Europe Microwave Absorber Market Research Report Forecast 2017-2021

April 2017 | 122 pages | ID: E9E682ED2A8EN
S&P Consulting

Abstracts

The Europe Microwave Absorber Market Research Report Forecast 2017-2021 is a valuable source of insightful data for business strategists. It provides the Microwave Absorber industry overview with growth analysis and historical & futuristic cost, revenue, demand and supply data (as applicable). The research analysts provide an elaborate description of the value chain and its distributor analysis. This Microwave Absorber market study provides comprehensive data which enhances the understanding, scope and application of this report.

This report provides comprehensive analysis of

Key market segments and sub-segments
Evolving market trends and dynamics
Changing supply and demand scenarios
Quantifying market opportunities through market sizing and market forecasting
Tracking current trends/opportunities/challenges
Competitive insights
Opportunity mapping in terms of technological breakthroughs

Europe Microwave Absorber Market Analysis by Countries:

Germany
France
UK
Russia
Italy
Spain
Benelux

The Major players reported in the market include:

ARC Technology Inc.
Emerson & Cuming Microwave
Euro Technologies
KITAGAWA INDUSTRIES
MAST Technologies
Microwave Vision Group
MVG-EMC
MWT Materials
Western Rubber

Europe Microwave Absorber Market Analysis by Product:

Type 1
Type 2
Type 3

Europe Microwave Absorber Market Analysis by Application:

Application 1
Application 2
Application 3

Reasons for Buying this Report

• This report provides pin-point analysis for changing competitive dynamics
• It provides a forward looking perspective on different factors driving or restraining market growth
• It provides a six-year forecast assessed on the basis of how the market is predicted to grow
• It helps in understanding the key product segments and their future
• It provides pin point analysis of changing competition dynamics and keeps you ahead of competitors
• It helps in making informed business decisions by having complete insights of market and by making in-depth analysis of market segments

Contents

Europe Microwave Absorber Sales Market Report Forecast 2017-2021

1 MICROWAVE ABSORBER MARKET OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Microwave Absorber
1.2 Classification of Microwave Absorber
  1.2.1 Type
  1.2.2 Type
  1.2.3 Type
1.3 Application of Microwave Absorber
  1.3.2 Application
  1.3.3 Application
  1.3.4 Application
1.4 Microwave Absorber Market States Status and Prospect (2012-2021) by Countries
  1.4.1 Germany
  1.4.2 France
  1.4.3 UK
  1.4.4 Russia
  1.4.5 Italy
  1.4.6 Spain
  1.4.7 Benelux
1.5 Europe Market Size (Value and Volume) of Microwave Absorber (2012-2021)
  1.5.1 Europe Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
  1.5.2 Europe Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)

2 EUROPE ECONOMIC IMPACT ON MICROWAVE ABSORBER INDUSTRY

2.1 Europe Macroeconomic Analysis
2.2 Europe Macroeconomic Environment Development Trend

3 MICROWAVE ABSORBER MANUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

3.1 Microwave Absorber Key Raw Materials Analysis
  3.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  3.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  3.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  3.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
3.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  3.2.1 Raw Materials
  3.2.2 Labor Cost
  3.2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Microwave Absorber

4 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

4.1 Microwave Absorber Industrial Chain Analysis
4.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
4.3 Raw Materials Sources of Microwave Absorber Major Manufacturers in 2015
4.4 Downstream Buyers

5 EUROPE MICROWAVE ABSORBER MARKET ANALYSIS BY MANUFACTURERS, TYPE AND APPLICATION

5.1 Europe Microwave Absorber Market Competition by Manufacturers
  5.1.1 Europe Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
  5.1.2 Europe Microwave Absorber Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
5.2 Europe Microwave Absorber (Volume and Value) by Type
  5.2.1 Europe Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
  5.2.2 Europe Microwave Absorber Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
5.3 Europe Microwave Absorber (Volume and Value) by Countries
  5.3.1 Europe Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)
  5.3.2 Europe Microwave Absorber Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)
5.4 Europe Microwave Absorber (Volume) by Application

6 GERMANY MICROWAVE ABSORBER (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

6.1 Germany Microwave Absorber Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  6.1.1 Germany Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  6.1.2 Germany Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  6.1.3 Germany Microwave Absorber Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
6.2 Germany Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
6.3 Germany Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Type
6.4 Germany Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Application

7 FRANCE MICROWAVE ABSORBER (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

7.1 France Microwave Absorber Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  7.1.1 France Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  7.1.2 France Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  7.1.3 France Microwave Absorber Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
7.2 France Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
7.3 France Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Type
7.4 France Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Application

8 UK MICROWAVE ABSORBER (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

8.1 UK Microwave Absorber Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  8.1.1 UK Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  8.1.2 UK Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  8.1.3 UK Microwave Absorber Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
8.2 UK Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
8.3 UK Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Type
8.4 UK Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Application

9 RUSSIA MICROWAVE ABSORBER (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

9.1 Russia Microwave Absorber Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  9.1.1 Russia Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  9.1.2 Russia Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  9.1.3 Russia Microwave Absorber Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
9.2 Russia Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
9.3 Russia Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Type
9.4 Russia Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Application

10 ITALY MICROWAVE ABSORBER (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

10.1 Italy Microwave Absorber Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  10.1.1 Italy Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  10.1.2 Italy Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  10.1.3 Italy Microwave Absorber Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
10.2 Italy Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
10.3 Italy Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Type
10.4 Italy Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Application

11 SPAIN MICROWAVE ABSORBER (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

11.1 Spain Microwave Absorber Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  11.1.1 Spain Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  11.1.2 Spain Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  11.1.3 Spain Microwave Absorber Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
11.2 Spain Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
11.3 Spain Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Type
11.4 Spain Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Application

12 BENELUX MICROWAVE ABSORBER (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

12.1 Benelux Microwave Absorber Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  12.1.1 Benelux Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  12.1.2 Benelux Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  12.1.3 Benelux Microwave Absorber Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
12.2 Benelux Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
12.3 Benelux Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Type
12.4 Benelux Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Application

13 EUROPE MICROWAVE ABSORBER MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS

13.1 ARC Technology Inc.
  13.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.1.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.1.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.1.4 Business Overview
13.2 Emerson & Cuming Microwave
  13.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.2.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.2.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.2.4 Business Overview
13.3 Euro Technologies
  13.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.3.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.3.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.3.4 Business Overview
13.4 KITAGAWA INDUSTRIES
  13.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.4.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.4.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.4.4 Business Overview
13.5 MAST Technologies
  13.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.5.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.5.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.5.4 Business Overview
13.6 Microwave Vision Group
  13.6.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.6.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.6.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.6.4 Business Overview
13.7 MVG-EMC
  13.7.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.7.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.7.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.7.4 Business Overview
13.8 MWT Materials
  13.8.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.8.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.8.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.8.4 Business Overview
13.9 Western Rubber
  13.9.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.9.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.9.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.9.4 Business Overview

13 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

13.1 Marketing Channel
  13.1.1 Direct Marketing
  13.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  13.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
13.2 Market Positioning
  13.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  13.2.2 Brand Strategy
  13.2.3 Target Client
13.3 Distributors/Traders List

14 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

14.1 Technology Progress/Risk
  14.1.1 Substitutes Threat
  14.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
14.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
14.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

15 EUROPE MICROWAVE ABSORBER MARKET FORECAST (2017-2021)

15.1 Germany Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.2 France Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.3 UK Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.4 Russia Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.5 Italy Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.6 Spain Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.7 Benelux Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.8 Europe Microwave Absorber Market Forecast by Type (2017-2021)
15.9 Europe Microwave Absorber Market Forecast by Application (2017-2021)

16 APPENDIX

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Picture of Microwave Absorber
Table Classification of Microwave Absorber
Figure Europe Sales Market Share of Microwave Absorber by Type in 2015
Table Application of Microwave Absorber
Figure Europe Sales Market Share of Microwave Absorber by Application in 2015
Figure Germany Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure France Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure UK Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure Russia Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure Italy Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure Spain Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure Benelux Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure Europe Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure Europe Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Table Europe Microwave Absorber Sales of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Europe Microwave Absorber Sales Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure 2015 Microwave Absorber Sales Share by Manufacturers
Figure 2016 Microwave Absorber Sales Share by Manufacturers
Table Europe Microwave Absorber Revenue by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Europe Microwave Absorber Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table 2015 Europe Microwave Absorber Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table 2016 Europe Microwave Absorber Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table Europe Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
Table Europe Microwave Absorber Sales Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Sales Market Share of Microwave Absorber by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Europe Microwave Absorber Sales Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)
Table Europe Microwave Absorber Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
Table Europe Microwave Absorber Revenue Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Microwave Absorber by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Europe Microwave Absorber Revenue Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)
Table Europe Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)
Table Europe Microwave Absorber Sales Share by Countries (2012-2017)
Figure Sales Market Share of Microwave Absorber by Countries (2012-2017)
Table Europe Microwave Absorber Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)
Table Europe Microwave Absorber Revenue Share by Countries (2012-2017)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Microwave Absorber by Countries (2012-2017)
Table Europe Microwave Absorber Sales and Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
Table Europe Microwave Absorber Sales Share by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Sales Market Share of Microwave Absorber by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Germany Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Germany Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Germany Microwave Absorber Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table Germany Microwave Absorber Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Microwave Absorber Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Microwave Absorber Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Microwave Absorber Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Microwave Absorber Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Microwave Absorber Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure France Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure France Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure France Microwave Absorber Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table France Microwave Absorber Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table France Microwave Absorber Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table France Microwave Absorber Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table France Microwave Absorber Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table France Microwave Absorber Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table France Microwave Absorber Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure UK Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure UK Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure UK Microwave Absorber Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table UK Microwave Absorber Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Microwave Absorber Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Microwave Absorber Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Microwave Absorber Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Microwave Absorber Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Microwave Absorber Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure Russia Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Russia Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Russia Microwave Absorber Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table Russia Microwave Absorber Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Microwave Absorber Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Microwave Absorber Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Microwave Absorber Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Microwave Absorber Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Microwave Absorber Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure Italy Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Italy Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Italy Microwave Absorber Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table Italy Microwave Absorber Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Microwave Absorber Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Microwave Absorber Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Microwave Absorber Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Microwave Absorber Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Microwave Absorber Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure Spain Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Spain Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Spain Microwave Absorber Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table Spain Microwave Absorber Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Microwave Absorber Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Microwave Absorber Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Microwave Absorber Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Microwave Absorber Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Microwave Absorber Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure Benelux Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Benelux Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Benelux Microwave Absorber Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table Benelux Microwave Absorber Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Microwave Absorber Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Microwave Absorber Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Microwave Absorber Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Microwave Absorber Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Microwave Absorber Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table ARC Technology Inc. Basic Information List
Table ARC Technology Inc. Microwave Absorber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure ARC Technology Inc. Microwave Absorber Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table Emerson & Cuming Microwave Basic Information List
Table Emerson & Cuming Microwave Microwave Absorber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Emerson & Cuming Microwave Microwave Absorber Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table Euro Technologies Basic Information List
Table Euro Technologies Microwave Absorber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Euro Technologies Microwave Absorber Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table KITAGAWA INDUSTRIES Basic Information List
Table KITAGAWA INDUSTRIES Microwave Absorber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table KITAGAWA INDUSTRIES Microwave Absorber Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table MAST Technologies Basic Information List
Table MAST Technologies Microwave Absorber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure MAST Technologies Microwave Absorber Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table Microwave Vision Group Basic Information List
Table Microwave Vision Group Microwave Absorber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Microwave Vision Group Microwave Absorber Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table MVG-EMC Basic Information List
Table MVG-EMC Microwave Absorber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure MVG-EMC Microwave Absorber Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table MWT Materials Basic Information List
Table MWT Materials Microwave Absorber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table MWT Materials Microwave Absorber Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table Western Rubber Basic Information List
Table Western Rubber Microwave Absorber Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Western Rubber Microwave Absorber Sales Market Share (2012-2017).
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Microwave Absorber
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Microwave Absorber
Figure Microwave Absorber Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Microwave Absorber Major Manufacturers in 2015
Table Major Buyers of Microwave Absorber
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure Germany Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Germany Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure France Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure France Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure UK Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure UK Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Russia Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Russia Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Italy Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Italy Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Spain Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Spain Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Benelux Microwave Absorber Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Benelux Microwave Absorber Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Table Europe Microwave Absorber Sales Forecast by Type (2017-2021)
Table Europe Microwave Absorber Sales Forecast by Application (2017-2021)

COMPANIES MENTIONED

ARC Technology Inc., Emerson & Cuming Microwave, Euro Technologies, KITAGAWA INDUSTRIES, MAST Technologies, Microwave Vision Group, MVG-EMC, MWT Materials, Western Rubber