Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Market Report 2016

October 2016 | 123 pages | ID: GE459F467B0EN
QYResearch

Abstracts

Notes:

Sales, means the sales volume of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials

Revenue, means the sales value of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials

This report studies sales (consumption) of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials in Global market, especially in USA, China, Europe, Japan, Korea and Taiwan, focuses on top players in these regions/countries, with sales, price, revenue and market share for each player in these regions, covering

• BASF
• Hitachi Chemical
• Alent
• Henkel
• Kyocera
• Sumitomo

Market Segment by Regions, this report splits Global into several key Regions, with sales (consumption), revenue, market share and growth rate of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials in these regions, from 2011 to 2021 (forecast), like

• USA
• China
• Europe
• Japan
• Korea
• Taiwan

Split by product Types, with sales, revenue, price and gross margin, market share and growth rate of each type, can be divided into

• Organic Substrates
• Bonding Wires
• Lead Frames
• Ceramic Packages
• Others

Split by applications, this report focuses on sales, market share and growth rate of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials in each application, can be divided into

• Semiconductor & IC
• PCB
• Application 3

Contents

Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Market Report 2016

1 SEMICONDUCTOR & IC PACKAGING MATERIALS OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials
1.2 Classification of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials
  1.2.1 Organic Substrates
  1.2.2 Bonding Wires
  1.2.3 Lead Frames
  1.2.4 Ceramic Packages
  1.2.5 Others
1.3 Application of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials
  1.3.1 Semiconductor & IC
  1.3.2 PCB
  1.3.3 Application
1.4 Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Market by Regions
  1.4.1 USA Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.2 China Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.3 Europe Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.4 Japan Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.5 Korea Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.6 Taiwan Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
1.5 Global Market Size (Value and Volume) of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials (2011-2021)
  1.5.1 Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
  1.5.2 Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

2 GLOBAL SEMICONDUCTOR & IC PACKAGING MATERIALS COMPETITION BY MANUFACTURERS, TYPE AND APPLICATION

2.1 Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Market Competition by Manufacturers
  2.1.1 Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share of Key Manufacturers (2011-2016)
  2.1.2 Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
2.2 Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials (Volume and Value) by Type
  2.2.1 Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
  2.2.2 Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
2.3 Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials (Volume and Value) by Regions
  2.3.1 Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
  2.3.2 Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
2.4 Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials (Volume) by Application

3 USA SEMICONDUCTOR & IC PACKAGING MATERIALS (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

3.1 USA Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Value (2011-2016)
  3.1.1 USA Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  3.1.2 USA Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  3.1.3 USA Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
3.2 USA Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
3.3 USA Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Type
3.4 USA Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Application

4 CHINA SEMICONDUCTOR & IC PACKAGING MATERIALS (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

4.1 China Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Value (2011-2016)
  4.1.1 China Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  4.1.2 China Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  4.1.3 China Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
4.2 China Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
4.3 China Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Type
4.4 China Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Application

5 EUROPE SEMICONDUCTOR & IC PACKAGING MATERIALS (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

5.1 Europe Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Value (2011-2016)
  5.1.1 Europe Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  5.1.2 Europe Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  5.1.3 Europe Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
5.2 Europe Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
5.3 Europe Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Type
5.4 Europe Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Application

6 JAPAN SEMICONDUCTOR & IC PACKAGING MATERIALS (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

6.1 Japan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Value (2011-2016)
  6.1.1 Japan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  6.1.2 Japan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  6.1.3 Japan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
6.2 Japan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
6.3 Japan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Type
6.4 Japan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Application

7 KOREA SEMICONDUCTOR & IC PACKAGING MATERIALS (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

7.1 Korea Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Value (2011-2016)
  7.1.1 Korea Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  7.1.2 Korea Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  7.1.3 Korea Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
7.2 Korea Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
7.3 Korea Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Type
7.4 Korea Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Application

8 TAIWAN SEMICONDUCTOR & IC PACKAGING MATERIALS (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

8.1 Taiwan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Value (2011-2016)
  8.1.1 Taiwan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  8.1.2 Taiwan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  8.1.3 Taiwan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
8.2 Taiwan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
8.3 Taiwan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Type
8.4 Taiwan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Application

9 GLOBAL SEMICONDUCTOR & IC PACKAGING MATERIALS MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS

9.1 BASF
  9.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.1.2 Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Product Type, Application and Specification
    9.1.2.1 Type I
    9.1.2.2 Type II
  9.1.3 BASF Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  9.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview
9.2 Hitachi Chemical
  9.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.2.2 123 Product Type, Application and Specification
    9.2.2.1 Type I
    9.2.2.2 Type II
  9.2.3 Hitachi Chemical Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  9.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview
9.3 Alent
  9.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.3.2 144 Product Type, Application and Specification
    9.3.2.1 Type I
    9.3.2.2 Type II
  9.3.3 Alent Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  9.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview
9.4 Henkel
  9.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.4.2 Oct Product Type, Application and Specification
    9.4.2.1 Type I
    9.4.2.2 Type II
  9.4.3 Henkel Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  9.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview
9.5 Kyocera
  9.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.5.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
    9.5.2.1 Type I
    9.5.2.2 Type II
  9.5.3 Kyocera Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  9.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview
9.6 Sumitomo
  9.6.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.6.2 Million USD Product Type, Application and Specification
    9.6.2.1 Type I
    9.6.2.2 Type II
  9.6.3 Sumitomo Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  9.6.4 Main Business/Business Overview

10 SEMICONDUCTOR & IC PACKAGING MATERIALS MAUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

10.1 Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Key Raw Materials Analysis
  10.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  10.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  10.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  10.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
10.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  10.2.1 Raw Materials
  10.2.2 Labor Cost
  10.2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials

11 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

11.1 Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Industrial Chain Analysis
11.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
11.3 Raw Materials Sources of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Major Manufacturers in 2015
11.4 Downstream Buyers

12 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

12.1 Marketing Channel
  12.1.1 Direct Marketing
  12.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  12.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
12.2 Market Positioning
  12.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  12.2.2 Brand Strategy
  12.2.3 Target Client
12.3 Distributors/Traders List

13 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

13.1 Technology Progress/Risk
  13.1.1 Substitutes Threat
  13.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
13.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
13.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

14 GLOBAL SEMICONDUCTOR & IC PACKAGING MATERIALS MARKET FORECAST (2016-2021)

14.1 Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales, Revenue Forecast (2016-2021)
14.2 Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Forecast by Regions (2016-2021)
14.3 Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Forecast by Type (2016-2021)
14.4 Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Forecast by Application (2016-2021)

15 APPENDIX

Author List
Disclosure Section
Research Methodology
Data Source
China Disclaimer

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Picture of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials
Table Classification of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials
Figure Global Sales Market Share of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials by Type in 2015
Figure Organic Substrates Picture
Figure Bonding Wires Picture
Figure Lead Frames Picture
Figure Ceramic Packages Picture
Figure Others Picture
Table Applications of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials
Figure Global Sales Market Share of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials by Application in 2015
Figure Semiconductor & IC Examples
Figure PCB Examples
Figure USA Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure China Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Europe Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Japan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Korea Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Taiwan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Table Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales of Key Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Share by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Figure 2015 Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Share by Manufacturers
Figure 2016 Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Share by Manufacturers
Table Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table 2015 Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table 2016 Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
Table Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Share by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Sales Market Share of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Growth Rate by Type (2011-2016)
Table Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
Table Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue Share by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue Growth Rate by Type (2011-2016)
Table Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Table Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Sales Market Share of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Growth Rate by Regions (2011-2016)
Table Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Table Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue Growth Rate by Regions (2011-2016)
Table Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
Table Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Share by Application (2011-2016)
Figure Sales Market Share of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials by Application (2011-2016)
Figure Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Growth Rate by Application (2011-2016)
Figure USA Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure USA Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure USA Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
Table USA Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table USA Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Market Share by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table USA Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales by Type (2011-2016)
Table USA Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
Table USA Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales by Application (2011-2016)
Table USA Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
Figure China Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure China Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure China Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
Table China Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table China Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Market Share by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table China Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales by Type (2011-2016)
Table China Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
Table China Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales by Application (2011-2016)
Table China Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
Figure Europe Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Europe Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Europe Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
Table Europe Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table Europe Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Market Share by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table Europe Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales by Type (2011-2016)
Table Europe Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
Table Europe Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales by Application (2011-2016)
Table Europe Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
Figure Japan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Japan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Japan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
Table Japan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table Japan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Market Share by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table Japan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales by Type (2011-2016)
Table Japan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
Table Japan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales by Application (2011-2016)
Table Japan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
Figure Korea Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Korea Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Korea Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
Table Korea Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table Korea Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Market Share by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table Korea Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales by Type (2011-2016)
Table Korea Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
Table Korea Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales by Application (2011-2016)
Table Korea Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
Figure Taiwan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Taiwan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Taiwan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
Table Taiwan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table Taiwan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Market Share by Manufacturers (2011-2016)
Table Taiwan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales by Type (2011-2016)
Table Taiwan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
Table Taiwan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales by Application (2011-2016)
Table Taiwan Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
Table BASF Basic Information List
Table BASF Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure BASF Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Hitachi Chemical Basic Information List
Table Hitachi Chemical Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Hitachi Chemical Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Alent Basic Information List
Table Alent Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Alent Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Henkel Basic Information List
Table Henkel Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Henkel Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Kyocera Basic Information List
Table Kyocera Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Kyocera Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Sumitomo Basic Information List
Table Sumitomo Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Sumitomo Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Global Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials
Figure Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Major Manufacturers in 2015
Table Major Buyers of Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Figure Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Table Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Forecast by Regions (2016-2021)
Table Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Forecast by Type (2016-2021)
Table Global Semiconductor & IC Packaging Materials Sales Forecast by Application (2016-2021)