.4 Threat of Substitutes
11.4.5 Competitive Rivalry
12 INDUSTRY CHAIN ANALYSIS
12.1 Catering Services Industry Chain
12.2 Catering Services Upstream Analysis
12.3 Catering Services Midstream Analysis
12.4 Catering Services Downstream Analysis
13 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION
14 APPENDIX
14.1 Methodology
14.2 Research Process and Data Source
14.3 Disclaimer
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Global Catering Services Consumption Value by Type, (USD Million), 2019 & 2023 & 2030
Table 2. Global Catering Services Consumption Value by Application, (USD Million), 2019 & 2023 & 2030
Table 3. Global Catering Services Consumption Value by Region (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 4. Global Catering Services Consumption Value by Region (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 5. Do & Co Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 6. Do & Co Major Business
Table 7. Do & Co Catering Services Product and Solutions
Table 8. Do & Co Catering Services Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
Table 9. Do & Co Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 10. Emirates Flight Catering Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 11. Emirates Flight Catering Major Business
Table 12. Emirates Flight Catering Catering Services Product and Solutions
Table 13. Emirates Flight Catering Catering Services Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
Table 14. Emirates Flight Catering Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 15. gategroup Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 16. gategroup Major Business
Table 17. gategroup Catering Services Product and Solutions
Table 18. gategroup Catering Services Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
Table 19. gategroup Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 20. LSG Lufthansa Service Holding Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 21. LSG Lufthansa Service Holding Major Business
Table 22. LSG Lufthansa Service Holding Catering Services Product and Solutions
Table 23. LSG Lufthansa Service Holding Catering Services Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
Table 24. LSG Lufthansa Service Holding Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 25. Newrest Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 26. Newrest Major Business
Table 27. Newrest Catering Services Product and Solutions
Table 28. Newrest Catering Services Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
Table 29. Newrest Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 30. SATS Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 31. SATS Major Business
Table 32. SATS Catering Services Product and Solutions
Table 33. SATS Catering Services Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
Table 34. SATS Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 35. Global Catering Services Revenue (USD Million) by Players (2019-2024)
Table 36. Global Catering Services Revenue Share by Players (2019-2024)
Table 37. Breakdown of Catering Services by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
Table 38. Market Position of Players in Catering Services, (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3), Based on Revenue in 2023
Table 39. Head Office of Key Catering Services Players
Table 40. Catering Services Market: Company Product Type Footprint
Table 41. Catering Services Market: Company Product Application Footprint
Table 42. Catering Services New Market Entrants and Barriers to Market Entry
Table 43. Catering Services Mergers, Acquisition, Agreements, and Collaborations
Table 44. Global Catering Services Consumption Value (USD Million) by Type (2019-2024)
Table 45. Global Catering Services Consumption Value Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table 46. Global Catering Services Consumption Value Forecast by Type (2025-2030)
Table 47. Global Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2024)
Table 48. Global Catering Services Consumption Value Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
Table 49. North America Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 50. North America Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 51. North America Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 52. North America Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 53. North America Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 54. North America Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 55. Europe Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 56. Europe Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 57. Europe Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 58. Europe Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 59. Europe Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 60. Europe Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 61. Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 62. Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 63. Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 64. Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 65. Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value by Region (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 66. Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value by Region (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 67. South America Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 68. South America Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 69. South America Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 70. South America Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 71. South America Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 72. South America Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 73. Middle East & Africa Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 74. Middle East & Africa Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 75. Middle East & Africa Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 76. Middle East & Africa Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 77. Middle East & Africa Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 78. Middle East & Africa Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 79. Catering Services Raw Material
Table 80. Key Suppliers of Catering Services Raw Materials
Table 1. Global Catering Services Consumption Value by Type, (USD Million), 2019 & 2023 & 2030
Table 2. Global Catering Services Consumption Value by Application, (USD Million), 2019 & 2023 & 2030
Table 3. Global Catering Services Consumption Value by Region (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 4. Global Catering Services Consumption Value by Region (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 5. Do & Co Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 6. Do & Co Major Business
Table 7. Do & Co Catering Services Product and Solutions
Table 8. Do & Co Catering Services Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
Table 9. Do & Co Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 10. Emirates Flight Catering Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 11. Emirates Flight Catering Major Business
Table 12. Emirates Flight Catering Catering Services Product and Solutions
Table 13. Emirates Flight Catering Catering Services Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
Table 14. Emirates Flight Catering Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 15. gategroup Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 16. gategroup Major Business
Table 17. gategroup Catering Services Product and Solutions
Table 18. gategroup Catering Services Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
Table 19. gategroup Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 20. LSG Lufthansa Service Holding Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 21. LSG Lufthansa Service Holding Major Business
Table 22. LSG Lufthansa Service Holding Catering Services Product and Solutions
Table 23. LSG Lufthansa Service Holding Catering Services Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
Table 24. LSG Lufthansa Service Holding Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 25. Newrest Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 26. Newrest Major Business
Table 27. Newrest Catering Services Product and Solutions
Table 28. Newrest Catering Services Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
Table 29. Newrest Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 30. SATS Company Information, Head Office, and Major Competitors
Table 31. SATS Major Business
Table 32. SATS Catering Services Product and Solutions
Table 33. SATS Catering Services Revenue (USD Million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2019-2024)
Table 34. SATS Recent Developments and Future Plans
Table 35. Global Catering Services Revenue (USD Million) by Players (2019-2024)
Table 36. Global Catering Services Revenue Share by Players (2019-2024)
Table 37. Breakdown of Catering Services by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
Table 38. Market Position of Players in Catering Services, (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3), Based on Revenue in 2023
Table 39. Head Office of Key Catering Services Players
Table 40. Catering Services Market: Company Product Type Footprint
Table 41. Catering Services Market: Company Product Application Footprint
Table 42. Catering Services New Market Entrants and Barriers to Market Entry
Table 43. Catering Services Mergers, Acquisition, Agreements, and Collaborations
Table 44. Global Catering Services Consumption Value (USD Million) by Type (2019-2024)
Table 45. Global Catering Services Consumption Value Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table 46. Global Catering Services Consumption Value Forecast by Type (2025-2030)
Table 47. Global Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2024)
Table 48. Global Catering Services Consumption Value Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
Table 49. North America Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 50. North America Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 51. North America Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 52. North America Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 53. North America Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 54. North America Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 55. Europe Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 56. Europe Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 57. Europe Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 58. Europe Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 59. Europe Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 60. Europe Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 61. Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 62. Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 63. Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 64. Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 65. Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value by Region (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 66. Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value by Region (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 67. South America Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 68. South America Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 69. South America Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 70. South America Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 71. South America Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 72. South America Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 73. Middle East & Africa Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 74. Middle East & Africa Catering Services Consumption Value by Type (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 75. Middle East & Africa Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 76. Middle East & Africa Catering Services Consumption Value by Application (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 77. Middle East & Africa Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2019-2024) & (USD Million)
Table 78. Middle East & Africa Catering Services Consumption Value by Country (2025-2030) & (USD Million)
Table 79. Catering Services Raw Material
Table 80. Key Suppliers of Catering Services Raw Materials
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Catering Services Picture
Figure 2. Global Catering Services Consumption Value by Type, (USD Million), 2019 & 2023 & 2030
Figure 3. Global Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Type in 2023
Figure 4. In-Flight Food Services
Figure 5. In-Flight Beverage Services
Figure 6. Global Catering Services Consumption Value by Type, (USD Million), 2019 & 2023 & 2030
Figure 7. Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Application in 2023
Figure 8. Economy Class Picture
Figure 9. Business Class Picture
Figure 10. First Class Picture
Figure 11. Others Picture
Figure 12. Global Catering Services Consumption Value, (USD Million): 2019 & 2023 & 2030
Figure 13. Global Catering Services Consumption Value and Forecast (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 14. Global Market Catering Services Consumption Value (USD Million) Comparison by Region (2019 & 2023 & 2030)
Figure 15. Global Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure 16. Global Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Region in 2023
Figure 17. North America Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 18. Europe Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 19. Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 20. South America Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 21. Middle East and Africa Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 22. Global Catering Services Revenue Share by Players in 2023
Figure 23. Catering Services Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) in 2023
Figure 24. Global Top 3 Players Catering Services Market Share in 2023
Figure 25. Global Top 6 Players Catering Services Market Share in 2023
Figure 26. Global Catering Services Consumption Value Share by Type (2019-2024)
Figure 27. Global Catering Services Market Share Forecast by Type (2025-2030)
Figure 28. Global Catering Services Consumption Value Share by Application (2019-2024)
Figure 29. Global Catering Services Market Share Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
Figure 30. North America Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 31. North America Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 32. North America Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 33. United States Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 34. Canada Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 35. Mexico Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 36. Europe Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 37. Europe Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 38. Europe Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 39. Germany Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 40. France Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 41. United Kingdom Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 42. Russia Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 43. Italy Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 44. Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 45. Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 46. Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure 47. China Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 48. Japan Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 49. South Korea Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 50. India Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 51. Southeast Asia Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 52. Australia Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 53. South America Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 54. South America Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 55. South America Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 56. Brazil Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 57. Argentina Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 58. Middle East and Africa Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 59. Middle East and Africa Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 60. Middle East and Africa Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 61. Turkey Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 62. Saudi Arabia Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 63. UAE Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 64. Catering Services Market Drivers
Figure 65. Catering Services Market Restraints
Figure 66. Catering Services Market Trends
Figure 67. Porters Five Forces Analysis
Figure 68. Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Catering Services in 2023
Figure 69. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Catering Services
Figure 70. Catering Services Industrial Chain
Figure 71. Methodology
Figure 72. Research Process and Data Source
Figure 1. Catering Services Picture
Figure 2. Global Catering Services Consumption Value by Type, (USD Million), 2019 & 2023 & 2030
Figure 3. Global Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Type in 2023
Figure 4. In-Flight Food Services
Figure 5. In-Flight Beverage Services
Figure 6. Global Catering Services Consumption Value by Type, (USD Million), 2019 & 2023 & 2030
Figure 7. Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Application in 2023
Figure 8. Economy Class Picture
Figure 9. Business Class Picture
Figure 10. First Class Picture
Figure 11. Others Picture
Figure 12. Global Catering Services Consumption Value, (USD Million): 2019 & 2023 & 2030
Figure 13. Global Catering Services Consumption Value and Forecast (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 14. Global Market Catering Services Consumption Value (USD Million) Comparison by Region (2019 & 2023 & 2030)
Figure 15. Global Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure 16. Global Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Region in 2023
Figure 17. North America Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 18. Europe Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 19. Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 20. South America Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 21. Middle East and Africa Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 22. Global Catering Services Revenue Share by Players in 2023
Figure 23. Catering Services Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) in 2023
Figure 24. Global Top 3 Players Catering Services Market Share in 2023
Figure 25. Global Top 6 Players Catering Services Market Share in 2023
Figure 26. Global Catering Services Consumption Value Share by Type (2019-2024)
Figure 27. Global Catering Services Market Share Forecast by Type (2025-2030)
Figure 28. Global Catering Services Consumption Value Share by Application (2019-2024)
Figure 29. Global Catering Services Market Share Forecast by Application (2025-2030)
Figure 30. North America Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 31. North America Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 32. North America Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 33. United States Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 34. Canada Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 35. Mexico Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 36. Europe Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 37. Europe Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 38. Europe Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 39. Germany Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 40. France Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 41. United Kingdom Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 42. Russia Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 43. Italy Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 44. Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 45. Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 46. Asia-Pacific Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure 47. China Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 48. Japan Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 49. South Korea Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 50. India Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 51. Southeast Asia Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 52. Australia Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 53. South America Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 54. South America Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 55. South America Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 56. Brazil Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 57. Argentina Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 58. Middle East and Africa Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 59. Middle East and Africa Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 60. Middle East and Africa Catering Services Consumption Value Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 61. Turkey Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 62. Saudi Arabia Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 63. UAE Catering Services Consumption Value (2019-2030) & (USD Million)
Figure 64. Catering Services Market Drivers
Figure 65. Catering Services Market Restraints
Figure 66. Catering Services Market Trends
Figure 67. Porters Five Forces Analysis
Figure 68. Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Catering Services in 2023
Figure 69. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Catering Services
Figure 70. Catering Services Industrial Chain
Figure 71. Methodology
Figure 72. Research Process and Data Source
