Global Luxury Cars Market Research Report with Opportunities and Strategies to Boost Growth- COVID-19 Impact and Recovery

January 2022 | 106 pages | ID: G3438C67385BEN
Maia Research

Abstracts

Based on the Luxury Cars market development status, competitive landscape and development model in different regions of the world, this report is dedicated to providing niche markets, potential risks and comprehensive competitive strategy analysis in different fields. From the competitive advantages of different types of products and services, the development opportunities and consumption characteristics and structure analysis of the downstream application fields are all analyzed in detail. To Boost Growth during the epidemic era, this report analyzes in detail for the potential risks and opportunities which can be focused on.

In Chapter 2.4 of the report, we share our perspectives for the impact of COVID-19 from the long and short term.
In chapter 3.4, we provide the influence of the crisis on the industry chain, especially for marketing channels.
In chapters 8-13, we update the timely industry economic revitalization plan of the country-wise government.

Key players in the global Luxury Cars market covered in Chapter 5:
BMW
Toyota Motor Corporation
Cadillac
Tesla
Mini
Volvo
Honda Motor Company, Ltd
Passat (Santana)
Lexus
Audi
Mercedes-Benz

In Chapter 6, on the basis of types, the Luxury Cars market from 2015 to 2025 is primarily split into:
Hatchback
Sedan
SUV

In Chapter 7, on the basis of applications, the Luxury Cars market from 2015 to 2025 covers:
Petrol
Diesel
Electric
Others

Geographically, the detailed analysis of consumption, revenue, market share and growth rate, historic and forecast (2015-2025) of the following regions are covered in Chapter 8-13:
North America (Covered in Chapter 9)
United States
Canada
Mexico
Europe (Covered in Chapter 10)
Germany
UK
France
Italy
Spain
Russia
Others
Asia-Pacific (Covered in Chapter 11)
China
Japan
South Korea
Australia
India
South America (Covered in Chapter 12)
Brazil
Argentina
Columbia
Middle East and Africa (Covered in Chapter 13)
UAE
Egypt
South Africa

Years considered for this report:
Historical Years: 2015-2019
Base Year: 2019
Estimated Year: 2020
Forecast Period: 2020-2025

Contents

1 MARKET OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Definition and Market Characteristics
1.2 Global Luxury Cars Market Size
1.3 Market Segmentation
1.4 Global Macroeconomic Analysis
1.5 SWOT Analysis

2. MARKET DYNAMICS

2.1 Market Drivers
2.2 Market Constraints and Challenges
2.3 Emerging Market Trends
2.4 Impact of COVID-19
  2.4.1 Short-term Impact
  2.4.2 Long-term Impact

3 ASSOCIATED INDUSTRY ASSESSMENT

3.1 Supply Chain Analysis
3.2 Industry Active Participants
  3.2.1 Suppliers of Raw Materials
  3.2.2 Key Distributors/Retailers
3.3 Alternative Analysis
3.4 The Impact of Covid-19 From the Perspective of Industry Chain

4 MARKET COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

4.1 Industry Leading Players
4.2 Industry News
  4.2.1 Key Product Launch News
  4.2.2 M&A and Expansion Plans

5 ANALYSIS OF LEADING COMPANIES

5.1 BMW
  5.1.1 BMW Company Profile
  5.1.2 BMW Business Overview
  5.1.3 BMW Luxury Cars Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.1.4 BMW Luxury Cars Products Introduction
5.2 Toyota Motor Corporation
  5.2.1 Toyota Motor Corporation Company Profile
  5.2.2 Toyota Motor Corporation Business Overview
  5.2.3 Toyota Motor Corporation Luxury Cars Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.2.4 Toyota Motor Corporation Luxury Cars Products Introduction
5.3 Cadillac
  5.3.1 Cadillac Company Profile
  5.3.2 Cadillac Business Overview
  5.3.3 Cadillac Luxury Cars Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.3.4 Cadillac Luxury Cars Products Introduction
5.4 Tesla
  5.4.1 Tesla Company Profile
  5.4.2 Tesla Business Overview
  5.4.3 Tesla Luxury Cars Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.4.4 Tesla Luxury Cars Products Introduction
5.5 Mini
  5.5.1 Mini Company Profile
  5.5.2 Mini Business Overview
  5.5.3 Mini Luxury Cars Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.5.4 Mini Luxury Cars Products Introduction
5.6 Volvo
  5.6.1 Volvo Company Profile
  5.6.2 Volvo Business Overview
  5.6.3 Volvo Luxury Cars Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.6.4 Volvo Luxury Cars Products Introduction
5.7 Honda Motor Company, Ltd
  5.7.1 Honda Motor Company, Ltd Company Profile
  5.7.2 Honda Motor Company, Ltd Business Overview
  5.7.3 Honda Motor Company, Ltd Luxury Cars Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.7.4 Honda Motor Company, Ltd Luxury Cars Products Introduction
5.8 Passat (Santana)
  5.8.1 Passat (Santana) Company Profile
  5.8.2 Passat (Santana) Business Overview
  5.8.3 Passat (Santana) Luxury Cars Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.8.4 Passat (Santana) Luxury Cars Products Introduction
5.9 Lexus
  5.9.1 Lexus Company Profile
  5.9.2 Lexus Business Overview
  5.9.3 Lexus Luxury Cars Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.9.4 Lexus Luxury Cars Products Introduction
5.10 Audi
  5.10.1 Audi Company Profile
  5.10.2 Audi Business Overview
  5.10.3 Audi Luxury Cars Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.10.4 Audi Luxury Cars Products Introduction
5.11 Mercedes-Benz
  5.11.1 Mercedes-Benz Company Profile
  5.11.2 Mercedes-Benz Business Overview
  5.11.3 Mercedes-Benz Luxury Cars Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
  5.11.4 Mercedes-Benz Luxury Cars Products Introduction

6 MARKET ANALYSIS AND FORECAST, BY PRODUCT TYPES

6.1 Global Luxury Cars Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
  6.1.1 Global Luxury Cars Sales and Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
  6.1.2 Global Luxury Cars Revenue and Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
  6.1.3 Global Luxury Cars Price by Types (2015-2020)
6.2 Global Luxury Cars Market Forecast by Types (2020-2025)
  6.2.1 Global Luxury Cars Market Forecast Sales and Market Share by Types (2020-2025)
  6.2.2 Global Luxury Cars Market Forecast Revenue and Market Share by Types (2020-2025)
6.3 Global Luxury Cars Sales, Price and Growth Rate by Types (2015-2020)
  6.3.1 Global Luxury Cars Sales, Price and Growth Rate of Hatchback
  6.3.2 Global Luxury Cars Sales, Price and Growth Rate of Sedan
  6.3.3 Global Luxury Cars Sales, Price and Growth Rate of SUV
6.4 Global Luxury Cars Market Revenue and Sales Forecast, by Types (2020-2025)
  6.4.1 Hatchback Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
  6.4.2 Sedan Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
  6.4.3 SUV Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)

7 MARKET ANALYSIS AND FORECAST, BY APPLICATIONS

7.1 Global Luxury Cars Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
  7.1.1 Global Luxury Cars Sales and Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
  7.1.2 Global Luxury Cars Revenue and Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
7.2 Global Luxury Cars Market Forecast by Applications (2020-2025)
  7.2.1 Global Luxury Cars Market Forecast Sales and Market Share by Applications (2020-2025)
  7.2.2 Global Luxury Cars Market Forecast Revenue and Market Share by Applications (2020-2025)
7.3 Global Revenue, Sales and Growth Rate by Applications (2015-2020)
  7.3.1 Global Luxury Cars Revenue, Sales and Growth Rate of Petrol (2015-2020)
  7.3.2 Global Luxury Cars Revenue, Sales and Growth Rate of Diesel (2015-2020)
  7.3.3 Global Luxury Cars Revenue, Sales and Growth Rate of Electric (2015-2020)
  7.3.4 Global Luxury Cars Revenue, Sales and Growth Rate of Others (2015-2020)
7.4 Global Luxury Cars Market Revenue and Sales Forecast, by Applications (2020-2025)
  7.4.1 Petrol Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
  7.4.2 Diesel Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
  7.4.3 Electric Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
  7.4.4 Others Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)

8 MARKET ANALYSIS AND FORECAST, BY REGIONS

8.1 Global Luxury Cars Sales by Regions (2015-2020)
8.2 Global Luxury Cars Market Revenue by Regions (2015-2020)
8.3 Global Luxury Cars Market Forecast by Regions (2020-2025)

9 NORTH AMERICA LUXURY CARS MARKET ANALYSIS

9.1 Market Overview and Prospect Analysis
9.2 North America Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
9.3 North America Luxury Cars Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
9.4 North America Luxury Cars Market Forecast
9.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on North America Market
9.6 North America Luxury Cars Market Analysis by Country
  9.6.1 U.S. Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate
  9.6.2 Canada Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate
  9.6.3 Mexico Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate

10 EUROPE LUXURY CARS MARKET ANALYSIS

10.1 Market Overview and Prospect Analysis
10.2 Europe Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
10.3 Europe Luxury Cars Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
10.4 Europe Luxury Cars Market Forecast
10.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on Europe Market
10.6 Europe Luxury Cars Market Analysis by Country
  10.6.1 Germany Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate
  10.6.2 United Kingdom Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate
  10.6.3 France Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate
  10.6.4 Italy Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate
  10.6.5 Spain Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate
  10.6.6 Russia Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate

11 ASIA-PACIFIC LUXURY CARS MARKET ANALYSIS

11.1 Market Overview and Prospect Analysis
11.2 Asia-Pacific Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
11.3 Asia-Pacific Luxury Cars Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
11.4 Asia-Pacific Luxury Cars Market Forecast
11.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on Asia Pacific Market
11.6 Asia-Pacific Luxury Cars Market Analysis by Country
  11.6.1 China Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate
  11.6.2 Japan Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate
  11.6.3 South Korea Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate
  11.6.4 Australia Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate
  11.6.5 India Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate

12 SOUTH AMERICA LUXURY CARS MARKET ANALYSIS

12.1 Market Overview and Prospect Analysis
12.2 South America Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
12.3 South America Luxury Cars Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
12.4 South America Luxury Cars Market Forecast
12.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on South America Market
12.6 South America Luxury Cars Market Analysis by Country
  12.6.1 Brazil Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate
  12.6.2 Argentina Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate
  12.6.3 Columbia Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate

13 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA LUXURY CARS MARKET ANALYSIS

13.1 Market Overview and Prospect Analysis
13.2 Middle East and Africa Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
13.3 Middle East and Africa Luxury Cars Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
13.4 Middle East and Africa Luxury Cars Market Forecast
13.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on Middle East and Africa Market
13.6 Middle East and Africa Luxury Cars Market Analysis by Country
  13.6.1 UAE Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate
  13.6.2 Egypt Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate
  13.6.3 South Africa Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate

14 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

14.1 Key Market Findings and Prospects
14.2 Advice for Investors

15 APPENDIX

15.1 Methodology
15.2 Research Data Source

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Product Picture
Figure Global Luxury Cars Market Size and Growth Rate 2015-2025
Table Luxury Cars Key Market Segments
Figure Global Luxury Cars Market Revenue ($) Segment by Type from 2015-2020
Figure Global Luxury Cars Market Revenue ($) Segment by Applications from 2015-2020
Table SWOT Analysis
Figure Global COVID-19 Status
Figure Supply Chain
Table Major Players Headquarters, and Service Area of Luxury Cars
Table Major Players Revenue in 2019
Figure Major Players Revenue Share in 2019
Table BMW Company Profile
Table BMW Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure BMW Production and Growth Rate
Figure BMW Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Toyota Motor Corporation Company Profile
Table Toyota Motor Corporation Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Toyota Motor Corporation Production and Growth Rate
Figure Toyota Motor Corporation Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Cadillac Company Profile
Table Cadillac Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Cadillac Production and Growth Rate
Figure Cadillac Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Tesla Company Profile
Table Tesla Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Tesla Production and Growth Rate
Figure Tesla Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Mini Company Profile
Table Mini Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Mini Production and Growth Rate
Figure Mini Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Volvo Company Profile
Table Volvo Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Volvo Production and Growth Rate
Figure Volvo Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Honda Motor Company, Ltd Company Profile
Table Honda Motor Company, Ltd Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Honda Motor Company, Ltd Production and Growth Rate
Figure Honda Motor Company, Ltd Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Passat (Santana) Company Profile
Table Passat (Santana) Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Passat (Santana) Production and Growth Rate
Figure Passat (Santana) Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Lexus Company Profile
Table Lexus Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Lexus Production and Growth Rate
Figure Lexus Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Audi Company Profile
Table Audi Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Audi Production and Growth Rate
Figure Audi Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Mercedes-Benz Company Profile
Table Mercedes-Benz Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Mercedes-Benz Production and Growth Rate
Figure Mercedes-Benz Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Global Luxury Cars Sales by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Luxury Cars Sales Share by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Luxury Cars Revenue ($) by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Luxury Cars Revenue Share by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Luxury Cars Price ($) by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Luxury Cars Market Forecast Sales by Types (2020-2025)
Table Global Luxury Cars Market Forecast Sales Share by Types (2020-2025)
Table Global Luxury Cars Market Forecast Revenue ($) by Types (2020-2025)
Table Global Luxury Cars Market Forecast Revenue Share by Types (2020-2025)
Figure Global Hatchback Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Hatchback Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Sedan Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Sedan Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global SUV Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global SUV Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Luxury Cars Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Hatchback (2020-2025)
Figure Global Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Hatchback (2020-2025)
Figure Global Luxury Cars Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Sedan (2020-2025)
Figure Global Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Sedan (2020-2025)
Figure Global Luxury Cars Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of SUV (2020-2025)
Figure Global Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of SUV (2020-2025)
Table Global Luxury Cars Sales by Applications (2015-2020)
Table Global Luxury Cars Sales Share by Applications (2015-2020)
Table Global Luxury Cars Revenue ($) by Applications (2015-2020)
Table Global Luxury Cars Revenue Share by Applications (2015-2020)
Table Global Luxury Cars Market Forecast Sales by Applications (2020-2025)
Table Global Luxury Cars Market Forecast Sales Share by Applications (2020-2025)
Table Global Luxury Cars Market Forecast Revenue ($) by Applications (2020-2025)
Table Global Luxury Cars Market Forecast Revenue Share by Applications (2020-2025)
Figure Global Petrol Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Petrol Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Diesel Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Diesel Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Electric Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Electric Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Others Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Others Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Luxury Cars Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Petrol (2020-2025)
Figure Global Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Petrol (2020-2025)
Figure Global Luxury Cars Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Diesel (2020-2025)
Figure Global Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Diesel (2020-2025)
Figure Global Luxury Cars Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Electric (2020-2025)
Figure Global Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Electric (2020-2025)
Figure Global Luxury Cars Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Others (2020-2025)
Figure Global Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Others (2020-2025)
Figure Global Luxury Cars Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Global Luxury Cars Sales by Regions (2015-2020)
Table Global Luxury Cars Sales Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)
Figure Global Luxury Cars Sales Market Share by Regions in 2019
Figure Global Luxury Cars Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Global Luxury Cars Revenue by Regions (2015-2020)
Table Global Luxury Cars Revenue Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)
Figure Global Luxury Cars Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2019
Table Global Luxury Cars Market Forecast Sales by Regions (2020-2025)
Table Global Luxury Cars Market Forecast Sales Share by Regions (2020-2025)
Table Global Luxury Cars Market Forecast Revenue ($) by Regions (2020-2025)
Table Global Luxury Cars Market Forecast Revenue Share by Regions (2020-2025)
Figure North America Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure North America Luxury Cars Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure North America Luxury Cars Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)
Figure North America Luxury Cars Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)
Figure North America COVID-19 Status
Figure U.S. Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Canada Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Mexico Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Europe Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Europe Luxury Cars Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Europe Luxury Cars Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)
Figure Europe Luxury Cars Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)
Figure Europe COVID-19 Status
Figure Germany Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure United Kingdom Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure France Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Italy Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Spain Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Russia Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Asia-Pacific Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Asia-Pacific Luxury Cars Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Asia-Pacific Luxury Cars Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)
Figure Asia-Pacific Luxury Cars Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)
Figure Asia Pacific COVID-19 Status
Figure China Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Japan Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South Korea Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Australia Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure India Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South America Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South America Luxury Cars Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South America Luxury Cars Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)
Figure South America Luxury Cars Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)
Figure Brazil Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Argentina Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Columbia Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Middle East and Africa Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Middle East and Africa Luxury Cars Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Middle East and Africa Luxury Cars Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)
Figure Middle East and Africa Luxury Cars Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)
Figure UAE Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Egypt Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South Africa Luxury Cars Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)