Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Technologies and Global Markets

February 2022 | 298 pages | ID: SD79BDC7030EN
BCC Research

Abstracts

Report Scope:

This report will cover solid oxide fuel cells used in transport applications as well as stationary power generation and storage applications. Target markets are based on optimistic, pessimistic and consensus alternatives, which are compared to the conventional power generation target and peak shifting opportunities. The current market is emerging with pre-commercial demos and subsidized pilot projects as well as fast-growing niche markets that are quickly becoming established specialty markets.

Over the next five years, these pilots will be expanding into commercial implementations. The 2026 market is also characterized with recent developments in the industry and government initiatives across the globe.

SOFC applications are described and analyzed. The following applications are considered -

• Combined heat and power (CHP).
• Power generation (stationary power units, remote power, and auxiliary power units [APUs]).
• Portable product power.
• Exotic (solid oxide electrolyzer cells and fuel cell hybrids).
• Geographical scope of the report covers North America, Asia-Pacific, Europe and Rest of the World.

SOFC companies are listed, and their detailed profiles are discussed in the Company Profiles chapter.

Report Includes:

• 79 tables
• An overview of the global market and technologies for solid oxide fuel cells
• Estimation of the market size and analyses of global market trends, with data from 2020, 2021 with projections of compound annual growth rates (CAGRs) through 2026
• Highlights of the market potential for solid oxide fuel cells market, based on application, end-use industry, and region
• Coverage of history, comparison and characteristics of major fuel cell types and cost analysis of SOFC; and information on recent commercial developments, government initiatives and subsidies
• Discussion on environmental impact of various types of solid oxide fuel cells
• Market share analysis of the key companies of the industry and coverage of their proprietary technologies, strategic alliances, and other key market strategies and a relevant patent analysis
• Comprehensive company profiles of the leading players, including Bloom Energy, Fuji Electric, H2e Power Systems Inc., Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., Rolls-Royce Fuel Cell Systems and Toyota

Contents

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

Study Goals and Objectives
Scope of Report
What's New in This Update
Information Sources
Methodology
Geographic Breakdown
Analyst's Credentials
BCC Custom Research
Related BCC Research Reports

CHAPTER 2 SUMMARY AND HIGHLIGHTS

CHAPTER 3 MARKET AND TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW

Technical Overview
History of Fuel Cells
Hydrogen Fuel Industry
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Background
SOFC Materials
Recent SOFC Material Developments
SOFC Technology: Current and Developmental Configurations
Market Overview
Value Chain
Government Initiatives to Promote Stationary Fuel Cells

CHAPTER 4 IMPACT OF COVID-19

Combined Heat and Power
Employment
Projects
Auxiliary and Backup Power

CHAPTER 5 MARKET BREAKDOWN BY APPLICATION

Combined Heat and Power
CHP Developments
Power Generation
Recreational Vehicle Power
Anti-Idling APUS
Aircraft APUS
Marine Vessel APUS
Truck APU
Portable Power Unit
Military Applications
Exotic
SOEC
SOFC-T

CHAPTER 6 MARKET BREAKDOWN BY END-USE SEGMENT

Residential
Commercial
Military

CHAPTER 7 MARKET BREAKDOWN BY REGION

APAC
Japan
South Korea
Rest of APAC
North America
United States
Europe
Large-Scale Field Demonstrations
Rest of the World

CHAPTER 8 INDUSTRY STRUCTURE AND COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS

Competition
Conventional Turbine-Based Power Generation
Internal Combustion Engines
Ultracapacitors
Other Fuel Cells
Batteries
Industry Leaders
Market Tiers
Leading CHP SOFC Companies
Leading SOFC Generator, Remote and APU Companies
Leading Military SOFC Companies
Leading Portable SOFC Companies
Leading Exotic SOFC Companies
SOFC Companies that are No Longer Active
Channels of Distribution
Purchasing Influences
Price Influence
Price Trends
Early SOFC Research
Manufacturing Process

CHAPTER 9 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN THE SOFC INDUSTRY

Recent Developments

CHAPTER 10 COMPANY PROFILES

ACUMENTRICS HOLDING CORP.
ADELAN UK LTD.
ALPPS FUEL CELL SYSTEMS
ALSTOM TECHNOLOGY
ALTAIR NANOTECHNOLOGIES INC.
AMERICAN ELEMENTS
ARISTON HOLDING N.V.
BLASCH PRECISION CERAMICS
BLOOM ENERGY
BTU INTERNATIONAL INC.
BTU CHINA
CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (CALTECH)
CERAMATEC INC.
CERES POWER
CHAO ZHOU THREE-CIRCLE (GROUP) CO., LTD.
CHUBU ELECTRIC POWER CO., INC.
CLARA VENTURE LABS
CONVION OY
CUMMINS INC.
DANA INC.
DDI ENERGY
DELPHI AUTOMOTIVE
DOMINOVAS ENERGY CORP.
DOOSAN FUEL CELL
EBZ ENTWICKLUNGS
EDISON ELECTRIC INSTITUTE
ELCOGEN AS
EMPRISE CORP.
ENERGIENED
ENTWICKLUNGS UND VERTRIEBSGESELLSCHAFT BRENNSTOFFZELLE
ENRG INC.
EZELLERON INC.
FEV MOTORENTECHNIK GMBH
FIDERIS
FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH
FUELCELL ENERGY
FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES
FUJI ELECTRIC
FUTURE E FUEL CELL SOLUTIONS GMBH
GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY
GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY PARK
H2E POWER SYSTEMS INC.
HALDOR TOPSOE A/S/TOPSOE FUEL CELL
HC STARCK GMBH
HOSOKAWA POWDER TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
ITN ENERGY SYSTEMS INC.
K-STYLE ADVANCED CERAMICS CO., LTD.
KANSAI ELECTRIC POWER CO., INC.
KERAFOL (INELTRO HALMER ELECTRONICS GMBH)
LILLIPUTIAN SYSTEMS
LOGANENERGY CORP.
MATERIALS & SYSTEMS RESEARCH INC.
MEIDENSHA CORP.
MERIDIAN ENERGY, LTD.
MERLONI TERMOSANITARI SPA (ARISTON THERMO GROUP)
MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.
MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY
NEXCERIS
NGIMAT CO.
NGK INSULATORS LTD.
NIPPON TELEGRAPH & TELEPHONE CORP.
NOAH TECHNOLOGIES CORP.
ONTARIO POWER GENERATION INC.
PLANSEE SE
POHANG IRON AND STEEL COMPANY (POSCO)
POINT SOURCE POWER INC.
PRECISION FLOW TECHNOLOGIES
PRESIDIO COMPONENTS INC.
RAGAN TECHNOLOGIES INC.
ROLLS-ROYCE FUEL CELL SYSTEMS, LTD. (LG FUEL CELL)
REDOX POWER SYSTEMS
RISO DTU NATIONAL LABORATORY
SAFCELL
SAINT-GOBAIN
SANDVIK
SIENERGY SYSTEMS (ALLIED MINDS)
SOLIDPOWER
STAXERA GMBH (SUNFIRE)
SULZER HEXIS AG
SUMITOMO CORP.
TERMINUS ENERGY INC.
TOKYO GAS CO., LTD.
TOTO LTD.
TOYOTA
ULTRA ELECTRONICS AMI
UNIVERSITY OF DAYTON RESEARCH INSTITUTE
VAILLANT GMBH
VERSA POWER SYSTEMS INC.
WATT FUEL CELL CORP.
WEBASTO AG
ZIRCAR ZIRCONIA INC.
ZTEK CORP.

CHAPTER 11 APPENDIX: ACRONYMS AND REPORT SOURCES

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES

Summary Table: Global Market for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, by Scale, Through 2026
Table 1: Hydrogen Production Processes
Table 2: SOFC Comparison with Other Fuel Cells
Table 3: SOFC Anode Frame Cost Summary, 1kW and 5kW, 2017
Table 4: SOFC Anode Frame Cost Summary, 10kW and 25kW, 2017
Table 5: SOFC Cathode Frame Cost Summary, 1kW and 5kW, 2017
Table 6: SOFC Cathode Frame Cost Summary, 10kW and 25kW, 2017
Table 7: Material Properties of Commonly Used SOFC Interconnect Materials
Table 8: SOFC Interconnect Cost Summary, 1kW and 5kW, 2017
Table 9: SOFC Interconnect Cost Summary, 10kW and 25kW, 2017
Table 10: SOFC Gasket Materials
Table 11: SOFC Stack Assembly Cost Summary, 1kW and 5kW, 2017
Table 12: SOFC Stack Manufacturing Cost Summary, 1kW and 5kW, 2017
Table 13: SOFC Stack Manufacturing Cost Summary, 10kW and 25kW, 2017
Table 14: Nippon Shokubai Zirconia SOFC Sheet Specifications
Table 15: Specifications for BLOOM Energy Server
Table 16: Technical Data on Key SOFC Configurations
Table 17: Performance Characteristics of Key SOFC Configurations
Table 18: Key Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Initiatives
Table 19: Global SOFC Market, by Application, Through 2026
Table 20: Global Market for SOFC in CHP Applications, by Region, Through 2026
Table 21: Co-Generation Application and Technologies Used
Table 22: Preliminary Technical Targets: 1-kWe to 10-kWe Residential Combined Heat and Power Fuel Cells Operating on Natural Gas, 2008-2020
Table 23: Preliminary Technical Targets: 1-kWe to 10-kWe Fuel Cell Auxiliary Power Units Operating on Standard Ultralow Sulfur Diesel Fuel, 2008-2020
Table 24: Implementation of SOFC Recommendations, by DOE R&D Program
Table 25: Global Market for SOFC in Power Generation Applications, by Region, Through 2026
Table 26: Commercial Vehicle Production, 2020
Table 27: Global Market for SOFC in Portable Power Units, by Region, Through 2026
Table 28: Global Market for SOFC in Exotic Applications, by Region, Through 2026
Table 29: Advantages and Disadvantages of SOFC/mGT Coupling
Table 30: Typical Fuel Cell Applications
Table 31: Global SOFC Market, by End-Use Segment, Through 2026
Table 32: Global Market for SOFC in the Residential Segment, by Region, Through 2026
Table 33: Global Market for SOFC in the Commercial Segment, by Region, Through 2026
Table 34: Global Market for SOFC in the Military Segment, by Region, Through 2026
Table 35: Global SOFC Market, by Region, Through 2026
Table 36: APAC SOFC Market, by Country, Through 2026
Table 37: APAC SOFC Market, by Application, Through 2026
Table 38: APAC SOFC Market, by End-Use Segment, Through 2026
Table 39: Japan ENE-FARM Units Sold
Table 40: SOFC Manufacturers in Japan
Table 41: South Korea's Power Generation Industry
Table 42: Stationary FC Units in China
Table 43: Organizations Involved in SOFC-Related R&D in India
Table 44: North American SOFC Market, by Application, Through 2026
Table 45: North American SOFC Market, by End-Use Segment, Through 2026
Table 46: Stationary Fuel Cell Installations in the USA
Table 47: Fuel Cell-Based CHP Installations in the USA
Table 48: SOFC Manufacturers in the U.S., May 2019
Table 49: Key SOFC Manufacturers in Europe
Table 50: European SOFC Market, by Application, Through 2026
Table 51: European SOFC Market, by End-Use Segment, Through 2026
Table 52: Deployment Plans for FCH Applications of EU Participating Regions
Table 53: ROW SOFC Market, by Application, Through 2026
Table 54: ROW SOFC Market, by End-Use Segment, Through 2026
Table 55: List of Competing Fuel Cells
Table 56: List of Batteries that Can Compete with SOFC
Table 57: List of SOFC Companies and their Status
Table 58: SOFC Company Shipment Status
Table 59: Leading SOFC CHP Companies
Table 60: Leading SOFC Generator, Remote and APU Companies
Table 61: Leading Military SOFC Companies
Table 62: Leading Portable SOFC Companies
Table 63: Leading Exotic SOFC Companies
Table 64: SOFC Companies No Longer Active
Table 65: SOFC Distribution Channels
Table 66: SOFC Purchasing Influences
Table 67: Summary Statistics of Experts’ Assessments of SOFC System Cost
Table 68: Summary Statistics of Experts’ Assessments of SOFC Stack Cost
Table 69: Recent Developments in the SOFC Market, 2021
Table 70: Publicly Disclosed SOFC Orders and Installations, 2019
Table 71: Bloom Energy: Products Offered
Table 72: Ceres Power: Products Offered
Table 73: Convion OY: SOFC Technology Goals
Table 74: Doosan Fuel Cell: Products Offered
Table 75: Typical Turn-Key SOFC Fuel Cell Test Systems Utilizing the Fideris Innovator Series Modules
Table 76: Hexis Galileo Fuel Cell System
Table 77: Acronyms Used in This Report
Table 78: Report Sources

List Of Figures

LIST OF FIGURES

Summary Figure: Global Market for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, by Scale, 2020-2026
Figure 1: Interconnects in SOFC
Figure 2: Schematic Diagram of SOFC
Figure 3: Plannar SOFC Configuration
Figure 4: Thin-Film SOFC Configuration
Figure 5: Tubular SOFC Configuration
Figure 6: Tubular Cell and Current Path with Siemens Cells Configuration
Figure 7: Tubular Cell and Current Path with a Straight Metal Wire as Current Collector
Figure 8: Current Path in Radial and Axial Direction with a Spring Coil as Current Collector
Figure 9: FuelCell Energy SOFC/T Hybrid System and Torpedo Configuration
Figure 10: Fuel Cell Value Chain
Figure 11: Micro-CHP Value Chain Trend
Figure 12: Large-Scale CHP Value Chain Trend
Figure 13: Overall Impact of COVID-19 on CHP Business
Figure 14: Employees Laid Off or Furloughed Without Pay
Figure 15: Percent of Projects Delayed, for Those Experiencing Delays
Figure 16: Global SOFC Market Share, by Application, 2020
Figure 17: Typical Combustion Engine Based CHP System
Figure 18: Fuel Cell-Based CHP System
Figure 19: SOEC Schematic
Figure 20: Typical SOEC Ecosystem
Figure 21: Basic Concept of Fuel Cell-Gas Turbine Hybrid System
Figure 22: T-SOFC Applications, by Wattage
Figure 23: SOFC Wind Hybrid System
Figure 24: Global SOFC Market Share, by End-Use Segment, 2020
Figure 25: Global Market Share of SOFC in the Residential Segment, by Region, 2020
Figure 26: Global Market Share of SOFC in the Commercial Segment, by Region, 2020
Figure 27: Global Market Share of SOFC in the Military Segment, by Region, 2020
Figure 28: Global SOFC Market, by Region, 2020-2026
Figure 29: APAC SOFC Market, by Country, 2020-2026
Figure 30: APAC SOFC Market Share, by Application, 2020
Figure 31: APAC SOFC Market Share, by Application, 2020
Figure 32: SOFC Unit by Osaka Gas Co., for CHP System
Figure 33: ENE-FARM SOFC-Based Unit Mechanism
Figure 34: ENE-FARM Cost and Subsidies
Figure 35: ENE-FARM Market Look Up, by Type, 2011-2015
Figure 36: SOFC Unit Price, 2011-2019
Figure 37: Strategy and Roadmap of Japan for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells from 2020 to 2030
Figure 38: Cumulative Deployment of Large Scale Stationary Fuel Cells (>200kW) in South Korea
Figure 39: Strategy and Roadmap of South Korea for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells from 2020 to 2035
Figure 40: Fuel Cell Power Generation, by Application, 2019
Figure 41: Project Degradation Mechanism and Long Life Strategy of High Efficiency SOFCs 2018-2023
Figure 42: Cumulative Deployment of Large-Scale Stationary Fuel Cells in the USA, 2007-2017
Figure 43: North American SOFC Market Share, by Application, 2020
Figure 44: North American SOFC Market Share, by End-Use Segment, 2020
Figure 45: Fuel Cell Installations in U.S. as Backup Power, 2016
Figure 46: European SOFC Market Share, by Application, 2020
Figure 47: European SOFC Market Share, by End-Use Segment, 2020
Figure 48: Cumulative Deployment of Large-Scale Stationary Fuel Cells in Europe
Figure 49: ROW SOFC Market Share, by Application, 2020
Figure 50: ROW SOFC Market Share, by End-Use Segment, 2020
Figure 51: Driving Down Costs for Fuel Cells
Figure 52: Experts' Assessment of SOFC System Cost
Figure 53: Experts' Assessment of SOFC Stack Cost
Figure 54: SOFC Manufacturing Tree
Figure 55: SOFC Manufacturing Flow
Figure 56: Bloom Energy: Revenue and Revenue Share, 2020
Figure 57: Doosan Fuel Cell: Revenue, 2019 and 2020
Figure 58: Amperit and Ampergy Powders for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Figure 59: TOTO Ltd.: Fuel Cell Design