Material Jetting (MJ) Market - Global Outlook and Forecast 2021-2027

January 2021 | 90 pages | ID: M4D27BE315F2EN
Market Monitor Global

Abstracts

This report contains market size and forecasts of Material Jetting (MJ) in global, including the following market information:
Global Material Jetting (MJ) Market Revenue, 2016-2021, 2022-2027, ($ millions)
Global Material Jetting (MJ) Market Sales, 2016-2021, 2022-2027, (K Units)
Global top five Material Jetting (MJ) companies in 2020 (%)
The global Material Jetting (MJ) market was valued at 93 million in 2020 and is projected to reach US$ 111.6 million by 2027, at a CAGR of 4.8% during the forecast period.
MARKET MONITOR GLOBAL, INC (MMG) has surveyed the Material Jetting (MJ) manufacturers, suppliers, distributors and industry experts on this industry, involving the sales, revenue, demand, price change, product type, recent development and plan, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.

Total Market by Segment:

Global Material Jetting (MJ) Market, By Type, 2016-2021, 2022-2027 ($ Millions) & (K Units)
Global Material Jetting (MJ) Market Segment Percentages, By Type, 2020 (%)

• Polymer Jetting
• Metal Jetting

Global Material Jetting (MJ) Market, By Application, 2016-2021, 2022-2027 ($ Millions) & (K Units)
Global Material Jetting (MJ) Market Segment Percentages, By Application, 2020 (%)

• Medical
• Jewelry
• Industrial Tools
• Automotive

Global Material Jetting (MJ) Market, By Region and Country, 2016-2021, 2022-2027 ($ Millions) & (K Units)
Global Material Jetting (MJ) Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2020 (%)

• North America
• US
• Canada
• Mexico
• Europe
• Germany
• France
• U.K.
• Italy
• Russia
• Nordic Countries
• Benelux
• Rest of Europe
• Asia
• China
• Japan
• South Korea
• Southeast Asia
• India
• Rest of Asia
• South America
• Brazil
• Argentina
• Rest of South America
• Middle East & Africa
• Turkey
• Israel
• Saudi Arabia
• UAE
• Rest of Middle East & Africa

Competitor Analysis

The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:

Key companies Material Jetting (MJ) revenues in global market, 2016-2021 (Estimated), ($ millions)
Key companies Material Jetting (MJ) revenues share in global market, 2020 (%)
Key companies Material Jetting (MJ) sales in global market, 2016-2021 (Estimated), (K Units)
Key companies Material Jetting (MJ) sales share in global market, 2020 (%)
Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:

• Stratasys
• 3D Systems
• Keyence
• HP
• Vader Systems
• Xjet

Contents

1 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH & ANALYSIS REPORTS

1.1 Material Jetting (MJ) Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
  1.2.1 Market by Type
  1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Material Jetting (MJ) Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
  1.5.1 Research Methodology
  1.5.2 Research Process
  1.5.3 Base Year
  1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats

2 GLOBAL MATERIAL JETTING (MJ) OVERALL MARKET SIZE

2.1 Global Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size: 2021 VS 2027
2.2 Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2016-2027
2.3 Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales (Consumption): 2016-2027

3 COMPANY LANDSCAPE

3.1 Top Material Jetting (MJ) Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Material Jetting (MJ) Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Material Jetting (MJ) Price by Manufacturer (2016-2021)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Material Jetting (MJ) Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2020
3.7 Global Manufacturers Material Jetting (MJ) Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Material Jetting (MJ) Players in Global Market
  3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Material Jetting (MJ) Companies
  3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Material Jetting (MJ) Companies

4 SIGHTS BY PRODUCT

4.1 Overview
  4.1.1 By Type - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size Markets, 2021 & 2027
  4.1.2 Polymer Jetting
  4.1.3 Metal Jetting
4.2 By Type - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue & Forecasts
  4.2.1 By Type - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, 2016-2021
  4.2.2 By Type - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, 2022-2027
  4.2.3 By Type - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
4.3 By Type - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales & Forecasts
  4.3.1 By Type - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, 2016-2021
  4.3.2 By Type - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, 2022-2027
  4.3.3 By Type - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
4.4 By Type - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2016-2027

5 SIGHTS BY APPLICATION

5.1 Overview
  5.1.1 By Application - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2021 & 2027
  5.1.2 Medical
  5.1.3 Jewelry
  5.1.4 Industrial Tools
  5.1.5 Automotive
5.2 By Application - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue & Forecasts
  5.2.1 By Application - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, 2016-2021
  5.2.2 By Application - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, 2022-2027
  5.2.3 By Application - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
5.3 By Application - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales & Forecasts
  5.3.1 By Application - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, 2016-2021
  5.3.2 By Application - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, 2022-2027
  5.3.3 By Application - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
5.4 By Application - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2016-2027

6 SIGHTS BY REGION

6.1 By Region - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2021 & 2027
6.2 By Region - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue & Forecasts
  6.2.1 By Region - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, 2016-2021
  6.2.2 By Region - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, 2022-2027
  6.2.3 By Region - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
6.3 By Region - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales & Forecasts
  6.3.1 By Region - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, 2016-2021
  6.3.2 By Region - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, 2022-2027
  6.3.3 By Region - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
6.4 North America
  6.4.1 By Country - North America Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, 2016-2027
  6.4.2 By Country - North America Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, 2016-2027
  6.4.3 US Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.4.4 Canada Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.4.5 Mexico Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027
6.5 Europe
  6.5.1 By Country - Europe Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, 2016-2027
  6.5.2 By Country - Europe Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, 2016-2027
  6.5.3 Germany Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.5.4 France Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.5.5 U.K. Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.5.6 Italy Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.5.7 Russia Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.5.8 Nordic Countries Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.5.9 Benelux Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027
6.6 Asia
  6.6.1 By Region - Asia Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, 2016-2027
  6.6.2 By Region - Asia Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, 2016-2027
  6.6.3 China Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.6.4 Japan Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.6.5 South Korea Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.6.6 Southeast Asia Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.6.7 India Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027
6.7 South America
  6.7.1 By Country - South America Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, 2016-2027
  6.7.2 By Country - South America Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, 2016-2027
  6.7.3 Brazil Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.7.4 Argentina Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027
6.8 Middle East & Africa
  6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, 2016-2027
  6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, 2016-2027
  6.8.3 Turkey Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.8.4 Israel Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027
  6.8.6 UAE Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size, 2016-2027

7 MANUFACTURERS & BRANDS PROFILES

7.1 Stratasys
  7.1.1 Stratasys Corporate Summary
  7.1.2 Stratasys Business Overview
  7.1.3 Stratasys Material Jetting (MJ) Major Product Offerings
  7.1.4 Stratasys Material Jetting (MJ) Sales and Revenue in Global (2016-2021)
  7.1.5 Stratasys Key News
7.2 3D Systems
  7.2.1 3D Systems Corporate Summary
  7.2.2 3D Systems Business Overview
  7.2.3 3D Systems Material Jetting (MJ) Major Product Offerings
  7.2.4 3D Systems Material Jetting (MJ) Sales and Revenue in Global (2016-2021)
  7.2.5 3D Systems Key News
7.3 Keyence
  7.3.1 Keyence Corporate Summary
  7.3.2 Keyence Business Overview
  7.3.3 Keyence Material Jetting (MJ) Major Product Offerings
  7.3.4 Keyence Material Jetting (MJ) Sales and Revenue in Global (2016-2021)
  7.3.5 Keyence Key News
7.4 HP
  7.4.1 HP Corporate Summary
  7.4.2 HP Business Overview
  7.4.3 HP Material Jetting (MJ) Major Product Offerings
  7.4.4 HP Material Jetting (MJ) Sales and Revenue in Global (2016-2021)
  7.4.5 HP Key News
7.5 Vader Systems
  7.5.1 Vader Systems Corporate Summary
  7.5.2 Vader Systems Business Overview
  7.5.3 Vader Systems Material Jetting (MJ) Major Product Offerings
  7.5.4 Vader Systems Material Jetting (MJ) Sales and Revenue in Global (2016-2021)
  7.5.5 Vader Systems Key News
7.6 Xjet
  7.6.1 Xjet Corporate Summary
  7.6.2 Xjet Business Overview
  7.6.3 Xjet Material Jetting (MJ) Major Product Offerings
  7.6.4 Xjet Material Jetting (MJ) Sales and Revenue in Global (2016-2021)
  7.6.5 Xjet Key News

8 GLOBAL MATERIAL JETTING (MJ) PRODUCTION CAPACITY, ANALYSIS

8.1 Global Material Jetting (MJ) Production Capacity, 2016-2027
8.2 Material Jetting (MJ) Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Material Jetting (MJ) Production by Region

9 KEY MARKET TRENDS, OPPORTUNITY, DRIVERS AND RESTRAINTS

9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints

10 MATERIAL JETTING (MJ) SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS

10.1 Material Jetting (MJ) Industry Value Chain
10.2 Material Jetting (MJ) Upstream Market
10.3 Material Jetting (MJ) Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
  10.4.1 Marketing Channels
  10.4.2 Material Jetting (MJ) Distributors and Sales Agents in Global

11 CONCLUSION

12 APPENDIX

12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Key Players of Material Jetting (MJ) in Global Market
Table 2. Top Material Jetting (MJ) Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2019)
Table 3. Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 4. Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue Share by Companies, 2016-2021
Table 5. Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales by Companies, (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 6. Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales Share by Companies, 2016-2021
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Material Jetting (MJ) Price (2016-2021) & (USD/Unit)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Material Jetting (MJ) Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Material Jetting (MJ) Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2020 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Material Jetting (MJ) Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2020 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type – Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2027
Table 12. By Type - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 13. By Type - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue (US$, Mn), 2022-2027
Table 14. By Type - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 15. By Type - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales (K Units), 2022-2027
Table 16. By Application – Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2027
Table 17. By Application - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 18. By Application - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue (US$, Mn), 2022-2027
Table 19. By Application - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 20. By Application - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales (K Units), 2022-2027
Table 21. By Region – Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2027
Table 22. By Region - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 23. By Region - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue (US$, Mn), 2022-2027
Table 24. By Region - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 25. By Region - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales (K Units), 2022-2027
Table 26. By Country - North America Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 27. By Country - North America Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022-2027
Table 28. By Country - North America Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 29. By Country - North America Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, (K Units), 2022-2027
Table 30. By Country - Europe Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 31. By Country - Europe Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022-2027
Table 32. By Country - Europe Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 33. By Country - Europe Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, (K Units), 2022-2027
Table 34. By Region - Asia Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 35. By Region - Asia Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022-2027
Table 36. By Region - Asia Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 37. By Region - Asia Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, (K Units), 2022-2027
Table 38. By Country - South America Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 39. By Country - South America Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022-2027
Table 40. By Country - South America Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 41. By Country - South America Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, (K Units), 2022-2027
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2021
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2022-2027
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, (K Units), 2016-2021
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Material Jetting (MJ) Sales, (K Units), 2022-2027
Table 46. Stratasys Corporate Summary
Table 47. Stratasys Material Jetting (MJ) Product Offerings
Table 48. Stratasys Material Jetting (MJ) Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 49. 3D Systems Corporate Summary
Table 50. 3D Systems Material Jetting (MJ) Product Offerings
Table 51. 3D Systems Material Jetting (MJ) Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 52. Keyence Corporate Summary
Table 53. Keyence Material Jetting (MJ) Product Offerings
Table 54. Keyence Material Jetting (MJ) Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 55. HP Corporate Summary
Table 56. HP Material Jetting (MJ) Product Offerings
Table 57. HP Material Jetting (MJ) Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 58. Vader Systems Corporate Summary
Table 59. Vader Systems Material Jetting (MJ) Product Offerings
Table 60. Vader Systems Material Jetting (MJ) Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 61. Xjet Corporate Summary
Table 62. Xjet Material Jetting (MJ) Product Offerings
Table 63. Xjet Material Jetting (MJ) Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2016-2021)
Table 64. Material Jetting (MJ) Production Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2019-2021 (K Units)
Table 65. Global Material Jetting (MJ) Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2019-2021
Table 66. Global Material Jetting (MJ) Production by Region, 2016-2021 (K Units)
Table 67. Global Material Jetting (MJ) Production by Region, 2022-2027 (K Units)
Table 68. Material Jetting (MJ) Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 69. Material Jetting (MJ) Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 70. Material Jetting (MJ) Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 71. Material Jetting (MJ) Raw Materials
Table 72. Material Jetting (MJ) Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 73. Typical Material Jetting (MJ) Downstream
Table 74. Material Jetting (MJ) Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 75. Material Jetting (MJ) Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market

List Of Figures

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Material Jetting (MJ) Segment by Type
Figure 2. Material Jetting (MJ) Segment by Application
Figure 3. Global Material Jetting (MJ) Market Overview: 2020
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Material Jetting (MJ) Market Size: 2021 VS 2027 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, 2016-2027 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Material Jetting (MJ) Sales in Global Market: 2016-2027 (K Units)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue in 2020
Figure 9. By Type - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 10. By Type - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 11. By Type - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Price (USD/Unit), 2016-2027
Figure 12. By Application - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 13. By Application - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 14. By Application - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Price (USD/Unit), 2016-2027
Figure 15. By Region - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 16. By Region - Global Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 17. By Country - North America Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 18. By Country - North America Material Jetting (MJ) Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 19. US Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 20. Canada Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 21. Mexico Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 22. By Country - Europe Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 23. By Country - Europe Material Jetting (MJ) Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 24. Germany Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 25. France Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 26. U.K. Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 27. Italy Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 28. Russia Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 29. Nordic Countries Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 30. Benelux Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 31. By Region - Asia Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 32. By Region - Asia Material Jetting (MJ) Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 33. China Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 34. Japan Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 35. South Korea Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 36. Southeast Asia Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 37. India Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 38. By Country - South America Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 39. By Country - South America Material Jetting (MJ) Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 40. Brazil Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 41. Argentina Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Material Jetting (MJ) Sales Market Share, 2016-2027
Figure 44. Turkey Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 45. Israel Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 46. Saudi Arabia Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 47. UAE Material Jetting (MJ) Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2016-2027
Figure 48. Global Material Jetting (MJ) Production Capacity (K Units), 2016-2027
Figure 49. The Percentage of Production Material Jetting (MJ) by Region, 2020 VS 2027
Figure 50. Material Jetting (MJ) Industry Value Chain
Figure 51. Marketing Channels