Organ-on-a-Chip Market, 2022-2035: Focus on Products and Technologies - Distribution by Type of Product (Organ(s)-based Models and Disease(s)-based Models), Organ Type (Liver on a Chip, Heart on a Chip, Lung on a Chip and Other Organ on a Chip), Application Area (Cancer Research, Drug Discovery and Toxicity Testing, Stem Cell Research and Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine), Purpose (Research and Therapy Development), and Key Geographical Regions (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of the World): Industry Trends and Global Forecasts
The global organ-on-a-chip market is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 21% during the forecast period 2022-2035.
It's widely recognized that a significant portion, around 90%, of therapeutic treatments fail during clinical trials, leading to substantial economic losses in the pharmaceutical industry. One major reason for these failures is the inability to accurately predict how drugs will affect humans during the early stages of development. Relying on animal testing often falls short in predicting human reactions to drugs and identifying potential toxicities. Not only are these clinical trials expensive and time-consuming, but they also raise ethical concerns. To address these challenges, a crucial step was taken in 2021 with the introduction of the FDA Modernization Act in the United States, supported by both Democratic and Republican factions. This legislative initiative aimed to reform the drug approval process by advocating for the use of non-animal testing methods in early evaluations. Additionally, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has announced its intention to stop funding studies involving mammals by 2035. As a result, many pharmaceutical companies are now modernizing their traditional testing methods to overcome the limitations associated with animal models.
Among the innovative technologies gaining momentum, the 'organ-on-chip' system stands out as a promising solution poised to transform the drug discovery process. This advanced technology replicates the human physiological and functional environment within a microfluidic system. The adoption of such cutting-edge testing models for drug discovery and genotoxicity assessments has been steadily increasing, indicating significant market growth in the global organ-on-a-chip sector for the foreseeable future.
Report Coverage
It's widely recognized that a significant portion, around 90%, of therapeutic treatments fail during clinical trials, leading to substantial economic losses in the pharmaceutical industry. One major reason for these failures is the inability to accurately predict how drugs will affect humans during the early stages of development. Relying on animal testing often falls short in predicting human reactions to drugs and identifying potential toxicities. Not only are these clinical trials expensive and time-consuming, but they also raise ethical concerns. To address these challenges, a crucial step was taken in 2021 with the introduction of the FDA Modernization Act in the United States, supported by both Democratic and Republican factions. This legislative initiative aimed to reform the drug approval process by advocating for the use of non-animal testing methods in early evaluations. Additionally, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has announced its intention to stop funding studies involving mammals by 2035. As a result, many pharmaceutical companies are now modernizing their traditional testing methods to overcome the limitations associated with animal models.
Among the innovative technologies gaining momentum, the 'organ-on-chip' system stands out as a promising solution poised to transform the drug discovery process. This advanced technology replicates the human physiological and functional environment within a microfluidic system. The adoption of such cutting-edge testing models for drug discovery and genotoxicity assessments has been steadily increasing, indicating significant market growth in the global organ-on-a-chip sector for the foreseeable future.
Report Coverage
- The report conducts an analysis of the organ-on-a-chip market, examining organ type, application area, purpose, and key geographical regions.
- It assesses factors impacting market growth, including drivers, restraints, opportunities, and challenges.
- The report evaluates potential advantages and hurdles within the market, providing insights into the competitive landscape for top market players.
- Revenue forecasts are provided for market segments across four major regions.
- Organ-on-Chip technology signifies a significant advancement in biomedical research, emulating human organ functions on miniature devices. Its evolution since the early 2000s has seen continuous refinement and innovation, offering precise simulation of organ functions, reproducibility, and potential for high-throughput studies. However, challenges related to complexity and scalability exist. Applications span diverse areas like drug discovery, disease modeling, and personalized medicine. Future prospects indicate sustained growth in adoption and advancements, impacting various healthcare and research sectors.
- A comprehensive market analysis involves examining chips, plates, and systems categorized by organ or disease models. This includes evaluating development status, technology platforms, chip construction materials, compatible tissues/organs, and application areas across research domains such as cancer, drug discovery, stem cell research, and tissue engineering. Notable companies engaged in Organ-on-Chip development, categorized by establishment year, size, and headquarters location, are integral to this analysis.
- Detailed profiles of commercialized Organ-on-Chip entities in North America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific offer insights into company overviews, product portfolios, recent advancements, and future prospects. These profiles detail their contributions, ongoing developments, and anticipated trajectory in the field.
- A comprehensive review of Organ-on-Chip patents filed/granted until 2022 includes analysis on patent types, issuing authorities, organizational involvement, patent characteristics, geographical distribution, and comprehensive patent valuation.
- Brand positioning analysis assesses the market perception of major industry players based on factors like manufacturer experience, product diversity, technological innovations, patent publications, and overall market positioning.
- An exploration of grants awarded to research institutes involved in Organ-on-Chip projects between 2017 and 2022 covers grant details, funding bodies, focus areas, recipient organizations, and geographical distribution.
- An analysis of partnerships established since 2017 among companies focused on developing Organ-on-Chip products and technologies covers various collaboration types, including research agreements, clinical trials, technology integration, and commercialization.
- A study on investments covers funding rounds, debt financing, IPOs, and subsequent offerings at different development stages for start-ups/small companies and mid-sized companies dedicated to Organ-on-Chip technologies.
- A detailed examination of scaffold-free 3D cell culture products encompasses various products, developmental status, system types, fabrication materials, and their applications in research and pharmaceutical testing.
- BEOnchip
- Dynamic42
- Emulate
- Mimetas
- SynVivo
- TissUse
- uFluidix
1. PREFACE
1.1. Overview
1.2. Scope of the Report
1.3. Research Methodology
1.4. Key Questions Answered
1.5. Chapter Outlines
2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
3. INTRODUCTION
3.1. Chapter Overview
3.2. Background of Organ-on-Chip
3.3. Classification of Organ-on-Chip
3.3.1. Single Organ Chip
3.3.2. Disease / Therapeutic Indication Specific Chip
3.3.3. Multi Organ Chip
3.4. Advantages and Limitations of Organ-on-Chip
3.5. Applications of Organ-on-Chip
3.6. Future Perspectives
4. ORGAN-ON-CHIP: MARKET LANDSCAPE
4.1. Chapter Overview
4.2. List of Organ-on-Chip Products and Technologies
4.2.1. Analysis by Type of Offering(s)
4.2.2. Analysis by Type of Model(s)
4.2.3. Analysis by Status of Development
4.2.4. Analysis by Material Used for Construction of Chip or Plate
4.2.5. Analysis by Type of Polymer
4.2.6. Analysis by Compatible Tissue or Organ
4.2.7. Analysis by Application Area(s)
4.2.8. Analysis by Status of Development and Type of Model(s)
4.3. List of Organ on Chip Companies Developing Products and Technology
4.3.1. Analysis by Year of Establishment
4.3.2. Analysis by Company Size
4.3.3. Analysis by Location of Headquarters
4.3.4. Key Players: Analysis by Number of Organ-on-Chip Products and Technologies
5. ORGAN ON CHIP COMPANIES: COMPANY PROFILES
5.1. Chapter Overview
5.2. BEOnChip
5.2.1. Company Overview
5.2.2. Product Portfolio
5.2.3. Recent Developments and Future Outlook
5.3. Dynamic42
5.3.1. Company Overview
5.3.2. Product Portfolio
5.3.3. Recent Developments and Future Outlook
5.4. Emulate
5.4.1. Company Overview
5.4.2. Product Portfolio
5.4.3. Recent Developments and Future Outlook
5.5. Mimetas
5.5.1. Company Overview
5.5.2. Product Portfolio
5.5.3. Recent Developments and Future Outlook
5.6. SynVivo
5.6.1. Company Overview
5.6.2. Product Portfolio
5.6.3. Recent Developments and Future Outlook
5.7 TissUse
5.7.1. Company Overview
5.7.2. Product Portfolio
5.7.3. Recent Developments and Future Outlook
5.8 uFluidix
5.8.1. Company Overview
5.8.2. Product Portfolio
5.8.3. Recent Developments and Future Outlook
6. PATENT ANALYSIS
6.1. Chapter Overview
6.2. Scope and Methodology
6.3. Organ-on-Chip: Patent Analysis
6.3.1. Analysis by Publication Year
6.3.2. Analysis by Type of Patent and Publication Year
6.3.3. Analysis by Type of Organization
6.3.4. Analysis by Geographical Distribution
6.3.5. Analysis by CPC Symbol
6.3.6. Leading Industry Players: Analysis by Number of Patents
6.3.7. Leading Non-Industry Players: Analysis by Number of Patents
6.4. Organ-on-Chip: Analysis by Patent Valuation
6.5. Leading Patents Based on Number of Citations
7. BRAND POSITIONING MATRIX
7.1. Chapter Overview
7.2 Methodology
7.3. Key Parameters
7.4. Organ-on-Chip Product and Technology Developers: Brand Positioning Matrix
7.4.1. Brand Positioning Matrix: SynVivo
7.4.2. Brand Positioning Matrix: BiomimX
7.4.3. Brand Positioning Matrix: NETRI
7.4.4. Brand Positioning Matrix: Emulate
7.4.5. Brand Positioning Matrix: TissUSe
7.4.6. Brand Positioning Matrix: uFluidix
8. ACADEMIC GRANTS ANALYSIS
8.1 Chapter Overview
8.2. Scope and Methodology
8.3. Organ-on-Chip: Academic Grants Analysis
8.3.1. Analysis by Year of Grant Award
8.3.2. Analysis by Amount Awarded
8.3.3. Analysis by Administering Institute Center
8.3.4. Analysis by Support Period
8.3.5. Analysis by Administering Institute Center and Support Period
8.3.6. Analysis by Administering Institute Center and Amount Awarded (USD Million)
8.3.7. Analysis by Type of Grant Application
8.3.8. Analysis by Purpose of Grant
8.3.9. Analysis by Activity Code
8.3.10. Word Cloud Analysis: Emerging Focus Area
8.3.11. Analysis by Study Section Involved
8.3.12. Popular NIH Departments: Analysis by Number of Grants
8.3.13. Analysis by Type of Recipient Organization
8.3.14. Analysis by Support Period and Amount Awarded
8.3.15. Popular Recipient Organizations: Analysis by Number of Grants
8.3.16. Popular Recipient Organizations: Analysis by Amount Awarded
8.3.17. Analysis by Location of Recipient Organization
9. PARTNERSHIPS AND COLLABORATIONS
9.1. Chapter Overview
9.2. Partnership Models
9.3. Organ-on-Chip Products and Technologies: List of Partnerships and Collaborations
9.3.1. Analysis by Year of Partnership
9.3.2. Analysis by Type of Partnership
9.3.3. Analysis by Year and Type of Partnership
9.3.4. Analysis by Type of Organ
9.3.5. Analysis by Type of Partner
9.3.6. Most Active Players: Analysis by Number of Partnerships
9.3.7. Regional Analysis
9.3.8. Intercontinental and Intracontinental Agreements
10. FUNDING AND INVESTMENT ANALYSIS
10.1. Chapter Overview
10.2. Types of Funding
10.3. Organ-on-Chip Products and Technologies: List of Funding and Investments
10.3.1. Analysis by Year of Investment
10.3.2. Analysis by Amount Invested
10.3.3. Analysis by Type of Funding
10.3.4. Analysis by Year and Type of Funding
10.3.5. Analysis by Type of Funding and Amount Invested
10.3.6. Analysis by Purpose of Funding
10.3.7. Analysis by Associated Organ or System
10.3.8. Analysis by Therapeutic Area
10.3.9. Regional Analysis by Amount Invested
10.3.10. Most Active Players: Analysis by Number of Instances
10.3.11. Most Active Players: Analysis by Amount Raised
10.3.12. Key Investors: Analysis by Number of Funding Instances
10.3.13. Concluding Remarks
11. CASE STUDY: SCAFFOLD-FREE 3D CELL CULTURE SYSTEMS
11.1. Chapter Overview
11.2. Scaffold-free Products: Market Landscape
11.2.1. Analysis by Status of Development
11.2.2. Analysis by Type of System
11.2.3. Analysis by Type of Product
11.2.4. Analysis by Material Used for Fabrication
11.2.5. Analysis by Type of System and Material Used for Fabrication
11.3. Scaffold Free Products: Developer Landscape
11.3.1. Analysis by Year of Establishment
11.3.2. Analysis by Company Size
11.3.3. Analysis by Location of Headquarters
12. ORGAN-ON-CHIP: MARKET FORECAST AND OPPORTUNITY ANALYSIS
12.1. Chapter Overview
12.2. Forecast Methodology and Key Assumptions
12.3. Global Organ-on-Chip Market, 2022-2035
12.3.1. Global Organ-on-Chip Market, 2022-2035: Distribution by Type of Product
12.3.1.1. Organ-on-Chip Market for Multi-Organ / Organ-based Products, 2022-2035
12.3.1.2. Organ-on-Chip Market for Disease / Therapeutic-based Products, 2022-2035
12.3.2. Global Organ-on-Chip Market, 2022-2035: Distribution by Application Area
12.3.2.1. Organ-on-Chip Market for Drug Discovery and Toxicity Testing, 2022-2035
12.3.2.2. Organ-on-Chip Market for Cancer Research, 2022-2035
12.3.2.3. Organ-on-Chip Market for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, 2022-2035
12.3.2.4. Organ-on-Chip Market for Stem Cell Research, 2022-2035
12.3.3. Global Organ-on-Chip Market, 2022-2035: Distribution by Purpose
12.3.3.1. Organ-on-Chip Market for Research Use, 2022-2035
12.3.3.2. Organ-on-Chip Market for Therapy Development, 2022-2035
12.3.4. Global Organ-on-Chip Market, 2022-2035: Distribution by Key Geographical Regions
12.3.4.1. Organ-on-Chip Market in North America, 2022-2035
12.3.4.2. Organ-on-Chip Market in Europe, 2022-2035
12.3.4.3. Organ-on-Chip Market in Asia-Pacific, 2022-2035
12.3.4.4. Organ-on-Chip Market in Rest of the World, 2022-2035
13. CONCLUSION
14. EXECUTIVE INSIGHTS
14.1. Chapter Overview
14.2. Cherry Biotech
14.2.1. Company Snapshot
14.2.2. Interview Transcript: Pierre Gaudriault, Chief Business Development Officer
14.3. EDmicBio
14.3.1. Company Snapshot
14.3.2. Interview Transcript: Matt Dong-Heon Ha, Chief Executive Officer
14.4. Hesperos
14.4.1. Company Snapshot
14.4.2. Interview Transcript: Michael Shuler, President
14.5. Lena Biosciences
14.5.1. Company Snapshot
14.5.2. Interview Transcript: Jelena Vukasinovic, Chief Executive Officer
14.6. react4life
14.6.1. Company Snapshot
14.6.2. Interview Transcript: Maurizio Aiello, Chief Executive Officer
14.7. Screenin3D
14.7.1. Company Snapshot
14.7.2. Interview Transcript: Michele Zagnoni, Chief Executive Officer
15. APPENDIX 1: TABULATED DATA
16. APPENDIX 2: LIST OF COMPANIES AND ORGANIZATIONS
1.1. Overview
1.2. Scope of the Report
1.3. Research Methodology
1.4. Key Questions Answered
1.5. Chapter Outlines
2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
3. INTRODUCTION
3.1. Chapter Overview
3.2. Background of Organ-on-Chip
3.3. Classification of Organ-on-Chip
3.3.1. Single Organ Chip
3.3.2. Disease / Therapeutic Indication Specific Chip
3.3.3. Multi Organ Chip
3.4. Advantages and Limitations of Organ-on-Chip
3.5. Applications of Organ-on-Chip
3.6. Future Perspectives
4. ORGAN-ON-CHIP: MARKET LANDSCAPE
4.1. Chapter Overview
4.2. List of Organ-on-Chip Products and Technologies
4.2.1. Analysis by Type of Offering(s)
4.2.2. Analysis by Type of Model(s)
4.2.3. Analysis by Status of Development
4.2.4. Analysis by Material Used for Construction of Chip or Plate
4.2.5. Analysis by Type of Polymer
4.2.6. Analysis by Compatible Tissue or Organ
4.2.7. Analysis by Application Area(s)
4.2.8. Analysis by Status of Development and Type of Model(s)
4.3. List of Organ on Chip Companies Developing Products and Technology
4.3.1. Analysis by Year of Establishment
4.3.2. Analysis by Company Size
4.3.3. Analysis by Location of Headquarters
4.3.4. Key Players: Analysis by Number of Organ-on-Chip Products and Technologies
5. ORGAN ON CHIP COMPANIES: COMPANY PROFILES
5.1. Chapter Overview
5.2. BEOnChip
5.2.1. Company Overview
5.2.2. Product Portfolio
5.2.3. Recent Developments and Future Outlook
5.3. Dynamic42
5.3.1. Company Overview
5.3.2. Product Portfolio
5.3.3. Recent Developments and Future Outlook
5.4. Emulate
5.4.1. Company Overview
5.4.2. Product Portfolio
5.4.3. Recent Developments and Future Outlook
5.5. Mimetas
5.5.1. Company Overview
5.5.2. Product Portfolio
5.5.3. Recent Developments and Future Outlook
5.6. SynVivo
5.6.1. Company Overview
5.6.2. Product Portfolio
5.6.3. Recent Developments and Future Outlook
5.7 TissUse
5.7.1. Company Overview
5.7.2. Product Portfolio
5.7.3. Recent Developments and Future Outlook
5.8 uFluidix
5.8.1. Company Overview
5.8.2. Product Portfolio
5.8.3. Recent Developments and Future Outlook
6. PATENT ANALYSIS
6.1. Chapter Overview
6.2. Scope and Methodology
6.3. Organ-on-Chip: Patent Analysis
6.3.1. Analysis by Publication Year
6.3.2. Analysis by Type of Patent and Publication Year
6.3.3. Analysis by Type of Organization
6.3.4. Analysis by Geographical Distribution
6.3.5. Analysis by CPC Symbol
6.3.6. Leading Industry Players: Analysis by Number of Patents
6.3.7. Leading Non-Industry Players: Analysis by Number of Patents
6.4. Organ-on-Chip: Analysis by Patent Valuation
6.5. Leading Patents Based on Number of Citations
7. BRAND POSITIONING MATRIX
7.1. Chapter Overview
7.2 Methodology
7.3. Key Parameters
7.4. Organ-on-Chip Product and Technology Developers: Brand Positioning Matrix
7.4.1. Brand Positioning Matrix: SynVivo
7.4.2. Brand Positioning Matrix: BiomimX
7.4.3. Brand Positioning Matrix: NETRI
7.4.4. Brand Positioning Matrix: Emulate
7.4.5. Brand Positioning Matrix: TissUSe
7.4.6. Brand Positioning Matrix: uFluidix
8. ACADEMIC GRANTS ANALYSIS
8.1 Chapter Overview
8.2. Scope and Methodology
8.3. Organ-on-Chip: Academic Grants Analysis
8.3.1. Analysis by Year of Grant Award
8.3.2. Analysis by Amount Awarded
8.3.3. Analysis by Administering Institute Center
8.3.4. Analysis by Support Period
8.3.5. Analysis by Administering Institute Center and Support Period
8.3.6. Analysis by Administering Institute Center and Amount Awarded (USD Million)
8.3.7. Analysis by Type of Grant Application
8.3.8. Analysis by Purpose of Grant
8.3.9. Analysis by Activity Code
8.3.10. Word Cloud Analysis: Emerging Focus Area
8.3.11. Analysis by Study Section Involved
8.3.12. Popular NIH Departments: Analysis by Number of Grants
8.3.13. Analysis by Type of Recipient Organization
8.3.14. Analysis by Support Period and Amount Awarded
8.3.15. Popular Recipient Organizations: Analysis by Number of Grants
8.3.16. Popular Recipient Organizations: Analysis by Amount Awarded
8.3.17. Analysis by Location of Recipient Organization
9. PARTNERSHIPS AND COLLABORATIONS
9.1. Chapter Overview
9.2. Partnership Models
9.3. Organ-on-Chip Products and Technologies: List of Partnerships and Collaborations
9.3.1. Analysis by Year of Partnership
9.3.2. Analysis by Type of Partnership
9.3.3. Analysis by Year and Type of Partnership
9.3.4. Analysis by Type of Organ
9.3.5. Analysis by Type of Partner
9.3.6. Most Active Players: Analysis by Number of Partnerships
9.3.7. Regional Analysis
9.3.8. Intercontinental and Intracontinental Agreements
10. FUNDING AND INVESTMENT ANALYSIS
10.1. Chapter Overview
10.2. Types of Funding
10.3. Organ-on-Chip Products and Technologies: List of Funding and Investments
10.3.1. Analysis by Year of Investment
10.3.2. Analysis by Amount Invested
10.3.3. Analysis by Type of Funding
10.3.4. Analysis by Year and Type of Funding
10.3.5. Analysis by Type of Funding and Amount Invested
10.3.6. Analysis by Purpose of Funding
10.3.7. Analysis by Associated Organ or System
10.3.8. Analysis by Therapeutic Area
10.3.9. Regional Analysis by Amount Invested
10.3.10. Most Active Players: Analysis by Number of Instances
10.3.11. Most Active Players: Analysis by Amount Raised
10.3.12. Key Investors: Analysis by Number of Funding Instances
10.3.13. Concluding Remarks
11. CASE STUDY: SCAFFOLD-FREE 3D CELL CULTURE SYSTEMS
11.1. Chapter Overview
11.2. Scaffold-free Products: Market Landscape
11.2.1. Analysis by Status of Development
11.2.2. Analysis by Type of System
11.2.3. Analysis by Type of Product
11.2.4. Analysis by Material Used for Fabrication
11.2.5. Analysis by Type of System and Material Used for Fabrication
11.3. Scaffold Free Products: Developer Landscape
11.3.1. Analysis by Year of Establishment
11.3.2. Analysis by Company Size
11.3.3. Analysis by Location of Headquarters
12. ORGAN-ON-CHIP: MARKET FORECAST AND OPPORTUNITY ANALYSIS
12.1. Chapter Overview
12.2. Forecast Methodology and Key Assumptions
12.3. Global Organ-on-Chip Market, 2022-2035
12.3.1. Global Organ-on-Chip Market, 2022-2035: Distribution by Type of Product
12.3.1.1. Organ-on-Chip Market for Multi-Organ / Organ-based Products, 2022-2035
12.3.1.2. Organ-on-Chip Market for Disease / Therapeutic-based Products, 2022-2035
12.3.2. Global Organ-on-Chip Market, 2022-2035: Distribution by Application Area
12.3.2.1. Organ-on-Chip Market for Drug Discovery and Toxicity Testing, 2022-2035
12.3.2.2. Organ-on-Chip Market for Cancer Research, 2022-2035
12.3.2.3. Organ-on-Chip Market for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, 2022-2035
12.3.2.4. Organ-on-Chip Market for Stem Cell Research, 2022-2035
12.3.3. Global Organ-on-Chip Market, 2022-2035: Distribution by Purpose
12.3.3.1. Organ-on-Chip Market for Research Use, 2022-2035
12.3.3.2. Organ-on-Chip Market for Therapy Development, 2022-2035
12.3.4. Global Organ-on-Chip Market, 2022-2035: Distribution by Key Geographical Regions
12.3.4.1. Organ-on-Chip Market in North America, 2022-2035
12.3.4.2. Organ-on-Chip Market in Europe, 2022-2035
12.3.4.3. Organ-on-Chip Market in Asia-Pacific, 2022-2035
12.3.4.4. Organ-on-Chip Market in Rest of the World, 2022-2035
13. CONCLUSION
14. EXECUTIVE INSIGHTS
14.1. Chapter Overview
14.2. Cherry Biotech
14.2.1. Company Snapshot
14.2.2. Interview Transcript: Pierre Gaudriault, Chief Business Development Officer
14.3. EDmicBio
14.3.1. Company Snapshot
14.3.2. Interview Transcript: Matt Dong-Heon Ha, Chief Executive Officer
14.4. Hesperos
14.4.1. Company Snapshot
14.4.2. Interview Transcript: Michael Shuler, President
14.5. Lena Biosciences
14.5.1. Company Snapshot
14.5.2. Interview Transcript: Jelena Vukasinovic, Chief Executive Officer
14.6. react4life
14.6.1. Company Snapshot
14.6.2. Interview Transcript: Maurizio Aiello, Chief Executive Officer
14.7. Screenin3D
14.7.1. Company Snapshot
14.7.2. Interview Transcript: Michele Zagnoni, Chief Executive Officer
15. APPENDIX 1: TABULATED DATA
16. APPENDIX 2: LIST OF COMPANIES AND ORGANIZATIONS
