COVID-19 Global & China mPOS Terminal Market Research by Company, Type & Application 2015-2026
SUMMARY
HeyReport estimates that the mPOS Terminal market size will grow from xxx Million USD in 2020 to xxxx Million USD by 2025, and with a CAGR of xx%. The base year considered for this report is 2019, and the market forecast is projected from 2021 to 2025.
In this report, HeyReport discusses the Global & China industrial policies, economic environment, and the impact of covid-19 on the mPOS Terminalindustry and its cost structure. Besides, this report covers the basic market dynamics, market size and companies competition data. In addition, the report also conducts basic market research on major product type, market end-use and regional trade.
Market Segment as follows:
Product Type Segmentation Includes
Section 1:
Product definition, type and application, Global & China market overview;
Section 2:
Global & China Market competition by company;
Section 3:
Global & China sales revenue, volume and price by type;
Section 4:
Global & China sales revenue, volume and price by application;
Section 5:
China export and import;
Section 6:
Company information, business overview, sales data and product specifications;
Section 7:
Industry chain and raw materials;
Section 8:
Industrial policies & economic environment
Section 9:
Conclusion.
For any other requirements, please feel free to contact HeyReport for customized contents.
HeyReport estimates that the mPOS Terminal market size will grow from xxx Million USD in 2020 to xxxx Million USD by 2025, and with a CAGR of xx%. The base year considered for this report is 2019, and the market forecast is projected from 2021 to 2025.
In this report, HeyReport discusses the Global & China industrial policies, economic environment, and the impact of covid-19 on the mPOS Terminalindustry and its cost structure. Besides, this report covers the basic market dynamics, market size and companies competition data. In addition, the report also conducts basic market research on major product type, market end-use and regional trade.
Market Segment as follows:
Product Type Segmentation Includes
- Hardware
- POS Software & Services
- Retail
- Hospitality
- Healthcare
- Transportation
- Sports & Entertainment
- Others
- Ingenico
- Verifone
- First Data
- PAX Global Technology
- NCR Corporation
- Diebold Nixdorf
- BBPOS
- Elavon
- Castles Technology
- Winpos
- BITEL
- Cegid Group
- Squirrel Systems
- Newland Payment
- CITIXSYS AMERICAS
Section 1:
Product definition, type and application, Global & China market overview;
Section 2:
Global & China Market competition by company;
Section 3:
Global & China sales revenue, volume and price by type;
Section 4:
Global & China sales revenue, volume and price by application;
Section 5:
China export and import;
Section 6:
Company information, business overview, sales data and product specifications;
Section 7:
Industry chain and raw materials;
Section 8:
Industrial policies & economic environment
Section 9:
Conclusion.
For any other requirements, please feel free to contact HeyReport for customized contents.
1 MARKET OVERVIEW
1.1 Market Segment Overview
1.1.1 Product Definition
1.1.2 Market by Type
1.1.2.1 Hardware
1.1.2.2 POS Software & Services
1.1.3 Market by Application
1.1.3.1 Retail
1.1.3.2 Hospitality
1.1.3.3 Healthcare
1.1.3.4 Transportation
1.1.3.5 Sports & Entertainment
1.1.3.6 Others
1.2 Global & China Market Size & Forecast
1.2.1 Global Market (2015-2020 & 2021-2026)
1.2.2 China Market (2015-2020 & 2021-2026)
2 GLOBAL & CHINA MARKET BY COMPANY
2.1 Global Sales by Company
2.2 China Sales by Company
3 GLOBAL & CHINA MARKET BY TYPE
3.1 Global Sales by Product Type
3.2 China Sales by Product Type
4 GLOBAL & CHINA MARKET BY APPLICATION
4.1 Global Sales by Application
4.2 China Sales by Application
5 CHINA TRADE
5.1 Export Overview
5.2 Import Overview
6 KEY COMPANIES LIST
6.1 Ingenico
6.1.1 Company Information
6.1.2 Product Specifications
6.1.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.2 Verifone
6.2.1 Company Information
6.2.2 Product Specifications
6.2.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.3 First Data
6.3.1 Company Information
6.3.2 Product Specifications
6.3.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.4 PAX Global Technology
6.4.1 Company Information
6.4.2 Product Specifications
6.4.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.5 NCR Corporation
6.5.1 Company Information
6.5.2 Product Specifications
6.5.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.6 Diebold Nixdorf
6.6.1 Company Information
6.6.2 Product Specifications
6.6.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.7 BBPOS
6.7.1 Company Information
6.7.2 Product Specifications
6.7.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.8 Elavon
6.8.1 Company Information
6.8.2 Product Specifications
6.8.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.9 Castles Technology
6.9.1 Company Information
6.9.2 Product Specifications
6.9.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.10 Winpos
6.10.1 Company Information
6.10.2 Product Specifications
6.10.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.11 BITEL
6.11.1 Company Information
6.11.2 Product Specifications
6.11.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.12 Cegid Group
6.12.1 Company Information
6.12.2 Product Specifications
6.12.3 Business Data (2015-2020) ( Sales Revenue, Cost and Margin)
6.13 Squirrel Systems
6.13.1 Company Information
6.13.2 Product Specifications
6.13.3 Business Data (2015-2020) ( Sales Revenue, Cost and Margin)
6.14 Newland Payment
6.14.1 Company Information
6.14.2 Product Specifications
6.14.3 Business Data (2015-2020) ( Sales Revenue, Cost and Margin)
6.15 CITIXSYS AMERICAS
6.15.1 Company Information
6.15.2 Product Specifications
6.15.3 Business Data (2015-2020) ( Sales Revenue, Cost and Margin)
7 INDUSTRY UPSTREAM
7.1 Industry Chain
7.2 Upstream Overview
8 POLICIES & MARKET ENVIRONMENT
8.1 Policies
8.1.1 Major Regions Policies
8.1.2 Policies in China
8.2 Market Environment
8.2.1 Porter's Five Forces
8.2.2 Impact of COVID-19
9 RESEARCH CONCLUSION
1.1 Market Segment Overview
1.1.1 Product Definition
1.1.2 Market by Type
1.1.2.1 Hardware
1.1.2.2 POS Software & Services
1.1.3 Market by Application
1.1.3.1 Retail
1.1.3.2 Hospitality
1.1.3.3 Healthcare
1.1.3.4 Transportation
1.1.3.5 Sports & Entertainment
1.1.3.6 Others
1.2 Global & China Market Size & Forecast
1.2.1 Global Market (2015-2020 & 2021-2026)
1.2.2 China Market (2015-2020 & 2021-2026)
2 GLOBAL & CHINA MARKET BY COMPANY
2.1 Global Sales by Company
2.2 China Sales by Company
3 GLOBAL & CHINA MARKET BY TYPE
3.1 Global Sales by Product Type
3.2 China Sales by Product Type
4 GLOBAL & CHINA MARKET BY APPLICATION
4.1 Global Sales by Application
4.2 China Sales by Application
5 CHINA TRADE
5.1 Export Overview
5.2 Import Overview
6 KEY COMPANIES LIST
6.1 Ingenico
6.1.1 Company Information
6.1.2 Product Specifications
6.1.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.2 Verifone
6.2.1 Company Information
6.2.2 Product Specifications
6.2.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.3 First Data
6.3.1 Company Information
6.3.2 Product Specifications
6.3.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.4 PAX Global Technology
6.4.1 Company Information
6.4.2 Product Specifications
6.4.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.5 NCR Corporation
6.5.1 Company Information
6.5.2 Product Specifications
6.5.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.6 Diebold Nixdorf
6.6.1 Company Information
6.6.2 Product Specifications
6.6.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.7 BBPOS
6.7.1 Company Information
6.7.2 Product Specifications
6.7.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.8 Elavon
6.8.1 Company Information
6.8.2 Product Specifications
6.8.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.9 Castles Technology
6.9.1 Company Information
6.9.2 Product Specifications
6.9.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.10 Winpos
6.10.1 Company Information
6.10.2 Product Specifications
6.10.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.11 BITEL
6.11.1 Company Information
6.11.2 Product Specifications
6.11.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.12 Cegid Group
6.12.1 Company Information
6.12.2 Product Specifications
6.12.3 Business Data (2015-2020) ( Sales Revenue, Cost and Margin)
6.13 Squirrel Systems
6.13.1 Company Information
6.13.2 Product Specifications
6.13.3 Business Data (2015-2020) ( Sales Revenue, Cost and Margin)
6.14 Newland Payment
6.14.1 Company Information
6.14.2 Product Specifications
6.14.3 Business Data (2015-2020) ( Sales Revenue, Cost and Margin)
6.15 CITIXSYS AMERICAS
6.15.1 Company Information
6.15.2 Product Specifications
6.15.3 Business Data (2015-2020) ( Sales Revenue, Cost and Margin)
7 INDUSTRY UPSTREAM
7.1 Industry Chain
7.2 Upstream Overview
8 POLICIES & MARKET ENVIRONMENT
8.1 Policies
8.1.1 Major Regions Policies
8.1.2 Policies in China
8.2 Market Environment
8.2.1 Porter's Five Forces
8.2.2 Impact of COVID-19
9 RESEARCH CONCLUSION
LIST OF TABLES
Table Global Market Sales Revenue by Company 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Company 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume by Company 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume Share by Company 2015-2020
Table Global Price by Company 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Revenue by Company 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Revenue Share by Company 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Volume by Company 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Volume Share by Company 2015-2020
Table China Price by Company 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Revenue by Type 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Type 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume by Type 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume Share by Type 2015-2020
Table Global Price by Type 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Revenue by Type 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Revenue Share by Type 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Volume by Type 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Volume Share by Type 2015-2020
Table China Price by Type 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Revenue by Application 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Application 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume by Application 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume Share by Application 2015-2020
Table Global Price by Application 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Revenue by Application 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Revenue Share by Application 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Volume by Application 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Volume Share by Application 2015-2020
Table China Price by Application 2015-2020
Table China Export 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Table China Export 2015-2020 (Volume)
Table China Import 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Table China Import 2015-2020 (Volume)
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Ingenico
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Verifone
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of First Data
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of PAX Global Technology
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of NCR Corporation
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Diebold Nixdorf
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of BBPOS
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Elavon
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Castles Technology
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Winpos
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of BITEL
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Cegid Group
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Squirrel Systems
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Newland Payment
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of CITIXSYS AMERICAS
Table Global Market Sales Revenue by Company 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Company 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume by Company 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume Share by Company 2015-2020
Table Global Price by Company 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Revenue by Company 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Revenue Share by Company 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Volume by Company 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Volume Share by Company 2015-2020
Table China Price by Company 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Revenue by Type 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Type 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume by Type 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume Share by Type 2015-2020
Table Global Price by Type 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Revenue by Type 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Revenue Share by Type 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Volume by Type 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Volume Share by Type 2015-2020
Table China Price by Type 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Revenue by Application 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Application 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume by Application 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume Share by Application 2015-2020
Table Global Price by Application 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Revenue by Application 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Revenue Share by Application 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Volume by Application 2015-2020
Table China Market Sales Volume Share by Application 2015-2020
Table China Price by Application 2015-2020
Table China Export 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Table China Export 2015-2020 (Volume)
Table China Import 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Table China Import 2015-2020 (Volume)
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Ingenico
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Verifone
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of First Data
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of PAX Global Technology
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of NCR Corporation
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Diebold Nixdorf
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of BBPOS
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Elavon
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Castles Technology
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Winpos
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of BITEL
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Cegid Group
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Squirrel Systems
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Newland Payment
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of CITIXSYS AMERICAS
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Hardware Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Hardware Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Hardware Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Hardware Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure POS Software & Services Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure POS Software & Services Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure POS Software & Services Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure POS Software & Services Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Retail Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Retail Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Retail Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Retail Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Hospitality Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Hospitality Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Hospitality Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Hospitality Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Healthcare Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Healthcare Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Healthcare Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Healthcare Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Transportation Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Transportation Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Transportation Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Transportation Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Sports & Entertainment Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Sports & Entertainment Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Sports & Entertainment Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Sports & Entertainment Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Others Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Others Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Others Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Others Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Global mPOS Terminal Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Global mPOS Terminal Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Global mPOS Terminal Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Global mPOS Terminal Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure China mPOS Terminal Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure China mPOS Terminal Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure China mPOS Terminal Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure China mPOS Terminal Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Company in 2019
Figure Global Market Sales Volume Share by Company in 2019
Figure China Market Sales Revenue Share by Company in 2019
Figure China Market Sales Volume Share by Company in 2019
Figure Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Type in 2019
Figure Global Market Sales Volume Share by Type in 2019
Figure China Market Sales Revenue Share by Type in 2019
Figure China Market Sales Volume Share by Type in 2019
Figure Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Application in 2019
Figure Global Market Sales Volume Share by Application in 2019
Figure China Market Sales Revenue Share by Application in 2019
Figure China Market Sales Volume Share by Application in 2019
Figure Industry Chain Overview
Figure Hardware Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Hardware Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Hardware Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Hardware Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure POS Software & Services Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure POS Software & Services Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure POS Software & Services Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure POS Software & Services Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Retail Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Retail Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Retail Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Retail Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Hospitality Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Hospitality Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Hospitality Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Hospitality Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Healthcare Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Healthcare Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Healthcare Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Healthcare Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Transportation Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Transportation Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Transportation Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Transportation Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Sports & Entertainment Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Sports & Entertainment Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Sports & Entertainment Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Sports & Entertainment Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Others Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Others Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Others Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Others Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Global mPOS Terminal Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Global mPOS Terminal Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Global mPOS Terminal Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Global mPOS Terminal Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure China mPOS Terminal Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure China mPOS Terminal Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure China mPOS Terminal Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure China mPOS Terminal Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Company in 2019
Figure Global Market Sales Volume Share by Company in 2019
Figure China Market Sales Revenue Share by Company in 2019
Figure China Market Sales Volume Share by Company in 2019
Figure Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Type in 2019
Figure Global Market Sales Volume Share by Type in 2019
Figure China Market Sales Revenue Share by Type in 2019
Figure China Market Sales Volume Share by Type in 2019
Figure Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Application in 2019
Figure Global Market Sales Volume Share by Application in 2019
Figure China Market Sales Revenue Share by Application in 2019
Figure China Market Sales Volume Share by Application in 2019
Figure Industry Chain Overview
