Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Research Report with Opportunities and Strategies to Boost Growth- COVID-19 Impact and Recovery

November 2021 | 115 pages | ID: GB4EF94B19D8EN
Maia Research

Abstracts

Based on the Solar Led Garden Light market development status, competitive landscape and development model in different regions of the world, this report is dedicated to providing niche markets, potential risks and comprehensive competitive strategy analysis in different fields. From the competitive advantages of different types of products and services, the development opportunities and consumption characteristics and structure analysis of the downstream application fields are all analyzed in detail. To Boost Growth during the epidemic era, this report analyzes in detail for the potential risks and opportunities which can be focused on.

In Chapter 2.4 of the report, we share our perspectives for the impact of COVID-19 from the long and short term.
In chapter 3.4, we provide the influence of the crisis on the industry chain, especially for marketing channels.
In chapters 8-13, we update the timely industry economic revitalization plan of the country-wise government.

Key players in the global Solar Led Garden Light market covered in Chapter 5:
Liaoyuan Lighting
Kingsun
Spark
Shenzhen Sunnysam Technology Co., Ltd.
Philips
GE
SFT
Panasonic
Honland Group
OSRAM

In Chapter 6, on the basis of types, the Solar Led Garden Light market from 2015 to 2025 is primarily split into:
White Light
Yellow Light

In Chapter 7, on the basis of applications, the Solar Led Garden Light market from 2015 to 2025 covers:
Garden
Street
Urban Trunk Road

Geographically, the detailed analysis of consumption, revenue, market share and growth rate, historic and forecast (2015-2025) of the following regions are covered in Chapter 8-13:
North America (Covered in Chapter 9)
United States
Canada
Mexico
Europe (Covered in Chapter 10)
Germany
UK
France
Italy
Spain
Russia
Others
Asia-Pacific (Covered in Chapter 11)
China
Japan
South Korea
Australia
India
South America (Covered in Chapter 12)
Brazil
Argentina
Columbia
Middle East and Africa (Covered in Chapter 13)
UAE
Egypt
South Africa

Years considered for this report:
Historical Years: 2015-2019
Base Year: 2019
Estimated Year: 2020
Forecast Period: 2020-2025

Contents

1 MARKET OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Definition and Market Characteristics
1.2 Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Size
1.3 Market Segmentation
1.4 Global Macroeconomic Analysis
1.5 SWOT Analysis

2. MARKET DYNAMICS

2.1 Market Drivers
2.2 Market Constraints and Challenges
2.3 Emerging Market Trends
2.4 Impact of COVID-19
  2.4.1 Short-term Impact
  2.4.2 Long-term Impact

3 ASSOCIATED INDUSTRY ASSESSMENT

3.1 Supply Chain Analysis
3.2 Industry Active Participants
  3.2.1 Suppliers of Raw Materials
  3.2.2 Key Distributors/Retailers
3.3 Alternative Analysis
3.4 The Impact of Covid-19 From the Perspective of Industry Chain

4 MARKET COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

4.1 Industry Leading Players
4.2 Industry News
  4.2.1 Key Product Launch News
  4.2.2 M&A and Expansion Plans

5 ANALYSIS OF LEADING COMPANIES

5.1 Liaoyuan Lighting
  5.1.1 Liaoyuan Lighting Company Profile
  5.1.2 Liaoyuan Lighting Business Overview
  5.1.3 Liaoyuan Lighting Solar Led Garden Light Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.1.4 Liaoyuan Lighting Solar Led Garden Light Products Introduction
5.2 Kingsun
  5.2.1 Kingsun Company Profile
  5.2.2 Kingsun Business Overview
  5.2.3 Kingsun Solar Led Garden Light Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.2.4 Kingsun Solar Led Garden Light Products Introduction
5.3 Spark
  5.3.1 Spark Company Profile
  5.3.2 Spark Business Overview
  5.3.3 Spark Solar Led Garden Light Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.3.4 Spark Solar Led Garden Light Products Introduction
5.4 Shenzhen Sunnysam Technology Co., Ltd.
  5.4.1 Shenzhen Sunnysam Technology Co., Ltd. Company Profile
  5.4.2 Shenzhen Sunnysam Technology Co., Ltd. Business Overview
  5.4.3 Shenzhen Sunnysam Technology Co., Ltd. Solar Led Garden Light Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.4.4 Shenzhen Sunnysam Technology Co., Ltd. Solar Led Garden Light Products Introduction
5.5 Philips
  5.5.1 Philips Company Profile
  5.5.2 Philips Business Overview
  5.5.3 Philips Solar Led Garden Light Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.5.4 Philips Solar Led Garden Light Products Introduction
5.6 GE
  5.6.1 GE Company Profile
  5.6.2 GE Business Overview
  5.6.3 GE Solar Led Garden Light Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.6.4 GE Solar Led Garden Light Products Introduction
5.7 SFT
  5.7.1 SFT Company Profile
  5.7.2 SFT Business Overview
  5.7.3 SFT Solar Led Garden Light Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.7.4 SFT Solar Led Garden Light Products Introduction
5.8 Panasonic
  5.8.1 Panasonic Company Profile
  5.8.2 Panasonic Business Overview
  5.8.3 Panasonic Solar Led Garden Light Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.8.4 Panasonic Solar Led Garden Light Products Introduction
5.9 Honland Group
  5.9.1 Honland Group Company Profile
  5.9.2 Honland Group Business Overview
  5.9.3 Honland Group Solar Led Garden Light Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.9.4 Honland Group Solar Led Garden Light Products Introduction
5.10 OSRAM
  5.10.1 OSRAM Company Profile
  5.10.2 OSRAM Business Overview
  5.10.3 OSRAM Solar Led Garden Light Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.10.4 OSRAM Solar Led Garden Light Products Introduction

6 MARKET ANALYSIS AND FORECAST, BY PRODUCT TYPES

6.1 Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
  6.1.1 Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
  6.1.2 Global Solar Led Garden Light Revenue and Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
  6.1.3 Global Solar Led Garden Light Price by Types (2015-2020)
6.2 Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast by Types (2020-2025)
  6.2.1 Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Sales and Market Share by Types (2020-2025)
  6.2.2 Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Revenue and Market Share by Types (2020-2025)
6.3 Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales, Price and Growth Rate by Types (2015-2020)
  6.3.1 Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales, Price and Growth Rate of White Light
  6.3.2 Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales, Price and Growth Rate of Yellow Light
6.4 Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Revenue and Sales Forecast, by Types (2020-2025)
  6.4.1 White Light Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
  6.4.2 Yellow Light Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)

7 MARKET ANALYSIS AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATIONS

7.1 Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
  7.1.1 Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
  7.1.2 Global Solar Led Garden Light Revenue and Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
7.2 Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast by Applications (2020-2025)
  7.2.1 Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Sales and Market Share by Applications (2020-2025)
  7.2.2 Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Revenue and Market Share by Applications (2020-2025)
7.3 Global Revenue, Sales and Growth Rate by Applications (2015-2020)
  7.3.1 Global Solar Led Garden Light Revenue, Sales and Growth Rate of Garden (2015-2020)
  7.3.2 Global Solar Led Garden Light Revenue, Sales and Growth Rate of Street (2015-2020)
  7.3.3 Global Solar Led Garden Light Revenue, Sales and Growth Rate of Urban Trunk Road (2015-2020)
7.4 Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Revenue and Sales Forecast, by Applications (2020-2025)
  7.4.1 Garden Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
  7.4.2 Street Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
  7.4.3 Urban Trunk Road Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)

8 MARKET ANALYSIS AND FORECAST, BY REGIONS

8.1 Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales by Regions (2015-2020)
8.2 Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Revenue by Regions (2015-2020)
8.3 Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast by Regions (2020-2025)

9 NORTH AMERICA SOLAR LED GARDEN LIGHT MARKET ANALYSIS

9.1 Market Overview and Prospect Analysis
9.2 North America Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
9.3 North America Solar Led Garden Light Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
9.4 North America Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast
9.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on North America Market
9.6 North America Solar Led Garden Light Market Analysis by Country
  9.6.1 U.S. Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate
  9.6.2 Canada Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate
  9.6.3 Mexico Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate

10 EUROPE SOLAR LED GARDEN LIGHT MARKET ANALYSIS

10.1 Market Overview and Prospect Analysis
10.2 Europe Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
10.3 Europe Solar Led Garden Light Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
10.4 Europe Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast
10.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on Europe Market
10.6 Europe Solar Led Garden Light Market Analysis by Country
  10.6.1 Germany Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate
  10.6.2 United Kingdom Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate
  10.6.3 France Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate
  10.6.4 Italy Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate
  10.6.5 Spain Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate
  10.6.6 Russia Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate

11 ASIA-PACIFIC SOLAR LED GARDEN LIGHT MARKET ANALYSIS

11.1 Market Overview and Prospect Analysis
11.2 Asia-Pacific Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
11.3 Asia-Pacific Solar Led Garden Light Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
11.4 Asia-Pacific Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast
11.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on Asia Pacific Market
11.6 Asia-Pacific Solar Led Garden Light Market Analysis by Country
  11.6.1 China Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate
  11.6.2 Japan Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate
  11.6.3 South Korea Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate
  11.6.4 Australia Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate
  11.6.5 India Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate

12 SOUTH AMERICA SOLAR LED GARDEN LIGHT MARKET ANALYSIS

12.1 Market Overview and Prospect Analysis
12.2 South America Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
12.3 South America Solar Led Garden Light Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
12.4 South America Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast
12.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on South America Market
12.6 South America Solar Led Garden Light Market Analysis by Country
  12.6.1 Brazil Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate
  12.6.2 Argentina Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate
  12.6.3 Columbia Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate

13 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA SOLAR LED GARDEN LIGHT MARKET ANALYSIS

13.1 Market Overview and Prospect Analysis
13.2 Middle East and Africa Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
13.3 Middle East and Africa Solar Led Garden Light Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
13.4 Middle East and Africa Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast
13.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on Middle East and Africa Market
13.6 Middle East and Africa Solar Led Garden Light Market Analysis by Country
  13.6.1 UAE Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate
  13.6.2 Egypt Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate
  13.6.3 South Africa Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate

14 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

14.1 Key Market Findings and Prospects
14.2 Advice for Investors

15 APPENDIX

15.1 Methodology
15.2 Research Data Source

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Product Picture
Figure Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Size and Growth Rate 2015-2025
Table Solar Led Garden Light Key Market Segments
Figure Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Revenue ($) Segment by Type from 2015-2020
Figure Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Revenue ($) Segment by Applications from 2015-2020
Table SWOT Analysis
Figure Global COVID-19 Status
Figure Supply Chain
Table Major Players Headquarters, and Service Area of Solar Led Garden Light
Table Major Players Revenue in 2019
Figure Major Players Revenue Share in 2019
Table Liaoyuan Lighting Company Profile
Table Liaoyuan Lighting Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Liaoyuan Lighting Production and Growth Rate
Figure Liaoyuan Lighting Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Kingsun Company Profile
Table Kingsun Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Kingsun Production and Growth Rate
Figure Kingsun Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Spark Company Profile
Table Spark Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Spark Production and Growth Rate
Figure Spark Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Shenzhen Sunnysam Technology Co., Ltd. Company Profile
Table Shenzhen Sunnysam Technology Co., Ltd. Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Shenzhen Sunnysam Technology Co., Ltd. Production and Growth Rate
Figure Shenzhen Sunnysam Technology Co., Ltd. Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Philips Company Profile
Table Philips Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Philips Production and Growth Rate
Figure Philips Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table GE Company Profile
Table GE Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure GE Production and Growth Rate
Figure GE Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table SFT Company Profile
Table SFT Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure SFT Production and Growth Rate
Figure SFT Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Panasonic Company Profile
Table Panasonic Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Panasonic Production and Growth Rate
Figure Panasonic Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Honland Group Company Profile
Table Honland Group Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Honland Group Production and Growth Rate
Figure Honland Group Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table OSRAM Company Profile
Table OSRAM Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure OSRAM Production and Growth Rate
Figure OSRAM Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales Share by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Revenue ($) by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Revenue Share by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Price ($) by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Sales by Types (2020-2025)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Sales Share by Types (2020-2025)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Revenue ($) by Types (2020-2025)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Revenue Share by Types (2020-2025)
Figure Global White Light Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global White Light Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Yellow Light Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Yellow Light Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of White Light (2020-2025)
Figure Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of White Light (2020-2025)
Figure Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Yellow Light (2020-2025)
Figure Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Yellow Light (2020-2025)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales by Applications (2015-2020)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales Share by Applications (2015-2020)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Revenue ($) by Applications (2015-2020)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Revenue Share by Applications (2015-2020)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Sales by Applications (2020-2025)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Sales Share by Applications (2020-2025)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Revenue ($) by Applications (2020-2025)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Revenue Share by Applications (2020-2025)
Figure Global Garden Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Garden Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Street Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Street Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Urban Trunk Road Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Urban Trunk Road Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Garden (2020-2025)
Figure Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Garden (2020-2025)
Figure Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Street (2020-2025)
Figure Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Street (2020-2025)
Figure Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Urban Trunk Road (2020-2025)
Figure Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Urban Trunk Road (2020-2025)
Figure Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales by Regions (2015-2020)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)
Figure Global Solar Led Garden Light Sales Market Share by Regions in 2019
Figure Global Solar Led Garden Light Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Revenue by Regions (2015-2020)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Revenue Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)
Figure Global Solar Led Garden Light Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2019
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Sales by Regions (2020-2025)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Sales Share by Regions (2020-2025)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Revenue ($) by Regions (2020-2025)
Table Global Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Revenue Share by Regions (2020-2025)
Figure North America Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure North America Solar Led Garden Light Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure North America Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)
Figure North America Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)
Figure North America COVID-19 Status
Figure U.S. Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Canada Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Mexico Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Europe Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Europe Solar Led Garden Light Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Europe Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)
Figure Europe Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)
Figure Europe COVID-19 Status
Figure Germany Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure United Kingdom Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure France Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Italy Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Spain Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Russia Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Asia-Pacific Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Asia-Pacific Solar Led Garden Light Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Asia-Pacific Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)
Figure Asia-Pacific Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)
Figure Asia Pacific COVID-19 Status
Figure China Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Japan Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South Korea Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Australia Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure India Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South America Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South America Solar Led Garden Light Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South America Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)
Figure South America Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)
Figure Brazil Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Argentina Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Columbia Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Middle East and Africa Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Middle East and Africa Solar Led Garden Light Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Middle East and Africa Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)
Figure Middle East and Africa Solar Led Garden Light Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)
Figure UAE Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Egypt Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South Africa Solar Led Garden Light Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)