Global At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Growth (Status and Outlook) 2025-2031

February 2025 | 94 pages | ID: GB454A73741FEN
LP Information

Contents

1 SCOPE OF THE REPORT

1.1 Market Introduction
1.2 Years Considered
1.3 Research Objectives
1.4 Market Research Methodology
1.5 Research Process and Data Source
1.6 Economic Indicators
1.7 Currency Considered
1.8 Market Estimation Caveats

2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

2.1 World Market Overview
  2.1.1 Global At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size (2020-2031)
  2.1.2 At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size CAGR by Region (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
  2.1.3 World Current & Future Analysis for At-Home Diagnostic Testing by Country/Region (2020, 2024 & 2031)
2.2 At-Home Diagnostic Testing Segment by Type
  2.2.1 Antigen Testing
  2.2.2 Molecular Testing
2.3 At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size by Type
  2.3.1 At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size CAGR by Type (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
  2.3.2 Global At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size Market Share by Type (2020-2025)
2.4 At-Home Diagnostic Testing Segment by Application
  2.4.1 Cancer Testing
  2.4.2 Infectious Diseases
  2.4.3 Sexual Health
  2.4.4 Others
2.5 At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size by Application
  2.5.1 At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size CAGR by Application (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031)
  2.5.2 Global At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size Market Share by Application (2020-2025)

3 AT-HOME DIAGNOSTIC TESTING MARKET SIZE BY PLAYER

3.1 At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size Market Share by Player
  3.1.1 Global At-Home Diagnostic Testing Revenue by Player (2020-2025)
  3.1.2 Global At-Home Diagnostic Testing Revenue Market Share by Player (2020-2025)
3.2 Global At-Home Diagnostic Testing Key Players Head office and Products Offered
3.3 Market Concentration Rate Analysis
  3.3.1 Competition Landscape Analysis
  3.3.2 Concentration Ratio (CR3, CR5 and CR10) & (2023-2025)
3.4 New Products and Potential Entrants
3.5 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

4 AT-HOME DIAGNOSTIC TESTING BY REGION

4.1 At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size by Region (2020-2025)
4.2 Global At-Home Diagnostic Testing Annual Revenue by Country/Region (2020-2025)
4.3 Americas At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size Growth (2020-2025)
4.4 APAC At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size Growth (2020-2025)
4.5 Europe At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size Growth (2020-2025)
4.6 Middle East & Africa At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size Growth (2020-2025)

5 AMERICAS

5.1 Americas At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size by Country (2020-2025)
5.2 Americas At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size by Type (2020-2025)
5.3 Americas At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size by Application (2020-2025)
5.4 United States
5.5 Canada
5.6 Mexico
5.7 Brazil

6 APAC

6.1 APAC At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size by Region (2020-2025)
6.2 APAC At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size by Type (2020-2025)
6.3 APAC At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size by Application (2020-2025)
6.4 China
6.5 Japan
6.6 South Korea
6.7 Southeast Asia
6.8 India
6.9 Australia

7 EUROPE

7.1 Europe At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size by Country (2020-2025)
7.2 Europe At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size by Type (2020-2025)
7.3 Europe At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size by Application (2020-2025)
7.4 Germany
7.5 France
7.6 UK
7.7 Italy
7.8 Russia

8 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA

8.1 Middle East & Africa At-Home Diagnostic Testing by Region (2020-2025)
8.2 Middle East & Africa At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size by Type (2020-2025)
8.3 Middle East & Africa At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Size by Application (2020-2025)
8.4 Egypt
8.5 South Africa
8.6 Israel
8.7 Turkey
8.8 GCC Countries

9 MARKET DRIVERS, CHALLENGES AND TRENDS

9.1 Market Drivers & Growth Opportunities
9.2 Market Challenges & Risks
9.3 Industry Trends

10 GLOBAL AT-HOME DIAGNOSTIC TESTING MARKET FORECAST

10.1 Global At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
  10.1.1 Global At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
  10.1.2 Americas At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
  10.1.3 APAC At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
  10.1.4 Europe At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
  10.1.5 Middle East & Africa At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
10.2 Americas At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast by Country (2026-2031)
  10.2.1 United States Market At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
  10.2.2 Canada Market At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
  10.2.3 Mexico Market At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
  10.2.4 Brazil Market At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
10.3 APAC At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
  10.3.1 China At-Home Diagnostic Testing Market Forecast
  10.3.2 Japan Market At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
  10.3.3 Korea Market At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
  10.3.4 Southeast Asia Market At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
  10.3.5 India Market At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
  10.3.6 Australia Market At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
10.4 Europe At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast by Country (2026-2031)
  10.4.1 Germany Market At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
  10.4.2 France Market At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
  10.4.3 UK Market At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
  10.4.4 Italy Market At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
  10.4.5 Russia Market At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
10.5 Middle East & Africa At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
  10.5.1 Egypt Market At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
  10.5.2 South Africa Market At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
  10.5.3 Israel Market At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
  10.5.4 Turkey Market At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast
10.6 Global At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast by Type (2026-2031)
10.7 Global At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast by Application (2026-2031)
  10.7.1 GCC Countries Market At-Home Diagnostic Testing Forecast

11 KEY PLAYERS ANALYSIS

11.1 Everlywell
  11.1.1 Everlywell Company Information
  11.1.2 Everlywell At-Home Diagnostic Testing Product Offered
  11.1.3 Everlywell At-Home Diagnostic Testing Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2025)
  11.1.4 Everlywell Main Business Overview
  11.1.5 Everlywell Latest Developments
11.2 Modern Fertility
  11.2.1 Modern Fertility Company Information
  11.2.2 Modern Fertility At-Home Diagnostic Testing Product Offered
  11.2.3 Modern Fertility At-Home Diagnostic Testing Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2025)
  11.2.4 Modern Fertility Main Business Overview
  11.2.5 Modern Fertility Latest Developments
11.3 23andMe
  11.3.1 23andMe Company Information
  11.3.2 23andMe At-Home Diagnostic Testing Product Offered
  11.3.3 23andMe At-Home Diagnostic Testing Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2025)
  11.3.4 23andMe Main Business Overview
  11.3.5 23andMe Latest Developments
11.4 Cue Health
  11.4.1 Cue Health Company Information
  11.4.2 Cue Health At-Home Diagnostic Testing Product Offered
  11.4.3 Cue Health At-Home Diagnostic Testing Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2025)
  11.4.4 Cue Health Main Business Overview
  11.4.5 Cue Health Latest Developments
11.5 LetsGetChecked
  11.5.1 LetsGetChecked Company Information
  11.5.2 LetsGetChecked At-Home Diagnostic Testing Product Offered
  11.5.3 LetsGetChecked At-Home Diagnostic Testing Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2025)
  11.5.4 LetsGetChecked Main Business Overview
  11.5.5 LetsGetChecked Latest Developments
11.6 ixlayer
  11.6.1 ixlayer Company Information
  11.6.2 ixlayer At-Home Diagnostic Testing Product Offered
  11.6.3 ixlayer At-Home Diagnostic Testing Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2025)
  11.6.4 ixlayer Main Business Overview
  11.6.5 ixlayer Latest Developments
11.7 Pixel by LabCorp
  11.7.1 Pixel by LabCorp Company Information
  11.7.2 Pixel by LabCorp At-Home Diagnostic Testing Product Offered
  11.7.3 Pixel by LabCorp At-Home Diagnostic Testing Revenue, Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2025)
  11.7.4 Pixel by LabCorp Main Business Overview
  11.7.5 Pixel by LabCorp Latest Developments

12 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size CAGR by Region (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031) & ($ millions)
Table 2. At-Home DiagnosticTesting Annual Sales CAGR by Country/Region (2020, 2024 & 2031) & ($ millions)
Table 3. Major Players of AntigenTesting
Table 4. Major Players of MolecularTesting
Table 5. At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size CAGR byType (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031) & ($ millions)
Table 6. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size byType (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Table 7. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market Share byType (2020-2025)
Table 8. At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size CAGR by Application (2020 VS 2024 VS 2031) & ($ millions)
Table 9. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size by Application (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Table 10. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market Share by Application (2020-2025)
Table 11. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Revenue by Player (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Table 12. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Revenue Market Share by Player (2020-2025)
Table 13. At-Home DiagnosticTesting Key Players Head office and Products Offered
Table 14. At-Home DiagnosticTesting Concentration Ratio (CR3, CR5 and CR10) & (2023-2025)
Table 15. New Products and Potential Entrants
Table 16. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
Table 17. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size by Region (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Table 18. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
Table 19. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Revenue by Country/Region (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Table 20. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Revenue Market Share by Country/Region (2020-2025)
Table 21. Americas At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size by Country (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Table 22. Americas At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market Share by Country (2020-2025)
Table 23. Americas At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size byType (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Table 24. Americas At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market Share byType (2020-2025)
Table 25. Americas At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size by Application (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Table 26. Americas At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market Share by Application (2020-2025)
Table 27. APAC At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size by Region (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Table 28. APAC At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
Table 29. APAC At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size byType (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Table 30. APAC At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size by Application (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Table 31. Europe At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size by Country (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Table 32. Europe At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market Share by Country (2020-2025)
Table 33. Europe At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size byType (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Table 34. Europe At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size by Application (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Table 35. Middle East & Africa At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size by Region (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Table 36. Middle East & Africa At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size byType (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Table 37. Middle East & Africa At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size by Application (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Table 38. Key Market Drivers & Growth Opportunities of At-Home DiagnosticTesting
Table 39. Key Market Challenges & Risks of At-Home DiagnosticTesting
Table 40. Key IndustryTrends of At-Home DiagnosticTesting
Table 41. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market SizeForecast by Region (2026-2031) & ($ millions)
Table 42. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market ShareForecast by Region (2026-2031)
Table 43. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market SizeForecast byType (2026-2031) & ($ millions)
Table 44. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market SizeForecast by Application (2026-2031) & ($ millions)
Table 45. Everlywell Details, CompanyType, At-Home DiagnosticTesting Area Served and Its Competitors
Table 46. Everlywell At-Home DiagnosticTesting Product Offered
Table 47. Everlywell At-Home DiagnosticTesting Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2025)
Table 48. Everlywell Main Business
Table 49. Everlywell Latest Developments
Table 50. ModernFertility Details, CompanyType, At-Home DiagnosticTesting Area Served and Its Competitors
Table 51. ModernFertility At-Home DiagnosticTesting Product Offered
Table 52. ModernFertility At-Home DiagnosticTesting Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2025)
Table 53. ModernFertility Main Business
Table 54. ModernFertility Latest Developments
Table 55. 23andMe Details, CompanyType, At-Home DiagnosticTesting Area Served and Its Competitors
Table 56. 23andMe At-Home DiagnosticTesting Product Offered
Table 57. 23andMe At-Home DiagnosticTesting Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2025)
Table 58. 23andMe Main Business
Table 59. 23andMe Latest Developments
Table 60. Cue Health Details, CompanyType, At-Home DiagnosticTesting Area Served and Its Competitors
Table 61. Cue Health At-Home DiagnosticTesting Product Offered
Table 62. Cue Health At-Home DiagnosticTesting Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2025)
Table 63. Cue Health Main Business
Table 64. Cue Health Latest Developments
Table 65. LetsGetChecked Details, CompanyType, At-Home DiagnosticTesting Area Served and Its Competitors
Table 66. LetsGetChecked At-Home DiagnosticTesting Product Offered
Table 67. LetsGetChecked At-Home DiagnosticTesting Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2025)
Table 68. LetsGetChecked Main Business
Table 69. LetsGetChecked Latest Developments
Table 70. ixlayer Details, CompanyType, At-Home DiagnosticTesting Area Served and Its Competitors
Table 71. ixlayer At-Home DiagnosticTesting Product Offered
Table 72. ixlayer At-Home DiagnosticTesting Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2025)
Table 73. ixlayer Main Business
Table 74. ixlayer Latest Developments
Table 75. Pixel by LabCorp Details, CompanyType, At-Home DiagnosticTesting Area Served and Its Competitors
Table 76. Pixel by LabCorp At-Home DiagnosticTesting Product Offered
Table 77. Pixel by LabCorp At-Home DiagnosticTesting Revenue ($ million), Gross Margin and Market Share (2020-2025)
Table 78. Pixel by LabCorp Main Business
Table 79. Pixel by LabCorp Latest Developments

List Of Figures

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. At-Home DiagnosticTesting Report Years Considered
Figure 2. Research Objectives
Figure 3. Research Methodology
Figure 4. Research Process and Data Source
Figure 5. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth Rate (2020-2031) ($ millions)
Figure 6. At-Home DiagnosticTesting Sales by Geographic Region (2020, 2024 & 2031) & ($ millions)
Figure 7. At-Home DiagnosticTesting Sales Market Share by Country/Region (2024)
Figure 8. At-Home DiagnosticTesting Sales Market Share by Country/Region (2020, 2024 & 2031)
Figure 9. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market Share byType in 2024
Figure 10. At-Home DiagnosticTesting in CancerTesting
Figure 11. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market: CancerTesting (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Figure 12. At-Home DiagnosticTesting in Infectious Diseases
Figure 13. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market: Infectious Diseases (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Figure 14. At-Home DiagnosticTesting in Sexual Health
Figure 15. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market: Sexual Health (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Figure 16. At-Home DiagnosticTesting in Others
Figure 17. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market: Others (2020-2025) & ($ millions)
Figure 18. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market Share by Application in 2024
Figure 19. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Revenue Market Share by Player in 2024
Figure 20. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
Figure 21. Americas At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 22. APAC At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 23. Europe At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 24. Middle East & Africa At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 25. Americas At-Home DiagnosticTesting Value Market Share by Country in 2024
Figure 26. United States At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 27. Canada At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 28. Mexico At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 29. Brazil At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 30. APAC At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market Share by Region in 2024
Figure 31. APAC At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market Share byType (2020-2025)
Figure 32. APAC At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market Share by Application (2020-2025)
Figure 33. China At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 34. Japan At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 35. South Korea At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 36. Southeast Asia At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 37. India At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 38. Australia At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 39. Europe At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market Share by Country in 2024
Figure 40. Europe At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market Share byType (2020-2025)
Figure 41. Europe At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market Share by Application (2020-2025)
Figure 42. Germany At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 43.France At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 44. UK At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 45. Italy At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 46. Russia At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 47. Middle East & Africa At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
Figure 48. Middle East & Africa At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market Share byType (2020-2025)
Figure 49. Middle East & Africa At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market Share by Application (2020-2025)
Figure 50. Egypt At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 51. South Africa At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 52. Israel At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 53.Turkey At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 54. GCC Countries At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Growth 2020-2025 ($ millions)
Figure 55. Americas At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 56. APAC At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 57. Europe At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 58. Middle East & Africa At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 59. United States At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 60. Canada At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 61. Mexico At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 62. Brazil At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 63. China At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 64. Japan At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 65. Korea At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 66. Southeast Asia At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 67. India At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 68. Australia At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 69. Germany At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 70.France At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 71. UK At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 72. Italy At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 73. Russia At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 74. Egypt At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 75. South Africa At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 76. Israel At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 77.Turkey At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)
Figure 78. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market ShareForecast byType (2026-2031)
Figure 79. Global At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size Market ShareForecast by Application (2026-2031)
Figure 80. GCC Countries At-Home DiagnosticTesting Market Size 2026-2031 ($ millions)