Tube Puller Market, Global Outlook and Forecast 2022-2028

April 2022 | 79 pages | ID: T102002E602CEN
Market Monitor Global

Abstracts

This report contains market size and forecasts of Tube Puller in global, including the following market information:

Global Tube Puller Market Revenue, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, ($ millions)

Global Tube Puller Market Sales, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, (K Units)

Global top five Tube Puller companies in 2021 (%)

The global Tube Puller market was valued at million in 2021 and is projected to reach US$ million by 2028, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period 2022-2028.

The U.S. Market is Estimated at $ Million in 2021, While China is Forecast to Reach $ Million by 2028.

Manual Puller Segment to Reach $ Million by 2028, with a % CAGR in next six years.

The global key manufacturers of Tube Puller include Elliott Tool Technologies, Maus Italia, TECO tube expanders company, Thomas C. Wilson, Oto Hearing Products Ltd, Bhartiya Enterprises, Niksu Power Tools and SUGINO MACHINE LIMITED, etc. In 2021, the global top five players have a share approximately % in terms of revenue.

MARKET MONITOR GLOBAL, INC (MMG) has surveyed the Tube Puller manufacturers, suppliers, distributors and industry experts on this industry, involving the sales, revenue, demand, price change, product type, recent development and plan, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.

Total Market by Segment:

Global Tube Puller Market, by Type, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (K Units)

Global Tube Puller Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2021 (%)

• Manual Puller
• Hydraulic Puller

Global Tube Puller Market, by Application, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (K Units)

Global Tube Puller Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2021 (%)

• Heat Exchanger
• Cooler
• Finned Fan Cooler
• Surface Condenser
• Others

Global Tube Puller Market, By Region and Country, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (K Units)

Global Tube Puller Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2021 (%)

• North America
• US
• Canada
• Mexico
• Europe
• Germany
• France
• U.K.
• Italy
• Russia
• Nordic Countries
• Benelux
• Rest of Europe
• Asia
• China
• Japan
• South Korea
• Southeast Asia
• India
• Rest of Asia
• South America
• Brazil
• Argentina
• Rest of South America
• Middle East & Africa
• Turkey
• Israel
• Saudi Arabia
• UAE
• Rest of Middle East & Africa

Competitor Analysis

The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:

Key companies Tube Puller revenues in global market, 2017-2022 (Estimated), ($ millions)

Key companies Tube Puller revenues share in global market, 2021 (%)

Key companies Tube Puller sales in global market, 2017-2022 (Estimated), (K Units)

Key companies Tube Puller sales share in global market, 2021 (%)

Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:

• Elliott Tool Technologies
• Maus Italia
• TECO tube expanders company
• Thomas C. Wilson
• Oto Hearing Products Ltd
• Bhartiya Enterprises
• Niksu Power Tools
• SUGINO MACHINE LIMITED

Contents

1 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH & ANALYSIS REPORTS

1.1 Tube Puller Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
  1.2.1 Market by Type
  1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Tube Puller Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
  1.5.1 Research Methodology
  1.5.2 Research Process
  1.5.3 Base Year
  1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats

2 GLOBAL TUBE PULLER OVERALL MARKET SIZE

2.1 Global Tube Puller Market Size: 2021 VS 2028
2.2 Global Tube Puller Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2017-2028
2.3 Global Tube Puller Sales: 2017-2028

3 COMPANY LANDSCAPE

3.1 Top Tube Puller Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Tube Puller Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Tube Puller Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Tube Puller Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Tube Puller Price by Manufacturer (2017-2022)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Tube Puller Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2021
3.7 Global Manufacturers Tube Puller Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Tube Puller Players in Global Market
  3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Tube Puller Companies
  3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Tube Puller Companies

4 SIGHTS BY PRODUCT

4.1 Overview
  4.1.1 By Type - Global Tube Puller Market Size Markets, 2021 & 2028
  4.1.2 Manual Puller
  4.1.3 Hydraulic Puller
4.2 By Type - Global Tube Puller Revenue & Forecasts
  4.2.1 By Type - Global Tube Puller Revenue, 2017-2022
  4.2.2 By Type - Global Tube Puller Revenue, 2023-2028
  4.2.3 By Type - Global Tube Puller Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
4.3 By Type - Global Tube Puller Sales & Forecasts
  4.3.1 By Type - Global Tube Puller Sales, 2017-2022
  4.3.2 By Type - Global Tube Puller Sales, 2023-2028
  4.3.3 By Type - Global Tube Puller Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
4.4 By Type - Global Tube Puller Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028

5 SIGHTS BY APPLICATION

5.1 Overview
  5.1.1 By Application - Global Tube Puller Market Size, 2021 & 2028
  5.1.2 Heat Exchanger
  5.1.3 Cooler
  5.1.4 Finned Fan Cooler
  5.1.5 Surface Condenser
  5.1.6 Others
5.2 By Application - Global Tube Puller Revenue & Forecasts
  5.2.1 By Application - Global Tube Puller Revenue, 2017-2022
  5.2.2 By Application - Global Tube Puller Revenue, 2023-2028
  5.2.3 By Application - Global Tube Puller Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
5.3 By Application - Global Tube Puller Sales & Forecasts
  5.3.1 By Application - Global Tube Puller Sales, 2017-2022
  5.3.2 By Application - Global Tube Puller Sales, 2023-2028
  5.3.3 By Application - Global Tube Puller Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
5.4 By Application - Global Tube Puller Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028

6 SIGHTS BY REGION

6.1 By Region - Global Tube Puller Market Size, 2021 & 2028
6.2 By Region - Global Tube Puller Revenue & Forecasts
  6.2.1 By Region - Global Tube Puller Revenue, 2017-2022
  6.2.2 By Region - Global Tube Puller Revenue, 2023-2028
  6.2.3 By Region - Global Tube Puller Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
6.3 By Region - Global Tube Puller Sales & Forecasts
  6.3.1 By Region - Global Tube Puller Sales, 2017-2022
  6.3.2 By Region - Global Tube Puller Sales, 2023-2028
  6.3.3 By Region - Global Tube Puller Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
6.4 North America
  6.4.1 By Country - North America Tube Puller Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.4.2 By Country - North America Tube Puller Sales, 2017-2028
  6.4.3 US Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.4.4 Canada Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.4.5 Mexico Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5 Europe
  6.5.1 By Country - Europe Tube Puller Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.5.2 By Country - Europe Tube Puller Sales, 2017-2028
  6.5.3 Germany Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.4 France Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.5 U.K. Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.6 Italy Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.7 Russia Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.8 Nordic Countries Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.9 Benelux Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6 Asia
  6.6.1 By Region - Asia Tube Puller Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.6.2 By Region - Asia Tube Puller Sales, 2017-2028
  6.6.3 China Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.4 Japan Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.5 South Korea Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.6 Southeast Asia Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.7 India Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7 South America
  6.7.1 By Country - South America Tube Puller Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.7.2 By Country - South America Tube Puller Sales, 2017-2028
  6.7.3 Brazil Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.7.4 Argentina Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8 Middle East & Africa
  6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Tube Puller Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Tube Puller Sales, 2017-2028
  6.8.3 Turkey Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.8.4 Israel Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.8.6 UAE Tube Puller Market Size, 2017-2028

7 MANUFACTURERS & BRANDS PROFILES

7.1 Elliott Tool Technologies
  7.1.1 Elliott Tool Technologies Corporate Summary
  7.1.2 Elliott Tool Technologies Business Overview
  7.1.3 Elliott Tool Technologies Tube Puller Major Product Offerings
  7.1.4 Elliott Tool Technologies Tube Puller Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.1.5 Elliott Tool Technologies Key News
7.2 Maus Italia
  7.2.1 Maus Italia Corporate Summary
  7.2.2 Maus Italia Business Overview
  7.2.3 Maus Italia Tube Puller Major Product Offerings
  7.2.4 Maus Italia Tube Puller Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.2.5 Maus Italia Key News
7.3 TECO tube expanders company
  7.3.1 TECO tube expanders company Corporate Summary
  7.3.2 TECO tube expanders company Business Overview
  7.3.3 TECO tube expanders company Tube Puller Major Product Offerings
  7.3.4 TECO tube expanders company Tube Puller Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.3.5 TECO tube expanders company Key News
7.4 Thomas C. Wilson
  7.4.1 Thomas C. Wilson Corporate Summary
  7.4.2 Thomas C. Wilson Business Overview
  7.4.3 Thomas C. Wilson Tube Puller Major Product Offerings
  7.4.4 Thomas C. Wilson Tube Puller Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.4.5 Thomas C. Wilson Key News
7.5 Oto Hearing Products Ltd
  7.5.1 Oto Hearing Products Ltd Corporate Summary
  7.5.2 Oto Hearing Products Ltd Business Overview
  7.5.3 Oto Hearing Products Ltd Tube Puller Major Product Offerings
  7.5.4 Oto Hearing Products Ltd Tube Puller Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.5.5 Oto Hearing Products Ltd Key News
7.6 Bhartiya Enterprises
  7.6.1 Bhartiya Enterprises Corporate Summary
  7.6.2 Bhartiya Enterprises Business Overview
  7.6.3 Bhartiya Enterprises Tube Puller Major Product Offerings
  7.6.4 Bhartiya Enterprises Tube Puller Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.6.5 Bhartiya Enterprises Key News
7.7 Niksu Power Tools
  7.7.1 Niksu Power Tools Corporate Summary
  7.7.2 Niksu Power Tools Business Overview
  7.7.3 Niksu Power Tools Tube Puller Major Product Offerings
  7.7.4 Niksu Power Tools Tube Puller Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.7.5 Niksu Power Tools Key News
7.8 SUGINO MACHINE LIMITED
  7.8.1 SUGINO MACHINE LIMITED Corporate Summary
  7.8.2 SUGINO MACHINE LIMITED Business Overview
  7.8.3 SUGINO MACHINE LIMITED Tube Puller Major Product Offerings
  7.8.4 SUGINO MACHINE LIMITED Tube Puller Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.8.5 SUGINO MACHINE LIMITED Key News

8 GLOBAL TUBE PULLER PRODUCTION CAPACITY, ANALYSIS

8.1 Global Tube Puller Production Capacity, 2017-2028
8.2 Tube Puller Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Tube Puller Production by Region

9 KEY MARKET TRENDS, OPPORTUNITY, DRIVERS AND RESTRAINTS

9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints

10 TUBE PULLER SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS

10.1 Tube Puller Industry Value Chain
10.2 Tube Puller Upstream Market
10.3 Tube Puller Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
  10.4.1 Marketing Channels
  10.4.2 Tube Puller Distributors and Sales Agents in Global

11 CONCLUSION

12 APPENDIX

12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Key Players of Tube Puller in Global Market
Table 2. Top Tube Puller Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2021)
Table 3. Global Tube Puller Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 4. Global Tube Puller Revenue Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 5. Global Tube Puller Sales by Companies, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 6. Global Tube Puller Sales Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Tube Puller Price (2017-2022) & (US$/Unit)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Tube Puller Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Tube Puller Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Tube Puller Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type – Global Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 12. By Type - Global Tube Puller Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 13. By Type - Global Tube Puller Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 14. By Type - Global Tube Puller Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 15. By Type - Global Tube Puller Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 16. By Application – Global Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 17. By Application - Global Tube Puller Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 18. By Application - Global Tube Puller Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 19. By Application - Global Tube Puller Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 20. By Application - Global Tube Puller Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 21. By Region – Global Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2028
Table 22. By Region - Global Tube Puller Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 23. By Region - Global Tube Puller Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 24. By Region - Global Tube Puller Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 25. By Region - Global Tube Puller Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 26. By Country - North America Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 27. By Country - North America Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 28. By Country - North America Tube Puller Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 29. By Country - North America Tube Puller Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 30. By Country - Europe Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 31. By Country - Europe Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 32. By Country - Europe Tube Puller Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 33. By Country - Europe Tube Puller Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 34. By Region - Asia Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 35. By Region - Asia Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 36. By Region - Asia Tube Puller Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 37. By Region - Asia Tube Puller Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 38. By Country - South America Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 39. By Country - South America Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 40. By Country - South America Tube Puller Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 41. By Country - South America Tube Puller Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Tube Puller Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Tube Puller Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 46. Elliott Tool Technologies Corporate Summary
Table 47. Elliott Tool Technologies Tube Puller Product Offerings
Table 48. Elliott Tool Technologies Tube Puller Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 49. Maus Italia Corporate Summary
Table 50. Maus Italia Tube Puller Product Offerings
Table 51. Maus Italia Tube Puller Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 52. TECO tube expanders company Corporate Summary
Table 53. TECO tube expanders company Tube Puller Product Offerings
Table 54. TECO tube expanders company Tube Puller Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 55. Thomas C. Wilson Corporate Summary
Table 56. Thomas C. Wilson Tube Puller Product Offerings
Table 57. Thomas C. Wilson Tube Puller Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 58. Oto Hearing Products Ltd Corporate Summary
Table 59. Oto Hearing Products Ltd Tube Puller Product Offerings
Table 60. Oto Hearing Products Ltd Tube Puller Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 61. Bhartiya Enterprises Corporate Summary
Table 62. Bhartiya Enterprises Tube Puller Product Offerings
Table 63. Bhartiya Enterprises Tube Puller Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 64. Niksu Power Tools Corporate Summary
Table 65. Niksu Power Tools Tube Puller Product Offerings
Table 66. Niksu Power Tools Tube Puller Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 67. SUGINO MACHINE LIMITED Corporate Summary
Table 68. SUGINO MACHINE LIMITED Tube Puller Product Offerings
Table 69. SUGINO MACHINE LIMITED Tube Puller Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 70. Tube Puller Production Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2020-2022 (K Units)
Table 71. Global Tube Puller Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2020-2022
Table 72. Global Tube Puller Production by Region, 2017-2022 (K Units)
Table 73. Global Tube Puller Production by Region, 2023-2028 (K Units)
Table 74. Tube Puller Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 75. Tube Puller Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 76. Tube Puller Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 77. Tube Puller Raw Materials
Table 78. Tube Puller Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 79. Typical Tube Puller Downstream
Table 80. Tube Puller Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 81. Tube Puller Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market

List Of Figures

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Tube Puller Segment by Type
Figure 2. Tube Puller Segment by Application
Figure 3. Global Tube Puller Market Overview: 2021
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Tube Puller Market Size: 2021 VS 2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Tube Puller Revenue, 2017-2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Tube Puller Sales in Global Market: 2017-2028 (K Units)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Tube Puller Revenue in 2021
Figure 9. By Type - Global Tube Puller Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 10. By Type - Global Tube Puller Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 11. By Type - Global Tube Puller Price (US$/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 12. By Application - Global Tube Puller Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 13. By Application - Global Tube Puller Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 14. By Application - Global Tube Puller Price (US$/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 15. By Region - Global Tube Puller Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 16. By Region - Global Tube Puller Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 17. By Country - North America Tube Puller Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 18. By Country - North America Tube Puller Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 19. US Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 20. Canada Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 21. Mexico Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 22. By Country - Europe Tube Puller Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 23. By Country - Europe Tube Puller Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 24. Germany Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 25. France Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 26. U.K. Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 27. Italy Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 28. Russia Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 29. Nordic Countries Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 30. Benelux Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 31. By Region - Asia Tube Puller Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 32. By Region - Asia Tube Puller Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 33. China Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 34. Japan Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 35. South Korea Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 36. Southeast Asia Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 37. India Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 38. By Country - South America Tube Puller Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 39. By Country - South America Tube Puller Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 40. Brazil Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 41. Argentina Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Tube Puller Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Tube Puller Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 44. Turkey Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 45. Israel Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 46. Saudi Arabia Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 47. UAE Tube Puller Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 48. Global Tube Puller Production Capacity (K Units), 2017-2028
Figure 49. The Percentage of Production Tube Puller by Region, 2021 VS 2028
Figure 50. Tube Puller Industry Value Chain
Figure 51. Marketing Channels